Package: 81229-00A August 1997 Cylink VoiceXtender Modem I n s t a l l a t i o n CYLINK CORPORATION 910 Hermosa Court Sunnyvale, California 94086, USA (408) 735-5800 CYLINK LIMITED U.K. Tel: +44-1256-841919 Fax: +44-1256-24156 G u i d e CYLINK CUSTOMER SUPPORT 1-800-545-6608 (USA - California) 1-800-814-5587 (USA - New Jersey) 1-408-735-5822 (Internaltional - California) 1-201-333-3400 (International - New Jersey) +44-1256-58122 (Cylink Limited - U.K.
COPYRIGHT 1994 - 1997 Cylink Corporation, World Rights Reserved Cylink Corporation provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Cylink Corporation may make improvements and changes to the product described in this Manual at any time and without notice.
TOWER CONSTRUCTION Compliance with local zoning and tower construction regulations is recommended when VoiceXtender digital modem radios require a tower. These regulations generally mandate that permits be obtained before any tower construction begins. Check with local zoning and aviation authorities for more information.
INDUSTRY CANADA NOTICE Notice: The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means the equipment meets telecommunications network protective, operational. And safety requirements as prescribed in the appropriate Terminal Equipment Technical Requirements documents(s). The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user’s satisfaction.
STATEMENT OF WARRANTY CYLINK products, except as stated otherwise in an applicable price list, are warranted against defects in workmanship and material for a period of one (1) year from date of delivery as evidenced by CYLINK’s packing slip or other transportation receipt.
Table of Contents Preface About This Manual............................................................................ix Who Should Read This Manual................................................................x How to Use This Manual..........................................................................x Manual Conventions................................................................................xi Customer Support..................................................................................
Cabling the Modem...............................................................................3-6 Installing the Antenna....................................................................3-6 Connecting the Line/Phone Interface................................................3-7 Cabling a Hub Application..............................................................3-8 Connecting the Power......................................................................3-9 System Startup................................
List of Figures Rev. A - 8/97 1-1 VoiceXtender....................................................................................1-2 1-2 VoiceXtender - Front Panel................................................................1-4 1-3 VoiceXtender - Rear Panel.................................................................1-5 2-1 Omnidirectional Antenna...................................................................2-2 2-2 Yagi Directional Antenna.............................................
List of Tables 2-1 Free Space Path Loss Between Two Isotropic Radiators (in miles)........2-6 2-2 Free Space Path Loss Between Two Isotropic Radiators (metric)..........2-7 A-1 General Specifications......................................................................A-2 A-2 FXO Specifications...........................................................................A-2 A-3 FXS Specifications............................................................................
PREFACE About This Manual The VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide provides information to install, configure, monitor, and test the VoiceXtender. This section describes the intended audience for this manual, summarizes the contents, explains the conventions, and provides customer support and reader response information. Inside this section: Who Should Read This Manual..................................................x How to Use This Manual.............................................................
AirLink VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Preface Who Should Read This Manual This manual is for people who will install, configure, and operate Cylink’s VoiceXtender modems. The manual provides general guidelines on how to prepare for and configure the AirLink modems for use in a typical environment, including system planning, antenna options, and path analysis.
AirLink VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Preface Rev. A - 8/97 Title Description Chapter 1 Introduction Provides a general description of VoiceXtender modems, including features and front and rear panel information. Chapter 2 System Planning Provides information on configuration planning, path analysis, and typical applications. Chapter 3 Installation and Setup Provides instructions on how install modems, configure the DIP switches, cable the equipment, and align the antenna.
AirLink VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Preface Manual Conventions The procedures and instructions in this manual use the following conventions: ❚ The two configuration switches on the unit are referred to as SW1 and SW2. Each switch consists of 8 individual ON/OFF switches that are referred to as SW1-1, SW1-2, SW2-1, SW2-2, etc. ❚ The following notes are used to add information, point to other important considerations, or alert you to possible risks to you, your equipment, or your data.
AirLink VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Preface Customer Support If after reading this guide you encounter any trouble installing or using the VoiceXtender modem, please contact your local distributor. If problems are not resolved, you can call Cylink’s Customer Service for assistance. The telephone numbers are: Domestic (U.S.
