9: Installing the EUM 9.4.9 Obtaining Valid IP Addresses for the End-user’s PC To obtain IP addresses for the end-user’s PC, including the PC IP address, Gateway IP address, and DNS server address, the PC must request an update from the DHCP server. This procedure varies depending on which operating system is running on the end-user’s PC, but a general method is outlined as follows. NOTE: The subscriber PC may obtain a dynamic IP through DHCP, or it may use a static IP and DNS server.
9: Installing the EUM WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: 60:03:3a> file get 192.168.10.250 Enter password: file transfer started (press 'qqq' to abort)... by 2097152 at 183 kbps24 at 201 kbps file transfer complete Transfered "/tffs0/null" Okay. 60:03:3a> The following three tests use the “ping” command to progressively test the data link. To Test the Data Link from the End-user’s PC to the EUM 1.
9: Installing the EUM Using the sample configuration shown in Figure 60, confirm the connection between the enduser’s PC and the EUM as demonstrated below: This is what successful ping from the end-user’s PC to the EUM looks like: C:\>ping 172.16.6.1 Pinging 172.16.6.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply Reply Reply Reply from from from from 172.16.6.1: 172.16.6.1: 172.16.6.1: 172.16.6.
9: Installing the EUM This following example uses the sample configuration shown in Figure 60: Pinging the CCU from the end-user’s PC (with maximum packet size): C:\>ping 172.16.4.1 -t -l 1472 Pinging 172.16.4.1 with 1472 bytes of data: Reply Reply Reply Reply Reply Reply Reply Reply from from from from from from from from 172.16.4.1: 172.16.4.1: 172.16.4.1: 172.16.4.1: 172.16.4.1: 172.16.4.1: 172.16.4.1: 172.16.4.
9: Installing the EUM Reply from 207.23.175.75: bytes=32 time=50ms TTL=113 Ping statistics for 207.23.175.75: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 50ms, Maximum = 90ms, Average = 67ms C:\> 9.4.11 Configuring the Browser Application Follow the manufacturer's instructions for configuring the end-user’s browser, so that it correctly uses the PC Ethernet interface. Once you have done this: 1. Launch the browser 2.
9: Installing the EUM You can record and save this information in several ways: • using the EUM Configuration Utility. Through the EUM Configuration Utility, you can also upload and store the EUM’s complete configuration file. • through the EUM command-line interface locally, using a Telnet session, through the EUM Ethernet connection. • through a Telnet session over the wireless link between the network and the EUM. Record the information from the following session, and store it to a file.
9: Installing the EUM 60:03:3a> file get 192.168.10.250 Enter password: file transfer started (press 'qqq' to abort)... by 2097152 at 183 kbps24 at 201 kbps file transfer complete Transfered "/tffs0/null" Okay. 60:03:3a> 162 APCD-LM043-8.
10 Maintaining the Network The LMS4000 900MHz radio network requires virtually no maintenance. This chapter describes what you need to do to maintain the CCU and EUM operating environments.
10: Maintaining the Network Cleaning the Equipment WARNING! Make sure you follow ESD precautions when you touch and clean CCU and EUM components. When cleaning CCU and EUM components: • Use dry, static-free cloths to wipe dust from the devices. • Make sure you do not disconnect any cables or wires when cleaning. Checking the CCU Shelf Cooling Fans WARNING! Exercise caution when you are in close proximity to the CCU Shelf cooling fans. Disconnect AC power to the fans prior to handling.
11 Monitoring the Network Although there are a large number of detailed statistics available for the various data handling applications in the CCU (refer to Appendix J on page 277 for a complete list), there are only a few that are key for monitoring system performance on an on-going basis. These statistics are described in detail on the following pages. 11.
: Monitoring the Network Statistics reported by the CCU can assist in identifying when retransmissions are occurring and at what rate they are occurring. They can also be used to troubleshoot the cause of retransmissions.
11: Monitoring the Network Result of Transmission Reported Statistic No acknowledgement received after four transmissions, and the payload is discarded. txPayloadsFailRetry Payload is not transmitted at all. txPayloadsFailAssocDeleted Total number of payloads returned to host because they are malformed. txPayloadsFailBadParam Total number of payloads returned to host because the virtual net was not active. txPayloadsFailVnetInactive Total number of empty payloads received and returned to host.
11: Monitoring the Network The objective of the first level analysis of this data is to determine the relative amount of radio traffic resulting from retransmissions. Ideally, the percentage would be 0. In practice, local engineering limitations result in a certain normal level. Once this normal level is established, the statistics can be used to monitor changes.
11: Monitoring the Network which suggests that 4% of the radio traffic is used to retransmit packets, which is referred to in this document as the Retransmission Rate. From an operational point of view, it is important to keep the number of retransmissions to a minimum since they reduce the total air time available and the total network throughput.
11: Monitoring the Network Statistic Description Sample B rxPktsHCRCFail Packet received with a corrupted header. C rxPktsFCS Fail Packet received from an EUM, with a corrupted payload. 192 D replyOrRssiTimeouts No reply or EUM HCRC errors and missed packets. Does not include FCS (frame check sequence) errors.
11: Monitoring the Network 11.4 EUM Transmit Statistics In general, the statistics collected at the EUM are the same as those collected at the CCU; however, there are some differences in meaning (see Appendix H). More significantly, of course, is that the EUM statistics are unique to the EUM, as opposed to the CCU statistics, which are a collective of the CCU and all EUM interactions. The relationships of the key EUM statistics are the same as those for the CCU.
11: Monitoring the Network As with the CCU transmit statistics, the following sample calculations can be made using the sample data from Table 31: Total number of desired payloads = B + C = 45,879 + 2 = 45,881 This is also equal to: (D + E + F + G + H + I) = (43,153 + 2,306 + 344 + 47 + 29 + 0) = 45,879 NOTE: Due to real-time issues (the fact that at any given time, some packets are being processed or queued), the numbers frequently differ by the number of packets that are in queues.
11: Monitoring the Network that is active, which is seldom the case after more than one EUM have been activated. The statistic rxPktsDuplicate measures the number of times the CCU sends the same packet of information more than one time. A high value of rxPktsDuplicate indicates that the acknowledgements from the EUM are not being properly received at the CCU. 11.6 User Data The total user data is recorded by the statistics Rx Data Payloads, Tx Data Payloads, Rx Data Octets, and Tx Data Octets.
11: Monitoring the Network • sys log [] displays a portion of the system log file. NOTE: If statistics logging is enabled and you use the “statistics clear” command, the current values are logged before the statistics are cleared. To Retrieve the System Log File 1. Connect to the unit with FTP. 2. Use the bin command to switch to binary image mode. 3. Use the get log command to transfer the file.
11: Monitoring the Network 11.9 • provide accumulated octet/packet counts for each registered EUM. The Rx- and Txdirections are from the perspective of the CCU.
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12 Specialized Applications The advanced capabilities of the LMS4000 900 MHz radio network modems can support a variety of special applications. 12.1 EUM Thin Route The EUM Thin Route configuration, in Figure 61, shows how to use an EUM as a thin route to extend the reach of the LMS4000 900 MHz radio network to a small number of outlying EUMs.
