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UG.book Page ii Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Copyright © 2002 Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Adaptec, Inc., 691 South Milpitas Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035. Trademarks Adaptec and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc., which may be registered in some jurisdictions.
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UG.book Page 1 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM 1 Introduction In this Chapter Document Overview 1-1 Supported RAID Types 1-2 Features 1-7 SCSI Devices Supported 1-9 Supported Controllers 1-9 Document Overview This section reviews the contents of the Adaptec SCSI RAID Software User’s Guide and includes an introduction to the major features of your controller, as well as some of the terminology used.
UG.book Page 2 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Chapter 3, Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition, provides an indepth look at Adaptec Storage Manager, an easy-to-use storage configuration application that supports both local and remote management. This chapter describes the user interface, and provides step-by-step instructions on using Adaptec Storage Manager to configure and manage your storage subsystem.
UG.book Page 3 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Introduction Adaptec RAID controllers support the following types of array: RAID-0 A RAID-0 is created by striping data across two or more disk drives. Simple striping like this creates no redundancy to protect the data, but by sharing the load equally across multiple drives, it does provide the best read and write performance of any RAID type.
UG.book Page 4 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide The cost of this redundancy is inefficient use of capacity, because all data is written to both drives, only half of the total capacity is available. RAID-1 offers no write performance advantage over a single drive, but read performance benefits from being able to share the load between two drives. RAID-5 A minimum of three drives is required to create a RAID-5.
UG.book Page 5 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Introduction RAID-10 A RAID-10 is an example of a dual-level array and is created by using two or more equal-sized RAID-1s to create a RAID-0.
UG.book Page 6 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide RAID-50 A RAID-50 is a dual-level array created by using two or more equal-sized RAID-5s to create a RAID-0.
UG.book Page 7 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Introduction RAID Volume A RAID volume is created by joining two or more single-level arrays of the same RAID type. Unlike dual-level arrays, the arrays in a RAID volume do not have to be of equal capacity. In direct contrast to dual-level arrays, the second-level arrays in a RAID volume are not striped together, instead they are connected end-toend.
UG.book Page 8 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Table 1-1 lists the RAID type migrations supported by Adaptec Storage Manager. Table 1-1 Supported Array Migrations Current Array Type New Array Type RAID-0 RAID-5 or 10 RAID-1 RAID-0 or 5 or 10 RAID-5 RAID-0 or 10 RAID-10 RAID-0 or 5 RAID-50 RAID-0 or 5 or 10 See Chapter 3, Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition, for instructions on modifying arrays.
UG.book Page 9 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Introduction Automatic Rebuild On Replacement Adaptec RAID controllers support a feature known as Automatic rebuild on replacement. This may be useful in the event of a drive failure if no hot spare is available and the failing drive is in an SES or SAF-TE enabled drive enclosure.
UG.book Page 10 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Adaptec RAID controllers supported by Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition are listed in Table 1-2.
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UG.book Page 2 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide The Adaptec SCSI RAID Controller menu appears, presenting the following options: ■ Array Configuration Utility ■ SCSISelect Utility ■ Disk Utilities To select an option from this menu or from any of the menus within ARC, move the cursor to the option with the Up/Down arrow keys and press Enter. In some cases, selecting an option displays another menu.
UG.book Page 3 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using Adaptec RAID Configuration 2 From the ARC menu, select Array Configuration Utility. 3 From the ACU menu, select Manage Arrays. 4 From the List of Arrays dialog box, select the array you want to view information on and press Enter. The Array Properties dialog box appears, showing detailed information on the array.
UG.book Page 4 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide ■ You cannot make a non-00 array bootable if the array is in a build/verify or reconfiguration process. ! Caution: The controller always uses the lowest numbered array as its bootable array. If you delete array 00 for any reason, the next lowest numbered array will become the bootable array. Use the Ctrl+B option to mark the correct array as the bootable array (by making it array 00).
UG.book Page 5 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using Adaptec RAID Configuration Managing Failover Drive Assignments To assign a hot spare drive to an array: 1 Select Manage Arrays from the Main menu. 2 On the List of Arrays dialog box, select the array you want to assign a hot spare drive to, and type Ctrl+S. The Hotspare Management for Array dialog box is displayed, which shows the drives that can be assigned as hot spare drives.
UG.book Page 6 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Creating Arrays Before creating arrays, make sure the disks for the array are connected and installed in your system (or enclosure). Note that any disks with MS-DOS partitions, disks with no usable space, or disks that are uninitialized appear dimmed and cannot be used for creating a new array. For information on how to initialize a disk drive, see page 2-9.
