Volume Management 900 Series HP 3000 Computer Systems ABCDE HP Part No. 32650-90045 Printed in U.S.A.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or tness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing or use of this material.
Printing History The following table lists the printings of this document, together with the respective release dates for each edition. The software version indicates the version of the software product at the time this document was issued. Many product releases do not require changes to the document. Therefore, do not expect a one-to-one correspondence between product releases and document editions.
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Preface MPE/iX, Multiprogramming Executive with Integrated POSIX, is the latest in a series of forward-compatible operating systems for the HP 3000 line of computers. In HP documentation and in talking with HP 3000 users, you will encounter references to MPE XL, the direct predecessor of MPE/iX. MPE/iX is a superset of MPE XL. All programs written for MPE XL will run without change under MPE/iX.
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Conventions UPPERCASE In a syntax statement, commands and keywords are shown in uppercase characters. The characters must be entered in the order shown; however, you can enter the characters in either uppercase or lowercase. For example: COMMAND can be entered as any of the following: command Command COMMAND It cannot, however, be entered as: comm italics com_mand In a syntax statement or an example, a word in italics represents a parameter or argument that you must replace with the actual value.
Conventions (continued) [ ... ] In a syntax statement, horizontal ellipses enclosed in brackets indicate that you can repeatedly select the element(s) that appear within the immediately preceding pair of brackets or braces. In the example below, you can select parameter zero or more times. Each instance of parameter must be preceded by a comma: [,parameter][...
Contents 1. 2. 3. Introducing Volume Management Why Use Volume Management? Volume Management Bene ts High Data Availability . . . Reduced Downtime . . . . E cient Use of Resources . Improved Security . . . . What Is Volume Management? . Volumes . . . . . . . . . . Volume Sets . . . . . . . . Volume Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adding Volumes to a Class . . . . . . Example: Adding a Volume to a Class Moving les . . . . . . . . . . . . Example: Moving Files . . . . . . Creating Accounts . . . . . . . . . Example: Creating an Account . . . Creating Groups . . . . . . . . . . Example: Creating a Group . . . . Creating Files . . . . . . . . . . . File Opening . . . . . . . . . . . File Extents . . . . . . . . . . . File Restriction . . . . . . . . . . Mounting a Volume Set . . . . . . .
SETDEFAULTSET . . . . . . . . SHOWCLASS . . . . . . . . . . SHOWDEFAULTSET . . . . . . . SHOWSET . . . . . . . . . . . SHOWUSAGE . . . . . . . . . . Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . SHOWVOL . . . . . . . . . . . UNSCRATCHVOL . . . . . . . . USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VERIFYVOL . . . . . . . . . . System Volume Mounting Commands . MPE XL and MPE V/E Commands VMOUNT . . . . . . . . . . . VSCLOSE . . . . . . . . . . . VSOPEN . . . . . . . . . . . VSRELEASE . . . . . . . . . VSRELEASESYS . . . . . . . .
Figures 1-1. 1-2. 1-3. 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5. 2-6. 2-7. 2-8. 3-1. 3-2. 3-3. 3-4. 3-5. Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volume Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volume Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volume Management Task Overview . . . . . Volume Management Overview (continued) . . . Volume Management Overview (continued) . . . A Master Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Member Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volume Set File Restriction . . . . . . . . .
1 Introducing Volume Management Volume management is designed to provide high data availability by e ciently managing disk storage space using volumes, volume sets, and volume classes. Volume management is available on any 900 Series HP 3000 computer. Volume management proves particularly useful if you have four or more disk drives or a multisystem environment. Why Use Volume Management? On many systems all the disk drives are con gured as one set, the system volume set.
High Data Availability Volume management attempts to keep as much data as possible available to the system. If all the volumes in the volume set are not mounted, the user is still able to access data from the available volumes in the volumes set. Data can be partitioned into volume classes, so speci c volumes can be grouped together to limit access to these volumes. Data can be grouped and stored on speci c disks, so that only those disks need to be mounted.
Improved Security When using removable disks, sensitive data may be taken o ine and placed in a secure location. Special capabilities also protect data on nonsystem volumes. Users without use volumes (UV) capabilities cannot access any les on a nonsystem volume, even if the les are released. Volume management also keeps account security information on the system disk, so there is no possibility of nonsystem or transported disks interfering with the system security structure.
Volume Sets A volume set is a group of volumes containing one master volume and optional member volumes. There are two types of volume sets available on the system, one system volume set that is initialized when the system is installed and nonsystem volume sets that you create. You can create nonsystem volume sets and add volumes to volume sets while the system is running. Figure 1-2. Volume Sets Volume Classes A volume class is a subset of the volumes within one volume set.
2 Understanding Volume Management This chapter describes basic volume management tasks, terms, and how to plan for volume management. Volume Management Task Overview Figure 2-1 shows the tasks involved in volume management. Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-3. Volume Management Overview (continued) The following tasks are involved in setting up volume management. Finding out about volume management, so you can create a disk space plan (described in this chapter). Installing additional hardware (if needed). Con guring additional disks (if needed). Using the VOLUTIL commands to set up volume sets and classes, according to your disk space plan (described in chapter 3).
Volume Management Terms This section describes volumes, volume sets, and volume classes in more detail. Volumes A volume is a disk pack. A disk pack can be removable or nonremovable. The system recognizes a volume in a particular volume state. The volume state determines whether the volume is available or not. Volume states are described in chapter 3 of this manual. Volume Sets There are two types of volume sets, the system volume set and optional nonsystem volume sets.
Table 2-1 lists the di erences between the system volume set and nonsystem volume sets. Table 2-1. Differences between System and Nonsystem Volume Sets System Volume Set Nonsystem Volume Sets Maximum one system volume set per system. Up to 32 nonsystem volume sets per system. Named MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET . Can be any name up to 32 characters long. Always mounted when system is running. Can be removed (dismounted) while system running, if not needed. Allows permanent storage only.
Master Volumes Table 2-2 lists the information contained on the master volume of a volume set. Table 2-2. Master Volume Information Information volume label le label table Description Name of the master volume. File labels for the les residing on the volume set. free space map Map of allocated and available disk sectors on the volume set. directory root Contains the directory of the volume set.
Figure 2-4. A Master Volume Note The master volume of a nonsystem volume set must be mounted for the system to recognize the volume set. The master volume of the system volume set must be mounted to boot the system. Member Volumes Member volumes can be added online after the volume set is created. They contain the information described in Table 2-3. Table 2-3. Member Volume Information Information Description Volume Label Name of the member volume.
Figure 2-5. A Member Volume Volume Classes A volume class is a subset of the volumes within one volume set. Volume classes are useful in restricting data to particular volumes in a volume set. Only the master volume and those particular volumes are needed to run applications. When data is restricted to a volume class, this limits the chance of losing data if a particular volume fails. Then problems on volumes outside that class, except the master volume, do not a ect that data.
Planning for Volume Management Volume management manages disk space to keep as much data as possible available to the system. This is accomplished by partitioning or restricting data according to your disk space plan. The following guidelines will help you develop your own disk space plan.
Volume Set Restriction The default volume set restriction is the least restrictive. Since a le cannot span volume sets, if the master volume fails, access to the entire volume set is denied. If a volume in the volume set fails, access to the le is denied. Figure 2-6. Volume Set File Restriction Volume Class Restriction With the exception of the volume class DISC, any volume class restriction must be speci ed at le creation time. A le is placed only on the volumes within that volume class.
Volume Restriction Volume restriction is the most restrictive/granular level of protection. Volume restriction must be speci ed at le creation time. The le extents are placed on only one volume. If the volume fails, access to the le is denied. Figure 2-8. Volume File Restriction Disk Storage Space There are two types of disk storage space, permanent and transient.
Volume Management Recommendations In summary, the following volume management recommendations should guide you in designing your disk space plan. Volume management proves particularly useful if you have four or more disk drives or a multisystem environment. You should have most of the account structure on nonsystem volume sets for higher data availability. There is little di erence in the time to access nonsystem volumes versus system volumes. Keep volume sets small.
3 Using Volume Management This chapter describes how to use volume management to perform the following tasks: Display volume status. Create nonsystem volume sets. Add volumes to a volume set. Create volume classes. Create accounts and groups. Mount a volume set. Volume Management Commands Volume management tasks are performed by using three types of commands: VOLUTIL commands, system commands, and DISCUTIL commands.
