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CONTENTS------------------------------------~ FOREWORD ... ....... ... .. ... ..... ....... ................... ..... ....... .... .......... 4 USABLE TTL AUTO FLASH ACCORDING TO NOTES ............ ..... .... ..... .... ....... ............... ... .... .... ....... ... ........... 5 LENS/EXPOSURE MODE/METERING SYSTEM NOMENCLATURE ................. ......................... ....... .. ........ .... 6 -8 COMBINATION ... ............................................................
AUTOFOCUS FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY (with Nikon F4, F·801/N8008, F·501/N2020 or F·401s/N4004s) " ... ". 64·65 NON·TTL AUTO FLASHFor Shooting with Varied Lens Apertures ................. 66-68 EXPOSURE COMPENSATION IN NON-TTL AUTO HASH MODE .................. .. .... ..... ...... ..... ... ..... ...... 68 USABLE APERTURES/SHOOTING DISTANCE RANGE IN TTL AND NON·TTL AUTO FLASH MODES ............ .. . 69 MANUAL FLASH-You Make All The Decisions .... ...... 70-76 SYNCHRONIZATION IN CONTINUOUS SHOOTING ...........
FOREWORDI~~~~~-------------------------Thank you for purchasing the Nikon Autofocus 8peedlight 88-24. Used together with Nikon's newest 8LR models (F4, F-801/N8008, F-401s/N4004s), it offers you the most advanced and complete system for automatic flash photography available. Used with any earlier Nikon 8LR model, it lets you take advantage of TTL auto control and creative features such as Strobo effect multiple flash exposures, and more.
NOTES-------------------------------=~~~~~· Do not fire flash near the eyes; doing so may injure the retina. Do not touch the flash head when firing the S8-24; it may be hot due to normal operation. Also, be sure to keep plastics and other delicate materials away from the flash head when hot. Nikon cannot be responsible for malfunctions or other problems resulting from the use of other manufacturers' flash units, cameras or accessories, including external power sources.
NOMENCLATURE----------------------------~~~ Flash head Locks at the front position ; tilts up to 90° and down to - 7° ; rotates 90° to right and 180° to left. For bounce flash photography, see pages 83 to 85. Autolocus assist illuminator LED Enables autofocus operation in dim light and total darkness. • • Light sensor lor non·TTL auto flash operation In non·TTL auto flash operation , be careful not to cover or otherwise obstruct the sensor.
Tilting angle scale Flash head rotating lock release lever Rotating angle scale TTL multiple flash terminal Used for TIL-exposure-control multiple flash operation (see pages 87 to 90). Sync/multiple flash terminal Used for manual-exposure multiple flash operation (see page 91).
Flash mode selector (see pages 9 to 11) [j]] for TTL auto flash exposure control for non-TTL auto flash exposure control Ii'iI for manual flash exposure control IillI for repeating flash a Flash sync mode selector (see page 11) NORMAL for front-curtain sync flash REAR for rear-curtain sync flash Flash mode indicator Film speed/Repeating flash indicator LCD panel Exposure compensation indicator Exposure compensation scalE Flash shooting distance scale Angle of coverage indicator Aperture indicator M
USABLE FLASH MODES WITH YOUR CAMERA-...,....,.-----------: TTL AUTO 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 9 1318 m ZOOM mm F The S8-24's flash mode selector lets you select from four flash modes-TTL Auto i1ll , Non-TTL Auto f!1 , Manual Ii!iI or Repeating-Flash IillJ . When the power switch is on, the flash mode indicator confirms your selection in the LCD panel. [I]] In this mode, the camera's TTL flash sensor measures all the light which passes through the camera's lens and reflects off the film surface.
USABLE TTL FLASH MODES Nlkon camera Usable TTL flash ~tD F4 F-501/N2020 . . (......--,p_a.::..ge_s_2_5_to_4_9___ F-801/N8008 F-401s/N4004s m Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash/CenterWeighted Fill-Flash/Standard TTL Auto Described on ffB1J Automatic Balanced Fill-Flash (with AF Nikkor lenses/Standard TTL Auto including Programmed TTL Auto Standard TTL Auto including Programmed TTL Auto (with AI-S-type lenses) .. Standard TTL Auto (all shutter speed settings except M250 or B) . . (.....
FLASH SYNC MODE SEl.!ECTORNON-TTL AUTO f!1 In this mode, light is read through the light sensor on the front of the S8-24, instead of being measured through the lens. Exposure control requires that you manually adjust the lens aperture. For non-TTL auto flash mode, see pages 66 to 68. MANUALli!il Lets you select flash power from full power of 1/16 power and set aperture according to flash-to-subject distance. Indicated on the LCD panel. For manual flash , see pages 70 to 76.
READY·lIGHT INDICATI0NS--==~=------------~-----, READY·L1GHT WARNING FUNCTIONS The ready-light in the camera viewfinder blinks in the cases listed below. When blinking occurs, check the 58-24's flash mode selector setting, camera's shutter speed/mode selector setting and/or film speed setling and adjust as necessary. The ready-light will blink before shooting: With the 58-24 turned on, its ready-light turns on to indicate the flash is ready to fire .
After shooting: With the S8-24 in TTL auto or non-TTL auto flash mode, if both viewfinder ready-light and S8-24 ready-light blink for a few seconds after shooting, the flash has operated at maximum power. Check the S8-24 's LCD to determine whether you were standing at a distance beyond the indicated maximum range. Depending on conditions, choose a wider aperture for maximum flash range (switch exposure mode to A or M if it is set at P or S), or move closer to the subject.
SETTING POWER SWITCH--'--"---------------J Special Standby Function In normal 8tandby function , when the camera 's meter turns off, the 8B-24 also turns off. To reactivate the 8B-24, turn the camera 's meter on. With the following procedure, however, even after the camera's meter turns off, the 8B-24 automatically recharges in approx. one-hour intervals, so it will always be ready for long shooting sessions. 1_ 8et power switch to OFF to turn off the 8B-24. 2.
