AWE 120-24 Advanced Wireless Ethernet Bridge Rev 2 Installation & Configuration Guide JUL 2001 Rev 3
Contents Important Information .................................................................... vii Safety Considerations ...................................................................................................................... vii Warning Symbols Used in this Book ........................................................................................... vii Notices ................................................................................................ix Copyright Notice .......
Tools and Equipment 12 1 Obtain Network Plan ..................................................................................................................13 2 Assemble Units ..............................................................................................................................13 3 Configure Units .............................................................................................................................
Setting the Default Gateway IP Address (future) Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address (future) Setting the MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes 41 41 41 IP Filter Configuration .................................................................................................................... 42 Viewing IP Filter Configuration Enabling IP Packet Filtering Enabling IP Address Filtering Setting Default IP Address Filtering Setting Up IP Address Filter 42 45 45 45 46 RF Station Configuration ..................
System Commands ...........................................................................................................................98 Viewing System Command Menu Setting Default System Image Setting the Reboot System Image Rebooting the Current Image Restoring Factory Configurations Resetting Radio and Ethernet Statistics 98 99 100 100 101 102 Link Monitor Display ....................................................................................................................
Antenna Installation Factors Minimal Clearance Above Obstructions Installing Antennas Fine-tuning Antennas Co-locating Units 124 125 125 126 126 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal ..............................................127 Starting HyperTerminal® ............................................................................................................ 127 Determining the Communications Port ...................................................................................
vi AWE 120-24 Installation & Configuration Guide
Important Information Please be aware of the following new features. • Tx power of remote units can be monitored and adjusted automatically using Link Monitor/Output Power: Automatic Power Output or Dynamic Power Output (feature not available with SW revision 0.0.0). • Indoor antennas are not supplied with the shipping contents. To test and configure units you need to purchase a Bench Test Kit (9000-0035). For bench testing, antennas must be separated by at least 2 meters. • IP Filter format has changed.
Important Information ! WARNING All antennas and equipment must be installed by a knowledgeable and professional installer. CAUTION Never operate a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port. Operating a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port can permanently damage a unit. ! Important Antennas must be selected from a list of Wi-LAN approved antennas. See Wi-LAN’s Antenna Selection, page 122 for list.
Notices Copyright Notice Copyright© 2001 Wi-LAN, Inc. All rights reserved. This guide and the application and hardware described herein are furnished under license and are subject to a confidentiality agreement. The software and hardware can be used only in accordance with the terms and conditions of this agreement.
Notices If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following methods.
Distributor Technical Support Distributor Technical Support Distributors may contact Wi-LAN’s Technical Assistance Center (TAC) for technical support on Wi-LAN products. When requesting support, please have the following information available: • Description of the problem • Configuration of the system, including equipment models, versions and serial numbers.
Notices xii AWE 120-24 Installation & Configuration Guide
Description Features The AWE 120-24 is a wireless Ethernet bridge that provides high-speed, wireless connectivity at a fraction of the cost of wired solutions. It operates over the 2.4 – 2.48350 GHz ISM radio band and has a maximum raw wireless data rate of 12.0 Mbps. • Provides wireless connectivity at speeds up to eight times faster than regular T1 lines, making the AWE 12024 ideal for providing high-speed Internet access or for wirelessly extending existing communications infrastructures.
Description License-Free ISM Bands 26 MHz Wide 900 MHz North America 902 MHz 928 MHz 83.5 MHz Wide 2.4 GHz Worldwide 2.4 GHz 2.4835 GHz 125 MHz Wide 5.8 GHz Worldwide 5.725 GHz 5.85 GHz Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology converts a data stream into packets and spreads the packets across a broad portion of the RF band. The particular spread pattern depends upon a code. With multi-code DSSS (MC-DSSS), multiple codes and spread patterns are employed.
Some System Applications Remote Units: Remote units receive and transmit wireless data to the base station.You need at least one remote unit for each wireless link. Remotes can limit the amount of data passed by the remote (a function called throttling), and they can filter data packets based on their IP address. Because remote units communicate only with the base station, their antennas can be more directional and have higher gains than base antennas.
Description Point-to-Multipoint Wireless Network Wired Network Router Switch Hub Firewall Remote Wireless Links Main Wired Network Wired Network Router Switch Hub Firewall Base Remote Router Hub Switch Firewall Base station polls Remote Units Wired Network Router Hub Switch Firewall Remote Direct remote-to-remote communication can occur if a direct RF link can be established between remotes, and if remotes are in the same RF group.
Some System Applications Creating a Network with Cells Cells or data nodes can be created with AWE units to maxmimize coverage, minimize interference, and increase data throughput. Directional antennas are mounted on a mast to divide cells into sectors.Each sector is connected to an antenna and a base station. Directional antennas increase signal gain within the sector and increase the distance possible between base stations and remotes.
Description Using a Repeater Base A base station can function as a repeater to enable wireless data communication around physical obstacles such as tall buildings or mountains. The repeater passes data around the obstacle to any remote in the same RF group. The single unit repeater slows data throughput due to the "store and foreward" process where each packet is handled twice. A dual unit repeater does not slow data throughput.
AWE 120-24 Unit AWE 120-24 Unit The AWE 120-24 has indicator LEDs on the front panel. Front Panel Air Air Mode Wire Mode Wire Power Power The front panel connector and LEDs are described below. The color of a LED indicates its status.
Description Connectors for serial maintenance port, power, antenna and wired network are located on the back panel, as well as a mode button and a link LED. Rear Panel Power Antenna Port Air Vent Serial Port Link LED Antenna Power Serial Port Link Ethernet Mode Mode Button Ethernet Items located on the back panel are described below. 8 Antenna N-type female connector antenna port is located at the top left of the rear panel.
AWE 120–24 Specifications AWE 120–24 Specifications General Specifications Modulation Method: Multi-Code Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (MC-DSSS), time division duplexing (TDD) Wireless Data Rate: 12 Mbps raw data rate/up to 9 Mbps operational RF Frequency Range: 2.4 - 2.4835 MHz (unlicensed ISM band) Power Requirements: 12Vdc (via 110/240 VAC 50/60 Hz adaptor) 30W (2.5A) maximum power consumption Physical: Size: 19.3 x 4.4 x 25.5 centimeters (7.6 x 1.75 x 10.
Description Wireless Networking Protocols Network Topologies: Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint, Multipoint-to-Multipoint Repeater Mode: User Configurable Private Network User configurable using repeater and RF Group RF Collision Management: Dynamic Polling with Dynamic Time Allocation Security Data Scrambling: User Configurable Data Security Password: Security password of up to 20 bytes in length (1048 combinations) Configuration, Management, and Diagnostics Configuration Methods: SNMP, tel
Installation Overview This section explains how to install AWE units.You will assemble, configure and test units in a controlled environment so that any problems can be solved easily, and then install units in the field. By going through this process, you will help ensure a successful installation, save time spent on-site, and reduce travel between sites. The following basic process should be followed.
