User Manual

TECHNICAL INFORMATION/PHOTOGRAPHY TECHNIQUES continued

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SHUTTER SPEED AND APERTURE

Shutter Speed (sec.) 1/4000 1/2000 1/1000 1/500 1/250 1/125 1/60 1/30

Aperture (f-number) 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16

The amount of light reaching the film plane is determined by a

comb nation of shutter speed and lens aperture. A shutter speed

of 1/125sec. Iets in twice as much light as a setting of 1/250sec

and only half as much light as 1/60sec An aperture setting of

f/11 lets in twice as much light as f/16, half as much as f/8 Thus,

if the correct exposure for a particular picture-taking situation is

1/500 at f/4, then 1/250 at f/5.6 or 1/125 at f/8 will give the same

exposure.

The table above is one example showing the interrelationship

between shutter speed and aperture. Each combination

produces correct exposure but the effects of the pictures are

quite different. The best combination will depend on the results

you want. Fast shutter speeds freeze motion while slow speeds

produce a deliberate blur. Also, small apertures give greater

depth of field, while large apertures restrict the zone of sharp

focus to the main subject. (Refer to page 48 for details on depth

of field.)

A good rule to follow in preventing camera shake is to select a

shutter speed which is never slower than the reciprocal of the

focal length of the lens in use For example, when using a norma

50mm lens, select a speed no slower than 1/60sec (the closest

number to 1/50). For a 200 mm super-telephoto, use no less

than 1/250 sec., and so forth.

If a slow shutter speed is necessary or the camera selects one

in the automatic exposure modes, attach the camera to a tripod

As an alternative, use an electronic f ash or change to faster film