EXPOSURE COMPENSATION-'---------------==---=------=-= FLASH SIDE COMPENSATION "Correct" exposure is a value based on combinations of film sensitivity, aperture and shutter settings necessary to produce a "technically correct" exposure result. In practical photography, we often want to vary the exposure results to create different versions of the same picture. This is accomplished by using exposure compensation. Exposure compensation can be accomplished in many ways.
CAMERA SIDE COMPENSATION Manual control: adjustment made via the camera's EV compensation control; affects the entire exposure, both available light and light from the flash . LIGHTING MANIPULATION Bounce flash: can be considered a compensation For available compensation range with each film speed, see the table below. method since it offers variation to the exposure and augments available light; light may be bounced off various surfaces to create different results.
SETTI NG BEFOR E SHOOTI NG~--'-====-----=.=---..;=--:..:..==-------=-=-==-=---=..;==-= INSTALLING BATTERIES 1 Slide the battery chamber cover in • the direction of the 'Y and lift to open. 4 Close the battery chamber lid, then • slide cover back to close. 2 Slide the meter/feet lever to select • the desired indication (meters or feet) on the LCD panel. (Set at meters when shipped from factory.) 3 Load four 1.5V AA-type penlight • alkaline-manganese or 1.2V NiCd batteries into the battery chamber.
ATTACHING FLASH UNIT TO CAMERA ACCESSORY SHOE 5 Using gentle finger pressure, turn the • mounting foot locking wheel clockwise as far as it goes without forcing . 6 Holding the flash near the bottom , • slide the mounting foot forward into the camera 's accessory shoe as far as it goes. 7. Using finger pressure only, gently but • firmly tighten the locking wheel.
ISO ~ ~ Inn IUU (0.60.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 9 1318 ZOOM 3Smm F·-: m J ISO Inn IUU -, _(2 3 4 5 7 1015 20 304060 ft ) ZOOM 3Smm F--: a~"'u ~ _ ~ ;D'"~t~1' "" ~lI JMi ~ { ,~ S'$1"• .tI\;tj;;~ ~+ (, "" ~\t.t~'j: /:1I*'ti ;;;:;; _::-1 ,,_ : ~ .r'. }\t~ 8 Set power switch to STBY (standby position) or ON to turn on 88·24. LCD panel appears. (For details about • power switch setting, see page 14). The shooting distance scale appears in either meters or feet, as selected.
ADJUSTING FLASH HEAD SETTING ISO FILM SPEED UU~;:'I Gf'-U-' ) ILILI ISO O.60.811~ ------=·C 3 4 6 91318m 2 345 7101520304060ft ZOOM _, ~mm 9 Tilt the flash head to normal shooting poSition, and confirm • flash head is locked. F--: 10. Set the ISO film speed. With F4, F·801/N8008 or F·401s/N4004s: Turn on the camen and lightly press the shutter release button . The film speed will be indicated on the LCD panel. - If flash head is set at - YO, the distance indicator bars blink.
(Ill -~l~ :DD (Ill SET ISO _.'!-J '.-'1-' ------F-·: O. 0.811.52 346 91318m IUU 0.60.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 9 1318 m 2 345 7101520304060ft 2 345 7101520304060ft ------- zoo?:1 3~ ~mm - fl~~1~~_~~~~~1 L!. , ~',.(~._~.". """.>:jjlll'" ,~ With other cameras: (1) Push select button so " ISO" starts blinking in the LCD panel. (2) While " ISO" is blinking, press the adjustment button T or • to set the film speed in use. elf you do not press the adjustment button for approx.
SETTING ANGLE OF COVERAGE ISO ,~ ...... ------- 0.60.811.5234691318m 2 ZOOM [I]!~ IUU 45 71015203040601t 5 m F"f ISO :DOHz ------:J.... F ••' 0.60.811.52 3 4 6 91318m 2 3 4 5 7 1015 20 304060 ft 'm 11. Set the zoom head.
~ ISO .nn ------IUU SET ISO 1m • .-••-. II..IU ------- 0.60.811.52 346 91318m 0.60.811.52 3 4 6 91318m 2 3 4 5 7101520304060ft 3 4 5 7101520304060ft To return to auto position, repeatedly press the button until the "M" above "ZOOM " disappears (next setting after M85mm). For focal lengths wider than 24mm, slight vignetting will occur. Consider bounce flash or use of a diffuser card to achieve expanded coverage. For focal lengths longer than 85mm, the Hash will provide over-coverage.
The guide number changes according to the angle of coverage. See page 81 . F4 F-801/NaOO8 pages 25 to 49 If the shooting distance is less than 1.5m (approx. 5 tt), or for close-up photography when S8-24 is separate from the camera body, select the zoom position that is shorter than the focal length of the lens in use. To help ensure full flash coverage, be sure to aim the flash properly.
TTL AUTO iIll flASH WITH NIKON F4 OR F·801/N8008----The 58-24 takes full advantage of the F4 and F-801/NSOOS's built-in computer, which automatically synchronizes the camera's shutter speed and lens aperture to provide precisely controlled exposures. The capability to handle wider brightness ranges and use fill-flash under more complex conditions varies from automatic operation to more advanced user-controlled options.
FILL-FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY A backlit subject, such as a person outside with their back to the sun, or indoors in front of a window, usually appears as a silhouette if the exposure is set for background brightness. If the exposure is set for a darker, silhouetted subject, then the background will be overexposed and appear washed out. A better result can be achieved by leaving the exposure set for the brighter background and then using the flash to illuminate the darker foreground subject.
The 88-24 is capable of several different automatic fill-flash methods. The method you choose depends on the Nikon 8LR model you use, lighting conditions, subject movement and the esthetic qualities you wish to achieve. Carefully consider each picture situation. MATRIX BALANCED FILL-FLASH This is a feature of Nikon 8LR models having mUlti-segment light meters (Matrix meter).