Installation Shipping Package Contents The shipping package contains the following items. • AWE unit • Power supply, table top adapter (12 Vdc) • Power supply cord • ferrite block(s) • Installation and Configuration Guide • Warranty Card If any of the above items are not included in the AWE 120-24 shipping package, contact Wi-LAN customer support. You may also require the following items.
1 Obtain Network Plan 1 Obtain Network Plan The network plan describes the network in detail, including the following.
Installation Antenna and Power Connections Indoor Antenna Antenna port SMA to N-type Adaptor Coaxial Cable DC Power Plug 12 Vdc Hint: To turn unit power ON or OFF, connect or disconnect the power cord here. Power LED Power Supply Unit AC Power Cord 2. Check the power a) Plug the AC power cord into the AC power outlet. b) Plug the DC power plug (12 Vdc) to the unit’s power connector. c) Plug the AC power cord into the power supply unit.
3 Configure Units 3 Configure Units This section describes how to configure a base station and a remote unit, which are the two basic units required for a point-to-point wireless link. After you configure and test this basic equipment, you can configure and test all the remaining remote units. See Configuration, page 29 for detailed information about configuration settings. Configuring a Base Station When you configure a unit as a base station, you need to perform the following tasks.
Installation 2. Start the terminal emulation program. Use the following communication settings: 9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control. 3. Press Enter. The AWE Login window is displayed. Wi-LAN AWE 120-24 Login Software: Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (Aug 25 2000 10:13:37) Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash) Enter Password: 4. Type the default password (supervisor) and press Enter. The Main Menu is displayed.
3 Configure Units 6. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.
Installation 10. Select Logout to exit or press Esc. Note: At this time you may want to finish configuring the base station according to the network plan. See Configuration, page 29 for instructions about viewing and changing various settings. Configuring a Remote Unit When you configure a unit as a remote unit, you need to do the following tasks.
3 Configure Units Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.
Installation 10. Select Logout to exit or press Esc. Note: At this time you may want finish configuring the unit according to the network plan. See Configuration, page 29 for instructions about viewing and changing various settings. 4 Bench Test Units In this section, you will perform the following tasks.
4 Bench Test Units Basic Test Setup Indoor Antenna Indoor Antenna 2m minimum Coax Adapter Cable Coax Adapter Cable Air Mode Wire Air Power Mode Wire Air LED = orange Air LED = orange Base Unit Remote Unit Power 4. Power up the base station. The green Power LED is ON. The Air LED of the base unit is red. This Air LED color indicates that the unit is transmitting data but is not receiving a response. (The reason is that the remote is powered off.) 5. Power up the remote unit.
Installation Testing a Basic RF Link When both the base station and remote unit can receive and transmit data to each another (indicated by orange Air LEDs on both units), a basic RF link is established.You can now test the link with Link Monitor. Link Monitor tests a link by sending and receiving test data over a link, in both directions, at the same time. For information about testing a link in the receive or transmit direction only, see Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 52.
4 Bench Test Units of data packets that will carry test data. See Setting the Link Monitor Period, page 59 for more information.) The Link Monitor test starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered in the field. 4. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Background Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed.
Installation 1. Connect the Ethernet port of the remote unit to the wired LAN. 2. Place a ferrite block on the Ethernet cable and power cord, approximately 4 cm from jacks. Ethernet Connection Power Antenn a Ethernet Port Ether Ferrite block net Ferrite block Power cord To wired LAN or PC Internet port Ethernet cable 3. Connect the Ethernet port of the base station to the internet port of the PC.You can either connect via a network hub or connect directly using an RJ45 crossover ethernet cable.
4 Bench Test Units 4. Power up both AWE units. Initially the LEDs should appear as follows. Power LED Green Mode LED Off Air LED Orange 5. Configure the AWE units within your network. See Network Configuration, page 39 for information about AWE Internet addresses. See Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network, page 129 for information about configuring simple peer-to-peer networks. 6. Create some network traffic to test the wireless link.
Installation 5 Install Units This section provides some guidelines about installing units in the field. • Install the units at locations identified in the network plan. Some units will simply sit on a table or desk and do not require any special antenna work. Other units must be installed inside communication cabinets or racks and will require professional antenna installation. CAUTION Never operate a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port.
6 Test Network Point-to-Multipoint Installation The procedure for installing a point-to-mulitpoint system is the same as the procedure for installing a pointto-point system. Treat each link in a point-to-multipoint system as a single, point-to-point wireless link.
Installation Network Test Setup Indoor Antenna Indoor Antenna Base Unit Air Mode Wire Remote Unit Air Power Mode Wire Power PC LAN 10/100 BaseT HUB PC with LAN analyzer software Preventative Maintenance and Monitoring You should set up a preventative maintenance schedule for your network. Wi-LAN recommends that the following preventative maintenance be performed at least semi-annually. • Regularly run link monitor tests across the network and measure BER and fade margin.
Configuration Overview This section explains how to use the Main Menu to configure and test your AWE unit, and to obtain useful statistical and maintenance information. Main Menu In this section, each item in the Main Menu is described in the order that it appears in the menu. See Appendix F: Menu Map, page 151 for a complete listing of submenus. Use the Main Menu and your keyboard keys to select, view or change settings.
Configuration Accessing the Main Menu You can access the Main Menu of a AWE unit with a HyperTerminal ® session or other terminal emulation software or a telnet session. Most instructions provided in this chapter assume that you have opened a HyperTerminal session. You can also configure the AWE 120-24 remotely with the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). See Appendix D: SNMP, page 135 for information about SNMP.
Accessing the Main Menu Accessing Units via telnet To access units via telnet 1. Ensure that the unit’s Internet IP address has been configured, the unit has a working Ethernet connection, and wire and remote access has been enabled (see Allowing Remote Access and Configuration, page 96). 2. Ensure that the VT100 Arrows feature in your telnet session is enabled. See Setting VT100 Arrows, page 31. 3.
Configuration Configuring with the Main Menu This section describes how to configure units using the Main Menu. Menu items are discussed below in the order that they appear in the menu.
Configuring with the Main Menu Example: 1. From the Main Menu place the cursor -> next to RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.
Configuration Unit Identification Viewing Unit Identification You can view a unit’s serial number, production date, and MAC address with the Unit Identification menu. The fields are view only and are set at the factory. You can also view the Unit Name/Description, Unit Location, and Contact Name. These fields are optional and can be changed. ➧ To view unit identification information 1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification and press Enter. The Unit Identification menu is displayed.
Unit Identification Assigning Unit Identification Information You can assign a name, location and contact name to units. This information will help you to distinguish units by physical location or by meaningful names rather than station rank only. Unit identification information is optional. ➧ To assign or change unit identification information 1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification and press Enter. The Unit Identification menu is displayed.
Configuration Hardware/Software Revision Viewing System Revision Information The System Revision Information window shows the revision information of the unit including memory revision number, memory size and software revision number. ➧ To view system revision information 1. From the Main Menu, select Hardware/Software Revision and press Enter. The System Revision Information window is displayed. The menu is view only. System Revision Information Hardware ROM Size RAM Size Rev 0.0.