12: Specialized Applications In the above configuration, a backhaul is created between the local CCU1 (CAP1) and the remote CCU2 (CAP2) by deploying an EUM (Thin Route EUM) from CAP1 in CAP2. The Thin Route EUM will operate at the frequency of CCU1 and have CCU1 as its gateway. CCU2 may be connected to the Ethernet port of the EUM either directly or through a switch. Additional subscriber EUMs may then be deployed off CCU2.
12: Specialized Applications Traffic traversing from subscriber computers to the Backhaul EUM will use the radio link twice, placing additional load on the Backhaul EUM. To alleviate potential performance bottlenecks, a special grade of service (EUM Backhaul GOS) should be provisioned in the CCU used for the backhaul configuration and assigned to the Backhaul EUM.
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Appendix A Specifications This appendix lists the following specifications for the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network, specifically the technical specifications for the CCU and EUM, configured for operation in the FCC/IC RF regulatory domain: • Radio Specifications on page 181 • Ethernet Interface Specifications on page 182 • Power Supply Specifications on page 182 • Environmental Specifications on page 182 Table 32 Radio Specifications Maximum Number of Operational CCUs and Orthogonal Channels 4 Ma
Appendix A: Specifications Co-located Channel Set Center Frequencies (standard) 905 MHz, 911.6 MHz, 918.4 MHz, and 925 MHz Note: Other frequencies can be used, depending on site-specific considerations. Contact WaveRider for more information.
Appendix B Factory Configuration This appendix identifies the factory configuration settings for the CCU and EUM. Table 36 CCU Factory Configuration Parameter Default Configuration Console Prompt The default console prompt is the station (CCU) ID. Deregistration Count 8 DHCP Relay Disabled Ethernet IP Address 192.168.10.250 Ethernet Netmask 24 255.255.255.0 ffffff00 Gateway IP Address 192.168.10.
Appendix B: Factory Configuration Table 36 CCU Factory Configuration Parameter 184 Default Configuration Port Filters 137 (both) 138 (both) 139 (both) 445 (both) 1512 (both) Protocol Switched Ethernet Mode (“Switched”) Radio Enabled Radio Frequency 9050 (905.0MHz) Radio Power +26 dBm (High) RADIUS Period 60 (minutes) SNMP Contact WaveRider Communications Inc. SNMP Location www.waverider.
Appendix B: Factory Configuration To reset the CCU to factory default 60:03:3a> fi dir Directory listing: SA1110.EXE 475764 BASIC.CFG 1992 PORT.CFG 6240 SNTP.CFG 156 ROUTE.CFG 2896 AUTHDB.CFG 3496 DHCP.CFG 896 SA1110.BAK 475764 60:03:3a> fil del file deleted 60:03:3a> fil del file deleted 60:03:3a> fil del file deleted 60:03:3a> fil del file deleted 60:03:3a> fil del file deleted 60:03:3a> fil del file deleted 60:03:3a> reset basic.cfg port.cfg sntp.cfg route.cfg authdb.cfg dhcp.cfg rebooting CCU ... (..
Appendix B: Factory Configuration Table 37 EUM Factory Configuration Parameter 186 Default Configuration Console Prompt The default console prompt is the station (EUM) ID. Ethernet IP Address 192.168.10.250 Ethernet Netmask 24 255.255.255.0 ffffff00 Gateway IP Address 192.168.10.1 Maximum Number of Customers 1 Password By default, the EUM has no password. Press Enter at the password prompt to enter a null password.
Appendix B: Factory Configuration To reset the EUM to factory default 60:ff:fe> fil dir Directory listing: BASIC.CFG 1992 SNTP.CFG 156 SA1110.EXE 475764 PORT.CFG 6240 SA1110.BAK 475764 60:ff:fe> fil del basic.cfg file deleted 60:ff:fe> fil del sntp.cfg file deleted 60:ff:fe> fil del port.cfg file deleted 60:ff:fe> reset rebooting EUM ... (... Power On Self Test ...) WaveRider Communications, Inc.
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Appendix C Command-Line Syntax This appendix describes the various LMS4000 commands and syntax, and consists of the following sections: • Command-line Syntax Conventions and Shortcuts on page 189 • CCU Command-line Syntax on page 191 • EUM Command-line Syntax on page 204 NOTE: The help command on the CCU or EUM may display additional commands that are not listed in the following tables. WaveRider recommends that you use only commands listed in this Appendix.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Convention Use Examples Enter Bold face type indicates a keyboard key press. A plus sign (+) indicates key combinations. For example, for Ctrl+U, press and hold down the Ctrl key, then press the U key. Enter Esc Ctrl+U Specifies a variable name or other information that you must replace with a real name or value. ip address ethernet bold characters Indicates the shortcut characters for a command.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax CCU Command-line Syntax Table 40 CCU Command-Line Syntax NOTE: In Table 40, commands that are noted with a √ in the right-hand column will not take effect until you have rebooted the CCU. Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description address Displays the Address Table. address delete|remove Removes an EUM ID from the Address Table. • is the EUM ID, in the form XX:XX:XX. address flush Removes all entries from the Address Table.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description arp add [flags] Adds an entry to the ARP Table. • is the IP address of the new entry. • is the MAC address, in hexadecimal format. • [flags] is always set to 4, meaning the entry is permanent and does not time out, as long as the CCU or EUM is ON. arp delete Deletes an entry from the ARP Table: •
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description auth gos Displays the GOS definitions. • is the default grade of service. Available GOSs are gold, silver, bronze, be (best effort), and broadcast. auth radius Displays the RADIUS client configuration. auth radius accounting enable Enable RADIUS accounting. NOTE: RADIUS authorization must be enabled before you can enable RADIUS accounting. auth radius accounting disable Disable RADIUS accounting.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) 194 Command Description dhcp relay Displays the CCU DHCP relay status and contents of the DHCP Server Table. dhcp relay add Adds the DHCP server IP address. • is the IP address of the DHCP server. • is the subnet mask of the DHCP server (0-32). dhcp relay delete Deletes the DHCP server IP address. • is the IP address of the DHCP server.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) file get | [|_] Command Description NOTE: If you enter only the IP address or EUM ID, then defaults to “buywavc”, defaults to “null”, and defaults to “null”—the link speed test. Retrieves a file from a remote location. • is the IP address of the computer from which you are retrieving the file.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) 196 Command Description ip ethernet Changes the Ethernet IP address of the CCU. • is the new Ethernet IP address of the CCU. • is the subnet mask of the CCU Ethernet address (0-32). NOTE: If the CCU is in Switched Ethernet mode or Through Only mode, this command sets the CCU IP address. ip gateway Displays the IP address of the router through which the CCU connects to the Internet.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description ping | Sends ICMP echo requests to a remote host. • is the IP address of the remote host. • is the EUMID (in the form XX:XX:XX) of an EUM or CCU to ping. • is an optional parameter defining the ping packet size in bytes. The default length is 64 bytes, and the maximum length is 1460 bytes.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) 198 Command Description radio analyse Starts a spectral analysis. • is the number of RSSI and noise floor samples taken at each frequency. The default value is 200. • is the step size between sample points. The default is 2 (200kHz), which is also the minimum step size allowed. The maximum interval is 200 (20MHz). • is the lowest frequency sampled, in 100’s of kHz.