UG.book Page 7 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using Adaptec RAID Configuration Assigning Array Properties Note that you cannot change array properties from the ACU once the array is created. To change array properties once the array is created, use Adaptec Storage Manager. To assign properties to the new array: 1 In the Array Properties menu, select an array type and press Enter. Note that only those array types available according to the number of drives selected are displayed.
UG.book Page 8 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide 4 Select the desired stripe size. The allowable stripe sizes are 16, 32, and 64 KB (the default). For RAID 50 arrays, 64 KB is the only stripe size supported by ACU. The default stripe size gives the best overall performance in most network environments. 5 Specify whether you want to enable read caching for the array.
UG.book Page 9 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using Adaptec RAID Configuration Initializing Disk Drives If an installed disk does not appear in the disk selection list for creating a new array or if it appears grayed out, you may have to initialize it before you can use it as part of an array. ! Caution: Initializing a disk overwrites the partition table on the disk and makes any data on the disk inaccessible. If the drive is used in an array, you may not be able to use the array again.
UG.book Page 10 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Using the SCSISelect Utility The SCSISelect Utility enables you to change device and controller settings without opening the system chassis or handling the card. If you want to view or change the current settings, see Starting and Exiting SCSISelect on page 2-10. For detailed descriptions of each setting, see Using the Controller Configuration Utility on page 2-11.
UG.book Page 11 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using Adaptec RAID Configuration Using the Controller Configuration Utility To access the Controller Configuration Utility: 1 When you turn on or reboot your system, press Ctrl+A to access ARC when prompted by the following message: Press for Adaptec RAID Configuration Utility 2 If multiple controllers are installed, select the controller you want to configure and press Enter. 3 From the ARC menu, select SCSISelect Utility.
UG.book Page 12 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide If Runtime BIOS is enabled and the BBS Support and Arraybased BBS Support options are disabled, the controller BIOS is enabled and will post the lowest numbered array (typically 00) on the first controller found as a legacy Int13h bootable hard disk drive. The default is Enabled.
UG.book Page 13 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using Adaptec RAID Configuration The Ctrl-B option in ACU moves any array to be array 00. Using this option repeatedly allows any boot order to be chosen. The default is Disabled. ■ Physical Drives Display during POST— The default is Disabled. ■ CD-ROM Boot Support — The default is Enabled. ■ Removable Media Devices Support — The default is Enabled. ■ Alarm Control — The default is Enabled.
UG.book Page 14 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide 5 The Select SCSI Channel menu is displayed. Select the appropriate channel from this menu. You can modify the following SCSI Channel Interface Definitions: ■ Controller SCSI Channel ID — Sets the controller’s SCSI ID. We recommend that you leave the controller set to SCSI ID 7, which gives it the highest priority on the SCSI channel.
UG.book Page 15 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using Adaptec RAID Configuration ■ Initiate Wide Negotiation — Determines whether the SCSI channel attempts 16-bit data transfer instead of 8-bit data transfer. The effective data transfer rate is doubled when 16-bit data transfer is used. The default is yes. ■ QAS — Determines whether QAS (Quick Arbitration and Selection) is used to eliminate overhead and speed up data transfers on the SCSI bus. The default is yes.
UG.book Page 16 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide The controller should not be powered off or rebooted during a disk format. Doing so may render the disk unusable until the format is manually restarted and completed. ! ■ Caution: A low-level format destroys all data on the drive. Be sure to back up your data before performing this operation. Once started, you cannot abort a lowlevel format.
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UG.book Page 2 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide About Adaptec Storage Manager Adaptec Storage Manager - Browser Edition is a web-based application that supports managing storage either locally (at the system in which the storage controller is installed), or remotely (from another system). Any system containing an Adaptec storage controller that has Windows or Linux and a supported browser installed can be managed locally.
UG.book Page 3 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition Adaptec Storage Manager - Browser Edition consists of the three major components: ■ A supported web browser, which should already be installed on the system. ■ The Adaptec web service which supplies content displayed on the web browser. ■ An Adaptec-supplied storage agent. For a locally managed system, all three components will be installed on the same system.
UG.book Page 4 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Login to Adaptec Storage Manager To login to a system with Adaptec Storage Manager installed: 1 Start Adaptec Storage Manager - Browser Edition. In Windows, you will find the application by clicking Start > Programs > SMBE > Adaptec Storage Manager - Browser Edition. In Linux, you will find it by clicking Start > System > Adaptec Storage Manager.
UG.book Page 5 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition To login from any system with a web browser: 1 Start the web browser application and type the IP address for the system you want to access in the address bar and press Enter. Example: https://10.6.3.14:3513/adaptec. When connection to the remote system is established the Adaptec Storage Manager Login screen will appear.