~ CENTER-WEIGHTED FILL-FLASH STANDARD TTL FLASH While the Matrix meter can automatically measure up to five different segments of the scene's brightness, the CenterWeighted meter measures the entire scene and emphasizes its reading on the center area.
- -- ----- USABLE TTL AUTO FLASH ACCORDING TO LENS/EXPOSURE MODE/METERING SYSTEM COMBINATION With F4 ~ ~' Metering EXPosure m Lenses SYStem Ode AF Nikkor lenses AI·P·type Nlkkor lenses AF TeleconverlerlAF Nlkkor lenses for Nlkon F3AFI AI·type Nlkkor lenses (including AI-S) Other lenses Multl·Meter Finder DP-20 P PH S AE Action Finder DA-20 A M P PH S A M Walst·Level Finder DW·201 6X High-Magnification Finder DW-21 P A M S PH Matrix 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - - - Center·Welghted 0 0
MATRIX BALANCED FILL-FLASH OPERATION For Matrix 8alanced Fill-Flash, first make sure of the following : Ctm~) ISO 0.6 0.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 91318m 2 3 4 5 7 1015 20304060ft ZOOM mm F * Set the S8-24's mode selector to TTL, and confirm iID:Jl mark stays on . If 11:!!! mark is blinking, push the S8-24's "M " button. 30 * Choose and set the flash sync mode selector to NORMAL.
F4 F4 F-SOllNSOOS F-S011 NSOOS • Set the metering system on the camera to Matrix Metering. * For autofocus operation, choose and set the camera's focus mode to Single Servo Autofocus. (For details about autofocus flash photography, see pages 64 to 65.) * Choose and set the camera's film advance mode to single-frame shooting. • The usable film speed for TTL flash photography is ISO 25-1000.
In Programmed Auto Exposure Mode This mode automatically selects the optimum combination of aperture and shutter speed to match the film speed in use and the brightness of the scene. Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash in programmed auto exposure mode lets you concentrate on picture composition and is desirable when conditions are changing too fast for you to pause for settings. F4 F-801/N8008 1. Set the F4 or F-801/N8008 camera 's exposure mode selector to P, PH or PD". "For F-801IN8008 only.
F4 L-.~P~QtD_ :,-F2_2____~1I 3 Look into the viewfinder, compose • and lightly press the shutter release button. Confirm the controlled aperture and a shutter speed between 1/60 sec. and 1/250 sec. appear in the camera's viewfinder. The aperture-in-use and shooting distance indicator bars appear in the S8-24's LCD panel. With the F-801/N8008, the controlled aperture and shutter speed also appear on the camera 's LCD panel.
ISO F4 ~ Inn 'uu O.60.~~~+:;;!)318 m 2 3 ~ 4060ft -,~ :.mm ~D -, ZOOM.l Confirm the shooting distance range in the 58-24 's LCD panel. The shooting distance range is automatically indicated by the distance indicator bars. • When you remove your eyes from the camera to confirm the information on the Sa·24 's LCD panel, the camera may move slightly and cause the exposure value to change. To prevent this, use the AEL (Auto Exposure Lock) button.
In Shutter· Priority Auto Exposure Mode This mode lets you manually set your desired shutter speed and the matching aperture will be selected automatically. Use a fast shutter speed to stop action, a slow one to produce a deliberate blur. In programmed auto exposure mode and shutter-priority auto exposure mode, non-CPU lenses cannot be used. For aperture·priority auto exposure mode with a non·CPU lens, set the camera's exposure mode to A. 1/30 sec.
1 F4 F4 F·801/N8008 F·801/N8008 Set the F4 or F·80i/N8008 camera's • exposure mode selector to S. 36 2 Set lens to minimum aperture • (highest f·number). If not properly set, the shutter locks. (F4 shutter displays FEE, but will fire.) 3. Set your desired shutter speed on the camera. elf you select a shutter speed faster than 11250 sec. and turn the flash unit on, the camera automatically shifts to 11250 sec.
~_.~S~C~:2_S__F_5_.b~)____~1II 4 Look into the viewfinder, compose the • shot and lightly press the shutter release button. Check the exposure . With F4 camera: Check camera's viewfinder to confirm the selected shutter speed is between 4 sec. and 1/250 sec., (or X) and the aperture is controlled. The aperture-in-use and shooting distance indicator bars appear in the S8 -24's LCD panel.
F4 ------- ISO 0.6 2 liD ~ • S 8 .-, <:l._J F4 ~ Inn IUU :,.: ZOOM _I _Imm 91318m 304060ft C. ([])U""iY··,··2- • Overexposure warning For overexposure alert, HI appears in the position indicating the camera's aperture. Confirm the shooting distance range in the S8-24's LCD panel. The shooting distance range is automatically indicated by the distance indicator bars. ( @ S : 25 F 5_0 • ~.
In Aperture·Priority Exposure Mode You select the lens aperture and the matching shutter speed is automatically selected. This mode is recommended for controlling depth of field. fl5.
F4 '-I BJ ' F-801/N8008 1. Set the F4 or F-801/N8008 camera's exposure mode selector to A 40 2. Set your desired aperture on the lens. 3 Look into the viewfinder, compose • and lightly press shutter release button.
F4 • • • F-801lN8008 LA IDJ ~ Check the exposure. Check the camera's viewfinder to confirm the selected aperture and a controlled shutter speed between 1160 and 1/250 sec. appear. The aperture·in·use and shooting distance indicator bars appear in the S8·24's LCD panel. With the F·801/N8008 camera, the selected aperture and controlled shutter speed also appear on the camera's LCD panel. r,' .?t ..'I• .. nr ..•. -1 .-?t 1111 BJr;j"j\ • \£L.J,I -,-, F:•. :.
i.ill~ F4 11-11-1 ISO 1'-I '-I ------Rtf) 8f~.!.~~t 4 6 9 1318 m 1 ° .60.811.52 3 4 6 91318m ;>20 304060 ft 2 3 4 5 7 1015 120304060 ft 3 4 -, :'..-mm J ZOOM:' -1'- ZOOM :, :, mm C. ~!~!~loilljq~J Confirm the shooting distance range in the S8 -24's LCD panel. With an AF Nikkor or Nikkor lens w/built-in CPU : The shooting distance range is automatically indicated by the distance indicator bars.
