Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.
Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager Install Synology NAS and DSM............................................................................................................................................. 8 Sign into DSM .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 DiskStation Manager Desktop .........................
Manage External Drives ....................................................................................................................................................... 31 Chapter 6: Manage iSCSI Service Manage iSCSI Targets ......................................................................................................................................................... 32 Manage iSCSI LUNs..........................................................................................................
Install or Buy Packages ........................................................................................................................................................ 62 Chapter 14: Communicate with Mobile Devices Manage DSM Settings with DSM mobile ........................................................................................................................... 63 Use iOS, Android, and Windows Apps .........................................................................................
Chapter Chapter 1: Introduction Congratulations on your purchase of Synology NAS. Synology NAS is a multi-functional Network-Attached Storage server, serving as a file-sharing center within your Intranet.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Organize Videos with Video Station Video Station allows you to organize your collection of movies, TV shows, and home videos into a media platform on which you can watch and play video clips, live stream and record digital TV programs with a USB DTV dongle plugged into your Synology NAS, view and edit video metadata whose information is retrieved automatically from the Internet. You can also stream videos to your iPhone or iPad for playback.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Online Resources If you cannot find what you need here, please see DSM Help or take a look at Synology's online resources below. Knowledge Base: https://www.synology.com/knowledgebase Forum: https://forum.synology.com/ Download Center: https://www.synology.com/support/download Technical Support: https://account.synology.com/support/support_form.
Chapter Chapter 2: Get Started with Synology DiskStation Manager This chapter explains how to sign into Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM), customize your desktop, use the taskbar and widgets, and open applications and packages with the Main Menu. Install Synology NAS and DSM For more information about setting up Synology NAS and installing DSM, see the Hardware Installation Guide for your Synology NAS model available at Synology’s Download Center.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 DiskStation Manager Desktop When you sign into DSM, you will see the desktop. From here, you can start getting things done, like manage settings, use packages, or view notifications. Desktop The desktop is where your application and package windows are displayed. You can also create desktop shortcuts to frequently used applications.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 9 Widgets: Show or hide widgets. 10 Pilot View: See a preview of all open application and package windows. Enable this button at Options > Personal > Others. Widgets Widgets display various types of system information related to your Synology NAS. To open/close the widget panel: Click Widgets to show or hide the widgets panel. Click the + to select which widgets to display. You can choose from the following: Backup: View the status of your backup tasks.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Open Applications and Packages with Main Menu The Main Menu (the button at the top-left of the desktop) is where you can find all the applications and packages you have installed from Package Center on your Synology NAS. To open applications or packages: Open Main Menu and click the icon of the application or package that you want to open. To reorder icons: Open Main Menu and drag an icon to any position you want.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Shutdown, Restart, Logout, or Manage Personal Settings Click the Options menu (the person-shaped icon at the top right) to shutdown, restart, logout, or manage your personal account settings. To manage personal settings: Select Personal from the drop-down menu to manage personal account settings, like password, 2-step verification, desktop, etc.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Account Under Account, you can edit your account settings, enable 2-step verification, and view recent login activity of your DSM account. Limitations: The user description is case sensitive and can be 0 to 64 displayable Unicode characters. The password is case sensitive and should be 0 to 127 displayable characters, including letters, numbers, signs, and space. 2-Step Verification 2-step verification provides improved security for your DSM account.
Chapter Chapter 3: Modify System Settings After you have connected to Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) and learned how to access its functions and customize its appearance, users belonging to the administrators group can begin to modify basic settings. This chapter explains the basics of modifying network settings, display languages, time, and energy saving features. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Change Network Settings Go to Control Panel > Network to configure network settings and connect your Synology NAS device to the Internet. You can also manage traffic control rules to adjust the outgoing traffic allowed when clients access services on your Synology NAS. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Join Wireless Network1 At Control Panel > Wireless, you can connect your Synology NAS device to a wireless network, or create a wireless hotspot to share its Internet connection with other devices wirelessly. Also, you can manage Bluetooth adapters and connect Bluetooth devices to your Synology NAS. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Modify Regional Options Go to Control Panel > Regional Options to configure the following regional options.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Applications that convert non-Unicode strings to Unicode, such as FTP service, UPnP support, music metadata indexing NTP Service Click the NTP Service tab to have your Synology NAS serve as a network time server to synchronize time between different network devices and the Synology NAS over network. Note: The NTP service is required for Surveillance Station and Synology High Availability.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 General Click the General tab to enable power recovery, Wake on LAN (WOL) 1 and Memory Compression. You can also modify beep control and fan speed mode here. Power Schedule1 Click the Power Schedule tab to start up or shut down automatically at a specified time. HDD Hibernation Click the HDD Hibernation tab to manage drive hibernation for all internal or external drives on your Synology NAS.