Using VOLUTIL The volume utility, VOLUTIL, provides commands for manipulating system and nonsystem volume sets. VOLUTIL resides in PUB.SYS. These commands are used to manage and maintain individual volumes, volume sets, and volume classes and to display volume content, availability, and status. VOLUTIL must not be executed simultaneously from two or more sessions, since Note many commands assume a single thread of execution on the entire system.
Displaying Volume Status Volumes are recognized by the system in the states listed in Table 3-1. The \Accessible?" column in Table 3-1 shows whether a volume can be used in the corresponding state. Table 3-1. Volume States State Description Accessible? MASTER A volume in this state is the master volume of a Yes volume set. In order for the system to recognize the volume set, the master volume must be mounted. MEMBER A volume in this state belongs to a volume set Yes whose master is mounted.
Example: Displaying Volume Status This example shows how to display the status of all of the disks recognized by the system by using the DSTAT command. At the system prompt, use the DSTAT ALL command.
Creating a Nonsystem Volume Set A nonsystem volume set is created by initializing the master volume of the set by using the VOLUTIL NEWSET command. You cannot create a system volume set. Only one system volume set is supported on the system and that volume set, MPEXL SYSTEM VOLUME SET, is created automatically at system initialization. Once a volume set is created by creating the master volume, the system recognizes the volume set and the volume is ready for use.
5. After you create a nonsystem volume set, use the DSTAT command to verify that the volume set was created. d a volutil: :DSTAT c Caution LDEV-TYPE _ _ _ _ _ 10-07937 11-07937 12-07937 STATUS VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MASTER MEMBER1 (PROD_SET-0) LONER SCRATCH b Make sure you see the message verifying that the volume was initialized correctly. Any error that occurs during initialization means that the volume must be reinitialized.
d a volutil: :DSTAT c LDEV-TYPE _ _ _ _ _ 10-07937 11-07937 12-07937 STATUS VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ MASTER MEMBER1 (PROD_SET-0) LONER SCRATCH b 2. LDEV 11 is a LONER volume and you determine it. It no longer contains any needed data. Since a volume needs to be in the SCRATCH or UNKNOWN state in order to be added to a volume set, change LDEV 11 to a SCRATCH volume by using the SCRATCHVOL command. Refer to chapter 5 for more information on this command.
d a volutil: :DSTAT c Caution LDEV-TYPE _ _ _ _ _ 10-07937 11-07937 12-07937 STATUS _ _ _ _ MASTER MEMBER SCRATCH VOLUME _ _ _ _ MEMBER1 MEMBER2 (VOLUME SET - GEN) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (PROD_SET-0) (PROD_SET-0) b Make sure you see the message verifying that the volume was initialized correctly. Any error that occurs during initialization means that the volume must be reinitialized. Once a volume has been added as part of a volume set, its name and volume ID are loaded on the master volume.
d c a volutil: SHOWCLASS PROD_SET:ENGR Volume class index: 2 Number of volumes in class: 1 b Once a class is speci ed, the system recognizes the class and the class is ready for use. Note A class cannot be deleted from the volume set. Likewise, a volume cannot be deleted from a class. Adding Volumes to a Class To add a volume to an existing class on a system or nonsystem volume set, use the EXPANDCLASS command. Refer to chapter 5 for more information on this command.
Moving files Depending on your disk space plan, you may need to move les from the system volume set to a nonsystem volume set. System volume les can be moved to a nonsystem volume set by using the RESTORE command to move the entire group or account. For more information on this command, refer to the Storing Files and Backing Up the System Reference Manual (32650-90140) manual.
d a :LISTUSER @.MANUF ************* USER: USER1.MANUF HOME GROUP: PUB MAX PRI : 150 LOGON CNT : 0 CAP: AM,AL,GL,ND,SF,BA,IA c ... PASSWORD: ** LOC ATTR: $00000000 b 3. Use the STORE command to copy the system les to tape by account. Refer to the Storing Files and Backing Up the System Reference Manual (32650-90140) manual for more information on storing les. d c :FILE T;DEV=TAPE :STORE @.@.MANUF;*T;SHOW a b 4.
d c :PURGEACCT MANUF a b 6. Use the RESTORE command with the CREATE option to restore the les from tape to the nonsystem volume set, PROD_SET. d c :RESTORE *T;@.@.MANUF;CREATE;SHOW;VOLSET=PROD_SET a b This command creates the necessary group and account entries on both the system and nonsystem volume sets. This command will only create user who are creators of the les restored. If there are any @.MANUF users that only read or modify les but do not create them, these users will not be created.
The PUB group normally resides on the system volume set. When les are restored from tape, the PUB group's les will automatically be restored to the system volume set. If you want to change the home group of the PUB group, you will need to use the ALTGROUP command. Refer to the MPE/iX Commands Reference Manual Volumes 1 and 2 (32650-90003 and 32650-90364) for more information on this command. Note d a :REPORT @.
Creating Accounts In order to create or use les on a nonsystem volume set, the account structure must exist on the system volume set and the nonsystem volume set. If you moved les from the system volume set according to the instructions in this chapter, you already have the necessary account structure present on both volume sets.
d c a :NEWACCT ORDERS,MGR;CAP=AM,SF,ND,CS,PH,IA,BA,CV,UV b Figure 3-1. Creating the Account on the System Volume 3. Next create the same account on the nonsystem volume set PROD SET, using NEWACCT with ONVS. ONVS tells the system to create the directory entry on the PROD SET volume set.
Figure 3-2. Creating the Account on the Nonsystem Volume Creating Groups A group is speci ed on a nonsystem volume set to limit access to les. A group is contained within one volume set or one single volume. The system is designed to gain access to groups through the system volume set, even though the groups exist on the nonsystem volume set. Therefore, entries must be made in two directories (system and nonsystem directory), and two NEWGROUP commands are necessary.
Figure 3-3. Creating the Group on the System Volume 3. Next create the group on the nonsystem volume set with the ONVS parameter. ONVS refers to the nonsystem volume. Refer to the MPE/iX Commands Reference Manual Volumes 1 and 2 (32650-90003 and 32650-90364) for a detailed description of this command. d c :NEWGROUP DATABASE;ONVS=PROD_SET a b Account information is stored on the system volume.
Figure 3-4. Creating a Group on the Nonsystem Volume 4. Use the REPORT command to verify account and group information. d a :REPORT @.ORDERS ACCOUNT FILESPACE=SECTORS CPU-SECONDS CONNECT-MINUTES /GROUP COUNT LIMIT COUNT LIMIT COUNT LIMIT ORDERS /DATABASE /PUB 421 392 29 ** ** ** 0 0 0 ** ** ** 0 0 0 ** ** ** :REPORT @.
Creating Files Once the account structure exists, you can use or build les. Building les is described in detail in Controlling System Activity (32650-90155). This section describes the following le building information speci c to volume management. File opening. File extents. File restriction. File Opening When opening a le, the system searches for the le in the system directory root, traversing down to the group/ le node, which points to the directory root on the nonsystem volume.
Figure 3-5. Building Files Mounting a Volume Set Volume management makes volume sets available as soon as they are physically recognized by the system. The system automatically recognizes a volume set after the volumes have been added to the volume set, upon the power on of the disk drive, or at the boot of the system. In order to access data from a volume set, only the volumes where the data is located and the master of the volume set need to be mounted.
System Volume Management Commands There are two types of system volume management commands: the commands that support the system account structure and the commands that are used for volume mounting. The system account structure commands are listed here. The system volume mounting commands are described in chapter 5. System Account Structure Commands The following system commands can be used with volume management to set up and update accounts and groups.
