9-0793; Rev 5; 5/12 KIT ATION EVALU E L B A IL AVA TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers Features The MAX8795A includes a high-performance step-up regulator, two linear-regulator controllers, and five highcurrent operational amplifiers for active-matrix, thin-film transistor (TFT), liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). Also included is a logic-controlled, high-voltage switch with adjustable delay. The step-up DC-DC converter provides the regulated supply voltage for the panel source driver ICs.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS IN, CTL to AGND ...................................................-0.3V to +7.5V COMP, FB, FBP, FBN, DEL, REF to AGND ....-0.3V to (VIN + 0.3V) PGND, BGND to AGND ......................................................±0.3V LX to PGND ............................................................-0.3V to +20V SUP to AGND .........................................................-0.3V to +20V DRVP to AGND.....................
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers (VIN = 3V, VMAIN = VSUP = 14V, VPGND = VAGND = VBGND = 0V, IREF = 25µA, TA = 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL FB Voltage Gain LX On-Resistance CONDITIONS ∆ICOMP = ±2.5µA FB Transconductance RLX(ON) TYP MAX UNITS 75 160 280 µS 260 mΩ µA From FB to COMP 700 ILX = 200mA 160 LX Leakage Current ILX VLX = 19V LX Current Limit ILIM VFB = 1.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VIN = 3V, VMAIN = VSUP = 14V, VPGND = VAGND = VBGND = 0V, IREF = 25µA, TA = 0°C to +85°C. Typical values are at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS GATE-OFF LINEAR-REGULATOR CONTROLLER FBN Regulation Voltage VFBN FBN Fault Trip Level FBN Input Bias Current IFBN FBN Effective Load-Regulation Error (Transconductance) 1 1.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers (VIN = 3V, VMAIN = VSUP = 14V, VPGND = VAGND = VBGND = 0V, IREF = 25µA, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER IN Supply Range SYMBOL VIN IN Undervoltage-Lockout Threshold IN Quiescent Current VUVLO IIN REF Output Voltage REF Undervoltage-Lockout Threshold MAIN STEP-UP REGULATOR CONDITIONS MIN MAX UNITS (Note 2) 2.5 6.0 V VIN rising, typical hysteresis = 150mV 2.05 2.45 V VFB = VFBP = 1.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VIN = 3V, VMAIN = VSUP = 14V, VPGND = VAGND = VBGND = 0V, IREF = 25µA, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN MAX UNITS 0.972 1.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers (VIN = 3V, VMAIN = VSUP = 14V, VPGND = VAGND = VBGND = 0V, IREF = 25µA, TA = 0°C to +105°C. Typical values are at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 18 V MAIN STEP-UP REGULATOR Output Voltage Range VMAIN VIN Operating Frequency fOSC 1000 1200 1400 kHz 86 90 93 % TA = +25°C to +105°C 1.221 1.233 1.245 TA = 0°C to +105°C 1.212 1.233 1.248 1.10 1.14 1.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VIN = 3V, VMAIN = VSUP = 14V, VPGND = VAGND = VBGND = 0V, IREF = 25µA, TA = 0°C to +105°C. Typical values are at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS V GATE-ON LINEAR-REGULATOR CONTROLLER FBP Regulation Voltage VFBP FBP Fault Trip Level FBP Input Bias Current IFBP IDRVP = 100µA 1.231 1.250 1.269 VFBP falling 0.96 1.00 1.04 V VFBP = 1.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers (VIN = 3V, VMAIN = VSUP = 14V, VPGND = VAGND = VBGND = 0V, IREF = 25µA, TA = -40°C to +105°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note3) PARAMETER IN Supply Range SYMBOL VIN IN Undervoltage-Lockout Threshold VUVLO CONDITIONS MIN MAX UNITS (Note 2) 2.5 6.0 V VIN rising, typical hysteresis = 150mV 2.05 2.45 V VFB = VFBP = 1.3V, VFBN = 0V, LX not switching IN Quiescent Current IIN 1.0 mA VFB = 1.2V, VFBP = 1.