UG.book Page 6 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Installing a Security Certificate When using Adaptec Storage Manager for the first time after installation, you need to create a security certificate. Follow the steps below to create the certificate: 1 When the Security Alert window appears, click View Certificate. 2 On the Certificate window that appears, click Install Certificate. 3 On the Certificate Import wizard window that appears, click Next.
UG.book Page 7 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition Understanding Adaptec Storage Manager Shown below is an example of a typical Adaptec Storage Manager screen. . Note: Depending on your operating system, browser, and color scheme you may notice some differences between this illustration and your screen. At the top of the Adaptec Storage Manager screen is the header frame.
UG.book Page 8 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide For detailed instructions on using these buttons, see the sections Viewing Events on page 3-20, User Interface Options on page 3-19, Help on page 3-20, Displaying and Modifying Properties on page 3-21, and Viewing and Creating Tasks on page 3-27.
UG.book Page 9 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition At the top of the Physical Devices view, grouped to the right of View, are three view selection buttons . These buttons select how Adaptec Storage Manager displays the physical devices connected to this controller. Hot Spares Click the Hot Spare button to configure a drive or drives as hot spares. Hot spare drives are assigned to protect redundant arrays in the event of a drive failure.
UG.book Page 10 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide View is the default display mode and when expanded, will show the following information about each device: ■ Capacity of the drive ■ Drive manufacturer and model number ■ SCSI drive ID When expanded, the Full Size Capacity View button and the Relative Size Capacity View button represent each drive as a bar. A drive that is not used as part of any array is shaded blue surrounded by a dotted line.
UG.book Page 11 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition Logical Devices As described earlier, when Adaptec Storage Manager loads, the Logical Devices view is expanded and you can see the arrays present on the controller. At the top of this view are the following buttons: Create, Modify, and Delete.
UG.book Page 12 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide ■ Any second-level arrays that form a top-level array in the Logical Devices view. ■ The Events, Properties, and Tasks buttons in the header frame. This indicates that selecting any of these three buttons will bring up an additional window with information and options specific to that array.
UG.book Page 13 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition 4 Now you can accept the default name for the new array or enter one of your choice. The name you choose must be unique, and can be up to 15 standard ASCII characters in length. 5 When you click Finish, the system will create the new array.
UG.book Page 14 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide ■ Enable Or Disable Read Caching—When enabled, the controller will monitor read accesses to this array to try to predict where future reads may occur. If it detects a pattern, the data that seems most likely to be read next will be preloaded into the controller’s cache memory.
UG.book Page 15 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition For arrays which need to be initialized such as RAID-1 and RAID-5, advanced options allow you to select which method is used to initialize the array and set the priority of the initialization task. Step 3 in the Advanced area of the Create Array wizard offers the following initialization options: ■ Build—For a RAID-1, the data from the primary or master drive is copied to the secondary or slave drive.
UG.book Page 16 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Creating and Deleting Hot Spares Creating Hot Spares To create a hot spare: 1 Click on the button on the Physical Devices view. 2 In the Physical Devices view, select the drive(s) you want to make hot spares. Note: You cannot select a drive that is already used in an array as a hot spare. 3 The advanced option for the Hot Spare button describes how to dedicate a hot spare to protect a single array.
UG.book Page 17 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition Deleting Arrays To delete an array: 1 Click the Delete button on the Logical Devices view. 2 In the Logical Devices view select the array(s) you wish to delete. 3 Click Finish. Deleting an array destroys all the data on the array. To help prevent you from deleting the wrong array, a dialog will pop up listing the array(s) that you selected in step 2.
UG.book Page 18 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide The following rules apply to migration: 1 The capacity of the new array must match or exceed the capacity of the current array. 2 If the capacity and/or RAID type of the new array requires greater total drive capacity than the current array, the additional capacity must be on drives that are not already used in the current array. To modify an array: 1 Click Modify.
UG.book Page 19 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition User Interface Options Click Options to modify the behavior of some aspects of the Adaptec Storage Manager user interface. Changes take place immediately when you make a new selection in one of the dropdown lists. You can make changes in the following areas: ■ Second-Level Arrays—The default is to hide second-level arrays in the Logical Devices view. You can choose to display second-level arrays.
UG.book Page 20 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Viewing Events The Events button allows you to view events for all supported controllers in the system. The following information is available for each event: ■ the date and time the event occurred ■ the severity of the event ■ a brief message describing the event. The default is All which displays all levels of event: Critical, Warning and Informational.
UG.book Page 21 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition Displaying and Modifying Properties Click Properties to see additional details about many of the components on the Adaptec Storage Manager screen. To see properties about a particular controller, channel, device, or array, select that item before clicking Properties. If Properties is amber, clicking on it will open a window with further information and options about the item selected.