System Software ROM Images System Software ROM Images Viewing System Software ROM Images A ROM image is the software that a unit uses to operate. The System Software ROM Images window lists software images currently available in the unit. New images can be loaded into a unit’s Flash ROM from an outside source such as a PC or EPROMs inside the unit that contain the software can be replaced.
Configuration System Current Status Viewing System Current Status The System Current Status window provides administration information such as the amount of time a unit has been running and login statistics. ➧ To view system current status 1. From the Main Menu, select System Current Status and press Enter. The System Current Status window is displayed. The window is view only.
Network Configuration Network Configuration Each AWE 120-24 unit in a system must have a valid Internet IP address and subnet mask to communicate via TCP/IP.You will need to know this information to remotely manage units.Your system administrator should be able to supply you with this information. Viewing Internet IP Addresses and Subnet Mask ➧ To view the Internet IP addresses and subnet mask 1. From the Main Menu, select Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu is displayed.
Configuration Setting the Internet IP Address ➧ To set the new Internet IP address 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu is displayed. Network Configuration Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100 New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) -> 192.168.1.100 Internet IP Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway IP Address 0.0.0.0 SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 0.0.0.0 MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes (1-60) 5 2. Select New IP Address and press Enter.
Network Configuration Setting the Default Gateway IP Address (future) You can define the IP address of the system gateway. This address designates the main entry point into the network and is usually in the same subnetwork as the unit IP address. ➧ To set the default gateway IP address 1. From the Network Configuration menu, select Network Configuration. The Network Configuration menu is displayed. 2. Select Default Gateway IP Address and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3.
Configuration IP Filter Configuration Two different IP filters are available: a packet filter, and an address filter. The IP packet filter determines which type of packets are allowed to pass through a unit. If the IP Packet Filter is OFF, the unit passes all packets. If the IP Packet Filter is ON, the unit passes only IP and ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) packets. IP address filters are actually tables that contain lists of IP addresses.
IP Filter Configuration off (disabled) All packets are passed on (enabled) Only IP (Internet Protocol) packets and ARP packets can pass off (disabled) Packets from all LAN-side IP addresses can pass on (enabled) Packets from all LAN-side IP addresses are subject to IP filter Default IP Address Filtering Pass Block If IP Address Filtering is off, this item is inactive.
Configuration occurs, the action specified by Default IP Address Filtering takes precedent, which is "Pass". Therefore all packets with IP addresses that "overlap" will be blocked. All packets containing a LAN-side IP addresses not within either filter range are subject to the action specified by Default IP Address Filtering (passed). Example 2: .
IP Filter Configuration Enabling IP Packet Filtering IP Packet filtering should initially be set to off so you can start from a known state and observe changes that result from using the IP packet filter. ➧ To enable or disable IP packet filtering 1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select IP Packet Filtering and press Enter. The data field highlights.
Configuration Setting Up IP Address Filter ➧ To set up an IP address filter 1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select Range in the Filter Entry 1 row and press Enter. The data field in the Range column highlights. IP Filter Configuration IP Packet Filtering IP Address Filtering Default IP Address Filtering Filter Entry ------------------- Range (0-255) ------------------- -> off on Pass Base Address ------------------- State ------------------- 1 -> 100 0.0.0.0 Pass 2 0 0.0.0.
RF Station Configuration RF Station Configuration The RF Station Configuration menu enables you to choose the operating mode, run some tests and optimize the RF link. Four tests can be run from this menu: link monitor test, transmit test, receive test and RSSI test. You can optimize a link by setting the maximum remote distance to a remote and by controlling the rate of data throughput (throttling).You can also block a unit so that it cannot pass any data.
Configuration Test Mode Timer Minutes Maximum time in minutes that a unit will be allowed to stay in test mode Maximum Remote Distance Distance value compensates for polling delay due to large distances Link Monitor Remote Station Rank Rank (or ID number) of the remote that you want to test Throttle Enable Turns throttling (data throughput control) on or off Throttle Level Determines the data rate of a remote unit.
RF Station Configuration Setting the Operating Mode Four modes are available: Normal Mode, Receive Test, Transmit Test, and RSSI Test. Normal Mode Normal operating mode of a unit. Unit transmits and receives data in both directions across the RF link. Link Monitor test is run with the unit set to Normal mode. (You can view the link statistics with Link Monitor Display.) Receive Test Receives test data only. Processes expected packet data and displays statistics on RS-232 monitor.
Configuration 3. Press the arrow keys to select the desired mode: Normal mode, Transmit mode, Receive mode, or RSSI mode. 4. Press Enter. The screen clears, and the Mode LED on the unit is ON. The color of the Mode LED indicates the current mode: Normal Mode = off, Transmit Test = red, Receive Test = green and RSSI Test = orange. 5. To exit a mode, briefly disconnect the power or press and hold the Mode button on the rear panel of the unit.
RF Station Configuration Setting Test Mode Timer Minutes Before you run any of these tests, you should set the maximum time, in minutes, that a unit will be allowed to stay in test mode. When this time period expires, the AWE unit performs an automatic software reboot and returns to Normal mode. (Test mode timer minutes setting applies only to Transmit Test, Receive Test, and RSSI Test modes.) Note: The test mode timer minutes can be changed only with this menu.
Configuration Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode) The link monitor test can be run from either a base station or a remote unit that is set to Normal Mode. The test operates in parallel with the message stream, so it consumes some of the link’s total data capacity.You can control the ratio of test data to message data (and thereby control the amount of test data overhead) by setting the link monitor period. See Setting the Link Monitor Period, page 59 for more information.
RF Station Configuration 11. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The data field highlights. 12. Type a link monitor period (1) and press Enter. Link Monitor starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered in the field. (A setting of 1 means that 50% of all data is test data.) 13. View the link statistics. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed.
Configuration 3. Select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.
RF Station Configuration 12. View the link statistics. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed. RF Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank Base to Remote BER Remote to Base BER Missed Packet Count Base to Remote Env Power Base to Remote Corr Power Remote to Base Env Power Remote to Base Corr Power 1 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0 27 28 29 30 13. Check for BER = 0.0E+00 and Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB.
Configuration ➧ To set up the receive unit 1. Connect a PC to the Serial port of the unit. 2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu. 3. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. 4. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The field highlights. 5. Select Receive Test and press Enter. The Mode LED on the turns green, indicating that the unit is receiving. The link statistics are displayed on the receiving unit.
RF Station Configuration Performing the RSSI Test RSSI mode is used to measure the signal strength (fade margin) of a system. When running the test between two units, the transmit unit is set to Transmit Test mode (using either the RF Station Configuration menu or the Mode button). The receive unit is put into RSSI Test mode (using either the RF Station Configuration menu or the Mode button). The Air LED on the receiving unit indicates the fade margin. ➧ To run the RSSI test 1.
Configuration Setting the RF Transmit Status This setting can block a unit (or link) from carrying data traffic. It is used to disable units and to discontinue service to customers if necessary. ➧ To set RF transmit status 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.