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description radio meter Displays traffic statistics and polling statistics totals for each grade of service. radio meter Displays running average per second traffic and polling statistics for each grade of service. • in seconds is the time over which the average is made. Press any key to halt.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) 200 Command Description route delete Deletes a route from the routing table. • is the Ethernet IP address of the network being removed from the routing table. • is the Ethernet IP address of the gateway through which the destination device can be reached. • is the subnet mask for the destination network (0-32). route stats Displays the routing statistics.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description snmp trap delete Deletes a trap server community. • is the Ethernet IP address of the trap server. • is the community name for the trap server being deleted, from 1-63 characters in length. stats Displays the statistics for all drivers and network protocols. stats auth Displays authorization/RADIUS statistics. stats clear Clears the statistics for all drivers.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) 202 Command Description sys prompt Changes the system prompt. • is the new prompt, from 1-20 characters in length. You cannot use the “>” character. It will be appended to the prompt automatically. sys ss Displays the system status file, which includes POST results, file status, I/O connections, and system statistics. sys tasks Displays the task list. sys uptime Displays the length of time the system has been running.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description time relay disable Disables SNTP relay over the radio interface. time relay disable boot Disables CCU time updates when the CCU boots. time relay disable registration Disables EUM time updates when an EUM registers with a CCU. time relay enable Enables SNTP relay over the radio interface. time relay period Sets the time relay resynchronization period, in seconds. • Time period may be from 0 to 100000 seconds.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax EUM Command-line Syntax Table 41 EUM Command-Line Syntax NOTE: In Table 41, commands that are noted with a √ in the right-hand column will not take effect until you have rebooted the EUM. Command Syntax (EUM) 204 Command Description arp Displays the ARP Table. arp add [flags] Adds an entry to the ARP Table. • is the IP address of the new entry. • is the MAC address, in hexadecimal format.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (EUM) file get | [|_] Command Description NOTE: If you enter only the IP address or EUM ID, then defaults to “buywavc”, defaults to “null”, and defaults to “null”—the link speed test. Retrieves a file from a remote location. • is the IP address of the computer from which you are retrieving the file.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (EUM) 206 Command Description ip ethernet Changes the IP address of the EUM. • is the new IP address of the EUM. • is the subnet mask of the EUM IP address (0-32). ip gateway Displays the IP address of the router through which the EUM connects to the Internet. In routed mode networks, this is the IP address of the router. ip gateway
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description port delete Deletes a port filter. • is the port to be deleted. port flush Deletes all port filters. radio Displays the radio attributes of the EUM. radio analyse Starts a spectral analysis. • is the number of RSSI and noise floor samples taken at each frequency. The default value is 200. • is the step size between sample points.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description radio frequency Changes the EUM radio frequency. • is the new radio frequency, in tenths of a MHz. (For example, 905.0 MHz is entered as 9050.) The radio frequency must be within the range of 9050 to 9250. The frequency may use only 0.2 MHz increments and may use even values only. radio rc Clears the RSSI, SQ, RNA, and RNB histograms.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description snmp community delete Deletes an SNMP community. • is the name of the SNMP community being deleted. snmp contact Displays the SNMP system contact. snmp contact Changes the SNMP system contact. • is name of the EUM SNMP system contact (subscriber, for example), from 1-80 characters in length. snmp interface Displays the interface MIBs.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (EUM) 210 Command Description stats mac Displays MAC driver statistics. stats net Displays network protocol statistics. stats net icmp Displays ICMP statistics. stats net ip Displays IP statistics. stats net tcp Displays TCP statistics. stats net udp Displays UDP statistics. stats radio Displays radio driver statistics. stats rp|routing Displays routing protocol statistics. stats summary Displays a summary of the Atmel MAC statistics.
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description time client enable Enables the SNTP client. time print Prints the SNTP configuration and NTP server list. time set
Appendix C: Command-Line Syntax 212 APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix D INOP Commands If CCU or EUM software becomes inaccessible or corrupted, the unit will start in inoperative mode (INOP). You can also force an EUM3003 to start in INOP mode to recover an EUM if the IP address is not known. While in INOP mode, CCUs and EUMs use a subset of the regular CLI commands. For instructions on putting an EUM3003 into INOP mode, refer to EUM3003 INOP Button on page 224. These INOP commands are described in the following tables.
Appendix D: INOP Commands Command Syntax (CCU) file get | [|_] Command Description NOTE: If you enter only the IP address or EUM ID, then defaults to “buywavc”, defaults to “null”, and defaults to “null”—the link speed test. Retrieves a file from a remote location. • is the IP address of the computer from which you are retrieving the file.
Appendix D: INOP Commands Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description ip ethernet Changes the Ethernet IP address of the CCU. • is the new Ethernet IP address of the CCU. • is the subnet mask of the CCU Ethernet address (0-32). ip gateway Displays the IP address of the router through which the CCU connects to the Internet. ip gateway Defines the router through which the CCU connects to the Internet. •
Appendix D: INOP Commands Command Syntax (CCU) Command Description radio frequency Changes the CCU radio frequency. • is the new radio frequency, in tenths of a MHz. (For example, 905.0 MHz is entered as 9050.) The radio frequency must be within the range of 9050 to 9250. The frequency may use only 0.2 MHz increments and may use even values only.
Appendix D: INOP Commands Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description file dir|ls Lists the file directory. file get | [|_] NOTE: If you enter only the IP address or EUM ID, then defaults to “buywavc”, defaults to “null”, and defaults to “null”—the link speed test. Retrieves a file from a remote location. • is the IP address of the computer from which you are retrieving the file.
Appendix D: INOP Commands Command Syntax (EUM) 218 Command Description ip ethernet Changes the IP address of the EUM. • is the new IP address of the EUM. • is the subnet mask of the EUM IP address (0-32). ip gateway Displays the IP address of the router through which the EUM connects to the Internet. In routed mode networks, this is the IP address of the router. ip gateway
Appendix D: INOP Commands Command Syntax (EUM) Command Description radio frequency Changes the EUM radio frequency. • is the new radio frequency, in tenths of a MHz. (For example, 905.0 MHz is entered as 9050.) The radio frequency must be within the range of 9050 to 9250. The frequency may use only 0.2 MHz increments and may use even values only.
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Appendix E Access Interface There are up to three different access interfaces available on CCUs and EUMs. Table 44 below identifies which access interfaces are available on each device type.