Chapter Chapter 4: Perform Advanced Management Tasks Synology DiskStation Manager comes with a variety of management functions, allowing you to check system information, monitor system resources, manage notification services, restore or upgrade DSM, access applications with independent login, index multimedia files for applications and more. This chapter explains how to comprehend advanced management functions to make sure your Synology NAS is providing the best performance.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 General Under the General tab, you can see the basic information about your Synology NAS, including serial number, model name, amount of physical memory, DSM version, time information, thermal status, and external devices. Network Under the Network tab, you can view the status of network configuration and network interfaces. Storage Under the Storage tab, you can check the free or used space of your Synology NAS volumes and check the status of the hard drives.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Monitor System Resources Resource Monitor allows you to monitor the CPU usage, memory usage, disk utilization and network flow. You can choose to monitor in real time or view previous data. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Analyze System Usage Storage Analyzer is an add-on package that allows you to quickly view overall usage trends of your Synology NAS, create tasks to analyze storage spaces, and generate detailed reports on volume usage.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Scan System Settings Security Advisor allows you to check and scan your DSM settings for any suspicious activities that may present security risks. For detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Deploy High-Availability Solution High Availability Manager allows you to form two servers into a “high-availability cluster”, in which one assumes the role of the active server while the other acts as the passive server.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Automate Tasks Go to Control Panel > Task Scheduler to schedule and run services or scripts at pre-defined times. You can create and manage tasks to automatically run user-defined scripts, empty shared folder recycle bins, or start and stop certain services. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Receive Event Notifications At Control Panel > Notification, you can set your Synology NAS to send notifications when specific events or errors occur, notifying you via email, SMS, web browsers (Safari/Chrome), or mobile devices. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Reinstall Synology NAS If you want to reinstall your Synology NAS without losing its data, you can use the RESET button on the back panel. To reinstall Synology NAS: 1 Press and hold the RESET button for about 4 seconds until the Synology NAS emits a beep sound. 2 Within the next 10 seconds, press and hold RESET button for about 4 seconds until the Synology NAS emits a beep sound.
Chapter Chapter 5: Manage Storage Space Before taking advantage of the various features of your Synology NAS, you need to set up at least one storage space. This chapter explains how Storage Manager can help you manage different types of RAID and non-RAID storage spaces such as storage pools and volumes, as well as view the status of installed drives. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Create Volumes on Models with Quick Creation Mode For Synology NAS models supporting the quick creation mode, you can create both a volume and a storage pool at the same time. 1 Go to Storage Manager > Volume and click Create. Then choose either of the following methods: Method Description This is the best option for beginners.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 RAID Type HDD # Allowed Failed HDD # RAID 10 ≧4 1 HDD within each RAID 1 group / Half of the total HDD RAID 10 has the performance of RAID 0 and data protection level of RAID 1. RAID 10 combines two hard drives into a RAID 1 group, and combines all the groups with RAID 0. (HDD # / 2) x (Smallest HDD size) 1 RAID F1 implements block-level striping with parity data distributed across all member drives.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Expand Volumes and Storage Pools The storage capacity of volumes and storage pools can be gradually expanded by installing more or larger hard drives. This feature allows you to expand the capacity of your volume and storage pool according to your budget and with no need to worry about losing any existing data. The sections below provide basic information regarding expanding volumes and storage pools. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 RAID/File System Scrubbing RAID/file system scrubbing is a data maintenance function that inspects storage pools and repairs any detected data inconsistencies. RAID scrubbing can be used with storage pools that implement SHR (comprised of three or more drives), RAID 5, RAID 6, or RAID F1. File system scrubbing can be used with volumes in Btrfs file system.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 SSD Cache SSD cache 1 drives can be installed and mounted in a read-only (RAID 0) or read-write (RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6) configuration to boost the read/write speed of a volume. You can create a cache and view related information at Storage Manager > SSD Cache. Please refer to the Hardware Installation Guide of your Synology NAS for information regarding SSD installation.
Chapter Chapter 6: Manage iSCSI Service iSCSI (Internet Small Computer System Interface) is a type of storage area networking (SAN) service that provides access to consolidated, block level data storage. The main use of iSCSI is to facilitate data transfers over intranets, allowing users to manage storage over long distances. The chapter provides basic information on how to manage your iSCSI service with iSCSI Manager. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Manage iSCSI LUNs An iSCSI LUN (logical unit number) represents an individually addressable portion of an iSCSI Target. An iSCSI LUN can be mapped to multiple iSCSI Targets to perform storage operations such as read or write. Go to iSCSI Manager and click the LUN tab to manage iSCSI LUNs on your Synology NAS. The maximum number of iSCSI LUNs varies depending on the model. For more detailed instructions and limitations, please see DSM Help.