RF Station Configuration Setting the Link Monitor Period The Link Monitor Period determines the ratio of test data to message data that is sent when you run the link monitor test. The higher the period number, the smaller the ratio of test data to message data. The following diagram shows the ratios of test data to link data Link Monitor Period Settings Packet Ratio (Test/Link) Period Setting 1 Test Msg 2 Test Msg 3 Test Msg 50% (1/2) 33.
Configuration 2. 3. 4. 5. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the period setting (0=OFF, 1-10000) Press Enter.The test starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Setting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only) The Maximum Remote Distance setting is used to optimize dynamic polling by compensating for time delays caused by long distances between the sending unit and the receiving unit.
RF Station Configuration Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank When you run the Link Monitor Test from a base station, you need to specify the rank (ID number) of the remote that you want to test. When you run the link monitor test from a remote, there is only one base, so the rank number does not need to be entered. ➧ To set the link monitor remote station rank 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.
Configuration Adjusting Throttling (Remote Station Only) Throttling enables you to control the rate that data passes though a remote, so data throughput can be adjusted to make the data rate compatible with the rest of the system. Throttling restricts the flow of data from air to wire or from wire to air. When throttling is enabled, the amount of data passed is equal to the throttling level times 64 kbps, to a maximum of 6.4 Mbps.
RF Station Configuration Setting Tx Power Automatically (Remote Station Only) Link Monitor/Output Power can be used to adjust a remote unit’s Tx power automatically. Three modes of operation are available: Normal mode is used to run Link Monitor normally. Link Monitor tests the link and collects statistical information about link operation, which can be viewed with the Link Statistics screen.
Configuration Link Monitor again. If no bit errors occur again and power level is adequate, it once again drops the Tx power level by a dB and runs Link Monitor. This process repeats until a power level occurs where no bit errors occur and power level is satisfactory. This level is the minimum power level required for operation and is displayed numerically by Current Output Power Level Adjust on the screen.
RF Station Configuration 2. Select Link Monitor/Output Power and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Scroll to choose Normal, Auto Power Output or Dynamic Output Power and press Enter where Normal Tests packets are sent and received across an RF link and link statistics are displayed (view with Link Monitor Statistics screen). This mode can be used for both base and remote units.
Configuration Adjusting User Output Power Ceiling (Remote Station Only) The output power ceiling is used to limit the maximum output transmit power of a remote unit. The value entered is the amount of attenuation in dB below the factory-set power ceiling. ➧ To adjust the user output power ceiling 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.
RF Station Configuration Setting Signal Margin (Remote Station Only) The signal margin is the output transmit power (measured in dB) desired for a remote unit with respect to the base station’s receive sensitivity threshold). This value is used by Output Power Control test modes to set the transmit power.
Configuration Viewing Current Output Power Level Adjust Current Output Power Level Adjust is a view-only item. It displays the current Tx power level, which was initially set using Tx Power Level Adjust (see Adjusting the Tx Power Level, page 78) and which is set automatically when performing an Automatic Output Power adjustment or Dynamic Output Power adjustment (see Setting Tx Power Automatically (Remote Station Only), page 63). ➧ To view the current output power 1.
Radio Module Configuration Radio Module Configuration The Radio Module Configuration menu is used to change several key parameters, including station type, station rank and security passwords. Because these settings can affect service, they are changed in three progessive stages: new, current, and flash. (New and current are for temporary storage, while flash is for long-term storage.) The general procedure for changing settings with the Radio Module Configuration menu follows. 1.
Configuration Station Type Defines unit as either a base station or a remote station Station Rank For a base station, the number of remotes that the base polls For a remote, the polling ID # of the remote Center Frequency Defines the channel the unit uses to transmit and receive Security Password n Password(s) for the unit Scrambling Code Code used to scramble messages Acquisition Code Code used to reduce system-induced interferance in a multisector system Config Test Minutes Amount of time be
Radio Module Configuration Setting Config Test Minutes When changing Radio Module Configuration settings, you may enter settings that cause a unit or system to not function as expected. If this happens, you can return to the last-saved settings if you first set the Config Test Minutes test period. When this test period expires, the unit automatically reboots and returns to its last-saved flash memory settings. The time period can be fixed from 1 to 120 minutes.
Configuration Setting the Station Type Each unit must be set up as either a base station or a remote station. In a given system there is only one base station, but there can be numerous remote stations. (A base station can also be set up as a repeater base.) You define the unit as a base station or remote unit by setting the Station Type. ➧ To set the station type 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.
Radio Module Configuration Setting the Station Rank Station Rank is defined two different ways, which depend on the station type: For a base station, rank is the total number of remotes that a base will poll. For a remote unit, rank is a unique polling ID number that identifies a remote to a base station. When it polls remotes, the base station begins polling at the remote with rank number 1, then proceeds to the remote with rank number 2, then goes to the remote with rank number 3, and so on.
Configuration Setting the Center Frequency The center frequency defines the channel a unit uses to transmit and receive. To ensure communication between units, all units in a system must have the same center frequency value. ➧ To set the center frequency 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 Center Frequency 2.
Radio Module Configuration Setting Security Passwords Passwords are always exchanged between units when they communicate with each other. A set of five security passwords is assigned to each unit. The set of passwords must be exactly the same for all units in a system. (A convenient, but non-secure option is to set all passwords to "0".) The more password levels you use, the greater the security of your system. For example, using a set of five different passwords will result in a highly secure system.
Configuration Setting the Scrambling Code To protect the privacy of a wireless link, units can scramble messages—the message content is rearranged so that messages are difficult to read by unintended receivers. The scrambling code determines how messages are scrambled by a unit. Only units with the same scrambling code as the originating unit can de-scramble and read the message. The scrambling code can be 0-32 bits long. All units in the same wireless network must have this setting set to the same value.
Radio Module Configuration Setting the Acquisition Code An acquisition code is a unique code contained within the preamble of a transmitted message. Units search the air for messages that begin with a particular acquisition code. Messages without the correct code are treated as interference and are rejected by a unit. Messages with the correct code are accepted and processed.
Configuration Adjusting the Tx Power Level Tx Power Level Adjust enables you to reduce the transmit power output level by up to 31 dB. For example, selecting a value of 0 sets the transmit power to maximum power, while selecting a value of –31 sets the transmit power to 31 dB below maximum power. The value is the intial Tx power level and is reset automatically when automatic power level adjustment is performed. See Setting Tx Power Automatically (Remote Station Only), page 63.
Radio Module Configuration Setting a Base to Repeater Mode (Base Station Only) When repeater mode is enabled at a base station, the base acts as a repeater in addition to performing its normal base station functions. As a repeater, the base station receives incoming messages from remotes, stores them and broadcasts them to all remotes within RF range. Remotes belonging to the same RF group (with the same RF Group number) can communicate via the repeater.
Configuration ➧ To set base to repeater mode 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.
Radio Module Configuration Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only) System symmetry type fixes the priority of the base unit when it polls remotes. The default "asymmetric" setting alots the base one time slot for each time a remote is polled—this setting is useful when the base is the access point to a large network. The "symmetric" setting alots the base one time slot per polling cycle. A symmetric system gives the base station the same polling priority as a remote unit.