UG.book Page 22 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Alarm Tab Appears for Adaptec RAID controllers equipped with an audible alarm. The following options are available: ■ Disable—Click this button if you want to disable the alarm, that is, if you do not want an audible warning of a problem with this controller. Default is enabled. When Disable is selected it becomes the Enable button. ■ Test—Use this button to test the alarm.
UG.book Page 23 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition Details Tab This window lists details of some components for this controller: ■ Monitor, Kernel, BIOS versions—These are the version numbers of the different software components loaded on the controller. For some controllers all three components may not be present. ■ Hardware version—The revision level of the controller hardware.
UG.book Page 24 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide ■ Revision—The version number information stored on the device. ■ Data Rate—The data transfer speed negotiated between the controller and this device. ■ SCSI ID, LUN—For devices on a SCSI channel the SCSI ID and LUN of the device are reported. These do not apply for ATA and Serial ATA devices and will always return 0.
UG.book Page 25 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition SMART Tab For hard disk drives that support SMART predictive failure reporting, this additional tab will appear with the following entries: ■ Enabled—indicates if SMART reporting is enabled on this device. ■ Predictive failure occurred—indicates if this device has reported a predictive failure. LED Tab The tab appears or hard disk drives, and has two buttons, Blink LED and Unblink All.
UG.book Page 26 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Fans and PSU Tabs The Fans and PSU (Power Supply Units) tabs contain a table listing, by number, all the fans/PSUs in the enclosure and their status. Temperature Tab The Temperature tab contains a table listing all of the temperature sensors in the enclosure by number. For each sensor the current temperature and status is displayed.
UG.book Page 27 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition ■ Capacity—The physical capacity of the selected array in gigabytes with the number of blocks in parenthesis. ■ Stripe Size—Where applicable, the stripe size of the selected array. ■ Hot spare—Indicates, for redundant arrays, if a hot spare protects the selected array. ■ Logical drive number—A number assigned to the selected array by the controller. This number is only used by the controller.
UG.book Page 28 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide It is only possible to create tasks for arrays or drives. If you select Tasks for a channel, controller, or the system, all relevant tasks will be displayed. When Adaptec Storage Manager is installed a scheduled task is created to perform a weekly background consistency check of all hot spares in the system. This task can be seen by clicking Tasks when it is blue, that is when nothing is selected.
UG.book Page 29 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition To create a task: 1 2 3 4 5 6 Select the array or drive you want the task to run on. Click Tasks. Select the New Tasks tab. Select the type of task from the drop-down list. Select the priority for the task. The default is High. If you want the task to start immediately, click OK. Or, if you want to schedule the task for later, select Schedule.
UG.book Page 30 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide The notifier utility is named slightly differently depending on which operating system you are using. For all versions of Microsoft Windows the utility is named notify.exe, while for Novell NetWare it is named notify.nlm, and for all Linux and Unix variants it is named anotifyd. All versions of the utility support the -c switch.
UG.book Page 31 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition Enabling and Configuring the Notifier Service Before you begin to configure e-mail notification you need to have the following information available: ■ The SMTP mail server host name or IP address. ■ The port that SMTP mail server is configured to use. The default value of 25 was chosen because it is the default for most SMTP mail server packages. If you are unsure ask your e-mail administrator.
UG.book Page 32 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Controlling ARCPD for NetWare To stop the ARCPD using NetWare, type unload arcpd.nlm then unload notify.nlm. To restart the ARCPD, type load arcpd.nlm then load notify.nlm. Configuring the Notifier Service To configure the notifier service: 1 Place your cursor at a command prompt in the directory where Adaptec Storage Manager was installed.
UG.book Page 33 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec Storage Manager-Browser Edition 3 When you have completed all selections, press 4 to exit. Table 3-3 Commands for Event Log Event Commands Event Log Levels 1 Critical 2 Warning 3 Informational 4 Exit Configuring E-mail Notification After you have selected the level of events, you will be asked if you would like to configure e-mail notification. Choosing N (no) exits the notifier configuration mode.
UG.book Page 34 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Reconfiguring E-mail Notification To change the level of events e-mailed to a user, or to stop all messages from being sent to a user, re-run the notifier in configuration mode. At the system event log prompt, press Y. The configured events you previously selected will be displayed. Press 4 to exit the display.
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UG.book Page 2 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Introducing the Command Line Interface To configure and manage components running on the controller, Adaptec provides an easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) called Adaptec Storage Manager as well as a command line interface (CLI). The CLI provides an alternative to Adaptec Storage Manager.