Chapter Chapter 7: Access your Synology NAS from the Internet You can connect to your Synology NAS over the Internet, allowing its services to be accessible from anywhere and anytime. This chapter explains the basics regarding using the Synology EZ-Internet wizard, advanced port forwarding functions, and DDNS hostname registration to connect your Synology NAS to the Internet. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Set Up Port Forwarding Rules for Router If your Synology NAS is within the local network, you can set up port forwarding rules for the router to allow your Synology NAS to be accessible over the Internet. Note: Before you start, make sure you have manually assigned a static IP address for your Synology NAS. See "Network Interface" for more information. Go to Control Panel > External Access > Router Configuration to set up your router and port forwarding rules.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Access DSM Services via QuickConnect QuickConnect is a solution that helps client applications (such as DS file, Cloud Station utilities, DS audio, etc.) connect to your Synology NAS via the Internet without setting up port forwarding rules. Go to Control Panel > QuickConnect to manage the QuickConnect service. For more details regarding QuickConnect, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Set Up VPN Connection VPN Server is an add-on package that enables your Synology NAS to become a PPTP, OpenVPN, or L2TP/IPSec VPN (virtual private network) server, allowing DSM local users over the Internet to access resources shared within local area network of the Synology NAS. Set up your Synology NAS as a VPN Server To install VPN Server on your Synology NAS, go to Package Center.
Chapter Chapter 8: Enhance Internet Security After your Synology NAS is available on the Internet, you will need to safeguard it against any attacks from Internet hackers. This chapter explains how to set up firewall, enable DoS protection and enable auto block. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Prevent Unauthorized Connection with Firewall The built-in firewall can prevent unauthorized logins, and control which services can be accessed.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Automatically Block Suspicious Login Attempts Auto block allows you to prevent unauthorized login. After enabling the service, an IP address will be blocked if it has too many failed login attempts. Go to Control Panel > Security > Account to create and manage your block list and allow list.
Chapter Chapter 9: Set Up File Sharing Synology NAS can become the file sharing center within the local network or over the Internet, allowing users to access its files anytime and anywhere. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. This chapter explains how to enable the support for file sharing protocols for all platforms, create and manage users and groups, set up shared folders, and allow or deny access to the shared folders, applications or subfolders from specific users or groups.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Join Synology NAS to Domain/LDAP Go to Control Panel > Domain/LDAP to join your Synology NAS to a directory service as a Windows domain or LDAP client. When the Synology NAS is joined to a directory service, you can manage domain/LDAP users' access privileges to shared folders and DSM applications and enable their home service.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Host LDAP Service with Directory Server Directory Server is an add-on package based on LDAP version 3 (RFC2251) that allows your Synology NAS to become an account administration center to centralize the account management of all connecting clients, and provides authentication service for them. In addition, with G Suite Single Sign-On support, Directory Server can become an identity provider for your Google Apps domain.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Manage Users and Groups Go to Control Panel > User or Group to create users or groups, and allow or deny their access to different shared folders. Create Users Click Create to create a user account. The user can log in to edit his/her account info after the user account has been established. You can also choose to set an account expiration date or disallow the user to change account password.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Create User's Home Folder Each DSM user (except for guest) can have his/her own folder called the home folder, which is accessible only by the user and the system administrator. Click User Home to enable user home service. For users belonging to the administrators group, DSM users’ home folders are here: homes/[Username] Note: When the user home service is disabled, the homes folder will be kept but accessible by users belonging to the administrators group only.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Set Up Shared Folders Go to Control Panel > Shared Folder to manage the shared folders, which are the root folders of Synology NAS. You can store data in the shared folders and share them with users or groups with access privileges.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Built-in Shared Folders Created by the System System built-in shared folders are created when the services or applications requiring the folders are enabled. Name Description Chat The Chat folder contains attachments in the application, including uploaded files, URL thumbnails, and profile pictures. It will be created automatically when Chat is installed. web The web folder contains contents of your website.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Encrypt a Shared Folder When creating a shared folder, you can choose to encrypt it. 1 After a folder is encrypted, you can use the Encryption drop-down menu to mount/unmount the folder or export the encryption key. The AES 256-bit encryption can block off all unauthorized access attempts. Without the encryption key, other people will not be able to use the encrypted data even if they remove the hard drives from your Synology NAS and mount it on their device.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Allow Users or Groups to Access Shared Folders At Control Panel > Shared Folder, select a shared folder and click Edit > Permissions to allow or deny users' or groups' access to a shared folder. Allow Linux Clients to Access Shared Folders At Control Panel > Shared Folder, select a shared folder and click Edit > NFS Permissions to assign NFS permissions to any shared folder, allowing Linux clients to access it.