AirLink VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Preface Return all equipment to: Cylink Corporation 1350 Bordeaux Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94089 Attn: Repair and Return Department RMA No: xxxxxxxxxx Reader Response Cylink’s technical publications department wants its documents to meet your requirements. To this end, your ideas about the documentation are valuable.
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to the VoiceXtender This chapter contains an overview of the features and applications of Cylink’s VoiceXtender modems, and includes descriptions of the front and rear panels. Inside this chapter: Product Overview.................................................................1-2 Applications............................................................................1-3 Front Panel Description.......................................................1-4 Rear Panel Description..........
VoiceXtender Installer’s Guide Introduction Product Overview Cylink’s family of modems provide a wireless solution for data and voice connectivity using spread spectrum technology (902 to 928 MHz frequency band). VoiceXtender modems support 2-wire voice. Figure 1-1 VoiceXtender 1-2 Rev.
VoiceXtender Installer’s Guide Introduction Features VoiceXtender (VX) modems provide the following features: ❚ Increased modem data rate to 28.
VoiceXtender Installer’s Guide Introduction Front Panel Description The front of the VoiceXtender modem contains two green visual indicators: ❚ POWER—this indicator illuminates when the modem is plugged into the power outlet and is receiving power. ❚ SYNC—this indicator illuminates when the channel is ready for transmission (the RF link is up). When this indicator is flashing, the RF link is not well established. When this indicator is off, the RF link is down.
VoiceXtender Installer’s Guide Introduction Rear Panel Description The VoiceXtender modem is easily configured using the configuration switches located at the rear of the modem. All connections are also located at the rear as shown in Figure 1-3.
CHAPTER 2 System Planning This chapter contains some general planning requirements and considerations to prepare for a quick and efficient installation of your VoiceXtender modems, including antenna options, path analysis, and sample applications. Inside this chapter: Introduction............................................................................2-2 Antenna Options....................................................................2-2 Path Analysis..................................................
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning Introduction The installation procedure and effectiveness of the radio link vary depending upon the following items: ❚ Type of antenna used ❚ Distances, height, and line-of-sight between the antennas ❚ Distance between the modem and antenna. The following sections provide guidelines on how to prepare for the installation and successful operation of VoiceXtender (VX) modems, and include examples of typical applications.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning Directional Antenna A directional antenna focuses the RF energy in a specific direction. When using a directional antenna, it should be properly directed toward the opposite end of the link. NOTE In many countries, interference from cellular phones and pagers can be present in many environments.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning If a complete path analysis is necessary, Cylink Customer Support can help with the calculation as long as exact coordinates of the location are known (U. S. only). Determining the Fade Margin To achieve reliable communication, the radio link must have an average received signal level high enough to protect the link against fluctuations in the signal power due to multipath fading and other anomalous propagation conditions.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning System Gain System gain is the total gain of the radio system, without any consideration of the antennas or cables. It is the arithmetic difference between the transmitter’s output power and the receiver’s sensitivity threshold. System gain (GSG in the formula) is measured in dB.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning Typically, the largest contributor to “link loss” is the loss of power as the signal travels through space. This contribution, called Free Space Path Loss, can be easily calculated as follows: To determine the free space path loss, determine the distance between the VX modems for your application and refer to Table 2-1, or use the following formula: attenuation in dB = [96.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning Table 2-2 Free Space Path Loss Between Two Isotropic Radiators NOTE Rev. A - 8/97 Distance (kilometers) Path Loss @ 915 MHz (L-Band) 1 92 dB 2 98 dB 3 101 dB 4 104 dB 5 106 dB 6 107 dB 7 109 dB 8 110 dB 9 111 dB 10 112 dB 15 115 dB 20 118 dB 25 120 dB 30 121 dB 35 123 dB 40 124 dB 50 126 dB The calculation for attenuation using kilometers is: attenuation in dB = [92.