Configuration Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only) Dynamic polling improves system performance by reducing overhead due to idle remote units. A base station automatically learns which remote stations are active and which are idle. The base station waits a brief time period for a remote to respond to a poll. If the remote doesn’t respond within the time period, the base considers the remote to be idle. (This process is called dynamic time allocation or DTA.
Radio Module Configuration Setting Remote Unit RF Group The RF Group setting enables you to determine which units in a system can communicate with each other.
Configuration A repeater is used to bypass obstacles that block the RF path (for example, a mountain). When a base station is set to repeater mode (Repeater Mode = on), it can pass data from remotes in an RF group to other remotes in the same group. A system with a repeater is a closed system. Example 3 shows a repeater with four remotes. All the remotes are in the same RF Group 4, so they can talk to each other via the repeater base.
Radio Module Configuration In a mixed system, each RF group behaves according to the RF Group charactersitics assigned to it (0 = closed , 1–63 = open; same non-zero group number = communication, different non-zero group number = no communication). ➧ To set remote unit RF group 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.
Configuration Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations Because changes to Radio Module Configuration settings can affect service in a wireless system, changes are made in three progessive stages: new, current, and flash. New Intended configuration changes. Temporary memory storage. Current Configuration actually running on the unit. Temporary memory storage. Flash Configuration stored in FLASH memory. Long-term memory storage.
Radio Module Configuration ➧ To save current configuration to FLASH 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.
Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics Ethernet and RF statistics are useful for troubleshooting, monitoring link performance, and measuring throughput. Ethernet and RF statistics are cumulative and increment until reset. The window is view only. See Resetting Radio and Ethernet Statistics, page 102 for information about resetting RF/ Ethernet statistics. Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics ➧ To view RF and Ethernet statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select RF/Ethernet Statistics and press Enter.
RF/Ethernet Statistics RF Super Frame Rx RF Receive Ethernet Receive .
Number of Ethernet packets transmitted onto the Ethernet connection Packets From Local Host Number of Ethernet packets transmitted onto the Ethernet connection which originated from the AWE 120-24 unit’s TCP/IP stack Packets Dropped Number of Ethernet packets not transmitted due to some error, for example, unable to transmit within 15 retries or underflow error Total KBytes Transmitted Total number of kbytes transmitted from the Ethernet port (broadcast and non-broadcast packets) Broadcast KBytes Tra
System Security System Security The System Security menu is used to control access to a AWE 120-24 unit, including the following. • Restrict access to a unit’s Main Menu with passwords • Restrict SNMP read and write access with SNMP Community Name • Enable or disable remote access via Ethernet • Enable or disable remote access via a wireless link • Determine the amount of time that a unit remains idle before it automatically logs out Viewing System Security ➧ To view system security settings 1.
Configuration Wireless Access to Local Host Allows remote access to unit to change configuration settings via RF link with telnet or SNMP Auto Logout Minutes Maximum time the system can remain idle before the configuration menus close and the Login menu reappears 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.
System Security Assigning Community Names Community names can be used to control SNMP access to the AWE unit. Community Name 1 has read only access, and Community Name 2 has both read and write access. An SNMP manager can access and configure any AWE unit on the network as long as the unit has the correct community names and remote access is enabled (see Allowing Remote Access and Configuration, page 96).
Configuration Setting Menu Passwords You can use passwords to control access to the Main Menu. The default passwords are user, which allows you to read configuration settings and supervisor, which allows you to change configuration settings. CAUTION The default passwords are printed in all customer documents distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to change the default passwords to unique passwords during installation. Record all password changes.
System Security ➧ To change the supervisor password 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed.
Configuration Allowing Remote Access and Configuration One way to control remote access to a unit’s configuration menu is by restricting the type of link that can be used to make remote configuration changes.The default setting is to allow remote configuration changes with both wired and wireless links using telnet or SNMP. However, you can enable or disable the type of link independently with two settings: Ethernet Access to Local Host and Wireless Access to Local Host.
System Security Setting the Auto Logout Minutes You can specify the maximum time the system can remain idle before the configuration menus close and the Login menu reappears. This feature ensures that the configuration menus close if a user forgets to exit. Note: When the menus automatically timeout, the system may appear to be frozen. Press Enter to view the Login menu, where you can login to the Main Menu. ➧ To set the automatic logout timeout period 1.
Configuration System Commands System image files contain the software that runs the unit. When you first power up the AWE unit, it runs from the factory-image. With the System Commands menu you can choose the image file that a unit uses to power up and the image file that a unit uses when rebooted. Viewing System Command Menu ➧ To view system security settings 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed.
System Commands Setting Default System Image The default image is the image file that a unit uses when it powers up. If you have more than one image saved on a unit, you can choose the default power up file. ➧ To set the default image 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed.
Configuration Setting the Reboot System Image You can choose the system image that a unit uses when it is rebooted. ➧ To choose the reboot image 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed.
System Commands Restoring Factory Configurations If necessary, you can restore the unit to its original factory configuration. This command puts the unit into a known state, which can help you when troubleshooting, and also provides an easy way to remove custom configuration settings when you deinstall a unit. ! Important When you restore factory configurations, the login passwords reset automatically to default values (user and supervisor). ➧ To restore the factory configuration 1.
Configuration Resetting Radio and Ethernet Statistics The statistics displayed in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are cumulative, but can be reset to track specific events and for troubleshooting. (See Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 88 for information about viewing the statistics). For example, a suspected RF problem can be diagnosed by resetting the radio statistics and simulating the situation suspected of causing the problem. ➧ To reset radio statistics 1.
Link Monitor Display Link Monitor Display Viewing Link Monitor Statistics Link performance statistics such as envelope power, correlation power and bit error rate can be viewed while the link monitor is running. Statistics are only available on the unit running the link monitor test. The window is view only. ➧ To view link monitor statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select Link Monitor Display. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed. The window is view only.
Configuration Logout Logging Out There are two ways to log out of the main menu. ➧ To log out of the Main Menu From the Main Menu, select Logout and press Enter. or 1. Press the Esc key on the keyboard until you reach the wilan command line. Enter ESC to return to Main Menu wilan> logout 2. Type logout at the wilan> prompt. 3. Press Enter to log out.
Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button Selecting RF Tests with the Mode Button You can use the Mode button at the back of the unit to select and run RF tests. (The other method of running RF tests is with the RF Station Configuration menu. See Setting the Operating Mode, page 49 for more information about running tests from a menu.) ➧ To select the operating mode with the mode button 1. Press the Mode button once and release it quickly. The unit goes to Transmit Test mode. Mode LED = Red. 2.
Configuration Command Line Interface You can perform some basic commands with the command line interface. Type the commands from the prompt. ➧ To use the command line interface 1. Log in to the AWE unit. The Main Menu is displayed. 2. Press Esc. The wilan> prompt appears. wilan> 3. Type a command after the prompt and press Enter. The following are some commands you can run with the command line interface.