Chapter Chapter 10: Access Files from Anywhere When you have set up users or groups with proper access privileges to the shared folders, they can share their files with your Synology NAS from anywhere. This chapter explains the ways to access the Synology NAS shared folders within the local network or over the Internet. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Access Shared Folders from Mac Choose Go > Connect to Server from the menu bar. Type the IP address or name (appended with .local) of the Synology NAS preceded by smb:// or afp:// in the Server Address field and click Connect. (e.g. smb://EricaWang.local or afp://192.168.0.2) Note: For better performance, it is recommended that you connect to the shared folders via SMB. Select the shared folder you want to access.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Access Files via FTP If your Synology NAS is accessible over the Internet, you can use an FTP application to access the shared folders. Note: For more information about making Synology NAS accessible over the Internet, see "Chapter 7: Access your Synology NAS from the Internet". Go to Control Panel > File Services > FTP to enable FTP service, allowing users to upload or download Synology NAS data via FTP.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Access Files via WebDAV By enabling WebDAV or CalDAV, you can remotely manage and edit files or calendars stored on the Synology NAS. Go to Package Center to install the WebDAV package and to enable its services. Access and Synchronize Files via Synology Drive Synology Drive provides a unified portal for all the files stored on your Synology NAS.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Access Files via File Station File Station is DSM's file management tool, allowing DSM users over the Internet to access the Synology NAS folders with their web browsers, or transfer files to another WebDAV/FTP server. 1 By launching two or more File Stations, you can manage all your Synology NAS data by dragging and dropping them between different File Stations.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Search for Files or Folders You can type keywords in the Search field at the top-right corner of File Station to filter through files or folders in the current folder. Additionally, you can also perform advanced search in the Advanced Search panel for more refined search results. Note: For quicker search result, it is recommended that you index shared folder contents. See "Index Shared Folder Contents" for more information.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 also receive notifications. Whether or not they possess a DSM account, they can follow the link to download the selected file or folder. Send Files as Email Attachments You can directly send and share files as email attachments. Simply right-click selected files and then select Send as email attachments.
Chapter Chapter 11: Back Up Data Synology offers comprehensive backup solutions for your computer and Synology NAS, allowing you to back up data on your computer to Synology NAS. If you are a user belonging to the administrators group, you can also back up the Synology NAS data with local or network backup, or sync shared folder contents between Synology NAS. The creative Copy button simplifies external storage devices backup with One-touch design.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Back Up Data or iSCSI LUN on Synology NAS With Hyper Backup, users belonging to the administrators group can perform backup tasks, restore files, and sync shared folders from one Synology NAS to various types of destinations based on their needs. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Chapter Chapter 12: Host Websites and Print Server Synology NAS is designed for small and medium businesses (SMB), providing the ability to set up web and print servers on a single Synology NAS without spending extra money. This chapter provides basic information regarding these features. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Use Web Station to Host Websites Go to Package Center to install the Web Station package to set up your website, which is integrated with support for PHP and MySQL.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Modify HTTP Service Options In addition to the default port number 80, you can add another port for the use of Photo Station and Web Station. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help. Manage PHP Settings After you have enabled Web Station, you can click the PHP Settings tab to configure PHP related settings. For more detailed instructions, please see DSM Help.
Chapter Chapter 13: Discover Various Applications with Package Center Synology has integrated third party or Synology-designed applications into packages that can be installed on Synology NAS and managed with Package Center.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Chat Chat is an instant messaging service running on Synology NAS that allows you to send and receive important messages anytime via a web page, the desktop application, or the mobile app, helping your business create a safe and private instant conversation environment with ease.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 Office Office is a web-based application that allows you to create working documents, spreadsheets, and slides easily and efficiently with professional editing tools. Office synchronizes and saves files instantly to ensure data security as team members collaborate to enhance productivity.
Chapter Chapter 14: Communicate with Mobile Devices As Internet access grows popular on mobile devices, Synology provides you with several creative alternatives to communicate with your Synology NAS using iOS/Android, Windows Phone, or other mobile devices. Manage DSM Settings with DSM mobile DSM mobile allows DSM users belonging to the administrators group to manage DSM settings and check DSM information with the web browser of an iOS (iPhone, iPad or iPod touch), Android device, or Windows Phone.
Synology NAS User's Guide Based on DSM 6.2 DS cloud DS cloud is the mobile counterpart to Synology's Cloud Station Server and allows you to easily sync folders between an iOS/Android device and Synology NAS. DS file DS file allows you to access and manage files on your Synology NAS with an iOS/Android device or Windows Phone.
Troubleshooting For any questions about managing your DSM, go to DSM Help or click the Help button (with a question mark) at the top-right corner of every window. For any questions other than that, please visit the Synology Knowledge Base website at help.synology.com for further assistance.