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning Application Examples VoiceXtender modems can be used in point-to-point or hub configurations. The following subsections show typical examples of each of these applications, and include configuration information for the modems. For detailed information on configuration parameters and switch settings, refer to Chapter 3, “Installation and Setup.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning ❚ Burst Synchronization Timing: The master and slave are both configured for internal burst synchronization. (SW1-8 ON) ❚ Phone/Line: The switch must indicate which AirLink modem is connected to the phone and which modem is connected to the line. In this example, Unit A would be set to Phone and Unit B would be set to Line. (SW2-1) ❚ Master/Slave: One AirLink modem must be specified as a master and one as a slave.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning ❚ RF Channel: For the VoiceXtender, any of the ten available channels can be used. Choose a channel that is not being interfered with. The channel selected for master and slave units must be the same. (SW1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4) ❚ Transmit Output Power: The minimum required power is typically recommended for most applications. Both units in a link need not be set to the same power level.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning Figure 2-6 Hub Application You need to configure each modem. The following list describes the parameters for this particular application. ❚ RF Channel: Each AirLink modem pair is assigned a unique channel to avoid interference. In this example, channels 1, 3, and 5 are recommended. (SW1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4) ❚ Transmit Output Power: Typically, the minimum required power is recommended for most applications.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide System Planning NOTE 2-12 ❚ Master/Slave: The modems connected to the switch or centrex (all in one location) are configured as masters, and the modems connected to the telephones are configured as slaves. (SW2-2) ❚ Sleep/Normal: Set all modems to Normal. (SW2-3 OFF) ❚ Pseudo-Random Noise Sequence: For each modem pair, specify a unique pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence to help separate adjacent channels.
CHAPTER 3 Installation and Setup This chapter contains information on how to install, configure, and cable your VoiceXtender modem. The procedures and descriptions in this chapter assume you have read Chapter 2, “System Planning.” Inside this chapter: System Setup........................................................................3-2 Switch Settings....................................................................3-2 Cabling the Modem................................................................
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup System Setup Ensure that each shipping container includes these items: ❚ One AirLink VoiceXtender modem ❚ One external power supply with cord ❚ Omnidirectional antenna ❚ RJ11 cables ❚ This document. Depending on your specific application, you may need to purchase the following additional items from Cylink or your distributor to install the modem at your site.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup NOTE Settings not specified on this chart are reserved for future use, and should not be used. To assist you in setting the configuration switches, use the Switch Configuration Worksheets provided in Appendix B to record the appropriate settings for your application. Rev.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup VoiceXtender Switch Settings Figure 3-1 AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Switch Settings VoiceXtender Switch Parameters RF Channel Switches (SW1-1 through SW1-4) These switches set the center frequency of each RF channel used by the modem. The frequency ranges from 902 to 928 MHz and is divided into ten channels. The 3-4 Rev.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup center frequency assigned to each channel has been chosen to provide the greatest flexibility of use. The VoiceXtender VX64 modem requires a segment of bandwidth that is only one channel wide. Therefore, all nine channels are available for voice applications. Each modem used in a “logical” application (e.g., the master and slave units of a single point-to-point link) must be configured with the same channel.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup Phone/Line Switch ( S W 2 - 1 ) This switch sets the modem connection to the phone or the line. When the modem is set for Phone, it provides a standard ring current to ring the phone. (The current is sufficient to ring at least five phones.) Master/Slave Switch ( S W 2 - 2 ) This switch sets the modem to be a master unit or slave unit. One modem in the pair must be the master and the other modem must be the slave.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup Cabling the Modem How the modem is cabled depends on your application. Use the guidelines in the following subsections to assist you in cabling the modem. Before cabling the modem, ensure that the configuration switches (described in the previous sub-section) are set correctly for each modem. Installing the Antenna As shown in Figure 3-2, the antenna is connected to the rear of the modem through the antenna connector (labeled ANT).