F·801fN8008 In Manual Exposure Mode I"~ I In this mode, you set both the shutter speed and aperture manually according to the desired effect. W 1. Set the F4 or F·80lIN8008 camera's exposure mode selector to M. 2 Set your desired shutter speed within the sync range and • set your desired aperture on the lens.
F4 1:_: m (.:II:II:~ c F-801 /N8008 3 Look into the viewfir]der, compose the • shot and lightly press the shutter release button. 44 · 'C! .. :) = I F-801/N8008 Check the camera's viewfinder to confirm manually selected shutter speed and aperture. The Electronic Analog Display shows the difference in value from the controlled range.
2 Confirm the shooting distance range in the S8-24's LCD panel. With an AF Nikkor or Nikkor lens w/built·in CPU: The shooting distance range is automatically indicated by the distance indicator bars. 060ft I <;) :'i 2 S" F S.c +2 .. 1.. y.. l .. 2- • =:f""J~ With other lenses: Press the adjustment button to set aperture to your selected lens aperture. For example : With zoom setting at 35mm and films speed index at ISO 100, selecting f/4 lets you take pictures of subjects 1m to 9m (approx. 4 ft.
FLASH EXPOSURE COMPENSATION Varying the amount of flash, in relation to the available-light exposure, creates different fill-flash effects. We say the fill-flash effect is balanced when the flash illumination is sufficient to brighten the subject to "almost" the brightness of the background. Sometimes we want to use a little more or less flash to make the subject a little brighter or not quite so bright. Your choice may be based on desired esthetic qualities, or may be forced by extremes in lighting.
ISO ...bn..•...,J illl~ l~+1 0 -1-2-3 0.60.8 11.5 2 3 4 6 9 1318 m 2 3 4 5 7 10 1520304060 ft ZOOM 2 While indicator is blinking, press " 'Y" • button to increase the value or " . " button to decrease it. The shooting distance range changes accordingly. mm F 3 Press the select button again, then • confirm IB indicator stops blinking . Setting is complete. elf you do not press the select button within approx. 8 sec., the IB indicator e also stops blinking.
REAR-CURTAIN SYNC FLASH-For Natural Light Flows When used with the F4 or F-801/N8008, the S8-24 lets you synchronize the flash to the instant before the rear (second) curtain begins to close. Set the S8-24's flash sync mode selector to "REAR." This turns available light into a stream of light that follows the flash-illuminated moving subject. Rear-curtain sync flash photography is most effective with slower shutter speeds.
SHUTTER SPEED/APERTURE FOR EACH EXPOSURE MODE IN TTL AUTO FLASH In Matrix Metering (with 50mm fl1.4 lens at ISO 100) ( (.ai!!!» ::::;::' Exposure mode REAR « ) Front-curtain sync (NORMAL) wm ~- INORMALi (~ ) I:. (~ ) ) Rear-curtain sync (REAR) '- , ~ ~ ~" PO*/P/PH 1/60-1/2501/4-1/16 (1) 1/60-1/2501/4-1/16 (1) 30-1/250 114-1116 (1 ) 30-1/2501/4-1/16 (1) S As set (3) 1/2.8-1/16 (2) 1/60-1/250 As set As set (3) As set As set (3) 1/2.8-1/16 (2) As set (3) 112.
TTL AUTO lIn FLASH WITH NIKON F·401s/N4004s-----SHOOTING BRIGHT AND DARK SUBJECTS The S8-24's flash light output control is performed in the same manner as the camera's built-in TTL flash. The S8-24's light output amount, however, is more powerful than the camera's built-in TTL flash . Although the S8-24's shooting distance range is greater than that of the built-in flash , TTL auto flash shooting operation with the S8-24 is same as with the camera 's built-in flash .
Programmed TTL Auto FlashIn Program or Shutter· Priority Auto Exposure Mode Programmed TTL auto flash simplifies operations, because the camera's computer automatically selects both shutter speed and aperture. SET ISO CWD 0.60.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 91318 m 2 3 4 5 7 10 1520304060 ft zoo~ mm F 1. Set the S8-24's flash mode selector For Programmed TTL auto flash " operation, use only AF Nikkor .:. lenses, but not AF Nikkor 80mm fI2.8, 200mm f/3 .5 IF-ED or Autofocus Converter TC-16/TC-16A.
SET ISO ------- 1318m 0.60_811.5 2 3 4 6 9 1318 m 4060ft 2 3 4 5 7 1015 0304060ft 3 Make sure the shooting distance is within the Ilash range. Refer to the chart for the • flash range lor each ISO film speed. Unit : meters (feet) Zoom setting ISO film speed 400 11 200 8 100 5.6 50 4 iIll .nn IUU 25 24mm 28mm 35mm 50mm 70mm 85mm 2.8 0.7-5.3 (2.2-17) 0.7-5.6 (2.4 -18) 0.8-6.3 (2.7-20) 1.0-7.4 (3 .1-24) 1.1-8.3 (2 .5-27) 1.1-8.8 (3 .
4 Lightly press the shutter release button and confirm the • ready-light and in-focus indicator are on. 5. Fully depress shutter release button to take the picture . • For blinking ready-light warning. see pages 12 to 13.
TTL Auto Flash-In AperturePriority Auto or Manual Exposure Mode TTL Auto Flash lets you select any aperture from f/1 .4 to f/32 to match the shooting distance range with automatic TTL control of the flash exposure. 2 Set the camera 's exposure mode to • either aperture-priority auto or manual exposure mode. SET ISO
4. Set your chosen aperture. 5 Lightly press tthe shutter release • button and confirm the ready-light and in-focus indicator are on. 6 Fully depress the shutter release • button to take the picture. • For blinking ready-light warning, see pages 12 to 13. shooting distance range, see page 69.