Troubleshooting Administrative Best Practices By performing some administrative best practices and preventative maintenance, you can prevent many problems with your system, or become aware of minor problems before they become serious ones. Wi-LAN recommends the following practices. • Maintain the integrity of the system design when adding or changing a system. The introduction of new elements to a system can cause problems unless the network plan is revised to take into account the changes.
Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Areas There are five key areas to be aware of when troubleshooting. Network Integrity: Continued performance and reliability of a network depends upon maintaining the integrity of the network. If you change a network’s design, you will affect its operation. Be aware of recent changes to your network. Quality of RF link: Data communication depends first on the quality of the RF link.
Troubleshooting Areas Troubleshooting Chart Indication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective Actions High BER Signal strength is too low Perform RSSI test to determine fade margin Align or change antennas or cables Ensure LOS between antennas Signal strength is too high Adjust antennas Increase distance between units Interference Change center frequency Increase RF power Change polarization of antennas Physically isolate antenna from source of interference or change physical location of antenna Bad
Troubleshooting Indication High packet loss No communication between units Possible Cause Suggested Corrective Actions No Fresnel zone clearance Increase antenna height to obtain clearance Relocate antenna Remove obstacles to LOS (line of sight) Use repeater base configuration Power supply problems Try a different AC circuit Measure the power at the AC outlet Measure the output from the power supply unit Replace the power supply unit Signal strength too low Check for LOS between antennas Check fo
Troubleshooting Areas Indication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective Actions IP address/subnet mask–Incorrectly configured IP addresses will result in units being unable to communicate Check that IP addresses are unique for each unit within a subnet and the correct subnet mask is being used Antenna or cable failure or damage Visually inspect antenna and cables for damage Sweep antenna and cables Replace antenna or cables Polling sequence Check polling round number.
Troubleshooting Indication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective Actions Unit will not operate Faulty unit Bench test unit Corrupt unit software Reload unit software Throttling level Check if throttling is correctly configured Center frequency Set units from different systems in the same geographic area to different center frequencies—overlapping wavelengths from other systems will degrade performance Overpowering co-located unit Output power from one unit can overpower another co-located radio,
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link To ensure an effective and reliable wireless link, you first need to perform some network planning. This section provides some general guidelines for planning a wireless link, including the following: • Planning the physical layout of your system • Determining antenna and cable requirements • Determining configuration settings for units • Calculating a link budget Planning the Physical Layout You need to plan the physical layout of your wireless system.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Measure the Distance Between Units Use a mapping method or GPS (global positioning system) to measure the distance between the base station and each remote, and check the radio path to identify any obstructions in the site path between the two antennas. Due to the high frequency and low output power permitted in the ISM bands, no obstructions can exist between the base station antenna and the remote unit antennas.
Determining Unit Configuration Settings Determining Unit Configuration Settings Configuration settings of units should be determined before installation to ensure easy installation and to reduce installation costs. An information sheet should be prepared for each unit that specifies the basic configuration settings of that unit.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Variable Description Fresnel Radius Distance around line-of-sight that must be clear of obstacles Cable Loss Signal loss experienced as it passes through the coaxial cable, expressed in dB Path Loss Total loss from one end of the path to the other. Includes propagation losses, cable losses and any other losses that impact the system performance Each variable is described below.
Calculating a Link Budget Antenna Gain To ensure the best range and interference suppression, the external antenna should be directional, focusing the radio energy in one direction (toward the other end of the link) rather than onmi-directional. Use of a directional antenna also reduces interference from other systems operating at the same frequency. Note: In some situations, you may want to use an omni-directional antenna in your system design.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link For the 2.4 GHz band, the approximate is Fresnel Radius calculated as follows. Fresnel Radius (meters) = 3.4 d km + ( d km ⁄ 8.12 ) Formula: 2 Cable Loss Cable and connector losses affect the operation of the wireless link and therefore should be kept to a minimum by minimizing cable lengths and carefully selecting the type of cable.
Link Budget Example Link Budget Example System Gain + Antenna Gain ≥ Propagation Loss + Desired Fade Margin + Cable Losses + Connector Losses Formulas: or Actual Fade Margin ≥ System Gain + Antenna Gain – Propagation Loss – Cable Losses – Connector Losses and Actual Fade Margin ≥ Desired Fade Margin where: System Gain = Tx Power – Rx Sensitivity Antenna Gains = Tx Antenna Gain + Rx Antenna Gain Cable Losses = Base Cable Losses + Remote Cable Losses Connector Losses = Base System Connector Losses + Remote
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Antenna Basics Antennas focus and absorb radio energy in specific directions, depending on their design. AWE 120-24 antennas must be tuned to 2.40000 – 2.48350 GHz. This section contains basic information about antenna parameters and how to select and install antennas for use in your wireless system. Antenna characteristics, mounting location, and correct operation of antennas are critical to a wireless link.
Antenna Basics Parameter Description XPD • Polarity and Cross-Polarization Discrimination (XPD) • Antennas have an associated polarity, which is the orientation of the radiating element with respect to earth • Antennas are usually described as vertical, horizontal, or circularly polarized. The polarity of all antennas used in a system must be the same • Cross-Polarization Discrimination specifies the signal isolation achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the radiating element.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Selecting Antennas There are several factors to consider when selecting the right antenna for a wireless application. The following are some initial questions you should ask before selecting an antenna.
Antenna Basics Antenna Description Number Gain (dBi) Tiltek Planar 1200-0315 20 Tiltek Sectoral 1200-0318 10 Tiltek Sectoral 1200-0325 12.5 Tiltek Sectoral 1200-0316 10–15 Tiltek Sectoral 1200-0317 16 Tiltek Sectoral 1200-0319 13–17.5 Tiltek Sectoral 1200-0324 18.5 Tiltek HSectoral 1200-0326 11.5 Tiltek HSectoral 1200-0327 14 Tiltek Shrouded Yagi 1200-0330 11.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Antenna Installation Factors Some factors you should consider when installing antennas into your wireless system are listed below.
Antenna Basics Minimal Clearance Above Obstructions For the AWE 120-24, the absolute minimum clearance above obstructions requirements are as follows (in meters): 3.4m × d km @ 2.4 GHz Some example clearance requirements for 2.4 GHz links follow. Distance (km) Clearance (m) Distance (miles) Clearance (ft) 0.5 2.4 0.5 10.0 1 3.4 1 14.3 2 4.9 2 20.5 3 6.0 3 25.7 5 8.0 5 34.9 8 10.6 8 48.3 10 12.3 10 57.6 15 16.6 15 83.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link • The coaxial cable is connected to the antenna and to the Antenna port on both sides of the link (base and remote stations). • Antennas are grounded properly. Fine-tuning Antennas You can fine-tune the antennas by physically moving the antenna. When the remote antenna is correctly aligned, the Air LED is orange, indicating communication with the base station.
Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal The Windows 95/98 operating system includes a terminal emulation program called HyperTerminal ®.You can use this program to access the AWE 120-24 configuration menus through the Serial port on the front of the unit. Note: Users of the Asian version of Windows can use Tera Term shareware (available on the Internet) to configure the AWE 120-24. Starting HyperTerminal® To start HyperTerminal 1.
Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal 10. In the ASCII Sending area, choose the following settings. Send line ends with line feeds Clear the checkbox Echo typed characters locally Clear the checkbox Line delay Type 0 Character delay Type 0 11. In the ASCII Receiving area, do the following. Append line feeds to incoming line ends Click to select the checkbox Force incoming data to 7-bit ASCII Clear the checkbox Wrap lines that exceed terminal width Click to select the checkbox 12. Click OK.
Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network This section describes how to set up a simple network to perform file transfers between two computers.You need to perform the following tasks. • Check the Network Adaptor Installation • Configure the Network • Enable the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive Checking Network Adaptor Installation To check the network adaptor installation 1. From Windows® choose the Start menu, select Settings, Control Panel. The Control Panel window is displayed. 2.
Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network Configuring the Network To configure the network 1. In the Control Panel window, double-click the Network icon. The Network window is displayed.
Configuring the Network 2. In the list of network components area, double-click Client for Microsoft Networks. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window is displayed. Note: If Client for Microsoft Networks is not listed, click Add and select Client, Add, Microsoft, Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK. 3. In the Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window, do the following tasks.
Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network 5. In the Network window, double-click TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Properties window is displayed. Note: If TCP/IP is not listed in the Network window, click Add and select Protocol, Add, Microsoft,TCP/ IP, and then click OK. 6. Click the IP Address tab. 7. Click Specify an IP Address, and type the following. 8. 9. 10. 11. IP Address 196.2.2.1 Note: Increment the last digit by 1 (i.e. type 196.2.2.2) when configuring the second computer Subnet Mask 255.255.255.
Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive 12. In the Network window, click the Identification tab and type the following. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Computer Name Unique name for each computer. For example, computer 1 and computer 2 Workgroup Workgroup name. For example, Test Note: All computers in the network must have the same workgroup name Computer Description Description of the type of computer used. For example, laptop or desktop In the Network window, click the Access Control tab.
Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network 2. Right-click the hard disk drive icon (typically drive C:), and select Open. The Properties window is displayed. 3. Click the Sharing tab, and choose the following: Shared As Click the radio button Share Name Type C Comment Leave this field blank Access Type Click to select Full Passwords Leave these fields blank 4. Click OK. 5. Repeat this procedure for all PCs in the network.
Appendix D: SNMP About SNMP MIB Three elements are required to use SNMP: agent software, management software and a MIB file. SNMP agent software is contained in every AWE unit. Agent software enables a unit to interpret SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) MIB (Management Information Block) commands. SNMP management software is installed on a networked PC or workstation and enables a network administrator to remotely manage AWE units.
Appendix D: SNMP Wi-LAN Object Identifier Nodes The AWE 120-24 uses SNMP version 1, which is MIB 2 compliant. All OID (Object Identifier) nodes in the 120-24 private Wi-LAN MIB are numbered 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.n where n is a private Wi-LAN MIB node number or branch of nodes. All nodes containing statistical information are cleared on power up and reset. Values in all writeable nodes are stored in Flash memory and are retained until overwritten by the administrator, even following power down or reset.
JUL 2001 Rev 03 Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.8 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.9 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.10 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.11 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.12 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.13 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.14 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.
Group 138 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.9 ipFilter3State 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.15 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.8 ipFilter3Base ipFilter5State 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.7 ipFilter3Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.14 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.6 ipFilter2State ipFilter5Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.5 ipFilter2Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.13 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.4 ipFilter2Range ipFilter5Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.3 ipFilter1State 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.12 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.
Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.16 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.17 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.18 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.19 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.20 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.21 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.22 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.23 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18.24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.19 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.20 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.21 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.22 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.23 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.25 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.26 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.27 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.28 1.3.6.1.
Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.28.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.28.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.28.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.29 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.30 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.31 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.32 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.33 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.34 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.35 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.36 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.37 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.38 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.39 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.
Group JUL 2001 Rev 03 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.42 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.43 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.44 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.45 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.46 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.47 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.48 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.49 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.50 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.51 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.52 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.53 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.
Group 142 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.69 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.70 newScramblingCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.64 newCenterFreq newSecurityWord5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.63 newStationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.68 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.62 newStationType newSecurityWord4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.61 config61j 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.67 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.60 defNumOfPollRounds newSecurityWord3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.59 defRemoteGroup 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.66 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.58 defSystemType newSecurityWord2 1.
Group INTEGER INTEGER 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.72 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.73 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.74 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.75 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.76 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.77 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.78 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.79 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.80 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.
Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.82 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.83 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.84 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.85 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.86 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.87 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.88 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.89 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.90 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.91 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.92 Parameter remoteDistance 144 linkMonitorRank throttleEnable throttleLevel config86 config87 config88 config89 communityName1 communityName2 ethernetAccess INTEGER DisplayString (0..15) DisplayString (0..
JUL 2001 Rev 03 System Image List Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.93 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.94 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.95 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.96 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.97 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.98 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.99 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.
146 Statistics System Status Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.101 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.102 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.103 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.8 1.3.6.1.4.1.
Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.11 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.12 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.13 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.14 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.15 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.16 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.17 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.18 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.19 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.20 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.21 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.22 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.23 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.25 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.26 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.27 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.28 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.29 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.
148 System Commands Group 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.36 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.4 linkMonCorrPRtoB rebootCurrent rebootImage rebootNewRfConfig restFactConfReboot 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.35 linkMonCorrPBtoR resetEthernetStats 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.34 linkMonEnvPRtoB 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.33 linMonEnvPBtoR resetRadioStats 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 linkMonMissPktCnt 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.
Appendix E: Technical Reference Information Front Panel LEDs .
Appendix E: Technical Reference Information DC Power Plug Pinout 2 Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 +12 VDC GND N/C 3 1 Detail DC Power Plug Power Supply Unit 150 AC Power Cord AWE 120-24 Installation & Configuration Guide
JUL 2001 Rev 03 Network Configuration Internet IP Address New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) Internet IP Subnet Mask Default Gateway IP Address SNMP NMS Trap IP Address MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes System Current Status Cumulative Run-Time Current Run-Time Successful Logins Unsuccessful Logins Local User Logged In Telnet User Logged In FTP User Logged In System Software ROM Images (view only) System Revision Information Hardware ROM Size RAM Size Software File Name Unit Identification Serial Number Prod
Appendix F: Menu Map 152 AWE 120-24 Installation & Configuration Guide
Appendix G: Upgrading Software If necessary, you can upgrade the software of a AWE 120-24. This section explains how to use FTP to download a new software image to a AWE unit. Before you can download a new software image you need the following items.