Appendix E: Access Interface Procedures for both types of Telnet sessions are explained below. To Connect to a Local CCU or EUM with Telnet 1. Open a Command Prompt window. (For instructions on opening a command prompt window, please refer to your operating system documentation.) 2. Connect a crossover Ethernet cable with ferrite bead between the PC and CCU or EUM. 3. Change the IP address of the PC, so the PC and CCU or EUM are on the same subnet.
Appendix E: Access Interface 3. At the prompt, type telnet aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd and press Enter. (aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP Ethernet address of the CCU or EUM.) WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: 4. At the password prompt, type the device password and press Enter. NOTE: The default password for CCUs and EUMs is carriage return. 60:ff:fe> You are now connected to the CCU or EUM with a Telnet session, and you may issue CLI commands to the device at the command prompt.
Appendix E: Access Interface EUM3003 INOP Button NOTE: If you are trying to determine an EUM’s IP address, the gratuitous ARP feature provides an alternative to using the INOP button. The EUM transmits a “gratuitous” ARP (an ARP for its own IP address) two seconds after power up. This gratuitous ARP can be used to determine the IP address of an EUM if it is not already known. The operator can either sniff the ARP packet on the Ethernet interface, or look in the ARP table of a connected host.
Appendix E: Access Interface 4. At the prompt, type bcf and press Enter. WaveRider Communications, Inc. LMS3000 Password: InOp> bcf Basic Cfg File: File ID : basic.cfg File Time Stamp: File Version : 5 File Notes : Operator updated File CRC : 0xE1 IP Address: 192.168.10.250 / 24 IP Subnet : 192.168.10.0 ( 255.255.255.0 ) Gateway IP Address: 192.168.10.1 Contact: WaveRider Communications Inc. Location: www.waverider.
Appendix E: Access Interface SA1110.BAK BASIC.CFG PORT.CFG SA1110.EXE BOOTROM.BIN SNTP.CFG c. 0 1992 6240 477617 447864 156 1d6523d1 1fd3b0ba c7148a64 9af8566b b4fb30fe c771acf9 Look for problems, such as an executable file with a size of 0, which indicates a corrupted file. 3. If the connection is unsuccessful, restart the EUM30003 in INOP mode, as described in To Recover the EUM3003 IP Address on page 224. 4. If you still cannot connect to the EUM3003, contact WaveRider Technical Support.
Appendix E: Access Interface To Add a Route on a PC 1. On the PC, open a command prompt window. 2. At the prompt, type route add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd mask eee.fff.ggg.hhh iii.jjj.kkk.lll and press Enter. • aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the radio subnet • eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the radio subnet mask • iii.jjj.kkk.lll is the gateway to the radio subnet (Ethernet IP address of the CCU) APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix E: Access Interface 228 APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix F Antenna Guidelines WARNING! Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installed by qualified personnel, and external antennas must be properly grounded. WaveRider assumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendation or to recognized general safety precautions. The CCU and EUM have been certified for use with Omni, Patch, Yagi, and Dipole Reflector antenna types, in addition to the WaveRider Diversity Antenna.
Appendix F antenna gain, at the frequency of interest, or obtain it by referencing the manufacturer’s supplied literature. WaveRider Guidelines for outdoor installation are: • select a cable of type and length so that cable loss is 3.5dB, including connectors. • use a surge protector, which has about 0.1 db loss, • use a WaveRider jumper cable to connect the modem to the exterior cable or surge protector. The jumper cable has a loss of 1 dB.
Appendix G CCU/EUM Data Tables The CCU and EUM firmware is structured around a set of tables and files, which are discussed in the following sections in the logical order that they are actively involved in the transmission of packets from the Internet to the end-user’s PC: • Port Filter Table (CCU and EUM) on page 231 • Routing Table (CCU and EUM) on page 232 • ARP Table (CCU and EUM) on page 236 • Address Translation Table (CCU only) on page 238 • Authorization Table (CCU only) on page 239 • Re
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables Table 47 Port Filter Table Entries Table Entry Description Port The number of the port which is to be filtered. Filter For each port listed, the CCU or EUM can be set to filter UDP, TCP, or both UDP and TCP packets.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables Table 48 Basic Routes Default Route Any packet with a destination not listed in the Routing Table is forwarded to the gateway address defined in the default route. Normally, this is be the IP address of the NAP router. The CCU or EUM generates the default route automatically when you enter the gateway IP address. Radio Subnet Route Any packet with a destination in the radio subnet (EUMs, end-user PCs) is forwarded to the CCU radio port.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables Entry Use Description Initialized to 0 and incremented every time an IP datagram uses this route. The CCU interface through which to send packets to the gateway and destination, one of: Interface Proto • esmc0: CCU Ethernet interface • rdr1: CCU radio interface • lo0: Loopback This entry is an operating system parameter that has no meaning for CCU configuration and operation. To view the Routing Table: WaveRider Communications, Inc.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables Table 50 Routing Table Flags.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables ARP Table (CCU and EUM) For each host (EUM, PC, or router) in the system, the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Table displays the following information: Table 51 ARP Table Entries Table Entry Description destination Host IP Address gateway Host Ethernet MAC Address flags The only valid flag is 4. Refcnt Number of processes currently referencing this ARP entry. If a process requires a MAC address, it looks it up in the ARP Table.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables 5.11.1.102 5.11.1.103 5.11.1.104 5.11.1.105 5.11.1.106 5.11.1.107 60:03:3a> APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables To view the CCU ARP table: 60:03:3a> arp LINK LEVEL ARP TABLE destination gateway flags Refcnt Use Interface -------------------------------------------------------------------------10.0.0.1 00:30:80:4a:08:a1 405 1 5 esmc0 10.0.0.2 00:10:4b:6c:fa:54 405 0 4610 esmc0 10.0.0.3 00:90:27:33:c7:e8 405 0 507 esmc0 10.0.0.10 00:a0:98:00:9b:26 405 0 1 esmc0 10.0.0.15 00:10:83:fd:61:a 405 0 781 esmc0 10.0.0.16 00:10:83:fd:e1:4e 405 0 1839 esmc0 10.0.0.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables • 00:d0:b7:69:94:b1 End-user PC MAC Address Authorization Table (CCU only) The Authorization Table controls the EUMs’ access to the LMS4000 900 MHz Radio Network. The Authorization Table contains the grade of service class for each EUM in the system, whether the EUM is registered or not. The contents of the Authorization Table are used by the Polling MAC algorithm, and also by the CCU, to automatically build the Registration Table.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables Registration Table (CCU only) The Registration Table contains a list of all registered EUMs. The CCU automatically builds and adds to this table as EUMs communicate with the CCU. Every EUM that registers with the CCU appears in this table. The EUM will be removed from the Registration Table if the: • EUM has not communicated with the CCU for more than 12 hours because: • • • • the EUM has been turned off for more than 12 hr.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables The end of the air table also prints the total number of EUMs registered.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables 60:03:3a> arp map 192.168.10.250 IP Address Ethernet 192.168.10.250 00:90:c8:60:ff:fe 60:03:3a> EUMID GOS 60:ff:fe bronze-61 Last Rx EUMID 60:00:6b 60:00:04 60:02:08 60:06:b6 60:06:9d 60:06:a4 60:0a:99 RSSI[dBm] -48 -53 -54 -47 -47 -47 -48 1 OR: 60:03:3a> arp map ARP MAP TABLE IP Address Ethernet 5.11.1.101 00:10:a4:c2:10:bb 5.11.1.102 ee:ee:ee:37:02:03 5.11.1.103 ee:ee:ee:37:02:04 5.11.1.104 ee:ee:ee:37:01:01 5.11.1.105 ee:ee:ee:37:01:02 5.11.1.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables Table 54 Bridge Table Entries Table Entry Description MAC Address Computer’s MAC address Air Access (EUM Only) Y - computer has been granted air access. N - computer has not been granted air access Time (s) Time, in seconds, since the last packet was received from a particular end-user computer or device.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables SNMP Read Communities: public SNMP Write Communities: private SNMP Traps: Statistics Log Interval: 15 minutes Radio Frequency: 9050 RF Power: LOW Maximum Number of Customers: 1 60:ff:fe> CCU BCF 60:06:4e> bcf Basic Cfg File: File ID : File Time Stamp: File Version : File Notes : File CRC : basic.cfg 5 Operator updated 0x7B CCU in Switched Ethernet Mode IP Address: 172.16.6.1 / 22 IP Subnet : 172.16.4.0 ( 255.255.252.0 ) Gateway IP Address: 172.16.6.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables Permanent Configuration File (CCU and EUM) The Permanent Configuration File (PCF) is a record of device parameters that are permanently programmed during manufacturing. CCU PCF 60:03:3a> pcf Permanent Cfg File: File File File File ID : Time Stamp: Version : Notes : perm.cfg 14May2001 002 Based on TN040 Hardware ID: 4B Ethernet MAC Address: 00:90:c8:e0:03:3a Airlink MAC Address: 00:90:c8:60:03:3a Serial Number: E0033A Modem Type: CCU RF level Lo - 905.0 Mhz Med - 915.