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup System Grounding Direct grounding of the antenna, mast, and tower provides some protection against lightning strikes and static buildup. A direct electrical connection should be made to a suitable grounding rod at the base of the tower or mast using at least # 10 AWG ground wire, or its equivalent, and non-corrosive hardware. For details and safety standards, consult the appropriate electrical code or a similar document.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup For an intercom application (private line), connect only the phones to the master and slave modems. When you pick up one phone, the modem automatically rings the other phone (you will hear a clicking sound on your phone that indicates that the other end is ringing). Signal assignments for the RJ11 can be found in Appendix A, ”Specifications.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup NOTE Burst synchronizing cable and tee connectors are available from Cylink and Cylink distributors. RG-58 coaxial cable is recommended. Connecting the Power The VX uses an external power supply that is provided with the modem (Figure 3-5). To apply power to the modem, plug the five-pin DIN connector of the power supply cable into the modem (labeled POWER).
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup NOTE DC power supplies are available from Cylink or Cylink distributors. System Startup After configuring and cabling the modems (master and slave), the green POWER indicator on the front of the modem will be illuminated. If the POWER indicator is not on, ensure that the connection is secure. If the modems are communicating, the SYNC indicator on the front of each modem will be illuminated.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup Procedures for Fine Tuning the Antenna Alignment The second step in the antenna alignment process is to fine tune the antenna to ensure that the link is operating at the center of the main lobe. To fine tune the antenna alignment, systematically adjust the transmit power by using the following steps: 1. Set the master modem Transmit Level to 1 milliwatt. The link will go down, and the SYNC indicator will go out.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup Figure 3-6 Antenna Alignment Flow Chart Rev.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Installation and Setup Adjusting the Audio Receive Level The audio and listening volume of a telephone (or line) connected to the VoiceXtender modem can be adjusted using the Audio Receive Level control on the bottom of the AirLink modem (see Figure 3-7). Figure 3-7 Volume Adjustment Using a small blade-type screwdriver, turn the control clockwise to increase the level, or counter-clockwise to decrease it.
CHAPTER 4 Troubleshooting This chapter contains information on solving possible operational problems when using VoiceXtender modems. Inside this chapter: Operational Problems..........................................................4-2 Maintenance............................................................................4-3 Rev.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Troubleshooting Operational Problems Following are some possible operational problems you might encounter when using the modem. If you encounter any of these problems, we recommend going through the following check list to resolve the problem before contacting Cylink Customer Support. The primary tool used to troubleshoot the modem is the SYNC indicator on the front panel of the modem.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Troubleshooting Maintenance When cleaning the unit, use a soft, moist, lint-free cloth. DO NOT USE abrasive or chemical cleaners. Cylink will perform any other necessary maintenance, including component replacements and internal adjustments. Rev.
APPENDIX A Specifications This appendix contains the specifications for VoiceXtender modems. Inside this appendix: General Specifications........................................................A-2 Interface Specifications.....................................................A-7 Rev.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Specifications General Specifications Table A-1 General Specifications General Operates as a cordless phone or as an intercom. 2-wire loop start signaling Cordless phone: FXO (Interfacing phone), FXS (Interfacing line) (see Tables A-2 and A-3.) Intercom: Both units set FXO (Interfacing phone) (see Table A-2.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Specifications Table A-3 FXS Specifications FXS (Interfacing Line) Signaling Maximum Holding current of 100 mA without audio distortion Detects ring signals of 40 - 110 Vrms @ 17-34 Hz Ringer equivalence (REN): 0.3A (U.S.) Load Number: 7 (Canada) Table A-4 Physical and Environmental Specifications Parameter Specification Dimensions Height 2.125 inches (55 mm) Width 8.5 inches (215 mm) Depth 10.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Specifications Table A-6 Power Specifications Parameter Specification External AC Power Supply: Input 100-250 VAC @ 50/60 Hz, 0.3-0.7A Power Cable According to model ordered Output +5, ± 12 VDC, cable terminated with 5-pin male DIN Connector Dimensions Height 2.00 inches Width 3.40 inches Length 5.87 inches Weight 1.3 pounds (.6 kg) Maximum Power Consumption: (power supply plus AirLink) (50.8 mm) (86.4 mm) (149.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Specifications Table A-8 General Radio Frequency Specifications Parameter Specification Frequency Range 902 - 928 MHz Radio Technology Spread Spectrum using Direct Sequence PN Sequence Length 32 bits Modulation Technique Bi-Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Non-Coherent Receiver Channel Bandwidth 5.1 MHz Transmission Delay 5.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Specifications Table A-10 RF Channel Frequencies - AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Channel Number Frequency (MHz) 1 904.600 2 907.199 3 909.799 4 912.398 5 914.998 6 917.597 7 920.196 8 922.796 9 925.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Specifications Interface Specifications Figure A-1 Rear Panel RJ11-Type Modular Jack Figure A-2 Rear Panel Power Input Connector (Female DIN) Rev.