4 Troubleshooting This chapter describes how to recover data from disks using the DISCUTIL utility and how to recover from a system and nonsystem disk failure. For more information on recovering data, refer to the SAVE command in chapter 5. Using DISCUTIL DISCUTIL is a standalone utility used to con gure devices and to save les to tape from disks that have failed, systems that have failed or directories that have become corrupted.
d a MMSAVE Version 9.90 DUMPAREA found, save main memory to disc ISL loaded ISL Revision 2822 May, 1987 Cannot find an auto-execute file. AUTOBOOT ABORTED. ISL> DISCUTIL discutil> c b Data Recovery Data can be recovered from disks by using DISCUTIL in conjunction with the RECOVER command of VOLUTIL. This section describes two data recovery tasks: Saving les to tape using DISCUTIL. Recovering les to disk using VOLUTIL.
is an optional group designator. is an optional account designator. groupname acctname If you press 4RETURN5 without entering a le set, DISCUTIL ends the SAVE command. The parameters lename , groupname , and acctname may be replaced by @ to signify \all members of the set". For example, @.@.MPEXL, @.UTIL.MPEXL, or @.@.@. @.@.@, @.@, and @ are equivalent. The prompt is repeated after the le set is saved. To terminate SAVE, press 4RETURN5. 3.
6. Enter the modi cation date at the prompt. d c ENTER THE MODIFICATION DATE (MM/DD/YYYY): 04/01/1989 a b Only les modi ed since this date are saved to tape. DD is a two-digit number for the day of the month, MM is a two-digit number for the month, and YYYY is a four-digit number for the year. Omit the date speci cation and press 4RETURN5 at the prompt to save all les requested. d a discutil> SAVE WARNING BLOCK ENTER FILE SET TO BE SAVED: MYFILE.JOHN.
To Make Multiple Tapesets d c To make multiple tapesets, the current SAVE command must nish with the current tapeset. To do this, type 4RETURN5 at the ENTER FILE SET TO BE SAVED: prompt. This returns you to the DISCUTIL> prompt, and the following message displays. MANUALLY REWINDING THE TAPE DRIVE AND STARTING A NEW TAPESET BEFORE THE CURRENT SAVE COMMAND IS COMPLETE WILL CAUSE FILES TO BE LOST!!! a b Example: Making Multiple Filesets d This example shows how to make multiple lesets. 1. Invoke SAVE.
a tape anytime it cannot save an entire le. The VOLUTIL RECOVER command aborts the recovery of that le when it reads the mark on a le. It then continues with the next le. Exiting DISCUTIL DISCUTIL is terminated by using the EXIT command. Control then returns to the system and the system prompt is displayed. Recovering Files to Disk VOLUTIL's RECOVER command recreates les from the output tape produced by DISCUTIL. You will need SM, system manager, capability to use the VOLUTIL RECOVER command.
Troubleshooting This section describes how to recover from the following failures: System disk failure. Nonsystem disk failure. System Disk Failure If a member of the system volume set fails because of a hardware problem, it causes a system abort. You will not be able to reboot until the disk is xed. An INSTALL is usually required. Nonsystem Disk Failure If a member of a nonsystem volume set fails because of a hardware problem, it does not necessarily cause a system abort.
5 Volume Management Commands Volume management uses three types of commands: VOLUTIL commands, system commands, and DISCUTIL commands. All of the these commands are described in this chapter. VOLUTIL Commands VOLUTIL commands are organized into groups depending on the ending of the command. Commands that end with SET, CLASS, or VOL operate on sets, classes, and volumes, respectively. All of the VOLUTIL commands are described in this chapter. Enter a VOLUTIL command after the VOLUTIL prompt is displayed.
Table 5-1. VOLUTIL Commands (continued) Command 5-2 Type Task UNSCRATCHVOL Volume Unscratches a volume. VERIFYVOL Volume Veri es that the data on a volume can be read. COPYSET Set Copies data from one volume set to another. NEWSET Set Creates a new volume set. SETDEFAULTSET Set Changes the default volume set. SHOWDEFAULTSET Set Shows the default volume set. SHOWSET Set Displays volume set information. EXPANDCLASS Class Adds a volume to an existing volume class.
ALTERVOL ALTERVOL The ALTERVOL command changes the permanent and transient disk space allocation for a particular volume. Permanent disk space is reserved for les, the label table, and free space map. The default value for permanent storage is 100%. Transient storage on system volumes is used for stacks and other temporary operating structures. For LDEV 1 the system master volume, the default value for transient space is 75% and the default value for permanent storage space is 75%.
ALTERVOL Example This example shows how to change disk space allocation. 1. Set the maximum allocation of 100% for permanent and transient storage space. d volutil: ALTERVOL SAMPLE_SET:SAMPLE_VOL 100 100 a Verify: Set maximum permanent to 100[Y/N]? Y c Verify: Set maximum transient to 100[Y/N]? Y b 2. Use the DISCFREE utility to display disk space allocations. Refer to the MPE/iX Utilities Manual (32650-90081) for more information on this utility.
COPYSET COPYSET The COPYSET command copies one or more members of a volume set to another volume set. The master must be copied rst, because it contains information that must be placed on the member volumes. The source volumes must be mounted in the LONER state, and the destination volumes must be mounted in the SCRATCH or UNKNOWN state. Allows the copying of an entire volume set.
COPYSET 3. Copy the master to the other volume set. d volutil: :VSCLOSE BSET a volutil: :DSTAT LDEV-TYPE --------21-079330 22-079330 23-079350 41-079350 42-079350 43-079350 c STATUS -----LONER LONER LONER SCRATCH SCRATCH SCRATCH VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) ------------------------BVOL1 (BSET-0) BVOL2 (BSET-0) BVOL6 (BSET-0) volutil: COPYSET SNAME=BSET FROM=21 TO=41 b After the volume has been copied, both volumes (the source and the target) would be LONER volumes.
COPYVOL COPYVOL The COPYVOL command copies the contents of one volume to a second volume. This is a bit-wise copy of the source volume. The source must be mounted in the SCRATCH, UNKNOWN, or LONER state. The destination volume must be mounted in the SCRATCH or UNKNOWN state. Both volumes must have the same physical characteristics. Use the DSTAT command to determine the state of any volume. Task Copies the contents of one volume to another volume.
COPYVOL d volutil: :VSCLOSE BSET a volutil: COPYVOL FROM=22 TO=42 volutil: :DSTAT c LDEV-TYPE --------21-079330 22-079330 23-079350 41-079330 42-079350 STATUS -----LONER LONER LONER LONER LONER VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) ------------------------BVOL1 (BSET-0) BVOL2 (BSET-0) BVOL6 (BSET-0) BVOL1 (BSET-2) BVOL2 (BSET-2) b 3. Use the DSTAT command to verify that the volume was copied. Caution 5-8 Mixing copied volumes with original volumes could have disastrous e ects.
DSECTORSVOL DSECTORSVOL The DSECTORSVOL command nds defective disk sectors and lists them in the bad sector table. Sectors in the bad sector table will be recovered at system startup or whenever a volume is mounted. Execute this command when you get read and write errors on the volume. Caution Use this command when there is no system activity and when the only user is the system manager. Task Finds defective sectors on a disk.
DSECTORSVOL d a volutil: :DSTAT ALL LDEV-TYPE --------1-079350 2-079350 21-079330 22-079330 23-079350 STATUS -----MASTER MEMBER MASTER MEMBER MEMBER VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) ------------------------MEMBER1 (MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET-0) MEMBER2 (MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET-0) BVOL1 (BSET-0) BVOL2 (BSET-0) BVOL6 (BSET-0) volutil: DSECTORSVOL MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET:MEMBER1 c 5-10 Volume Management Commands b
DO DO The DO command reexecutes a command from the command history stack. Refer to the LISTREDO and REDO commands in this chapter. Task Reexecutes a command from the command history stack. Capability No special capability required. Syntax DO [[CMD=]cmdid] Parameters cmdid Identi es a particular command in the command history stack. It can be one of the following: A relative command number (executes the n th number in the stack, starting with the most recent).
DO d volutil: LISTREDO 24) 25) 26) 27) 28) 29) 30) 31) 32) 33) c 5-12 a LIST REDO LISTREDO REDO 24 LIST REDO LISTREDO LIST REDO HELP HELP RECOVER HELP LISTREDO LISTREDO volutil: DO 30 Volume Management Commands b
EXIT EXIT The EXIT command terminates VOLUTIL and returns to the system prompt. Task Exits VOLUTIL. Capability No special capability required. Syntax EXIT Example This example shows how to exit VOLUTIL.
EXPANDCLASS The EXPANDCLASS command allows you to add additional volumes to an existing volume class. Task Adds volume(s) to an existing volume class. Capability CV, create mountable volume set Syntax EXPANDCLASS [CNAME=]sname:cname [VOLUMES=]( vname[[,vname]...])] Parameters The volume set containing the volume class to be expanded. The master volume of this set must be mounted in the MASTER state. Required. The existing volume class to be expanded. Required.