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables Modem Type: EUM RF level Lo - 905.0 Mhz Med - 915.0 Mhz High - 925.0 Mhz RSSI Lo Med High level - 905.0 Mhz - 915.0 Mhz - 925.0 Mhz +27 dbm -2 -2 -2 -76 dbm 44 44 44 +15 dbm 28 20 20 -70 dbm 50 50 50 -46 dbm 74 74 74 POT Settings: Wiper1: 50 Wiper2: 100 60:ff:fe> System Status File (CCU and EUM) The System Status File is a record of the results of the CCU and EUM POST (Power On Self Test).
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables System.........Operational Hardware Rev...A 60:03:3a> EUM3003 SYS SS 60:ff:fe> sys ss POST Results: ----------------------Registers......Passed Timers.........Passed SDRAM..........Passed Watchdog.......Passed TFFS...........Passed Ethernet.......Passed MAC............Passed USB............Not run RS232_1........Not run RS232_2........Not run File Status: ----------------------perm.cfg........Opened-OK basic.cfg.......Opened-OK route.cfg.......Test Not Run sa1110.exe......
Appendix G: CCU/EUM Data Tables 248 APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix H Windows Ping Commands The following table lists the options available for use with a Windows Ping test. This information was obtained from Microsoft Windows 2000 TCP/IP Protocols and Services Technical Reference, pp. 184-185. Table 55 Windows Ping Test Command Options Option Use Default -t Sends Echoes until interrupted.
Appendix H: Windows Ping Commands Option 250 Use Default -j host-list Sends the ICMP Echoes using the Loose Source Route option and sets the next hop addresses to the IP addresses in the host list. The host list is made up of IP addresses separated by spaces corresponding to the loose source route. There can be up to nine IP addresses in the lost list.
Appendix I SNMP MIB Definitions This appendix defines the MIBs used in the CCU and EUM. These MIBs are organized under the following headings: • MIB-II Elements Supported from RFC-1213 on page 251 • WaveRider CCU Enterprise MIBs on page 255 • CCU RFC MIB-II Traps on page 266 • WaveRider EUM Enterprise MIBs on page 267 • EUM RFC MIB-II Traps on page 276 MIB-II Elements Supported from RFC-1213 The CCU and EUM support the following MIB-II groups, which are defined in detail in RFC1213.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions 252 MIB Name OID Type Status Description at 3 MIB R This group shows the address translation table, mapping Ethernet addresses to IP addresses. This group is only for MIBI compatibility. ip 4 MIB R This group provides all of the statistics on IP traffic that is routed through the modem. For EUMs, all traffic from the end-user to the CCU bypass the IP stack in the EUM so these numbers are only for the EUM applications.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions Interfaces Group MIB Table 57 provides the details of the Interfaces group MIB mentioned above. All values in the following table are prefixed with 1. 3. 6.1. 2.1. 2. Table 57 MIB-II Interface List Header MIB MIB Name OID Type Status ifIndex 1 Integer R ifTable 2 MIB Description The number of entries in ifTable. The list of interfaces. All values in Table 58 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1, as defined in RFC1213, and are read only.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions 254 MIB Name OID Value Type Accepted Values Description ifPhysAddress 6 Phys Address ifAdminStatus 7 Integer 1: up 2: down 3: testing The desired state of the interface. The testing(3) state indicates that no operational packets can be passed. ifOperStatus 8 Integer 1: up 2: down 3: testing The current operational state of the interface. The testing(3) state indicates that no operational packets can be passed.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions MIB Name OID Value Type Accepted Values Description ifOutNUcastPkts 18 Counter The total number of packets that higherlevel protocols requested be transmitted to a non-unicast (i.e., a subnetworkbroadcast or subnetwork-multicast) address, including those that were discarded or not sent. ifOutDiscards 19 Counter The number of outbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being transmitted.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions CCU Base MIB All values in Table 59, which are read only, are prefixed with 1. 3. 6.1.4.1. 2979.11. Table 59 WaveRider CCU Base MIB MIB Name OID Value Type Description ccuGlobal 1 MIB CCU general data. ccuRadioConfig 2 MIB CCU configuration and setup data. ccuRadioStats 3 MIB CCU radio statistics. ccuEtherStats 4 MIB CCU Ethernet statistics ccuModem 5 MIB CCU registration and authorization information.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions CCU Radio Configuration Group All CCU Radio Configuration Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 61 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.2. Table 61 WaveRider CCU Radio Configuration Enterprise MIBs MIB Name OID Value Type ccuRadioConfigVersion 1 String ccuRadioUnitMacAddress 2 Physical Address ccuRadioConfigFrequency 3 Integer ccuRadioConfigDomain 4 Integer ccuRadioHardwareRevision 5 String APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions CCU Radio Statistics Group All CCU Radio Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 62 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.3. Table 62 WaveRider CCU Radio Statistics MIB MIB Name OID Value Type ccuRadioStatsGeneral 1 MIB General radio statistics. ccuRadioStatsDriver 2 MIB Radio driver statistics ccuRadioStatsAtmel 3 MIB Radio MAC statistics.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions MIB Name OID Value Type Description ccuRadioDrvUnknownEvent 7 Counter Number of received an unknown/no event interrupts received by the radio driver ISR. ccuRadioDrvSend 8 Counter Number of packets sent successfully by the radio driver transmit queue. ccuRadioDrvSendQFull 9 Counter Number of packets not sent because the radio driver transmit queue was full.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions 260 MIB Name OID Value Type Description ccuRadioMACRxDataOctets 2 Counter Number of data octets received correctly from the air interface. ccuRadioMACRxCtrlPayloads 3 Counter Number of control payloads received correctly from the air interface. ccuRadioMACRxPayloadFailInvalidType 4 Counter Number of times an unknown type of payload was received from the air interface.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions MIB Name OID Value Type Description ccuRadioMACRxPktsDuplicate 23 Counter Number of duplicate payloads (see note 1) received and discarded. Indicates that a MAC layer acknowledgement was lost. ccuRadioMACRxPktsRuntFail 24 Counter Number of packets received that were shorter than the minimum size. ccuRadioMACRxPktsLongFail 25 Counter Number of packets received that were longer than the maximum size.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions MIB Name OID Value Type Description ccuRadioMACTxPayloadsFailDeleted 43 Counter Number of payloads discarded from a queue that was emptied when an EUM was deregistered due to non-response or deauthorization. ccuRadioMACTxPayloadsBadParam 44 Counter Number of payloads returned to the host because they are improperly formed (internal error).