APPENDIX B Worksheet This appendix contains a Configuration Worksheet to use to record the configuration settings for your modems. Before installing and configuring the modem, read Chapter 2, “System Planning.” Inside this Appendix: Configuration Worksheet...................................................B-2 Rev.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Worksheets VX Switch Configuration Worksheet ID/Name: Serial Number: Location: Antenna Type: SWITCH SW1-1 through SW1-4 PARAMETERS VALUES RF Channel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SW1-5 through SW1-7 Transmit Power SW1-8 Burst Synchronization Timing SW2-1 (MHz) 1 (904.600) (907.199) (909.799) (913.398) (914.998) (917.597) (920.196) (922.796) (925.
APPENDIX C Glossary This appendix contains an alphabetical list and description of technical terms used in this document. Rev.
AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Modem Installer’s Guide Glossary Antenna A transmitting or receiving device for radiated waves. The antenna acts as a form of matching transformer for waves along a line and waves in space so that the maximum transfer of energy can be achieved. Antenna Gain Antenna gain is a measure of the efficiency of an antenna compared with the efficiency of a standard reference antenna.
AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Modem Installer’s Guide Glossary Hub Configuration A system configuration in which several master AirLinks and terminals are co-located. Usually, one acts as the synchronizing modem to the others at the site. Indicator A device that emits a visible light on the front of the AirLink modem. Line-of-Sight An unobstructed view from the transmit antenna to the receive antenna. Master Modem The master modem is the modem which controls the slave modem.
AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Modem Installer’s Guide Glossary REN Ringer Equivalent Number. Older model phones typically have a REN=1. Some electronic phones and other devices have a lower REN. RF Radio Frequency. Electromagnetic waves propagated without guide (wire or cable) in free space. Send Timing A timing mode where the transmit timing is provided internally by the modem. Simplex Operating a channel in one direction only with no ability to operate in the other direction.
Index Rev.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Index A additional signal attenuation 2-4 anomalous propagation conditions 2-4 antenna alignment 3-6, 3-10-11 antenna C-2 antenna gain 2-5, C-2 antenna installation 3-6 antenna options 2-1, 2-2 antenna type 2-2 application examples 2-8 asynchronous data transmission C-2 audio volume 4-2 B bandwidth 3-4 BER (Bit Error Rate) level 2-4, C-2 BNC “Tee” adapters 3-8 BNC “Tee” connectors1-5, 3-2 Burst Sync connector 3-8 burst synchronization 2-12, 3-7 burst synchronization si
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Index Installing the Antenna 3-6 intercom application 2-10, 3-7 intercom configuration 2-10 interface specifications A-7 Internal Burst Timing 3-4 internal burst synchronization 2-9 Introduction to the VoiceXtender 1-1 isotropic antenna 2-5 L line-of-sight 2-2, C-3 loop-start signaling 1-3 M main lobe 3-10, 3-11 maintenance 4-3 master modem C-3 master/slave 2-9, 2-10, 2-12, 3-5 modem C-3 modem cabling 3-6 multipath fading 2-4 N Normal mode 3-5 O off-hook 2-10 omnidi
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide Index Switch Parameters 3-4 Switch Settings 3-2, 3-3 SYNC indicator 1-4, 3-10, 3-11, 4-2 SYNC light 3-5 synchronized modems 3-4 synchronizing master 2-12 synchronizing modem 3-4 synchronous data transmission C-4 System Setup 3-2 System Startup 3-10 system gain 2-5, C-4 System Grounding 3-7 system planning 2-1 T temperature A-3 terminal timing C-4 otal antenna gain of both antennas (measured in dBi), 2-4 total connector/cable loss of all cables (measured in dB),2- 4 tra