UG.book Page 3 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface ■ From the UNIX/Linux prompt To access the CLI from the UNIX/Linux prompt, display a window and type aaccli in any directory. When the system displays the CLI> prompt, you can use CLI commands. For the commands to work in any directory, the path in the startup file (.login or .cshrc) must include the directory where the software is installed.
UG.book Page 4 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Using the CLI Brief descriptions of many of the CLI commands are provided later in this chapter. This section contains some examples of using CLI commands to perform common tasks.
UG.book Page 5 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface Before you can work with arrays, you must have previously opened the controller. In addition, you must have initialized your disk(s) to prepare for array operations. The minimum size of an array is 10 MB. Before creating any array, use the disk show space command to display information about your disks.
UG.book Page 6 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Creating a RAID 0 When creating a RAID 0, you need to determine the stripe size that is most suitable for your environment. The stripe size attribute indicates the number of bytes in a stripe, the amount of data written to a segment before the I/O data stream switches to the next segment in the stripe. The stripe size can be 16 KB, 32 KB, or 64 KB. The default stripe size is 32 KB.
UG.book Page 7 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface Creating a RAID 5 When creating a RAID 5, you need to determine the stripe size that is most suitable for your environment. See Creating a RAID 0 for more information about determining the appropriate stripe size for your environment. To recreate the data of a failed disk in a RAID 5, you use a form of redundancy called parity.
UG.book Page 8 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Enabling Spares A spare disk (also called a “hot spare”) is a disk that you configure to recover data from a failed segment/disk in a redundant array. To assign one or more spare disks for a single array, use the container set failover command. To assign one or more spare disks for all arrays, use the container set global_failover command.
UG.book Page 9 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface To display a controller’s automatic rebuild on replacement status, use the controller show automatic_failover command. In the following example, rebuild on replacement is indicated as DISABLED.
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UG.book Page 11 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface Before opening a controller, you may want to use the controller list command to display a list of controllers. In the following example, the Adapter Name column indicates that AAC0 is the name of the controller installed on the computer. The example also indicates the controller’s path, which is \\.\ CLI> controller list Executing: controller list Adapter Name Adapter Type ----------------------\\.
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UG.book Page 13 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface Displaying Array Information The CLI enables you to display and manage the attributes (characteristics) of arrays using the following commands: ■ container list Array Attribute: Indicates: drive letter Letter associated with an array. Not automatically assigned when you create an array. root special file UNIX/Linux root special file associated with the array and created by the operating system after array creation.
UG.book Page 14 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide 4-14 Array Attribute: Indicates: resident file system Type of file system, if any, that resides on an array. Usage column. multi-partition container That a file system resides on a multipartition array (array that has multiple operating systems or MS-DOS partitions). Usage column. netware environment The array resides in a NetWare system. Usage column.
UG.book Page 15 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface Example of container list: AAC0> container list Executing: container list Total Label Type Oth Stripe Size Scsi Ctr Size Usage Partition C:ID:L Offset:Size ----- ----- ----- --- ------ ------- ----- -----------Volume 30MB 0 None Venus ■ 2:01:0 64KB: 15MB 2:02:0 64KB: 15MB container show cache Cache Attribute: Indicates: global container read cache size Number of blocks dedicated to the read cache.
UG.book Page 16 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide The CLI Commands For details on the CLI commands, refer to the Command Line Interface Reference Guide available in PDF format on the distribution CD-ROM enclosed with your controller. General Control Commands Command Summary: close Closes the currently opened controller. exit Closes the opened controller and exit the CLI. help [/full] [{command}] Invokes general or topical help.
UG.book Page 17 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface open [/readonly{=boolean}] [/domain{=string}] {string} Opens a controller for access by the CLI. The controller must be open before any command can be targeted at that controller. Parameters {string}—Computer name and the controller to open. Switches /readonly{=boolean}—Specifies whether to open the controller for read-only access. A value of TRUE opens the controller for read-only access.
UG.book Page 18 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Container (Array) Commands Before working with arrays, you must have previously opened the controller. In addition, you must have initialized your disk(s) to prepare for array operations. The following commands are used to display, create, and manage arrays. Command Summary: container add_level {container} Creates a multilevel volume array which contains the array as its only element.
UG.book Page 19 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface container create mirror [wait{=boolean}] [/io_delay{=integer}] {container} {scsi_device} Creates a RAID 1 from a single entry volume. Parameters {container}—ID of the array on which to create a RAID 1 (mirror). {scsi_devices}—ID for the SCSI device whose available space to use for mirroring the volume specified in the {container} parameter. Switches /wait—Specifies synchronous RAID1 creation.