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions • The CCU maintains a transmit queue for each EUM. The length of this queue is limited, to prevent one EUM from consuming all the resources and impacting service to other EUMs. Discards indicate excessive load by one EUM, possibly due to large TCP windows. • Registration occurs once per EUM and/or CCU boot time.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions MIB Name OID Value Type Description ccuEtherRxDataMblkAllocError 13 Counter Number of packets lost due to insufficient memory resources. ccuEtherRxDataLenghtError 14 Counter Number of packets received that violate Ethernet packet length rules. ccuEtherRxDiscards 15 Counter Number of packets discarded because the unit was not ready to receive data. ccuEtherTxData 16 Counter Number of packets received and placed on the transmit queue.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions CCU Registration Information MIB All CCU Registration MIB values are read only. All values in Table 68 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.11.5.1 Table 68 WaveRider CCU Registration Information MIB MIB Name OID Value Type ccuRegistrationCount 1 Integer ccuRegistrationTable 2 MIB Description Number of connections in the Registration Table. CCU Registration Table All CCU Registration Table Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 69 are prefixed with 1.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions Table 71 WaveRider CCU Authorization Table MIB MIB Name OID Type Accepted Values Description ccuAuthorizationIndex 1 Integer ccuAuthorizationId 2 Integer 000000-FFFFFF Integer representation of the EUM ID, normally displayed in hexadecimal. ccuAuthorizationGosClass 3 Integer 1: Best Effort 2: Bronze 3: Silver 4: Gold 5: Denied The grade of service associated with the EUM. Index of entry in Authorization Table.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions WaveRider EUM Enterprise MIBs The structure of the EUM MIBs is illustrated in Figure 65. Enterprise (1.3.6.1.4.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions Table 74 WaveRider EUM General Information Enterprise MIBs Accepted Values Description MIB Name OID Value Type Status eumGlobalSerialNumber 1 String R EUM hardware serial number eumGlobalSoftwareVersion 2 String R EUM firmware version. eumGlobalHardwareVersion 3 String R EUM hardware version. eumGlobalCapability 4 Integer R Special option identification mask.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions EUM Radio Statistics Group All EUM Radio Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 76 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.3. Table 76 WaveRider EUM Radio Statistics MIB MIB Name OID Value Type eumRadioStatsGeneral 1 MIB General radio statistics. eumRadioStatsDriver 2 MIB Radio driver statistics eumRadioStatsAtmel 3 MIB Radio MAC statistics. APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions EUM Radio General Statistics Group All EUM Radio General Statistics Group MIB values are read only. All values in Table 77 are prefixed with 1.3.6.1.4.1.2979.12.3.1. Table 77 WaveRider EUM Radio General Statistics Group MIB MIB Name OID Value Type Description eumRadioGenRSSI 1 Integer Radio receive signal strength indicator, in dBm. ‘0’ indicates no signal present. eumRadioGenTPI 2 Counter The radio transmit power indicator.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions MIB Name OID Value Type Description eumRadioDrvAMMQFull 13 Counter Number of times a packet could not be sent to the MAC-layer shared memory because there were no transmit descriptors left. Radio driver tries 5 more times to send the packet. eumRadioDrvAMMQFullDiscard 14 Counter Number of times, after 5 attempts, a packet could not be sent to the MAC-layer shared memory because there were no transmit descriptors left. Packet is discarded.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions 272 MIB Name OID Value Type Description eumRadioMACTxDataOctets 8 Counter Number of data octets transmitted to the air interface. eumRadioMACTxCtrlPayloads 9 Counter Number of control payloads transmitted to the air interface. eumRadioMACTxPayloadFailInvalidType 10 Counter Number of times a payload of an unknown type was discarded. eumRadioMACTxPayloadFailGiant 11 Counter Number of times a payload that was too long was discarded.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions MIB Name OID Value Type eumRadioMACRxPktsFCSFail 28 Counter Number of packets received with a Frame Check Sequence failure (payload corrupted). eumRadioMACRxPktsAssocFail 29 Counter Total number of times a received packet is discarded because no association can be made. eumRadioMACRxPktsIncomplete 30 Counter Number of times the receive DMA for a payload does not complete (internal error).
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions MIB Name OID Value Type Description eumRadioMACTxPayloadQueueTooLong 48 Counter Total number of payloads returned to the host because the EUM’s transmit queue was too long. eumRadioMACTxPayloadEmpty 49 Counter Total number of empty payloads received and returned to host (GOS directives). eumRadioMACReplyOrRssiTimeout 50 Counter Number of times the RSSI timer expired because the EUM had not received anything from the CCU for more than 0.5s.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions Table 80 WaveRider CCU Ethernet Statistics Group MIB MIB Name OID Value Type Description eumEtherInterrupts 1 Counter Total number of interrupts received by the Ethernet driver ISR, interrupt service routine. eumEtherRxInterrupt 2 Counter Number of receive complete interrupts received by the Ethernet driver ISR. eumEtherRxOverrunInterrupt 3 Counter Number of overrun interrupts received by the Ethernet driver ISR.