EXPANDCLASS 3. Verify the volumes that have been added. BVOL3 is not physically mounted, so it is shown as a member of the class that is not available. d a volutil: SHOWCLASS BSET:ENGR DSTATUS c Volume name: State: - - - - - - - BVOL1 MASTER BVOL2 MEMBER BVOL3 (VOLUME NOT ldev: Type: - - - - 21 079330 22 079330 AVAILABLE) Path: - - 8.0.4 8.0.
FORMATVOL The FORMATVOL command formats a disk pack (volume) to get it ready for initialization with the NEWSET, NEWVOL, or INITVOL commands . This command is needed only on rare occasions when an irrecoverable disk error has been detected. After it is formatted, the volume is in the UNKNOWN state. Caution FORMATVOL destroys all data on the speci ed volume. Task Formats a volume.
FORMATVOL 2. Use the VSCLOSE command to place the volume set in the LONER state. The VSCLOSE command is described in this chapter. Then use the DSTAT command to display the states of all the volumes. d c a volutil: :VSCLOSE BSET volutil: :DSTAT LDEV-TYPE --------21-079330 22-079350 23-079350 STATUS VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) ------- --------------------------LONER BVOL1 (BSET-0) LONER BVOL2 (BSET-0) LONER BVOL5 (BSET-0) b 3.
HELP The HELP command provides online information about the VOLUTIL commands. When used by itself, the command displays a list of available commands and a brief syntax of each command. When HELP is used with a command name (for example, HELP SHOWSET), HELP displays detailed information about the particular command, along with a detailed syntax diagram for the command and an example of its use. Task Displays online command information. Capability No special capability required.
HELP d a volutil:HELP NEWSET sname vname ldev [perm][trans][gen_number] [(cname[[,cname]...])] SHOWSET [sname] [ CLASSES | VOLUMES | SETINFO | DSTATUS | STORAGE [;FREE] [;PERM] [;TRANS] | LABELS [;MPEXL] | STRUCT ] COPYSET sname from_ldev to_ldev SETDEFAULTSET [sname] SHOWDEFAULTSET NEWCLASS sname:cname [(vname [[,vname]...])] EXPANDCLASS sname:cname (vname [[,vname]...
HELP d volutil: HELP SHOWSET a Description: The SHOWSET command is used to display information about a particular volume set. The master volume of the volume set must be mounted in the MASTER state as displayed by the DSTAT command.
INITVOL INITVOL The INITVOL command initializes a volume that was previously de ned by the NEWVOL command. If a volume was not mounted when the NEWVOL command was used without the ldev parameter, it was only de ned. When a volume is de ned only, the volume name, initial class assignments, and permanent and transient space allocations are recorded in the volume set information table (VSIT) of the volume set master.
INITVOL Example This example shows how to initialize a volume that the NEWVOL command previously de ned. 1. Use the INITVOL command to initialize BVOL6. 2. Use SHOWSET to display volume status. 3. Use DSTAT ALL to display that the volume is available. d a volutil: INITVOL BSET:BVOL6 LDEV=23 Verify: Initialize new member volume BSET:BVOL6 on ldev 23 [Y/N] ?Y Note: New member volume has been initialized on ldev 23.
LISTREDO LISTREDO The LISTREDO command displays the command history stack. The output order of the stack is from the oldest to the most recent command with command reference numbers preceding each command. The command reference number is used with the DO and REDO commands. Task Displays the command history stack. Capability No special capability required. Syntax LISTREDO Example This example shows how to list the command history stack by using the LISTREDO command.
LOG The LOG command allows the user to save in a le the dialog between the user and VOLUTIL that is displayed on the screen. Task Saves screen input and output to a le. Capability No special capability required. Syntax LOG [FILENAME=] lename Parameters Any valid le that has read and write access. If the le does not exist, it is created. Required. lename Example This example shows how to enable logging. 1. Use the LOG command to start logging all input and output to the le, logfilea. 2.
LOG 3. Use the LOG $STDLIST command to disable logging and close the log le. 4. You can now display the contents of logfilea by using the system PRINT command. If you log to the same le again, you will overwrite its contents.
NEWCLASS The NEWCLASS command adds a volume class to a volume set and optionally adds volumes to that class. You can create a class without assigning any volumes to it. However, if you wish to assign volumes, those volumes must be already de ned. Refer to the NEWVOL command. You can assign additional volumes to the class with the EXPANDCLASS command. Task Creates a new volume class. Capability CV, create mountable volume set Syntax NEWCLASS[CNAME=]sname:cname [VOLUMES=][(vname[[,vname]...
NEWCLASS d volutil: SHOWCLASS CNAME=BSET:ENGR INFO=VOLUMES Volume name: - - - - - BVOL1 a Index: - - 1 volutil: SHOWCLASS BSET:ENGR CLASSINFO Volume class index: 2 Number of volumes in class: 1 volutil: SHOWCLASS BSET:ENGR DSTATUS c Volume name: - - - - - BVOL1 State: - - MASTER ldev: - - 21 Type: - - 079330 Path: - - 8.0.
NEWSET The NEWSET command creates a new volume set by initializing the master of the volume set. Nonsystem volumes have only permanent space and should be set to 100 for percentperm . The volume master must be mounted in the SCRATCH or UNKNOWN state in order for the NEWSET command to initialize a new volume set. Task Creates a new volume set.
NEWSET Example d This example shows how to create a new volume set from a volume in either the UNKNOWN or SCRATCH state. 1. Use the DSTAT command to check the states of the volumes in the volume set. 2. Use the NEWSET command to create a new volume set, BSET. 3. Use the DSTAT command to verify that the new set was created.
NEWSET 4. Use the SHOWSET commands to display volume set information.
NEWSET d a volutil: SHOWSET SNAME=BSET INFO=LABELS Volume name: BSET:BVOL1 Initialization date: THU, OCT 15, 1987, 4:48 PM Volume type: 2 Member number: 1 Number in set: 1 Label Table Address: $00000500 MVT Address: $00000000 Free Space Map Address: $00000070 Cold Load ID: $00000000 Logical Volume ID: $05570001 Physical Volume ID: $05570001 volutil: SHOWSET SNAME=BSET INFO=STRUCT c Volumes in set: BSET BVOL1 Classes in set: BSET DISC Volumes in class: BSET:DISC BVOL1 b Volume Management Commands 5-3
NEWVOL The NEWVOL command adds a new member volume to an existing volume set. If you include the ldev parameter, then the command initializes the new volume. That is, the command can de ne a volume in the set without the volume being present online. De ning a volume means that an entry identifying the volume is put on the volume set information table (VSIT) on the master volume, but the volume will not be initialized or available to the system. The NEWVOL and INITVOL commands work together.
NEWVOL The class assigned to the new volume. The class must have been created previously with the NEWCLASS or NEWSET command. If this parameter is omitted, the volume will be assigned to the volume class DISC. Optional. cname Example This example shows how to add a volume to an existing volume set. 1. Before attempting to create a new volume, use the DSTAT ALL command to make certain the master volume of the volume set is in the MASTER state. 2.
NEWVOL d Volumes in class: BSET:XL_DATA a BVOL1 BVOL3 Volumes in class: BSET:DISC BVOL1 BVOL2 BVOL3 BVOL4 BVOL5 c b 3. Now add another volume to the set. For this example, the volume is not physically mounted, so it cannot be initialized. Since a class is not speci ed, the volumes are automatically added to the DISC class. 4. Use SHOWSET STRUCT to verify that the volume has been added.
NEWVOL d a Classes in set: BSET XL_DATA DISC Volumes in class: BSET:XL_DATA BVOL1 BVOL3 Volumes in class: BSET:DISC c Note BVOL1 BVOL2 BVOL3 BVOL4 BVOL5 *BVOL6 b The * indicates that the volume has been de ned but not initialized. Refer to the INITVOL command in this chapter.
RECOVER The RECOVER command recreates les from the output produced by DISCUTIL. Refer to chapter 4 for more information on recovering data. Task Copies les from tape that have been saved by the DISCUTIL utility. Capability SM, system manager Syntax RECOVER [;KEEP] [;NOKEEP] Parameters Files on the disk are not replaced by les of the same name on the tape. KEEP is the default. Optional. Replaces les on the disk with les of the same name on the tape. Optional.