Appendix G: Upgrading Software 6. Type ftp and press Enter where the IP address is the address of the AWE unit. The PC connects to the AWE unit. This IP address is an example only. Enter the IP address of your AWE unit. c:\wilan\images>ftp 192.168.3.85 Connected to 192.168.3.85 220 Wi-LAN AWE 120-24 Ethernet Bridge FTP Server User (192.168.3.85(none)): Note: ftp must be installed on your PC. 7. Type "awe" or "hopper" and press Enter. The password prompt appears. c:\wilan\images>ftp 192.168.
Activating New Software Images 10. Press Enter. The image file transfers from the PC to the AWE unit. The status of the transfer, the file size and the transfer time are displayed. ftp>put .\ 200 Port set okay 150 Opening binary mode connection 226 Transfer complete 10484 bytes sent in 0.11 seconds (95.31 Kbytes/sec) ftp>bye Tip: If you type ftp> help, online instructions for using ftp are displayed. 11. Type bye and press Enter to exit ftp and return to the DOS window. 12.
Appendix G: Upgrading Software 156 AWE 120-24 Installation & Configuration Guide
Glossary A absorption Antennas mounted too close to “soft” objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption. Absorption is most often encountered in applications installed during the fall or winter months. The problem does not become evident until the spring when leaves appear. acquisition code To minimize the effects of interference, all units in a system use the same acquisition code so the receivers can distinguish the desired signal from other interfering signals.
Glossary B base station The central control unit of the wireless network. A base station polls remote units and controls how traffic is routed to remotes. The base usually connects to a major access point of main wired network. beamwidth The beamwidth of an antenna describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna as well as the range of the reception area. Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power.
contentionless polling A form of dynamic polling that ignores idle remote stations. The number of polls that an idle remote is ignored can be set to maximize polling to active stations. Cross-Polarization Discrimination See XPD. D dB Decibel. A relative measure of power used to specify power gains and losses. The difference in power P1 and P2 expressed in dB is dB = 10 × log ( P1 ⁄ P2 ) DB9 A D-shaped connector with 9 pins.
Glossary dynamic time allocation (DTA) A process for determining how active a remote unit is. A unit is allowed a brief time to respond to a poll before the remote is considered idle. E EEPROM Electrically Erasable, Programable Read Only Memory: non-volatile memory. EIRP Effective Isotropically Radiated Power. EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to the air from the antenna.
front to back ratio (F/B) Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. This is achieved by directing the signal in one direction that reduces the signal in the opposite direction. A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio. ftp File transfer protocol. A network utility program for moving files between nodes. G gain The ability of a device to amplify a signal. Gain is the ratio of output power divided by input power, usually expressed in decibels (dB).
Glossary L link monitor A utility that sends known data over an active system to test the reliability of the RF link. The link monitor information is overhead, that is, it reduces the amount of available payload for message data. LOS (Line of Sight) A clear, visual line of sight between antennas. When standing at the antenna position, you must be able to see the remote antenna.
overhead Anything that reduces the payload capacity of a system is overhead, even if it serves a useful function. The link monitor data is used to determine transmission statistics, but it reduces the message carrying capacity of a wireless link and is considered overhead. P path loss The total loss from one end of the path to the other. This includes propagation losses, cable losses and any other losses that impact the system performance. PN Pseudo-random noise.
Glossary RS-232 Standards for serial communications, which define the voltages, currents, data rates and other factors about the signals to be used, as well as single-ended, differential, multi-drop operation. RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. Strength of received signal expressed in dB. The unit measures RSSI as a fade margin value. S scrambling code A code used to scramble messages, so that only units with the same scrambling can read the messages.
throttling Throttling limits the amount of data that a remote station passes. This feature is used to improve overall system performance by adjusting the throughput of a unit to match the throughput of other devices in the network. U uptilt See downtilt. V VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line. A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1.
Glossary 166 AWE 120-24 Installation & Configuration Guide
Index Numerics 10/100 BaseT connector 8 A absorption and antennas 121 defined 157 accessing configuration menus 30–31 acquisition code 77 configuring 77, 78 defined 157 adding to your network 27 address SNMP NMS trap IP address 41 adjusting Tx power level 78 adminstrative best practices 107 agent defined 157 agents SNMP 135 air vent fan air vent 8 antennas 120–126 absorption 121 beamwidth 120 clearance requirements 125 connector 8 cross-polarization discrimination 121 dBd vs.
Index basic test setup 21 beamwidth and antennas 120 defined 158 bench test 20 bench test kit part number 12 best practices 107 bit error rate defined 158 display in link monitor 103 blocking defined 158 C cable loss and link budget variables 116 defined 158 calculating EIRP 116 Fresnel radius 118 propagation loss 117 ceiling, user-specified power 63 center frequencies configuring 74, 75 center frequency 74 change user password 94, 95 changing configuration with SNMP 136 clearance requirements antennas 12
D dB defined 159 DB9 159 dBd defined 159 vs.
Index guidelines for field installation 26 H hyperterminal accessing menu with 30 starting 127 I IEEE 161 image files rebooting current 100 setting default 99 viewing 37 installation block diagram 11 description of block diagram 11 overview 11 installation guidelines 26 installing antennas 124 weatherproofing 114 installing units in the field 26 interference defined 161 multipath 121 internet IP SNMP NMS trap address 41 internet IP address 40 IP address filtering 45 IP filters 42 IP packet filtering 45 I
obtaining the 13 network testing with ftp 27 new software images activating 155 noise floor 63 normal operating mode 52, 53 notices copyright ix O object identifier nodes configuration 137 statistics 146 system image list 145 system status 146 using 137 OID nodes defined 162 Wi-LAN 136–148 open system 83 operating mode 49 configuring using menus 49, 51 original factory configuration 101 output power ceiling 66 output power, automatic 63 output power, dynamic 63 output power, viewing current 68 P panel bac
Index defined 163 pre-configuration steps 18 remote unit RF group 85 remote-to-remote communication 4 repeater 6 repeater base 79 repeater mode 79 repeater mode and RF group setting 84 repeater unit defined 163 resetting ethernet statistics 102 radio/RF statistics 102 restoring factory configuration settings 101 restoring factory configuration 101 RF defined 163 groups 85 resetting statistics 102 viewing statistics 88 RF group 85 RF network planning overview 113, 153 physical layout 113 prerequisites 113 R
defined 164 spread spectrum, MCDSS 9 station rank 73 station type 72 statistics 88 resetting statistics 102 viewing Ethernet 88 viewing RF 88 successful logins 38 supervisor password 95 default 30 sweeping antennas 26 symmetric base station system type 81 system physical layout 113 security 91 system gain defined 164 system image files 98 setting the default 99 system symmetry type 81 T telnet accessing units with 31 setting arrow keys in sessions 31 telnet user logged in 38 test time minutes 51 testing wi
Index configuring access via 96 wireless bridge 3 W-OFDM defined 165 174 AWE 120-24 Installation & Configuration Guide
Product Code: 5700-0037 Copyright© JUL 2001 Rev 03 We are interested in your comments. Please contact us by email at docfeedback@wi-lan.com if you have any comments about this user guide. AWE 120-24 Installation & Configuration Guide 5700-0037 JUL 2001 Rev 03 www.wi-lan.