Appendix I: SNMP MIB Definitions EUM RFC MIB-II Traps RFC MIB-II Traps Table 81 EUM RFC MIB-II Traps 276 MIB Name OID Description coldStart 1.3.6.1.2.1.11.0.0 Power Cycle or Power On authenticationFailure 1.3.6.1.2.1.11.0.4 An SNMP request has failed due to improper authentication APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix J Operating Statistics The CCU and EUM provide a comprehensive set of operating statistics for each of the following: • Ethernet Statistics on page 278 • Radio Driver Statistics on page 280 • MAC Interface Statistics on page 282 • Routing/Bridging Protocol Statistics on page 287 • RADIUS Client Statistics on page 291 • Network Interface Statistics on page 293 • System Load Statistics (Radio Meter) on page 295 • CCU Watch Statistics on page 298 • Registration Table (CCU only) on p
Appendix J: Operating Statistics To Display (all) Statistics from the CLI • At the command prompt, type stats and press Enter. The following sections describe each of the statistics in detail and the procedure for obtaining specific sets of statistics (Ethernet, Radio, and so on). Ethernet Statistics Ethernet Statistics present operational information about data passing through the CCU and EUM Ethernet ports. These statistics are described in Table 82.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description RX Data Number of packets received and accepted by the IP stack. RX Data Error Number of packets received and rejected by the IP stack because of errors. RX Data Mblk Alloc Error Number of packets lost due to insufficient memory resources. RX Data Length Error Number of packets received that violate Ethernet packet length rules. RX Discards Number of packets discarded because the unit was not ready to receive data.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Radio Driver Statistics Radio Driver Statistics present operational information about data passing through the CCU and EUM radio driver and ports. These statistics are described in Table 83. As indicated in Table 83, all of the Radio Driver statistics are available in a WaveRider MIB.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description AMM Get Number of packets received from the MAC-layer shared memory. AMM Q Empty Number of times there was a receive interrupt, but nothing available to read out of the MAC-layer shared memory. Receive Number of successfully received packets. Receive MBlk Unavailable Number of times the radio driver could not allocate an mblk (memory block) for storing a packet retrieved from the MAC-layer shared memory.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics MAC Interface Statistics MAC Interface Statistics present operational information about data which is processed by the CCU and EUM MAC layer. These statistics are described in Table 84. As noted in Table 84, most of the MAC interface statistics are available in a WaveRider MIB. Table 84 MAC Interface Statistics Statistic 282 Description Rx Data Payloads Number of data payloads received correctly from the air interface.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description False Command IRQs Number of times a command failed because the previous command was still being processed. Command Status Errors Number of times the MAC-layer management message was rejected. Atmel Fatal Error Not used. Unused Statistic Not used. rxPktsDirected At the CCU, the number of times a reply from the EUM is received with the correct HCRC (header cyclic redundancy check).
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic 284 Description rxPayloadsDelivered Number of payloads that this station received correctly. rxPktsEmpty Number of packets received that are directed to this station, but that did not contain a payload. txPkts Number of packets transmitted. txPktsEmpty Number of packets transmitted with no payload. txPayloads Number of payloads transmitted. txPayloadsBCast Number of broadcast payloads transmitted.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description restarts Number of times that a PAI (physical attachment interface) state machine restart occurred (internal error). registrationRequests At the CCU, the number of registration requests received (see note 5). At the EUM, the number of registration requests transmitted (see note 5). registrationResponses At the CCU, the number of registration responses transmitted (see note 5).
Appendix J: Operating Statistics while that EUM is powered ON) or if the EUM does not respond to multiple consecutive polls, such as when it is powered OFF. • Association occurs when there is traffic to send to or from an EUM. Disassociation occurs if there is no traffic to or from an EUM for a short period of time.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics deregistrationRequests: deregistrationInits: disassociationRequests: disassociationInits: newAssociations: currentAssociations: unexpectedEvents: txDescAvail: lastQueueTooLongEUM: 60:03:3a> 2 0 64 64 71 1 0 74 00:00:00 Routing/Bridging Protocol Statistics Routing/Bridging Protocol Statistics present operational information about data which is processed by the bridging, switching, and routing layers. These statistics are described in Table 85.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic 288 Description Rx Eth Err - Unknown Ether Type Number of Ethernet frames from the Ethernet port that were discarded because they were not IP, ARP, RARP, or PPPoE frames (example, IPX frame). Rx Eth Err - Bridge Table Full (CCU Only) Number of Ethernet frames received on the Ethernet port discarded because the bridge table was full.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description Rx Radio Err - Pkt Size Number of Ethernet frames from the radio port that were discarded because the frame was too large or too small to decode. Rx Radio Err - Unknown Ether Type Number of Ethernet frames from the radio port that were discarded because they were not IP, ARP, RARP, or PPPoE frames (example, IPX frame).
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description Tx Dst - Unregistered (CCU Only) Number of transmit Ethernet frames discarded because the destination EUM was unregistered. Tx Err - Mblk Number of transmit Ethernet frames that had to be discarded because of a specific type of memory allocation error. Tx Err - Msg Buffer Number of transmit Ethernet frames that had to be discarded because of a specific type of memory allocation error.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Tx Tx Tx Tx Tx Tx Err Err Err Err Err Err - Unknown Unregistered Mblk Msg Buffer Pkt Size Could not Duplicate (Discard) (Discard) (Discard) (Discard) (Discard) (Discard) : : : : : : 0 0 0 0 0 0 60:03:3a> RADIUS Client Statistics RADIUS Client Statistics, described in Table 86, are generated by the RADIUS client resident on the CCU. RADIUS Client Statistics are not available in the WaveRider MIBs.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description Rx Timeouts Number of times an expected response did not arrive within 3 seconds. Rx Okay Number of RADIUS messages received with the correct authenticator. Rx Wrong Code Number of received RADIUS messages of an unsupported type. Rx Accept, No GOS Number of received RADIUS access accept responses not containing a WaveRider vendor-specific attribute.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Rx Rx Rx Rx Accept, Unknown GOS (discard) Access Reject Okay Access Accept Okay Accounting Response Okay 0 0 71 69 No Access Response (4 attempts) 0 No Accounting Response (4 attempts) 0 Network Interface Statistics Network Interface Statistics, described in Table 85, are generated by the IP-protocol suite resident on the CCU and EUM. Network Interface Statistics are not available in the WaveRider MIBs.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics badlen 0 infragments 0 fragdropped 0 fragtimeout 0 forward 69 cantforward 1046 redirectsent 0 unknownprotocol 15 nobuffers 0 reassembled 0 outfragments 0 noroute 0 Active Internet connections (including servers) PCB Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address -------- ----- ------ ------ -----------------5cc6b4 TCP 0 0 0.0.0.0.23 5cc4ac TCP 0 0 0.0.0.0.21 5cc8bc UDP 0 0 0.0.0.0.123 5cc9c0 UDP 0 0 0.0.0.0.20001 5cbb88 UDP 0 0 0.0.0.0.161 Foreign Address -----------------0.0.0.0.0 0.