REDO REDO The REDO command allows you to edit a command from the command history stack and then reexecute the command. Task Allows editing and reexecution of a command from the command history stack. Capability No special capability required. Syntax REDO [[CMD=]cmdid] Parameters cmdid Identi es a particular command in the command history stack. It can be one of the following: A relative command number (executes the n th number in the stack, starting with the most recent).
REDO d volutil: LISTREDO 24) LIST REDO 25) LISTREDO 26) REDO 24 27) LIST REDO 28) LISTREDO 29) LIST REDO 30) HELP 31) HELP RECOVER 32) HELP LISTREDO 33) LISTREDO a volutil: REDO 30 volutil: HELP c 5-38 Volume Management Commands b
SCRATCHVOL SCRATCHVOL The SCRATCHVOL command places a volume in the SCRATCH state. Although the data remains on the volume after the command scratches (erases) the volume, the user can consider the data deleted, unless the UNSCRATCHVOL command is issued to undo this command. The command is typically used to reinitialize a volume. The volume must be in the LONER state in order to be scratched. Task Deletes data on a volume.
SCRATCHVOL 3. Use the SCRATCHVOL command to place the volume in the SCRATCH state. 4. Use the DSTAT command to verify that the volume is in the SCRATCH state. d volutil: SCRATCHVOL 23 *Verify: Scratch volume on ldev 23 [Y/N]? Y *Note: Loner volume scratched on ldev 23.
SETDEFAULTSET SETDEFAULTSET The SETDEFAULTSET command sets the default volume set. The default volume set is normally the system volume set. When a command has the volume set name as a parameter, the user is free to select any available volume set. If the user does not select a volume set, the command selects the default volume set. Task Changes the default volume set. Capability No special capability required. Syntax SETDEFAULTSET [[SNAME=]sname] Parameters The new default volume set.
SHOWCLASS The SHOWCLASS command displays information about a volume class. Included in this information is a list of volumes that are members of the volume class and the amount of storage (permanent and transient) available in that volume class. The volume set containing the class must be mounted and online in order to obtain information about the class. Task Displays volume class information. Capability No special capability required.
SHOWCLASS Example The example on the following page shows how to display class information using the SHOWCLASS command with di erent parameters.
SHOWCLASS d a volutil: SHOWCLASS CNAME=BSET:XL_DATA Volume class index: 1 Number of volumes in class: 2 volutil: SHOWCLASS BSET:XL_DATA INFO=VOLUMES Volume name: ----------BVOL1 *BVOL3 Index: ----1 3 volutil: SHOWCLASS BSET:XL_DATA INFO=CLASSINFO Volume class index: 1 Number of volumes in class: 2 volutil: SHOWCLASS BSET:XL_DATA INFO=DSTATUS Volume name: ----------BVOL1 BVOL3 State: Ldev: -------MASTER 21 (VOLUME NOT AVAILABLE) Type: ---079330 Path: ---8.0.
SHOWDEFAULTSET SHOWDEFAULTSET The SHOWSET command displays the current default volume set. Task Displays the default volume set. Capability No special capability required. Syntax SHOWDEFAULTSET Parameters No special capability required. Example This example shows how to display the current default set using the SHOWDEFAULTSET command.
SHOWSET The SHOWSET command displays information about a particular volume set. The command shows all the classes and volumes that are members of the volume set. Also, it displays device, label, and other information about the volume set. Volume names preceded by an asterisk (*) have been de ned only and not initialized. Refer to the NEWVOL and INITVOL commands in this chapter. Task Displays volume set information. Capability No special capability required.
SHOWSET LABELS STRUCT Displays the contents of the volume label for those volumes of the set that are currently mounted and online. Optional. Displays a summary of the current structure or class/volume hierarchy for the speci ed set. Optional. Example d This example shows how to display set information using the SHOWSET command with di erent parameters.
SHOWSET d volutil: SHOWSET SNAME=BSET INFO=STRUCT a Volumes in set: BSET BVOL1 Classes in set: BSET DISC Volumes in class: BSET:DISC BVOL1 volutil: SHOWSET BSET INFO=VOLUMES Volume name: ----------BVOL1 c 5-48 Index: ----1 Volume Management Commands b
SHOWUSAGE SHOWUSAGE The SHOWUSAGE command displays disk space usage of a volume. Task Displays usage of a volume. Capability No special capability is required to execute this command.
SHOWUSAGE associated with the permanent space. Free and transient space are not shown in this format. The default is DETAIL. Optional. PERM, FREE, or The PERM, FREE, and TRANS option displays information about the volume's current permanent, free, and transient space. PERM, FREE, and TRANS space TRANS usage are displayed by default. MAX The MAX option is used to control the algorithm that searches for the contiguous space.
Examples Examples The following are examples on usage of the SHOWUSAGE command. 1. To display what les are on a LDEV 1 enter the following: volutil: SHOWUSAGE VOL=1 FORMAT=SUMMARY ;PERM PERM space on LDEV 1: FILE1.GROUP5.ACCT5 FILE2.GROUP1.ACCT1 FILE1.GROUP1.ACCT1 /dir/subdir1/subdir2/file1 FILE1.GROUP2.ACCT1 FILE2.GROUP2.ACCT1 /ACCT3/GROUP2/d1/f1 FILE3.GROUP2.ACCT4 2.
Examples 3. To display all les in the HFS (Hierarchical File System) syntax enter the following: volutil: SHOWUSAGE VOL=1 FORMAT=SUMMARY ;PERM ;PATH PERM space on LDEV 1: /ACCT5/GROUPS/FILE1 /ACCT1GROUP1/FILE2 /ACCT1/GROUP1/FILE1 /dir1/subdir1/subdir2/file1 /ACCT1/GROUP2/FILE1 /ACCT1/GROUP2/FILE2 /ACCT3/GROUP2/d1/f1 /ACCT4/GROUP2/FILE3 4.
Examples 5.
Examples FILE3.GROUP1.ACCTY Total sectors: 12032 FILEX.GROUPN.
SHOWVOL SHOWVOL The SHOWVOL command displays information about a volume in a volume set. It displays the classes of which the volume is a member; the available permanent, transient, and free space on the volume; volume label; and other information. The volume set containing the volume must be mounted and online in order for the SHOWVOL command to obtain information about the volume. Task Displays volume information. Capability No special capability required.
SHOWVOL Example d This example shows how to display volume information using the SHOWVOL command with di erent parameters.
UNSCRATCHVOL UNSCRATCHVOL The UNSCRATCHVOL command unscratches a volume that was previously scratched and is in the SCRATCH state. The only time you would use this command is when you have unintentionally scratched (erased) a volume that has necessary information on it. This command allows the user to undo the e ects of a SCRATCHVOL command. Task Removes a volume from the SCRATCH state. Capability CV, create mountable volume set.
USE The USE command processes VOLUTIL commands from a le of ASCII characters. The USE commands may be nested. File equations and backreferences are allowed. Task Processes VOLUTIL commands in an ASCII command le. Capability No special capability required. Syntax USE [FILENAME=] lename Parameters Any valid le for which you have READ access. lename . Required Example This example shows how to process VOLUTIL commands from a le. 1. Use an editor to create an ASCII le that contains VOLUTIL commands.
USE 2. Now that you have created the ASCII le showit, run VOLUTIL. 3. Use the PRINT command to examine your le. Do not forget the colon in front of the PRINT command, because it is a system command. d a :VOLUTIL Volume Utility A.00.00, (C) Hewlett-Packard Co., 1987. volutil: :PRINT SHOWIT c SHOWSET MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET CLASSES SHOWSET MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET VOLUMES SHOWSET MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET LABELS b 4. Now enter the USE command to process the le. All the commands in the le will execute.