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VIN = 3V, VMAIN = VSUP = 14V, VPGND = VAGND = VBGND = 0V, IREF = 25µA, TA = -40°C to +105°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note3) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN MAX UNITS 1.210 1.280 V -1.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers 80 75 MAX9795A toc02 18 1.3 1.2 9 6 CURRENT INTO IN PIN 0 1.0 2.5 1000 100 CURRENT INTO INDUCTOR 3 70 10 12 1.1 VIN = 5V VMAIN = 13.9V 1 NO LOAD, SUP DISCONNECTED, R1 = 221kΩ, R2 = 21.5kΩ 15 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 85 1.4 SWITCHING FREQUENCY (MHz) MAX9795A toc01 90 EFFICIENCY (%) STEP-UP SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs. INPUT VOLTAGE MAX8795A toc03 STEP-UP EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 1, VIN = 5V, VMAIN = 14V, VGON = 25V, VGOFF = -10V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) GATE-OFF REGULATOR LOAD REGULATION GATE-OFF REGULATOR LINE REGULATION 0 VOLTAGE ERROR (%) 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 POWER-UP SEQUENCE MAX8795A toc12 MAX8795A toc11 0.2 MAX8795A toc10 0.4 VOLTAGE ERROR (%) A 0V -0.2 B -0.4 0V 0V -0.6 C D -0.8 -0.8 INEG = 50mA -16 IBOOST = 0mA -1.0 -1.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers OPERATIONAL-AMPLIFIER LARGE-SIGNAL RESPONSE OPERATIONAL-AMPLIFIER LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX8795A toc15 OPERATIONAL-AMPLIFIER SMALL-SIGNAL RESPONSE MAX8795A toc16 MAX8795A toc17 VSUP = 15V A 0V A A 0V 0V +50mA B 0mA B B 0V -50mA 0V 1µs/div 400ns/div A: OUTPUT VOLTAGE, 1V/div, AC-COUPLED B: OUTPUT CURRENT, 50mA/div 400ns/div A: INPUT SIGNAL, 5V/div B: OUTPUT SIGNAL, 5V/div A: INPUT SIGNAL, 100mV/div B: OUTPUT SIGNAL, 100mV/div Pin Descript
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers MAX8795A Pin Description (continued) 14 PIN NAME FUNCTION 17 OUT4 Operational-Amplifier 4 Output 18 POS5 Operational-Amplifier 5 Noninverting Input 19 NEG5 Operational-Amplifier 5 Inverting Input 20 OUT5 Operational-Amplifier 5 Output 21 LX n-Channel Power MOSFET Drain and Switching Node. Connect the inductor and Schottky diode to LX and minimize the trace area for lowest EMI. 22 IN Supply Voltage Input. IN can range from 2.5V to 6V.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers -10V gate-driver supplies. The input voltage range for the IC is from +2.5V to +5.5V. The listed load currents in Figure 1 are available from a +4.5V to +5.5V supply. Table 1 lists some recommended components, and Table 2 lists the contact information of component suppliers. The MAX8795A typical operating circuit (Figure 1) is a complete power-supply system for TFT LCDs. The circuit generates a +14V source-driver supply and +25V and LX L1 3.0µH VIN 4.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers Table 2.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers RESET DOMINANT CLOCK S R pnp PASS TRANSISTOR DRVP PGND Q npn CASCODE TRANSISTOR ILIM COMPARATOR VGON MAX8795A SOFTSTART VLIMIT FBP SLOPE COMP PWM COMPARATOR Σ CURRENT SENSE Figure 4. Using Cascoded npn for Charge-Pump Output Voltages > 36V OSCILLATOR FAULT COMPARATOR LX 0.1µF TO FAULT LATCH 1.14V VMAIN 14V ERROR AMP FB 0.1µF 68pF 1.233V COMP 6.8kΩ Q1 DRVP VGON 35V Figure 3.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers REG P is enabled after the REF voltage exceeds 1.0V. Each time it is enabled, the controller goes through a soft-start routine that ramps up its internal reference DAC in 128 steps. Gate-Off Linear-Regulator Controller, REG N The gate-off linear-regulator controller (REG N) is an analog gain block with an open-drain p-channel output. It drives an external npn pass transistor with a 6.8kΩ base-to-emitter resistor (Figure 1).