AUTOMATIC BALANCED FILL-FLASH When the S8-24 is turned off and the scene's brightness is EV10 or higher, if the computer's multi-segment sensor detects that the central subject is darker than the surrounding area by at least 1.5EV, the viewfinder ready-light LED blinks, recommending that you should use flash to brighten the picture. (Note: the S8-24 must be turned off for this signal to operate. The LED will not blink with the S8-24 in ST8Y or ON mode.
I TTL AUTO iIll FLASH WITH OTHER CAMERAS-------- (with Nikon F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG) With a Nikon F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG camera, the S8-24 set at TTL provides standard TTL flash light output control. With the F-501/N2020, F-301/N2000 in programmed or shutter-priority auto exposure mode, Programmed TTL au10 flash will be selected. In other cases, the S8-24 performs TTL auto flash .
F·501/N2020 ( SET ISO ... )) " 0.6 0.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 91318m m~ 2 3 4 5 7 1015 20304060ft ZOO';a mm F 1. Set the S8·24's flash mode selector to TTL, and the flash sync mode selector to NORMAL. 2. Set the camera's exposure mode to 3 Set the lens to its minimum aperture • (highest f-number). programmed auto exposure mode (p DUAL', P, or PHI). 'For F-501/N2020 only. Unit: meters (feet) ISO film speed 800 16 400 200 11 8 100 5.6 Zoom setting 50 4 25 24 mm 28 mm 35mm 50mm 70mm 85mm 2.
, 0 L. ... 5. Lightly press the shutter release button and confirm the ready-light and in-focus Indicator are on . 6 Fully depress the shutter release • button to take the pictu re . • For blinking ready-light warning, see pages 12 to 13. SET ISO im • ,-.,-. 11..11..1 ------M:0: 0.60.811.52 346 91318m 2 3 4 5 7 10 ZOOM For a convenient reference, use the adjustment buttons to set the aperture (f-number) in the 88-24's LCD panel, as indicated by the chart.
TTL AUTO FLASH TTL Auto Flash lets you select any aperture from f/1.4 to f/32 to match the shooting distance range with automatic TTL control of the flash exposure. * For autofocus operation with the F-501lN2020, choose and set the camera's focus mode to Single Servo Autofocus. (For details about autofocus flash photography, see pages 64 to 65). * Choose and set the camera 's film advance mode to singleframe shooting.
. , 0 L.. 3. Set your chosen aperture. 4 ..I Lightly press the shutter release button and confirm the ready-light and in-focus • indicator are on. 5. Fully depress the s~utter release button to take the picture . • For blinking ready-light warning, see pages 12 to 13.
EXPOSURE COMPENSATION WITH CAMERA'S EXPOSURE DIAL 0304060ft M-'~ ZOOM .l ':'mm Some camera models include an EV compensation control. Using this control you can modify the exposure to make your picture lighter or darker. To make the picture lighter, use + compensation . For darker pictures use - compensation . How much compensation you choose depends on how much you want to modify the resulting picture.
FILL-FLASH IN TTL AUTO iIll FLASH MODE When using the S8-24 for fill-flash photography with a Nikon camera other than F4, F-801/N8008 or F-401s/N4004s, balance the exposure for both subject and background in the following manner. . , 0 L. ... 2 Frame the background in the camera viewfinder, then turn on the camera's • exposure meter to determine the appropriate aperture for a correct background exposure, and set the aperture.
AUTOFOCUS FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY (with Nikon F4, F-801/N8008,F-501/N2020 or F-401s/N4004s) When combined with the Nikon F4, F-801/N8008, F-501/N2020 or F-401s/N4004s camera, the S8-24's AF illuminator enables you to perform autofocus operation in dim light and total darkness. F4 F·501/N2020 O F-401s/N4004s ~~~ ~ F·801/N8008 1 Set the Nikon F4, F-801lN8008 or F-501/N2020 focus mode • selector to S for Single Servo Autofocus mode, or set the F-401s/N4004s to A for autofocus mode.
For greater depth of field In programmed TTL auto flash photography, use film with a speed specified in the table below' Maximum lens aperture 3. Confirm the in·foeus indicator lights up, then fully depress Lens only ISO 50 or higher ISO 100 or higher F·501/N2020 with TC·16AS 1/1.4 or 1/1 .2 1/1.B, 1/2, 1/2.5 or 1/2.B ISO 50 or higher ISO 100 or higher In other flash operation modes, set the lens aperture as follows : Maximum lens aperture the shutter release button.
NON·TTl AUTO B FLASH-for Shooting with Varied Lens AperturesTo use various lens apertures for the same subject or when your camerallens combination is incompatible with TTL auto flash mode, set the S8-24's flash mode selector to A for non-TTL auto flash operation. In non-TTL auto flash shooting, light output varies automatically to match the flash-tosubject distance, but instead of light being measured through the lens, it is measured by the light sensor on the front of the S8-24.
3 Using the adjustment buttons, select an appropriate aper• ture making sure the subject is within the allowed shooting distance. 4. Set your chosen aperture. For example: With the zoom set at 35mm and the film speed index at ISO 100, you can select f/2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8 or 11 . At f/5 .6, you can take pictures of subjects 0.8m to 6m (3ft. to 20ft.) away. Shooting distance range varies according to film speed, aperture value andlor zoom setting. For shooting distance range, see page 69.
EXPOSURE COMPENSATION IN NON-TTL AUTO FLASH·MODE 6. Fully depress the shutler release button to take the picture. • For blinking ready-light warning, see pages 12 to 13. Test Firing for Non-TTL Auto Flash Push the open-flash button. If the ready-light blinks, select a wider aperture or move closer to the subject. 68 The Non-TTL Auto Flash mode works best for subjects of average (18% gray) reflectance.