USE d a volutil: SHOWSET MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET LABELS Volume name: MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET:MEMBER1 Initialization date: TUE, OCT 13, 1987, 10:18 AM Volume type: 0 Member number: 1 Number in set: 2 Label Table Address: $00000570 MVT Address: $00063F33 Free Space Map Address: $000000E0 Cold Load ID: $0000000D Logical Volume ID: $05570001 478A4AF5 Physical Volume ID: $05570001 478A Volume name: MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET:MEMBER2 Initialization date: TUE, OCT 13, 1987, 10:18 AM Volume type: 0 Member number: 1
VERIFYVOL VERIFYVOL The VERIFYVOL command veri es that the data on a disk pack can be read. All disk states can be veri ed. Caution This command should be used only when there is no system activity, because it is a disruptive command and takes the volume o ine for about 15 minutes while it veri es the media. Task Veri es that the data on a volume can be read.
VERIFYVOL d a volutil: :DSTAT ALL LDEV-TYPE --------1-079350 2-079350 21-079330 22-079350 23-079350 STATUS ------MASTER MEMBER MASTER MEMBER MEMBER VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) --------------------------MEMBER1 (MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET-0) MEMBER2 (MPEXL_SYSTEM_VOLUME_SET-0) BVOL1 (BSET-0) BVOL2 (BSET-0) BVOL6 (BSET-0) volutil: VERIFYVOL VOL=BSET:BVOL1 Verify: Verify media on ldev 21 [Y/N] ? Y Note: Media on ldev 21 passed verification.
System Volume Mounting Commands The following system commands can be used with volume management to notify the system that you want a volume set to remain physically mounted for a period of time. Refer to the MPE/iX Commands Reference Manual Volumes 1 and 2 (32650-90003 and 32650-90364) for more information on these commands. Table 5-2. System Volume Mounting Commands Command Task VMOUNT Enables/disables the MPE XL nonsystem volume facility. VSCLOSE Closes a speci ed volume set and takes it o ine.
VMOUNT The VMOUNT command is used by the operator to enable and disable the mountable (nonsystem) volume facility. At system startup the volume facility is enabled to automatically answer nonsystem volume requests, such as VSRESERVE and VSRESERVESYS. Without the AUTO parameter, the operator has to respond to the requests. Task Enables nonsystem volumes. Capability SM, system manager capability and can only be issued from the console.
VMOUNT 3. Enable the volume set facility by entering the VMOUNT command. d c :VMOUNT ON,AUTO a b 4. Verify that the volume sets can be accessed by opening a le on a volume set you know is online. Verify that it can be opened.
VSCLOSE The VSCLOSE command is used by the operator to put a volume set in the LONER state. If there are no les open in the volume set, the VSCLOSE command closes the set at that time. If there are les open, the volume set goes into a close-pending (CP) state. That means the set will be closed when the last le is closed. Closing takes the volume set o ine and puts the volumes in the LONER state. The volumes can now be removed from the system or deleted and reused.
VSCLOSE 3. Use DSTAT to verify that the volume set is still online. The CP* indicates a close pending state for the volume set. d a :VSCLOSE BSET VOLUME SET IN USE, CLOSE PENDING APPLIED TO VOLUME SET. (CIERR 10637) :DSTAT LDEV-TYPE --------21-079350 22-079350 23-079350 c STATUS --------CP*MASTER CP*MEMBER CP*MEMBER VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) -------------------------BVOL1 (BSET-0) BVOL2 (BSET-0) BVOL3 (BSET-0) b 4.
VSOPEN The VSOPEN command cancels a VSCLOSE command and places the volume set online. After a VSOPEN command is issued, the volume set is ready for use. A volume set is open unless explicitly closed by the VSCLOSE command. Task Places a previously closed volume set online. Capability SM, system manager capability and can only be issued from the console. Syntax VSOPEN volsetname Parameter The volume set that will be placed online. volsetname .
VSRELEASE VSRELEASE The VSRELEASE command allows the user to cancel the VSRESERVE command and release a volume set so that it can be taken o ine. Logging o the system also releases the volume set. If the volume set is not speci ed, then the home volume set of the user's logon group and account is used. Task Releases a volume set. Capability No special capability required. Syntax VSRELEASE [ volsetname ] Parameter The volume set that will be placed online.
VSRELEASESYS The VSRELEASESYS command allows the operator to cancel the VSRESERVESYS command and release a volume set to take it o ine. Negates the VSRESERVESYS command. Indicates that the system wide reservation of the volume set is no longer in e ect. It has no e ect on VSRESERVE commands issued by individual users on the system. Task Releases a volume set. Capability SM, system manager capability and can only be issued from the console.
VSRESERVE VSRESERVE The VSRESERVE command allows a user to reserve a speci ed volume set. This means that the volume set cannot be taken o ine by the operator. Whenever a user opens a le on a volume set, the system issues a VSRESERVE. When the user closes the le, the volume set is released and may be taken o ine. A VSRESERVE is usually issued when a user may be opening and closing les over a period of time and wants to make sure the volume set remains available.
VSRESERVE 3. Verify that the reserve has taken e ect by using the VSUSER command. d a :DSTAT LDEV-TYPE --------21-079350 22-079350 23-079350 STATUS -----MASTER MEMBER MEMBER VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) -------------------------BVOL1 (BSET-0) BVOL2 (BSET-0) BVOL3 (BSET-0) :VSRESERVE BSET :VSUSER c 5-72 VOLUME SET NAME --------------BSET Volume Management Commands JOBNUM -----#S6 JOBNAME ------(USER.
VSRESERVESYS VSRESERVESYS The VSRESERVESYS command is an operator command that reserves a volume set on a system-wide basis. Logging on and o does not cancel the reserve. This command can be used when the operator wants to stream several jobs that use les on the volume set. This system-wide reserve remains in e ect during the logging on and logging o of the jobs that use the volume set. Reserves the volume set for the entire system.
VSRESERVESYS 3. Verify that the set is reserved by attempting to close it. 4. Verify that the volume set is still online. The master/member status indicates that the set is online. d a :VSCLOSE BSET VSRESERVESYS (OR LMOUNT) IS IN EFFECT ON VOLUME SET.
VSUSER VSUSER The VSUSER command lists all users who have reserved a nonsystem volume set. It also displays the volume set name, job number, and the job names of all users currently performing a reserve function. Task Lists all users of a currently reserved nonsystem volume set. Capability No special capability required. Syntax VSUSER [volsetname] Parameter The volume set that will be kept online. volsetname Optional.
DISCUTIL Commands DISCUTIL is a standalone utility used to con gure devices and to save les to tape from disks that have failed, systems that have failed or directories that have become corrupted. The commands in Table 5-4 are available from DISCUTIL. All of the DISCUTIL commands are described in this section. Table 5-4. DISCUTIL Commands Command Task CONFIGURE Con gures additional devices. DISMOUNT Dismounts a disk volume making it inaccessible to DISCUTIL.
CONFIGURE CONFIGURE The CONFIGURE command adds new devices to the current con guration. DISCUTIL can use the device after it has been con gured. If the device is a disk, DISCUTIL tries to mount it. DISCUTIL automatically con gures the system console, the tape drive, and all master and member disks that were mounted at the time of the failure. Task Con gures devices. Capability No special capability required.
DISMOUNT The DISMOUNT command logically dismounts a volume. The volume entry corresponding to the speci ed LDEV is removed from the mounted volume table in DISCUTIL. For removable disk drives, a volume can be dismounted, then the media or disk pack on the corresponding LDEV can be powered o and removed. A new disk pack may then be mounted in the disk drive, powered on, and mounted with the MOUNT command. DISCUTIL then recognizes the new disk pack. Task Dismounts a disk.
DO DO The DO command reexecutes a command from the command history stack. Refer to the LISTREDO and REDO commands in this chapter. Task Reexecutes a command from the command history stack. Capability No special capability required. Syntax DO [[CMD=]cmdid] Parameters cmdid Identi es a particular command in the command history stack. It can be one of the following: A relative command number (executes the n th number in the stack, starting with the most recent).
DO d discutil> LISTREDO 24) 25) 26) 27) 28) 29) 30) 31) 32) 33) c 5-80 a LIST REDO LISTREDO REDO 24 LIST REDO LISTREDO LIST REDO HELP HELP RECOVER HELP LISTREDO LISTREDO discutil> DO 30 Volume Management Commands b
DSTAT DSTAT DSTAT displays disk information for all disks known to DISCUTIL. This information includes the LDEV where the volume is mounted, the type of volume, the volume set name, and volume name. Task Displays volume information. Capability No special capability required. Syntax DSTAT Example This example shows how to display disk information using the DSTAT command.
EXIT The EXIT command terminates DISCUTIL. Task Terminates DISCUTIL. Capability No special capability required. Syntax EXIT Example This example shows how to exit DISCUTIL using the EXIT command. d discutil> EXIT a END OF DISCUTIL/XL AUTO-REBOOT TO FOLLOW... c 5-82 AUTO-REBOOT IN PROGRESS...
HELP HELP This command provides online information about all available DISCUTIL commands. Task Lists DISCUTIL command information. Capability No special capability required. Syntax HELP [ [CMD=] cmdname] Parameter The command you want to nd out more about. cmdname Optional. Example This example shows how to list the DISCUTIL commands using the HELP command.
LISTREDO The LISTREDO command displays the command history stack. The output order of the stack is from the oldest to the most recent command with command reference numbers preceding each command. The command reference number is used with the DO and REDO commands. Task Displays the command history stack. Capability No special capability required. Syntax LISTREDO Example This example shows how to list the command history stack by using the LISTREDO command.
MOUNT MOUNT The MOUNT command mounts a disk volume making it accessible to DISCUTIL. If an LDEV represents a disk and the device is responding, DISCUTIL attempts to mount the volume. Once a new volume has been mounted, it is available to DISCUTIL. Only volumes that have been initialized as a volume MASTER or MEMBER can be mounted. Task Mounts a volume. Capability No special capability required.
MOUNT d a discutil>DSTAT LDEV-TYPE --------11-079350 12-079350 STATUS -----MEMBER MEMBER VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) -------------------------BVOL1 (BSET-0) BVOL2 (BSET-0) discutil> MOUNT 13 *Note: VOLUME MOUNTED ON LDEV 13 discutil>DSTAT c 5-86 LDEV-TYPE --------11-079350 12-079350 13-079350 STATUS -----MEMBER MEMBER MEMBER Volume Management Commands VOLUME (VOLUME SET - GEN) -------------------------BVOL1 (BSET-0) BVOL2 (BSET-0) BVOL3 (BSET-0) b
PDEV PDEV PDEV displays the volume set name, volume number, and device physical path for all the disks known to DISCUTIL. A disk becomes known to DISCUTIL either by the CONFIGURE command or when DISCUTIL is rst invoked. Task Displays information about all con gured disks. Capability No special capability required. Syntax PDEV Example This example shows how to display volume information. The volume number in the example below refers to the number of the volume in the volume set.
REDO The REDO command allows you to edit a command from the command history stack and then reexecute the command. Task Allows for editing and reexecution of a command from the command history stack. Capability No special capability required. Syntax REDO [[CMD=]cmdid] Parameters Identi es a particular command in the command history stack. It can be one of the following: A relative command number (executes the n th number in the stack, starting with the most recent).
REDO d c discutil> LISTREDO 24) LIST REDO 25) LISTREDO 26) REDO 24 27) LIST REDO 28) LISTREDO 29) LIST REDO 30) HELP 31) HELP RECOVER 32) HELP LISTREDO 33) LISTREDO discutil> REDO 30 a b Volume Management Commands 5-89
SAVE SAVE is used with the VOLUTIL RECOVER command for recovering disk les if there is a system failure, a directory corruption, or a disk becomes inaccessible to the operating system. The SAVE function retrieves the les from disk and copies them to magnetic tape for later recovery (via the VOLUTIL RECOVER command). For more information on VOLUTIL, refer to chapter 4, \Troubleshooting". Task Retrieves les from disk and copies them to tape. Capability No special capability required.
SAVE The SAVE command prompts you for a le set, LDEV, and modi cation date. d c ENTER FILE SET TO BE SAVED: MYFILE.JOHN.SMITH a b Use the lename.groupname.acctname syntax where: lename is the le designator The le(s) must reside on a disk available when DISCUTIL was started or one that was made available with the DISCUTIL CONFIGURE command. is an optional group designator. is an optional account designator.
SAVE Enter a volume set name if you want SAVE to search for le(s) on a particular volume set. Use the PDEV command to determine valid volume set names. Press 4Return5 to indicate you want SAVE to search all disks for the le(s). 5. The SAVE command prompts you for a modi cation date. d c a ENTER THE MODIFICATION DATE (MM/DD/YYYY):07/01/1986 b Only les modi ed since this date are saved to tape.
SHOWDEV SHOWDEV SHOWDEV displays information about con gured devices. Task Displays information about con gured devices. Capability No special capability required. Syntax SHOWDEV Example This example shows how to display information about con gured devices using the SHOWDEV command. d c a discutil> SHOWDEV 1 DISC 4 TERMINAL 7 TAPE 17 DISC 18 DISC 19 DISC 8.0.0 8.1.3 8.2.3 8.0.1 8.0.2 8.0.
TAPE The TAPE command displays the current tape drive's logical device number (LDEV) or selects another tape drive as the current tape drive. If the LDEV parameter is omitted, the current tape drive's LDEV is displayed. If the LDEV parameter is supplied, that LDEV becomes the current tape drive. The LDEV must have been con gured as a tape drive. Task Displays the current tape drive's LDEV or selects another LDEV as the current tape drive. Capability No special capability required.
UNCONFIG UNCONFIG UNCONFIG uncon gures a currently con gured device. This command is used dynamically to remove a device from the system's con guration. This releases the corresponding LDEV and physical path, making them available for reassignment with the CONFIGURE command. Task Uncon gures a device. Capability No special capability required. Syntax UNCONFIG [LDEV=] ldev Parameter The logical device number of the device to be uncon gured. ldev Required.
6 VOLUTIL/DISCUTIL Program (dialog,shell,discutil,volutil) VOLUTIL Messages dialog 1 MESSAGE *Error: Unexpected error returned from execution of FFILEINFO intrinsic. (dialog 1) 2 MESSAGE *Error: Unable to close INPUT file. (dialog 2) 3 MESSAGE *Error: Unable to close OUTPUT file. (dialog 3) 4 MESSAGE *Error: Unexpected error occurred during INPUT file input/output. (dialog 4) 5 MESSAGE *Error: Unexpected error occurred during OUTPUT file input/output.
9 MESSAGE *Error: Unexpected error from execution of FGETINFO intrinsic. (dialog 9) 10 MESSAGE *Error: File type not ASCII. (dialog 10) 11 MESSAGE *Error: Invalid file record size. (dialog 11) 12 MESSAGE *Error: Unexpected error from execution of PRINTOPREPLY intrinsic. (dialog 12) 13 MESSAGE *Error: End-of-file encountered on OUTPUT file. (dialog 13) 14 MESSAGE *Error: End-of-file encountered on INPUT file. (dialog 14) 15 MESSAGE *Error: End-of-file encountered on $STDLIST.
3 MESSAGE *Error: Invalid parameter length. (shell 3) 4 MESSAGE *Error: Command history stack is empty. (shell 4) 5 MESSAGE *Error: Command not found in command history stack. (shell 5) 6 MESSAGE *Error: Invalid parameter length or composition. (shell 6) 7 MESSAGE *Error: Unrecognized command. (shell 7) 8 MESSAGE *Error: GET_NAME error. (shell 8) 9 MESSAGE *Error: This command has no associated functionality. (shell 9) 10 MESSAGE *Error: Error in accessing message catalog.
17 MESSAGE *Error: Invalid key option specified for set command. (shell 17) 18 MESSAGE *Error: Command only valid in interactive mode. (shell 18) 19 MESSAGE *Error: Subsys !, Info: !. (shell 19) 20 MESSAGE *Error: Invalid command edit operation. (shell 20) MESSAGE *Error: Volume already exists. (volutil 53) CAUSE ACTION When you entered the NEWVOL command, you speci ed a volume name that already exists.
71 72 MESSAGE *Error: Mirrored volumes must be specified as a pair. (volutil 71) CAUSE ACTION Only one volume was speci ed in NEWMIRRSET or NEWMIRRVOL. Specify correct number of disks. MESSAGE *Error: Mirrored volumes must be unique. (volutil 72) CAUSE LDEV's speci ed a duplicate number. Specify a unique LDEV. ACTION 73 MESSAGE *Error: Cannot add mirrored volumes to non-mirrored volume set. (volutil 73) CAUSE Mirrored volumes cannot be added to a non-mirrored volume set.