UG.book Page 20 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide container create mstripe [/stripe_size{=integer}] [/label{=string}] {container} [{container}...] Creates a multilevel RAID 0 (stripe). Parameters {container}—ID of the array from which to create the multilevel RAID 0. {container}...—ID(s) of array(s) from which to create the multilevel RAID 0. Switches /stripe_size—Stripe size for the RAID 0. /label—Label for the RAID 0.
UG.book Page 21 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface container create new_mirror [/cache{=boolean}] [/clear{=boolean}] [/label{=string}] [] [/scrub{=boolean}] [/wait{=boolean}] {free_space} [{scsi_device}...] Creates a RAID 1 (mirror) from two available spaces.
UG.book Page 22 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide container create stripe [/cache{=boolean}] [/stripe_size{=integer}] [/label{=string}] {free_space} [{scsi_device}...] Creates a RAID 0 (stripe). Parameters {free_space}—SCSI device and its associated available space to use to create the RAID 0. {scsi_devices}...—One or more SCSI devices. Switches /cache—Specifies whether to enable the array’s raw cache mode. /stripe_size—Stripe size for the RAID 0.
UG.book Page 23 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface container delete [/always{=boolean}] [/unconditional{=boolean}] {container} Deletes the array. Parameters {container}—ID of the array to delete. Switches /always—Specifies to delete the array even if it has data . (Cannot override open files.) /unconditional—Specifies that the array be deleted even if it has a file system. (Overrides open files.
UG.book Page 24 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide container promote {container} Creates a multilevel volume from a RAID 0 or a single entry volume. Parameters {container}—ID of the array to promote into a multilevel array. container readonly {container} Sets the protection on the array to read-only access. Parameters {container}—ID of the array to set to read-only access.
UG.book Page 25 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface /raid10—Reconfigure the array into a RAID 10 (stripe of mirrors). /restart—Restart reconfiguring the array. /stripe—Reconfigure the array into a RAID 1. /volume—Reconfigure the array into a volume. /wait—If specified, waits for reconfiguration to complete before returning. container release_cache {container} Releases the controller’s cache buffers.
UG.book Page 26 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide container restore RAID5 {container} Tries to restore a RAID 5 that has a number of dead segments as members. Parameters {container}—ID of the RAID 5 to restore. container scrub [/io_delay{=integer}] [/no_repair{=boolean}] [/wait{=boolean}] {container} Checks and repairs the consistency of a redundant array (for example, RAID 5 or mirrors). Parameters {container}—ID of the redundant array to build.
UG.book Page 27 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface /write_cache_enable—Specifies whether to set the container's NVRAM write-back cache to disable, enable when protected, or enable always. Use this switch in conjunction with the /unprotected switch. container set failover {container} {scsi_device} [{scsi_device}...] Assigns an automatic failover disk for a single array. Parameters {container}—ID of the array on which to assign an automatic failover disk(s).
UG.book Page 28 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide container set label {container} {string} Assigns a new label to the array. Parameters {container}—ID of the array to which to assign a label. {string}—Specifies the label to assign. container show cache {container} Displays caching parameters for an array. Parameters {container}—ID of the array whose associated cache parameters to display.
UG.book Page 29 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface Controller Commands The following commands are used to display the status of a variety of controller attributes and to perform such tasks as pausing and resuming I/O and enabling or disabling automatic failover. Command Summary: controller details Shows details about the open controller and software. controller firmware compare [/C{controller_ID}] [{controller_ID}...
UG.book Page 30 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide controller list [/domain{=string}] [{string}] Lists all controllers or displays information about the currently opened controller. Parameters {string}—Computer name from which to display a list of controller or specific information about the open controller. Switches /domain—Specifies the domain in which the host to be searched resides. Supported on Windows XP, Windows 2000 and Windows NT.
UG.book Page 31 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface controller set automatic_failover [/failover_enabled{=boolean}] Turns on or off automatic failover for the controller. Switches /failover_enabled—Specifies whether to turn on or off automatic failover on the controller. Specify 1 to enable, 0 to disable. The default is 0. controller set container_verify [/verify_enabled{=boolean}] Turns the container verify task on or off.
UG.book Page 32 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Diagnostic Commands Use the diagnostic commands to provide technical support personnel with information needed to troubleshoot controller problems. Use these commands only under the direction of technical support personnel. Command Summary: diagnostic clear boot_parameters Clears all boot-time parameters. diagnostic dump structures{string} Saves internal data structures.
UG.book Page 33 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface diagnostic set boot_parameter{string} {integer} Sets the boot-time parameter. Parameters {string}—Name of the boot-time parameter. {integer}—Value for the boot-time parameter. diagnostic show boot_parameter {string} Displays the value of the boot-time parameter. Parameters {string}—Boot-time parameter character string whose associated value you want to display.