USABLE APERTURES/SHOOTING DISTANCE RANGE~~~..:.:.....:...:~.:........: IN TTL AND NON·TTL AUTO FLASH MODES Unit : meters ISO film speed t600" a. 0 ~ 8 11 16 22 32 800· 400 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 32 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 32 800· 400 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 32 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 32 200 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 -8 11 16 22 32 100 50 25 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 32 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 50 25 ISO film speed 1600·· 200 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.
MANUAL [i!i] FLASH - You Make All The Decisions-----:7~~~~~~:7_ With the S8-24's flash mode selector at M, you can manually choose your desired level of flash power : full power (111), 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, or 1/16. F4 F·301/N2000 1. Set the camera's exposure mode to aperture·priority auto or manual. 70 INORMALI~.
~ 1"11-1 ISO 0.6 0.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 91318m 0.60.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 9 1318 m 2 3 4 5 7 1015 20304060ft ZOOM 3 mm F ( MIII-D Press the "M" button to control the • amount of light. The light output changes as follows , and is shown in the LCD panel. -111 -1/2 -1/4 -1/8 -1/16- IUU - ISO 23457 -,.- zooM~~mm 4. Set an appropriate aperture, according to subject distance .
Ii'lI SET ISO ,.-,.-, ,/.., /.., ;-~: 0.6 0.8 1 1.5 ~(~ \4 6 91318 m 2 3 4 5 7 10 h520304060 f t M:0:_'mm ZOOM _, FC-_'.0Ci) M,'/"1 With other combinations: To set the aperture in the LCD panel, press the adjustment button until the shooting distance mark _ corresponds to your desi red distance. Set the indicated aperture. For example: With the zoom set at 35mm and the film speed index at ISO 100, selecting f/5 .6 and light output 1/4 lets you take pictures of subjects 3m (approx. 10ft) away.
SYNCHRONIZATION IN CONTINUOUS SHOOTING 0 - ~ 5 Lightly press the shutter release button and confirm the • ready-light and in-focus indicator have come on. • For blinking ready-light warning, see pages 12 to 13. The 8B-24 is able to recycle fast enough to synchronize with a motor-driven camera firing continuously at up to 6 frames per second at 1/16 light output. This means you can take up to 8 flash pictures in rapid succession. The maximum number of flashes for continuous shooting are listed below.
MANUAL FILL-FLASH Outdoor fill-flash used witll manual mode requires that you choose the flash-to-daylight ratio that gives the desired effect. As with automatic fill-flash, your goal is to have the flash brighten the shadowy areas of the picture, while leaving the brighter highlights unaffected. To do this you must set up your shot so the flash exposure will be underexposed by at least one or two f/stops .
6'iI ISO CiliD) - .r'I-' IUU - 0.60.811.52 3 4 6 91318m 0.6 0.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 91318m 2 3 4 5 7101520304060ft 2 345 7101520304060ft M :0ZOOM 2 6'iI ISO _I -=- mm .- C F:e.LI MIl: Ensure that the ISO display on the • S8-24 corresponds to the ISO of the film you are using. M -n:_Imm (F e 6 ) 1M'II . _I.t.. ZOOM.
~ ISO ~ Irll-I .to.u ISO 0.60.811.52 3 ~f~t1318 m 2 3 4 5 7 101520 -0- zoo';;:1:t .Jmm 5 -= F-:_M_I Referring to the distance to the subject, press the SB-24 M • button until the SB-24's distance scale indicates a distance which corresponds to the actual focused distance to the subject. Now, the SB-24's LCD (lower right corner) will indicate the level of flash power needed to provide a flash exposure equal to the daylight exposure.
REPEATING FLASH [ill] -For Multiple Exposure--------------, For multiple flash exposures on one frame, use the S8-24 in the IillI mode. The flash can be fired up to eight times on one frame, and if used in conjunction w ith the camera body's multiple exposure control , many more flashes can be achieved on the same frame . Note that this feature operates only in manual exposure control mode for both the flash and the camera. AEAR • • INORMALI ( (nM,) !ml fillD -,Sf"l- Si{- :Hz 0.6 0.8 1 1.
3 .. Choose B (bulb) setting or a shutter speed long enough to • accommodate all of the flashes you will fire. For example: 10Hz will fire the flash 10 times in one second. Firing the flash 5 times at 10Hz takes 1/2 second to occur, so you should set the shutter to a speed at least as slow as 1/2 second. - 0.60.811.52 3 4 6 91318m 2 345 7101520304060ft Firing the flash 6 times at 8Hz takes 6/8 second to occur. However, because your camera does not have a shutter speed of 6/8 (0.
6 When using Nikon F4 or F·8011 • N8008 with a lens having a built·in CPU: Press adjustment button ~ to set number of flashes , and • to set frequency, t , ~cm; -s "t' U , -F·-: J~J~J~(f:.Th; , . ' Q;j , "_I Z :Hz 0,60.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 91318m 2 345 7101520304060 ft -0ZOOM:' :'mm MU :5 - 0.60.811.~ 3 4 6 91318m 2 3 4 5 7 1015 20304060 f t F·-: MIla M_I:0: F ._', _Imm MIla -0ZOOM:' .
~m SET B- - When making multiple exposures, there are many factors to be considered. You may want to experiment before making the final exposure. u-' IU H z 0.60.8 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 9 1318 m 2 3 4 5 7 1015 20 304060 ft M -I~ zooM ~ ;'mm 7, F~', '/ 'U 'e MI Press the 8EL button a second time to stop the blinking • display. Background brightness If the subject will move across a relatively dark background, the exposure settings can be as indicated by the 88-24 LCD.
GUIDENUMBER------------~~~~~~~~~~~ In manual flash and Repeating-Flash modes, apart from checking the shooting distance in the LCD panel , you can also determine the correct flstop using the following equation. fl t _ guide number s op - flash-to-subject-distance See table for the guide numbers at various film speeds. Guide number at various film speeds ~ Light output 1/1 1/2 1/4 1/8 1/16 meters (feet) at ISO 100 24mm 28mm 35mm 50mm 30(98) 21 (69) 15 (49) 10.5 (34) 7.
DIFFUSING LlGHT------------~~~__:__:_:_:~'-Diffused light softens harsh shadows and creates attractive portraits. There are two ways to diffuse light: White card I~~:.:.~::~~_-_---- Direct flash: 1. Bounce light off a broad reflective surface such as the ceiling or white card. Bounce flash: 82 2. Use a diffuser between the flash and the subject.
BOUNCE FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY PROCEDURE The 88-24's flash head tilts andlor rotates within the following range. • Although the S8-24 has click stops at the most commonly used positions (except - 30°), intermediate angles can also be used. • The flash head locks at the front position. To release the lock, use the tilting lock release lever or rotating lock release lever.
iID~ 11-11-1 ISO • Lit•• 0.6 O.IJ.L L5..2. ..J..4..8...9..~ 18 m 2 3"'~~- "lo1!;"2b~4'o 60ft -.~ ZOOM:; ~mm F·-: When the flash head is tilted up or rotated away from the original position, the shooting distance indicators in the LCD panel disappear, because distance cannot be correctly calculated. 1. Select a ceiling or wall to bounce the flash from. In color iID~ 0-"-1 ISO IL.Lt 0.6 O.~"\.51.aJ.:'~J.P 18 m 2 3' ~ ~' 1 1b '5'2!i3t>~060ft -0ZOOM~ ~mm F·-: If shooting distance is within 1.
USING A DIFFUSER Bracket your exposures. If possible, take additional shots with the camera's exposure compensation dial set in the + or - direction (not possible with Nikon F-401sl N4004s) for TTL auto flash operation, or with the lens opened up one or two f/stops for non-TTL auto flash operation. I To diffuse light, place a translucent material, such as one or more sheets of tracing paper between the flash and the subject.
MULTIPLE FLASH , PHOTOGRAPHY-----------~ If you have another flash unit, you can use it as a secondary light source for multiple flash photography. When you use only one flash unit in front of a subject, harsh shadows may be produced or light may not reach the background. Using more than one flash unit helps you solve these problems. With one flash unit 86 / With three flash units . ~.
TTL MULTIPLE FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY As the master flash unit, use Nikon Speedlight S8-24, S8-23, S8-22, S8-218, S8-20, S8-18, S8-168 or S8-15 connected to an F4, F-801/N8008, F-501/N2020, F-401s/N4004s, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG camera, and for the slave flash unit(s), use the S8-24, S8-22, S8-218, S8-20, S8-18, S8-17, S8-16A, S8-168 andlor S8-15. Up to 5 flash units can be used.
SYSTEM CHART FOR TTL MULTIPLE FLASH Master flash unit r---------~~-----------~ , 'The 88-11 , 88-14, 88-140 and 88-218 cannot be used with Nikon F-401s/N4004s either as a master or slave flash unit 0 I (I[D---+ Connect to ® Connect to ® ~-----------+~~~+ , Connect to ® ~.
Slave flash unit r----------- ------- ---- --- ----- ---- --- -----.. II ® Using SC-18 or SC-19, up to 5 flash units can be used for multiple flash photography, at a total length of 10m_ I I I I ~ r-----., I I I sc-,a I SC-'9 : tt:~~--~-----------------+~[w~~~~lD~, I I @ I : : I L. _____ .I ,..---- -, ~sc-'a ~\....
ACCESSORIES FOR TTL MULTIPLE FLASH TTL Remote Cord SC·17 TTL Multi·Flash Sync Cords SC·18 and SC·19 For Programmed TTL auto flash operation or TTL auto flash operation when using the S8-24 off the Nikon F4-Series (with DP-20 or DA-20) , F-801/N8008, F-501/N2020, F-401s/N4004s, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG camera, use coiled cord SC-17. The SC-17 provides automatic sync speed setting and the same ready-light view-finder indication as if the flash unit were directly mounted on the camera.
MANUAL MULTIPLE FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY For multiple flash photography using Nikon F4 or F-801/N8008, if the electric current in the synchro circuit exceeds a certain level , you may not be able to take a second shot after taking the first shot. Take care that the combined total of the coefficients (numbers shown in parenthesis below) for all speedlight's used at anyone time does not exceed 20 at 20°C/68°F (13 at 40°C/104°F).
CLOSE·UP FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY IN TTL AUTO FLASH MODE-When used with the Nikon F4, F-B01/NBOOB, F-501/N2020, F-401s/N4004s, F-301/N2000, FA, FE2 or FG, optional TTL Remote Cord SC-17 or SC-24, lets you perform flash shooting with a subject closer than 0.6m (approx. 2ftJ For example: When using ISO 100 film and the flash-to-subject distance Is 0.5m (1 .6ft), divide 4 by 0.5 to get fiB . That means you can use an aperture of fiB or smaller. Use the smallest aperture possible.
TIPS ON SPEEDLIGHT CARE- - - - - - - - - - -- • To remove smudges, wipe with a soft, dry silicon-treated or regular cloth. Never use paint thinner, benzine, acetone or alcohol-they might damage plastic parts. • Never disassemble or repair the flash unit ; if the S8-24 malfunctions, take it immediately to an authorized Nikon dealer or service center. -----\ • Keep the S8-24 away from salt-water and out of the rain .
• Keep the 88-24 away from high temperatures and never store in a damp place. 94 • When not using the 88-24, remove batteries to avoid damage due to battery leakage. If leakage occurs, take the 88-24 to your nearest authorized Nikon dealer. When not using the 88-24, perform the following once a month : 1. Install batteries, then turn on the 88-24. 2. Wait until the ready-light comes on. 3. Turn off the 88-24, then remove the batteries.
ABOUT BATTERIES---------------~ New batteries DC Unit 50·7 Purchase the newest (freshest) batteries possible. Nikon DC Unit SO-7 can be used as an optional external power sou rce for more flash capacity and faster recycling . To use it, connect the SO·Ts power cord SC-16 to the SB-24's external power terminal. Even when powered with the SO-7, the SB-24 still requires batteries inside the flash unit. Do not remove the batteries. Temperature Battery life ratings are based on operation at 20°C (68°F).
GLOSSARY------------------------~~~~~~~~ Balanced fill-flash operation Exposure control for available light A method of flash photography which combines flash illumination and ambient light, and keeps flash brightness in balance with the ambient light. ·Programmed: the automatic exposure system controlling both the camera 's shutter and the lens' aperture.
Hertz SLR Abbreviated Hz, a unit of measurement equalling one cycle per second. Single Lens Reflex : a type of camera in which you look through the camera 's lens as you view through the camera finder. Other camera functions, such as light meter and flash control, also operate viewing through the camera's lens. LCD Liquid Crystal Display: the visible display which shows information on the back of the 88-24 and in some camera finders.
SPECIFICATIONS--------:----:-- ---=-- - - - - - - All performance data are for normal-temperature operation (20°C [68°F]). Electronic construction: Guide number: Automatic silicon-controlled rectifier and series circuitry m (tt) at ISO 100 '{'oom setting 24mm Bounce capability: 28mm 35mm 50mm 70mm 85mm Power source: Light output\ 1/1 30(98) 32(105) 36(118) 42(138) 47(154) 50(164) 1/2 21 (69) 22(72) 25(82) 30(98) 33(108) 36(118) 21 (69) 23(75) 25(82) 15(49) 16.
Number of flashes and recycling time at manual full light output: Recycling time (approx .) Battery type Number of flashes (approx .)" AA-type alkaline-manganese 100 times AA-type NICd 40 times 5 sec. Up to 200 times Up to 300 times Up to 400 times 6 sec. 10 sec . 30 sec. C-type alkalinemanganese inside the optional SO-7" 7 sec. A mode: Usable apertures in A mode: Shooting distance range in A mode: M mode: AF assist LED: For AF illuminator-assisted autofocus operation .
No reproduction in any form of this manual, in whole or in part (except for brief quotation in critical artictes or reviews), may be made without written authorization from NtKON CORPORATION. Nikon NIKON CORPORATION FUJI BLDG.
Nikon Autofocus Speedlight 88-24 QUICK AUTOMATIC OPERATION WITH THE NIKON F4 OR F·801/N8008 The Nikon Autofocus Speedlight SB-24 incorporates several distinct operation modes. This brief guide provides instruction for all of the basic settings necessary to use Matrix Balanced Fill-Flash, the most advanced and automatic flash mode. For explanations of each setting and information about all other flash controls, refer to the main instruction manual.
SETTING UP THE 5 8 · 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - - 1. Set meterlfeet selector. ISO ~ .,..n 'uu -------Ft-: (0.60.811.5234691318m ZOOM :u: _I Jmm In meters im~ ISO ."'~4 Slide the battery chamber cover in the direction of the 'I..'U ~ and lift to open. (2 3 4 5 7 1015 20 304060 ft :u: zooM_I Jmm Ft-: In feet The shooting distance scale in the LCD panel can be set to either meters or feet. Slide the meter/feet lever to select the desired indication (meters or feet) in the LCD panel.
Use either 1.5V AA-type penlight alkaline-manganese or 1.2V NiCd batteries. Turn the mounting foot locking wheel clockwise as far as it goes, taking care not to overtighten. Load four batteries into the battery chamber, following the 1- 1.5V ." indicators inside the chamber. Slide the mounting foot forward into the camera 's accessory shoe as far as it goes. 3. Close battery chamber lid. mJ Close the lid, then slide the cover back to close. Turn locking wheel to tighten.
5. Check battery power. 6. Adjust flash head. Tilt the flash head to the normal shooting position, and confirm flash head is locked. Set the power switch to STBY (standby position) or ON to turn on the SB-24. With alkaline-manganese batteries : If the ready-light takes more than 30 seconds to light up, replace batteries with a fresh set. With NiCd batteries : If the ready-light takes more than 10 seconds to light up, recharge them.
7. Confirm angle of coverage. 9. Set mode selector to TTL. (~ ) iNN IUU ISO ------- 0.60.811.52 3 4 6 91318m ~ ISO ''-f .'" 11.11.1 ------- 0.60.811.52 346 91318m 2 3 4 5 7 101520304060ft 2 3 4 5 7 101520304060ft -,.-:l mm F 1_', ZOO M :, Confirm TTL ~ mark is on. FI-: ZOOM~~:' ~,m In auto mode, the zoom head automatically adjusts to provide an angle of coverage that matches the focal length of the lens in use (indicated in the LCD panel).
10. Confirm subject is in focus. 11. Confirm shooting distance. ..-...... [jj]~ 'uu O.60~r1.52 346 9:1~18m ISO ------- 2 3 4 5 710152030 060 ft :.C ZOOM _, -Imm Ft-: F4 -- m F-801/N8008 · "'~<~ ~~P~ : 2~ 5 -F~ -----"'" Look into the viewfinder, compose the shot and lightly press shutter release button until the in-focus indicator appears. 6 Check the indicator bars to confirm subject is within shooting distance range.
12. Confirm the ready·light is on. 13. Fully depress shutter release button to take the picture. F4 -- m F-B01/N,..;..BO,;...O,;...B_ _ _ _ _----, . . .
Troubleshooting:-------------------... If any of ·the following conditions occur, check each of the points indicated and refer to the numbered instruction. REFER TO: LCD panel display does not appear: Are batteries properly installed? ......................... 2 Are batteries fresh? .. .......... ........ .. .. ................... 5 Is battery chamber lid firmly closed? ................. 3 Is the power switch set to STBY or ON? ............