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers VREF 1.05V VMAIN VGON CDEL = DELAY _ TIME × I6µA 1.25V Switch-Control Block 12ms 1.25V INPUT SOFT- SOFTVOLTAGE START START OK BEGINS ENDS SWITCH CONTROL ENABLED VGOFF VDEL The switch-control input (CTL) is not activated until all four of the following conditions are satisfied: the input voltage exceeds VUVLO, the soft-start routine of all the regulators is complete, there is no fault condition detected, and VDEL exceeds its turn-on threshold.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers 30Ω p-channel switch (Q2) between DRN and COM turns off. If CTL is low, Q1 turns off and Q2 turns on. Fault Protection During steady-state operation, if the output of the main regulator or any of the linear-regulator outputs does not exceed its respective fault-detection threshold, the MAX8795A activates an internal fault timer.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers be tolerated on CIN if IN is decoupled from CIN using an RC lowpass filter (see R10 and C13 in Figure 1). ⎛ 5V ⎞ 2 ⎛ 14V − 5V ⎞ ⎛ 0.85 ⎞ L=⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ ≈ 3.3µH ⎝ 14V ⎠ ⎝ 0.5A × 1.2 MHz ⎠ ⎝ 0.5 ⎠ Rectifier Diode The MAX8795A’s high switching frequency demands a high-speed rectifier. Schottky diodes are recommended for most applications because of their fast recovery time and low forward voltage.
The number of positive charge-pump stages is given by: V +V −V nPOS = GON DROPOUT MAIN VMAIN − 2 × VD where nPOS is the number of positive charge-pump stages, VGON is the gate-on linear-regulator REG P output, VMAIN is the main step-up regulator output, VD is 60 VD = 0.3V TO 1V 3-STAGE CHARGE PUMP 50 G_ON (V) 40 2-STAGE CHARGE PUMP 30 20 10 1-STAGE CHARGE PUMP 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 VMAIN (V) Figure 8. Positive Charge-Pump Output Voltage vs. VMAIN NEGATIVE CHARGE-PUMP OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers COUT _ CP ≥ ILOAD _ CP 2fOSC VRIPPLE _ CP where COUT_CP is the output capacitor of the charge pump, I LOAD_CP is the load current of the charge pump, and VRIPPLE_CP is the peak-to-peak value of the output ripple. Charge-Pump Rectifier Diodes Use low-cost silicon switching diodes with a current rating equal to or greater than two times the average charge-pump input current.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers and gate-off linear-regulator controllers are 0.1mA. Therefore, the base-to-emitter resistor for both linear regulators should be chosen to set 0.1mA bias current: RBE = 0.7V VBE = ≈ 6.8kΩ 0.1mA 0.1mA The output capacitor and the load resistance create the dominant pole in the system.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers Operational Amplifier The power dissipated in the operational amplifiers depends on their output current, the output voltage, and the supply voltage: PDSOURCE = IOUT _(SOURCE) × (VSUP − VOUT _ ) PDSINK = IOUT _(SINK) × VOUT _ where IOUT_(SOURCE) is the output current sourced by the operational amplifier, and IOUT_(SINK) is the output current that the operational amplifier sinks.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers COMP FB IN LX OUT5 NEG5 POS5 OUT4 TOP VIEW 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 FBP 25 16 NEG4 DRVP 26 15 POS4 FBN 27 14 SUP DRVN 28 13 OUT3 DEL 29 12 POS3 CTL 30 11 BGND DRN 31 10 POS2 COM 32 9 NEG2 FBP 25 16 NEG4 DRVP 26 15 POS4 FBN 27 14 SUP DRVN 28 13 OUT3 6 7 8 OUT2 5 POS1 REF 4 NEG1 3 OUT1 2 PGND 1 AGND MAX8795A SRC MAX8795A Pin Configurations FB IN LX OUT5 NEG5 POS5 OUT4 TOP V
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers Package Information (continued) For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
MAX8795A TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers Package Information (continued) For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
TFT-LCD DC-DC Converter with Operational Amplifiers REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED 0 4/07 Initial release 1 6/07 Added LQFP package and G temperature grade versions 0 2 12/10 Added TQFN version 3 3/11 Added automotive-qualified part 1 4 6/11 Corrected automotive /V temperature range 1 5 5/12 Added automotive-qualified part 1 1, 2, 6–30 1–10, 27–30 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim