GigAccessTM - User Guide Installation and Operation Instructions PRELIMINARY February 2003 Rev A
February 2003 Rev. A Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 7 1.1. GENERAL............................................................................................................................. 7 1.2. GIGACCESSTM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ...................................................................................... 7 1.3. THE AU/SU OUTDOOR UNIT GENERAL DESCRIPTION ....................................
February 2003 Rev. A 10.3.8. Log to File ................................................................................................................42 10.3.9. View Log ..................................................................................................................42 10.3.10. Reset Text .............................................................................................................42 10.4. INSTALLATION W INDOW ..............................................................
February 2003 Rev. A Table of Figures Figure 1-1: General Description of typical sector in GigAccess™ System ......................................7 Figure 1-2: GigAccess™ Outdoor Unit............................................................................................8 Figure 1-3: Consecutive Sector principle ........................................................................................9 Figure 1-4: Outdoor Unit Block Diagram ...............................................................
February 2003 Rev. A Table of Tables Table 2-1: Regulatory Domain Specification ................................................................................ 14 Table 4-1: Integrated Antennas for GigAccess™ ......................................................................... 31 Table 4-2: Detached Antennas for GigAccess™.......................................................................... 31 Table 6-1: Max RF Power and Distance for FCC in point-to-multi-point ..................................
February 2003 Rev. A 1. Introduction 1.1. General The information contained in this manual provides GigAccessTM system overview and instructions for Planning, Installation, Configuration, and Operation of both the Access Units, the Subscriber Units including antennas and accessories. 1.2. GigAccessTM System Overview GigAccessTM is WaveIP’s wireless point-to-point and point-to-multipoint broadband communication system.
February 2003 Rev. A order to divide the bandwidth periodically, based on FRAME SIZE. The portion of the frame, which is allocated to the upstream traffic between the SUs, is TDMA (Time Division Multiplex Access) time domain technique. It is controlled dynamically and allows a very efficient way of channel capacity utilization. A small portion of the capacity is allocated for new SU registration. The registration slot is allocated to the SU based on slotted aloha algorithm.
February 2003 Rev. A In case of NLOS (Non Line of Sight) between the AU and the SU due to obstacles such as tall buildings or mountains, a consecutive sector can be used. In this case the SU Ethernet output feed a consecutive AU, which acts as a repeater to bypass the obstacle as shown in Figure 1-3.
February 2003 Rev. A 1.3. The AU/SU Outdoor Unit General Description SDRAM 132Mhz power and data port1 data power and data port2 Ethernet Block 25Mhz Crystal data Digital Block PHY Block 44Mhz Oscilator IF Block Filter 374Mhz RF Block Synthesizer Synthesizer (741 - 755 Mhz) (2035- 2125 Mhz) Operate Fixed : 748Mhz Operating Range : 2038 - 2110 Mhz RF OUTPUT CH00 = 2.412Ghz CH01 = 2.417Ghz CH02 = 2.422Ghz CH03 = 2.427Ghz CH04 = 2.432Ghz CH05 = 2.437Ghz CH06 = 2.442Ghz CH07 = 2.
February 2003 Rev. A 2. Installation 2.1. Packing List When you first open the package, verify that the unit is complete with the following components: • AU or SU Outdoor Unit • • Indoor Outlet. • Indoor Power Supply (AC input). • Pole mounting kit. • Sealing grommet and cap and clamping plates. Outdoor Unit with 13.5 dBi Indoor Outlet Integrated Antenna Pole Mounting Kit Outdoor Unit with 15.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.2. Additional Part List – Required for Installation • Outdoor Unit grounding cable • Indoor Outlet grounding cable (for metal Indoor Outlet only!). • Outdoor-to-Indoor CAT5 shielded cable (Up to 90 meters). • Indoor CAT5 cable. • RJ45 - Installation KIT. • RJ45 - Crimping tool. • Adjustable wrench + screwdriver. 2.3. Installation Overview This section provides installation information for GigAccess™ 2.4 system.
February 2003 Rev. A AU/SU - Outdoor Unit w ith integral Antenna 48VDC + Ethernet (CAT 5) Indoor Outlet 48V DC 100-240V AC AC/DC Power Supply Ethernet Data Cable CAT5 User computer Figure 2-2: GigAccess™ - General Installation Scheme WARNING: It is the responsibility of the installer to insure that when using the outdoor antenna kits in the United States (or where FCC rules apply), only those antennas certified with the product are used.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.4. AU/SU Outdoor Installation 2.4.1. Site Selection 2.4.1.1. Access Unit (AU) Location of the Access Unit is on the Service Provider sole discretion considering local topology and the desired cover. One (in case of Omni antenna) or several AUs (in case of directional antenna) forms the BS (Base-Station) – the central of a cell. The placement of AUs should be such that cells overlap slightly, to guarantee seamless wireless connectivity everywhere.
February 2003 Rev. A between the two antennas. Any obstacles in the path of the “line” degrade the propagation path. The best propagation path is, therefore, a clear line of sight with good clearance between the “line” and any physical obstacle. Physical Obstacles Any physical object in the path between Au and SU can cause signal attenuation. Common obstructions are buildings and trees.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.4.2. Mounting and Wiring Outdoor Unit mounting and installation will be performed only by personal licensed to install rooftop antenna equipment where such license required by the regulation authorities. On any installation case, only professional antenna installers will perform Outdoor Unit mounting and installation. Outdoor Unit can be mount on a pole or on a wall.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.4.3. Antennas 2.4.3.1. General Two types of antennas are available for the GigAccess™ system: • Integrated antenna • Detached antenna The necessary antenna gain depends on the required range and performance. IMPORTANT! Antennas must be selected from a list of WaveIP approved antennas. See Appendix A – WaveIP Approved Antennas, page 31 for list. According to FCC part 15.247(b): (1) “The maximum peak output power of intentional radiator shall not exceed 1 Watt” (+30 dBm).
February 2003 Rev. A According to ETSI: (1) The maximum EIRP shall not exceed +20 dBm (100 mWatt). IMPORTANT! To comply with the FCC/ETSI EIRP limits, the outdoor unit-transmit power need to be adjusting according to the installed antenna gain. Therefore a professional installation of the transmitter is required. The outdoor unit must be configured at the time of installation by qualified personal.
February 2003 Rev. A The GigAccess™ was designed to work with co-located antennas. That means that two antennas can be connected. The minimum distance between the two antennas should be 20 cm. The two antennas should be of the same type (Directional Flat Panel Antenna, or Base Station Antenna or Parabolic Dish). The main idea is to utilize two polarizations: one antenna in vertical polarization and the other in horizontal polarization. The user will select the antenna in need.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.4.3.4. SU Antenna Alignment Antenna alignment can be done with GigAccess™ Unit Manager software tool. The tool runs on PC with Windows operating system. In general, low gain antenna (such as omni antennas) do not required alignment due to their very wide radiation pattern. High gain antennas have a narrow beam width and therefore require alignment procedure in order to optimize the link.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.5. Subscriber PC Setup • • In Case of specific IP setup - Configure the PC NIC to the same specific IP address as configured in the Base Controller. For this configuration follow the following steps: o Press right click on the Network Neighborhood Icon. o Select the Protocol reed and press properties. o Choose the Specify an IP address and fill in the required specific IP address. In Case of DHCP setup - Configure the PC NIC obtain an IP address from DHCP server.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.6. Indoor Outlet Installation 2.6.1. Indoor Outlet Indoor Outlet is wall mounted. In case of multiple Indoor Units needed at the same location it is possible to attach the units to each other to form a stack unit.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.6.2. Cables Straight CAT5- Gauge 24-shielded outdoor rated cable, must be installed between Outdoor Unit and Indoor Outlet. It should be UV resistant and flame retardant. The cable should be UL listed and contain at least 4 twisted pairs. The outdoor cables scheme is given in Appendix F – Outdoor Cables Scheme. The Indoor Outlet side and Outdoor Unit side will crimped with RJ45 tool. CAT5 cable must not exceed 300 feet (91 meters).
February 2003 Rev. A Figure 2-7: Cable assembly to Outdoor Unit Figure 2-8: Cable insertion to Outdoor Unit. • Fasten the seal bracket. See Figure 2-9. • The unused port should be left sealed.
February 2003 Rev. A Figure 2-9: Cable connection to Outdoor Unit The Indoor Outlet side cables assembled as follows: 1. Crimp the RJ45 Plugs on cable ends to form the Outdoor Unit cable. 2. Plug the Outdoor Unit cable to the RJ45 Jack marked “AU/SU”. 3. Plug standard CAT5 cable from the PC to the RJ45 Jack marked “10/100 BT” 4.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.6.3. Grounding 2.6.3.1. Grounding the Outdoor Unit (AU /SU) The outdoor unit shall be connected to a protective earth with not less than 10 AWG conductors having green-yellow insulation. Figure 2-11 shows the grounding cable from outdoor unit external screw to adjacent grounding rod. The cable should be long enough to reach from the mounting pole to the grounding rod with 3 to 6 feet extra to allow for strain relief.
February 2003 Rev. A 2.6.3.2. Grounding the Indoor Outlet (Metal Version Only!) The indoor Outlet shall be connected to a protective earth with 18 AWG conductors having greenyellow insulation. The grounding cable shall be connected to the indoor external screw locating at its backside.
February 2003 Rev. A 3. GigAccessTM 2.4 Technical Specifications 3.1. General Specification Access technology TDMA (Time division multiple access) Duplexing schemes TDD (Time division duplex) Wireless PHY Interface Proprietary based on IEEE 802.11b Wireless MAC Interface Proprietary based on IEEE 802.16 Forward Error Correction Dynamic convolution FEC Regulatory FCC Part 15, UL 1950 Applications Access, Campus, Consecutive 3.2.
February 2003 Rev. A 3.3. High performance Subscriber Unit (outdoor) Physical Interface 2 x 10/100 Base-T (ODU) Connector Type RJ-45 Protocol Supported IP, ICMP, ARP, TCP, UDP, DHCP, and HTTP Packet classification Wire-speed layer 3 Output Power: (at antenna port) -6 dBm up to +18 dBm (1 dB step) Antenna: • Integrated 13.5 dBi or 15.
February 2003 Rev. A 3.4. Radio Specifications Operating Frequency 2.400 – 2.483 GHz ISM band RF Waveform Direct Sequence Spread spectrum (DSSS) Modulation DQPSK, 16CCK1, 256 CCK Processing Gain 10.4 dB EIRP USA/FCC: +36 dBm (max) Europe/ETSI: +20 dBm (max) Antenna Polarization Vertical or Horizontal Number of Channels US: 13 Europe: 13 Data Rates 11 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 2 Mbps Radio Sensitivity @11 Mbps: -82 dBm, IE-2 PER2 @5.5 Mbps: -87 dBm, IE-2 PER @2 Mbps: -89 dBm, IE-2 PER 3.5.
February 2003 Rev. A 4. Appendix A – WaveIP Approved Antennas Antenna Type DirectionalFlat Panel Model Gain [dBi] MTI-1004/C/A MTI-30081/C/A MARS: MA-WA24-1X 13.5 15.5 15.5 Beam Width Dimension Ideal for: [mm] 33 0 190x190x30.5 Medium Range, Multipoint links. 20 0 305x305x25 Medium Range, Multipoint links. 20 0 305x305x30 Medium Range, Multipoint links.
February 2003 Rev. A 5. Appendix B: Calculation RF Link Budget Proper RF link planning ensures that the AU/SU receives sufficient signal power to maintain the desired Bit Error Rate (BER). The following section gives a brief description of the basic RF terms and describes the calculation of the maximum safe distance versus the antenna gain.
February 2003 Rev. A Example of Link Parameters: Pt = 18 dBm Ct = Cr = 0 dB Gt = Gr = 13.5 / 15.5 dBm Sr (11 Mbps) = 85 dBm, Sr (5.5 Mbps) = 87 dBm, Sr (2 Mbps) = 88 dBm GM = 10 dB (1) EIRP = Pt − C t + G t (2) Pr = S r = EIRP − PL − GM + Gr − Cr (3) PL = EIRP + G r − C r − S r − GM (4) PL = 32.4 + 20 × log(FMHz ) + 20 × log(RKm ) (5) PL 2 . 4 GHz = 100 + 20 × log( R Km ) (6) R Km = 10 PL −100 20 13.5 dBi Antenna 15.5 dBi Antenna Rate=11 Mbps Rate=11 Mbps Pt 18 18 Ct 0 0 Gt 13.5 15.
February 2003 Rev. A 6. Appendix C – Max RF Power and Distance versus Antenna Gain FCC (point-to-multi-point operation) Antenna Antenna Gain Max RF Power [dBi] [dBm] Detached 8 18.5 26.5 2 p2mp Sector Detached 10 18.5 28.5 3 p2mp Sector Detached 12 18.5 30.5 5 p2mp Sector Detached 13 18.5 31.5 6 p2mp Sector Integrated 13.5 18.5 32 7 p2mp Sector Detached 14 18.5 32.5 8 p2mp Sector Integrated 15.5 18.5 34 11 p2mp Sector Detached 17 18.5 35.
February 2003 Rev. A FCC – (point-to-point operation) Antenna Type Detached Antenna Gain Max RF Power [dBi] [dBm] 24 18.5 EIRP Distance [dBm] at Highest Rate Sector Type [Km] 42.5 4 p2p 50 Table 6-2: Max RF Power and Distance for FCC in point-to-point Note! When the system is used exclusively for fixed point-to-point operation, the output EIRP can exceed +36dBm for the 24 dBi antenna according to FCC 15.247(b)(4)(i).
February 2003 Rev. A 7. Appendix D: RF Hazard Distance Calculation The Power density is given by: (1) S= P×G 4 × π × R2 Therefore: (2) R= P×G 4 ×π × S where: S = Power Density = 1 [mW/cm2] P = Power input to the antenna. [mW] G = Antenna Gain in the direction of interest. [In numeric format] R = Distance to the center of radiation antenna [cm] (3) PdBm = 10 × log PmW Therefore: (4) PmW = 10 PdBm 10 The hazard distances versus antenna gain are listed in Table 7-1.
February 2003 Rev. A point-to-multi-point operation Antenna Gain Tx Power Safe Distance Sector Type [dBi] [Numeric] [dBm] [mW] [cm] 8 6.3 18.5 70.8 5.96 p2mp 10 10.0 18.5 70.8 7.51 p2mp 12 15.8 18.5 70.8 9.45 p2mp 13 20 18.5 70.8 10.6 p2mp 13.5 22.4 18.5 70.8 11.23 p2mp 14 25.1 18.5 70.8 11.9 p2mp 15.5 35.5 18.5 70.8 14.14 p2mp 17 50.1 18.5 70.8 16.81 p2mp 18 63.1 18 63.1 17.8 p2mp 23 199.5 13 20 17.8 p2mp 24 251 12 15.8 17.
February 2003 Rev. A 8. Appendix E – RF Channel List Operating Band: 2400 MHz - 2483.
February 2003 Rev. A 9.
February 2003 Rev. A 10. Appendix G - Using the Unit Manager Tool 10.1. General The Unit Manager Tool is used for installation and configuring the Unit (AU or SU). A technician that installs and maintain an AU or an SU should use this tool. The tool is divided logically into two levels, standard and advanced. At startup the tool automatically direct the technician into a simple installation page that includes all the information needed to install the unit.
February 2003 Rev. A 10.3. Toolbar Commands 10.3.1. Start Session This command discovers (broadcast) the units on the network. The application waits (discover time) for replies from the units (AUs and SUs) and display a list of the units replied. The discover time interval can be configured in the application configuration file. Figure 10-2: Discover Window in Unit Manager Tool Select one the units from the list, select a Login User and type the password. Finally press the Login Button.
February 2003 Rev. A 10.3.6. Stop Logger Disables the output of log messages (Admin user only). 10.3.7. Clear Log Clears the log window. 10.3.8. Log to File When pressing the Log to File button, the “GigAccessUnitManager.log“ is cleared and all log printed to the log window are also printed to the log file. The log file is placed in the application directory and can be opened only when the Log to File button is released. 10.3.9. View Log Opens the “GigAccessUnitManager.log“ in Notepad.
February 2003 Rev. A Ø Primary AUID – the Primary AU MAC Address the SU needs to connect to. This field can be configured for SU only. Ø Secondary AUID – the Secondary AU MAC Address the SU needs to connect to. This field can be configured for SU only. Ø Estimated Range – the estimated range in meters between the AU and the SU. This field is updated when the SU is online (Operation Mode) and relevant for SU only. Ø Operation Mode – this field shows the status of the Unit.
February 2003 Rev. A 10.4.1. Advanced Window The Advanced Window provides the ability to change more detailed parameters of the unit. Figure 10-4: Advanced Window in Unit Manager Tool The Advanced window contains the following fields: Ø Admin Login Password – the Administrator password that should be entered when trying to login as an Admin user (Admin user only). Ø User Login Password – the User password that should be entered when trying to login as a User user.
February 2003 Rev. A Ø Link Type – select the appropriate link type: point-to-multi-point or point-to-point. (Admin user only). In point-to-multi-point the output power (EIRP) will never exceeds +36dBm for any antenna combination. In point-to-point only EIRP can exceed +36dBm according to FCC 15.247(b)(4)(i). For the 24dBi antenna gain there is no limit of the output power and it can reach the max of +18.5dBm.
February 2003 Rev. A 10.6. Software window 10.6.1. General The Software Window provides information of the burned Firmware, PLD and PHY SW in the unit. Figure 10-6: Software Window in Unit Manager Tool The information contains the following fields: Ø Bank Type – the bank type. Ø Size – the size of the image burned in the bank. Ø Version – the image version. Ø Date – the image date. Ø Time – the image time Ø Checksum – the image checksum.
February 2003 Rev. A 10.6.3. PLD Window The PLD Window provides the ability to burn a new firmware to one of the banks (Admin user only). The new software should not be burned to the actual boot Bank. The actual boot bank is displayed in the Boot Window. An alert message box is displayed if trying to burn the new software to the actual boot bank. When submitting the burn operation, log prints are printed to the log window and log file.