78 MESSAGE *Error: Illegal replace. Mirrored partner is not available. (volutil 78) CAUSE REPLALCEMIRRVOL was issued but good volume was not mounted as MEMBER or MASTER. Verify that volume used is good. ACTION 79 MESSAGE *Error: Mirrored volume must be in pending state. (volutil 79) CAUSE The volume speci ed in the SUSPENDMIRROR command was not in a pending state. Be sure speci ed volume is pending before issuing command. ACTION 80 MESSAGE *Error: Command not supported for mirrored volume sets.
87 MESSAGE *Error: Volume set close failed during join. (volutil 87) CAUSE SOURCE=BACKUP was speci ed for the join and it failed. One of the reasons could be that users are still logged onto the destination volume set. The JOINMIRRSET command with SOURCE=BACKUP was speci ed, and one or more backup volumes are missing. Log o all users from the volume set and retry the JOINMIRRSET. If SOURCE=USER was speci ed and this message is seen, a split-volume backup is taking place on the backup volumes.
133 MESSAGE *Error: Recover aborted because of tape error. (volutil 133) 134 MESSAGE *Error: Recover aborted because of tape positioning error. (volutil 134) 135 MESSAGE *Error: Recover aborted because of file closing error. (volutil 135) 136 MESSAGE *Error: Recover aborted by user. (volutil 136) 137 MESSAGE *Error: Recover aborted because of incorrect capability. (volutil 137) MESSAGE *Error: Destination volume on ldev ! not mounted in valid state. MESSAGE *Error: Invalid response.
MESSAGE DISCUTIL HAS ENCOUNTERED A TAPE ERROR: REWINDING TAPE MESSAGE END OF TAPE #NN; PLEASE WAIT MESSAGE ENTER "HELP" FOR A LIST OF VALID COMMANDS MESSAGE ERROR - CONFIGURATION INFO FOR LDEV NN IS NOT VALID MESSAGE ERROR - ENCOUNTERED A MISSING VOLUME; UNABLE TO CONTINUE SAVING FILE MESSAGE ERROR - FOUND UNEXPECTED VOLUME ON LDEV NN; UNABLE TO CONTINUE SAVING FILE MESSAGE ERROR - LABEL TABLE CORRUPTED ON LDEV NN; UNABLE TO CONTINUE ON THIS LDEV MESSAGE ERROR - LABEL TABLE OFFSET MISMATCH IN
MESSAGE ERROR - UNABLE TO READ THE LABEL TABLE ON LDEV NN MESSAGE ERROR - UNABLE TO READ THE LABEL TABLE; SKIPPING TO NEXT LABEL MESSAGE ERROR - UNABLE TO REWIND TAPE ON LDEV NN MESSAGE ERROR - UNABLE TO SET TAPE DENSITY ON LDEV NN MESSAGE LAST FILE ON PREVIOUS TAPE WILL BE RESAVED MESSAGE MOUNT TAPE #NN MESSAGE PRESS RETURN WHEN THE TAPE IS READY MESSAGE SAVE FOR LDEV NN HAS BEEN ABORTED MESSAGE SAVE WILL RESTART WITH TAPE NN; MOUNT A TAPE MESSAGE TAPE DENSITY SET TO DDDD ON LDEV NN MES
MESSAGE WARNING - "XXXX" IS NOT A VALID DISCUTIL COMMAND; LDEV NN IS A PRINTER MESSAGE WARNING - LDEV NN IS NOT VALID MESSAGE WARNING - NO LDEVS HAVE BEEN SELECTED FOR SAVING MESSAGE WARNING - THE FILE SET ENTERED IS NOT VALID MESSAGE WARNING - THE MODIFICATION DATE ENTERED IS NOT VALID MESSAGE WARNING - THE TAPE DRIVE DOOR ON LDEV NN IS OPEN MESSAGE WARNING - THE TAPE DRIVE ON LDEV NN IS OFFLINE MESSAGE WARNING - THE TAPE ON LDEV NN DOES NOT HAVE A WRITE ENABLE RING MESSAGE WARNING - THE T
Index A access disk, 3-20 account creating, 3-14 level security, 3-14 structure, 3-14 adding volumes to a class, 3-9, 5-14 example, 3-9 adding volumes to a volume set, 3-6, 5-32 example, 3-6 ALTACCT command system, 3-21 ALTERVOL command VOLUTIL, 5-2 ALTGROUP command system, 3-21 ASCII le executing VOLUTIL commands from, 5-58 B backup les, 1-1 batch processing, 1-2 boot system, 1-2 building les, 3-19 C capabilities, 3-14 creating an account, 3-14 changing current tape drive, 5-94 changing default volume s
nonsystem, 3-14 system, 3-14 DISCFREE utility, 5-4 DISCUTIL error handling, 4-5 exiting, 4-6 getting help, 5-83 invoking, 4-1 mounting a disk volume, 5-85 starting, 4-1 tape command message, 5-94 tasks, 5-76 terminating, 4-6, 5-82 DISCUTIL commands, 3-1, 5-1, 5-76 CONFIGURE , 5-77 DISMOUNT , 5-78 DO, 5-79 DSTAT, 5-81 EXIT, 5-82 HELP, 5-83 LISTREDO, 5-84 MOUNT, 5-85 PDEV, 5-87 REDO, 5-88 SAVE, 5-90 SAVE, 4-2, 4-4 SHOWDEV, 5-93 TAPE, 5-94 UNCONFIG, 5-95 DISCUTIL utility, 4-1 disk access, 3-20 changing space a
H hardware additional, 2-3 HELP command DISCUTIL, 5-83 VOLUTIL, 5-18 I initializing a master volume, 3-5 a nonsystem volume set, 3-5 a system master volume, 3-5 a system volume set, 3-5 a volume, 3-6, 5-21 volume restriction, 3-6 INITVOL command, 3-7 VOLUTIL, 5-21, 5-32 invoking DISCUTIL, 4-1 invoking VOLUTIL, 3-2 ISL, 4-2 prompt, 4-1 L label table le, 5-2 LDEV 1 system volume master, 5-2 listing available DISCUTIL commands, 5-83 command history stack in DISCUTIL, 5-84 default volume set, 5-45 the comman
R recognizing a new disk, 5-78 recognizing a volume set, 3-3, 3-5, 3-8, 3-20 RECOVER command VOLUTIL, 4-2, 4-6, 5-36, 5-90 recovering data, 4-1 recovering deleted data on a volume, 5-57 recovering from a bad tape, 4-6 recreating disk les, 4-6 recreating les from DISCUTIL, 4-6 REDO command DISCUTIL, 5-88 VOLUTIL, 5-37 reexecuting a command DISCUTIL, 5-79 VOLUTIL, 5-11 removable disks, 1-3 REPORT command, 3-18 system, 3-21 RESTORE command, 3-10 restoring les, 4-2 restoring les from tape, 5-36 restoring saved
tasks adding volumes to a class, 5-14 adding volumes to a volume set, 5-32 changing default volume set, 5-41 changing disk space allocation, 5-2 con guring devices, 5-77 copying volumes, 5-7 copying volume sets, 5-5 creating a volume class, 5-26 creating a volume set, 5-28 deleting data on a volume, 5-39 detecting defective disk sectors, 5-9 DISCUTIL, 5-76 dismounting a volume, 5-78 displaying command history stack in DISCUTIL, 5-84 displaying con gured device information, 5-93 displaying current tape drive
tasks, see also tasks, 3-1 volume management bene ts e cient use of resources, 1-1, 1-2 high data availability, 1-1, 1-2 improved security, 1-1, 1-2 reduced downtime, 1-1, 1-2 volume management preparation additional hardware installation, 2-1 disk con guration, 2-1 disk space plan, 2-1 invoking VOLUTIL, 2-1 volume management task adding a volume to a class, 3-1 adding volumes, 3-1 creating accounts and groups, 3-1 creating a nonsystem volume set, 3-1 creating volume classes, 3-1 displaying volume status, 3
system, 5-63, 5-69 VSRELEASESYS command system, 5-63, 5-70 VSRESERVE command system, 5-71 VSRESERVESYS command system, 5-63, 5-73 VSUSER command system, 5-63, 5-75 W writing data to a volume, 3-3 Index-7