UG.book Page 34 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Disk Commands Use the disk commands to manage disks connected to a RAID controller. The CLI enables you to monitor disk characteristics and parameters, prepare a disk for use, and detect defects. Command Summary: disk blink {scsi_device} {integer} Causes the disk access light to blink. Parameters {scsi_device}—ID of the SCSI device to blink. {integer}—Number of seconds for the SCSI disk to blink.
UG.book Page 35 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface disk remove dead_partitions {scsi_device} Removes all failed segments from a disk. Parameters {scsi_device}—ID of the SCSI device from which to remove failed segments. disk set default {scsi_device} Sets the default SCSI ID for use in CLI commands. Parameters {scsi_device}—ID of the SCSI device.
UG.book Page 36 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide disk show default Displays the current default for the SCSI device ID. disk show defects [/full{=boolean}] {scsi_device} Shows the number of defects and/or the defect list for a specific disk drive. Parameters {scsi_device}—ID of the SCSI device. Switches /full—Specifies whether to display the defect count and the list of defects.
UG.book Page 37 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface disk show space [/all{=boolean}] [{scsi_device}] Displays space usage information. Parameters {scsi_device}—ID of the SCSI device for which to display space usage information. Switches /all—Specifies whether to display all space usage. disk verify [/repair{=boolean}] [/wait{=boolean}] {scsi_device} Verifies all blocks on a SCSI device and, optionally, repairs any bad blocks.
UG.book Page 38 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Logfile Commands Command Summary: logfile end Ends logging of all output and closes the log file. logfile start [/append{=boolean}] {string} Begins logging of all CLI command line activity to a file. Parameters {string}—Name of the file to contain to contain CLI command line activity. Switches /append—Specifies whether to append all CLI command line activity to an existing output file if one exists.
UG.book Page 39 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface Task Commands Use the CLI commands to display and manage tasks. A task is an operation that occurs only on the controller, asynchronous to all other operations. Examples of tasks are clearing a disk and creating a RAID 1. Once a task is running on the controller, the CLI enables you to display, stop, suspend, and resume the task.
UG.book Page 40 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide Enclosure Commands The enclosure commands operate on enclosure management devices that support Version 1.0 of the SCSI Accessed Fault-Tolerant Enclosures (SAF-TE) specification. If you are not using an enclosure, the following commands will not be available. Command Summary: enclosure activate slot {enclosure} {slot} Activates a device in a slot in the SAF-TE enclosure.
UG.book Page 41 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface enclosure prepare slot {enclosure} {slot} Prepares a device in a slot for insertion/removal. Parameters {enclosure}—ID associated with the enclosure management device on which to prepare a slot. {slot}—Unit number associated with the slot. enclosure set alarm [/on{=boolean}] {enclosure} Turns the audible alarm on or off.
UG.book Page 42 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide enclosure set interval {second} Sets the monitor reporting interval (in seconds). Parameters {second}—Number of seconds for the monitor reporting interval. enclosure set power {enclosure} {powersupply} Turns on or off a specific power supply. Parameters {enclosure}—ID associated with the enclosure management device. {powersupply}—Unit number associated with the power supply.
UG.book Page 43 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Using the Command Line Interface enclosure show fan [{enclosure}] [{fan}] Displays the status of a specific fan. Parameters {enclosure}—ID associated with the enclosure management device for which to display fan status. {fan}—Unit number associated with the fan. enclosure show power [{enclosure}] [{powersupply}] Displays the status of one or more power supplies.
UG.book Page 44 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Adaptec SCSI RAID 2120S/2200S Software User’s Guide enclosure show temperature [{enclosure}] [{sensor}] Displays temperature status of a specific enclosure. Parameters {enclosure}—ID associated with the enclosure management device for which to temperature status. {slot}—Unit number associated with the temperature sensor whose status to display.
UG.book Page 1 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM A Glossary A activity See task. ACU Array Configuration Utility. An application used to create, configure, and manage arrays from the controller’s BIOS or MSDOS. array A logical disk created from available space and made up of one or more segments on one or more physical disks. Arrays are typically used to provide data redundancy and/or enhanced I/O performance. For more information, see the Adaptec SCSI RAID Software Reference Guide.
UG.book Page 2 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary automatic rebuild on replacement In the event of a drive failure in a SAF-TE or SES enclosure attached to a controller with no available hot spares, if rebuild on replacement is enabled then when the failed drive is replaced with a new drive, a rebuild will start automatically. available space Unused space on an initialized disk from which logical devices (arrays) are created.
UG.book Page 3 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary build Background initialization of a redundant array. The array is accessible throughout. RAID 5 generates parity based on the current contents of the member segments while RAID 1 copies the contents of one (master) drive to a second (slave) drive. bus See channel. C cache Fast-access memory on the controller that serves as intermediate storage for data that is read from or written to devices.
UG.book Page 4 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary consistency check command Command that reads all the blocks of a RAID 1 or RAID 5 to determine if the blocks are consistent. If any inconsistent blocks are detected, they are fixed. container See array. Container is another term for array used in the Adaptec SCSI RAID Software Reference Guide. D dead partition See failed.
UG.book Page 5 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary drive LED Disk indicator LED that illuminates during Read or Write operations. dual-level array Logical disk created from two or more single-level arrays. See also RAID 10, RAID 50. E enclosure Physical housing for disks, which usually contains one or more power supplies, fans, and temperature sensors. Enclosures are normally external to the computer to which they are connected, although some computers do contain internal enclosures.
UG.book Page 6 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary F failed State of a non-redundant array that has suffered a single drive failure, or a a redundant array that has suffered multiple drive failures will be failed and become inaccessible. This will result in data loss. failed segment A segment that is no longer usable by an array because it is either logically bad, and therefore no longer needed, or physically damaged.
UG.book Page 7 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary G global hot spare Disk that can replace a failed component in any array on the same controller, provided that the available capacity is at least equal to that of the failed component. See also hot spare. H hard disk See disk. hot spare Disk configured to be available to automatically receive reconstructed data in the event of a drive failure in a redundant array. See also rebuild, global hot spare.
UG.book Page 8 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary L legacy disk Disk that contained a valid partition table when connected to the controller. The controller manages the disk as a legacy disk array where there is a one-to-one logical to physical mapping of array to disk. logical device Device (disk) comprised of spaces from one or more physical drives and presented to the operating system as if it were one drive.
UG.book Page 9 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary monitoring Process of receiving, displaying, and logging system events. multilevel array See dual-level array. O OCE Online Capacity Expansion. The incremental expansion of an array that requires no downtime and retains all the attributes of the original array. See also reconfiguration, RAID 0, RAID 5. offline array Array that can no longer be accessed. offset Distance from the beginning of a disk to the start of a segment.
UG.book Page 10 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary Q quick init An array initialized using the Quick Init option is available immediately, with no on-going background controller activity. All data written to an array that has been quick initialized is protected. An array created using this option will remain in a Quick Init state, and for RAID 5 and 50 write performance will be degraded, until a verify with fix is run on the array.
UG.book Page 11 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary RAID 10 Dual-level array created by using two or more equal-sized RAID 1s to create a RAID 0. See also stripe, stripe set. RAID 50 Dual-level array created by using two or more equal-sized RAID 5s. See also RAID 0, stripe, stripe size. RAID signature The area on each disk reserved for use by the RAID controller. RAID volume Concatenation of multiple RAID 0, RAID 1, or RAID 5 arrays.
UG.book Page 12 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary SCSI Small Computer System Interface. High-speed parallel communication scheme permitting data transfer rates of up to 320 MB/sec using the Ultra320 specification. The current specification supports up to 15 devices per channel. See also ATA. SCSI device ID Or SCSI ID. Number assigned to each SCSI device attached to a SCSI channel. Also known as target ID.
UG.book Page 13 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary snapshot Instantaneous read-only copy of an array at a precise point in time. spanned volume Concatenation of segments on two or more drives. spare See hot spare. stripe Contiguous set of data distributed across all the disks in an array. A stripe set distributes, or stripes, data evenly across its respective disks in equal sized sections called stripes.
UG.book Page 14 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary top-level array Upper array in a dual-level array. For example, the RAID 0 in a RAID 10 is a top-level array. V verify Low-level check that a drive, logical device, or hot spare is good. In a RAID 5, verify is a low-level check that data and parity is consistent and logs errors and, optionally, corrects errors in parity.
UG.book Page 15 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM Glossary W warning threshold temperature User-specified temperature limit above which Adaptec Storage Manager - Browser Edition displays a warning in the Enclosure view windows, the Enclosure Properties dialog box, and the Enclosure Fans, Temperature Sensors and Power Supplies dialog box.
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UG.book Page 2 Saturday, October 26, 2002 12:08 PM R Adaptec, Inc. 691 South Milpitas Boulevard Milpitas, CA 95035 USA © 2002 Adaptec, Inc. All rights reserved. Adaptec and the Adaptec logo are trademarks of Adaptec, Inc. which may be registered in some jurisdictions. Stock Number: 513218-06, Ver.