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics 0 incomplete header 0 bad data length field 0 bad checksum 2651 broadcasts received with no ports 0 full socket 51 pcb cache lookups failed 20 pcb hash lookups failed 60:03:3a> System Load Statistics (Radio Meter) These statistics are only available at the CCU. The load statistics are summarized in Table 88. System Load Statistics are not available through the WaveRider MIBs. • The radio meter command—without an argument—prints current totals.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description Avg IPS Current low-pass average inter-poll space, in microseconds, for the class/level at that instant in time, which corresponds to the current polling rate for EUMs in that class. If no EUMs are currently in the class, it is the average taken at the time the last EUM exited the class. Total Polls Number of times the CCU has polled an EUM in the class/level.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics activePollTimeout and have not timed out on disassociationTime. Therefore payload counts for inactive EUMs indicate transitions from inactive to active. NOTE: Broadcast traffic is carried with random access polls. Therefore, forward traffic (CCU-to-EUM) in the broadcast row is broadcast traffic, while reverse traffic is random access traffic.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics CCU Watch Statistics The CCU includes the command, which enables you to monitor link statistics for a single specified EUM. • watch xx:xx:xx clears the watch statistics memory and starts watching the specified EUM. • watch displays the results of the watch statistics gathering. While an EUM is being watched, the statistics are incremented only for packets transmitted to or from the specified EUM.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics No Reply Received : No Payload : 0 14194 Received Payloads FCS Error : Duplicate : Delivered : 60:03:3a> 0.0% 99.7% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 33 100.0% NOTE: Input Octets, Input Packets, Output Octets, and Output Packets are measured from the point of EUM registration. All statistics below Output Packets are measured from the point at which the watch xx:xx:xx command was entered.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Statistic Description 20k Number of payloads acknowledged after the second transmission. 30k Number of payloads acknowledged after the third transmission. 40k Number of payloads acknowledged after the fourth transmission. Fail Retry Number of payloads that failed to transmit due to the retry limit. Fail Q Too Long Number of payloads returned to the host because the transmit queue for the EUM was too long.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Registration Table (CCU only) The Registration Table contains a list of all registered EUMs. The CCU automatically builds and adds to this table as EUMs communicate with the CCU. Every EUM that registers with the CCU appears in this table. The EUM will be removed from the Registration Table if the: • EUM has not communicated with the CCU for more than 12 hours because: • • • • the EUM has been turned off for more than 12 hr.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Maximum Associations: 75 Deregistration Count: 8 REGISTERED EUMs EUM ID GOS Class RSSI[dBm] Time[s] Rx-Octets Rx-Packets Tx-Octets Tx-Packets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------60:05:13 gold -50 1 721564 6610 435914 6236 60:08:60 be -55 78 232140 1983 125470 1794 2 EUMs registered of 300 allowed 60:03:3a> NOTE: The air command has been used to view the Registration Table, because reg is too close to reb (reboot).
Appendix J: Operating Statistics 60:03:3a> The system log records every command you enter, either through the serial console port or through a Telnet session, which can be useful when troubleshooting problems. The system log also saves the following statistics at each recording period. Each line is preceded by the date/time stamp and the “statN” label, where “N” is the line number.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Table 92 CCU and EUM System Log Statistics — Line 2 Field Name Description 1 rxPktsDirected CCU: Total responses to directed polls (with HCRC okay) EUM: Total directed polls received to this station (with HCRC okay). 2 rxPktsBroadcast CCU: Total responses to random access polls (with HCRC okay) EUM: Total broadcast packets received to this station (with HCRC okay). 3 rxPktsNoMatch Total packets received not to this station.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Field Name Description 4 txPktsEmpty Total number of packets transmitted with no payload. 5 txPayloads Total number of payloads transmitted . 6 txPayloadsBCast Total number of payloads broadcasted. No ACKs are expected. Table 95 CCU and EUM System Log Statistics — Line 5 Field Name Description 1 txPayloads10k Total number of payloads acknowledged after the first transmission.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Table 97 CCU and EUM System Log Statistics — Line 7 Field Name Description 1 replyOrRssiTimeouts CCU: number of times the reply timer expires. EUM: number of times the RSSI timer expires. 2 restarts Number of times PAI state machine restart occurs. 3 registrationRequests CCU: Number of registration requests received. EUM: Number of registration requests transmitted. 4 registrationResponses CCU: Number of registration responses transmitted.
Appendix J: Operating Statistics Field Name Description 4 Silver Average IPS Interpacket Spacing (IPS) for Silver Active Users 5 Silver MAX Violations Violations of MAX IPS for Silver Active Users 6 Silver Ideal Violations Violations of the ideal IPS for Silver Active Users Table 100 CCU ONLY System Log Statistics — Line a Field Name Description 1 Bronze Average IPS Interpacket Spacing (IPS) for Bronze Active Users 2 Bronze MAX Violations Violations of MAX IPS for Bronze Active Users
Appendix J: Operating Statistics 308 APCD-LM043-8.
Appendix K Sample IP Plan This section includes sample IP plans for an LMS4000 system. There is a sample IP plan for each of the following network configurations: • Routed Mode on page 309 • Switched Ethernet and Through-Only Modes on page 322 TIP: For a large system, the CCU radio subnets should lie in different Ethernet domains to reduce broadcast traffic. This is automatically the case in Routed Mode, but requires careful planning of upstream networking equipment in Switched Ethernet mode.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan CAP IP Addressing Plan Table 101 Example – CAP IP Addressing Plan CAP Element IP Address Gateway Router 192.168.10.1 /24 CAP Switch 192.168.10.5 /24 CAP UPS 192.168.10.6 /24 SNMP Manager 192.168.10.7 /24 CCU Ethernet IP Addressing Plan Table 102 Site CAP01 CAP02 CAP03 CAP04 CAP05 310 Example – CCU Ethernet IP Addressing Plan CCU CCU Ethernet Address CCU01 192.168.10.11 CCU02 Site CAP09 CCU CCU Ethernet Address CCU01 192.168.10.43 192.168.10.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Site CAP06 CAP07 CAP08 CCU Ethernet Address CCU CCU01 192.168.10.31 CCU02 Site CAP14 CCU Ethernet Address CCU CCU01 192.168.10.63 192.168.10.32 CCU02 192.168.10.64 CCU03 192.168.10.33 CCU03 192.168.140.65 CCU04 192.168.10.34 CCU04 192.168.140.66 CCU01 192.168.10.35 CCU01 192.168.10.67 CCU02 192.168.10.36 CCU02 192.168.10.68 CCU03 192.168.10.37 CCU03 192.168.10.69 CCU04 192.168.10.38 CCU04 192.168.10.70 CCU01 192.168.10.39 CCU02 192.168.10.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Site CCU Subnet CCU Radio IP Address CCU Radio Subnet Range Broadcast CCU01 172.16.20.0 172.16.20.1 172.16.20.1 - 172.16.23.254 172.16.23.255 CCU02 172.16.24.0 172.16.24.1 172.16.24.1 - 172.16.27.254 172.16.27.255 CCU03 172.16.28.0 172.16.28.1 172.16.28.1 - 172.16.31.254 172.16.31.255 CAP02 CAP03 CAP04 CAP05 CAP06 CAP07 CAP08 CAP09 312 CCU04 172.16.32.0 172.16.32.1 172.16.32.1 - 172.16.35.254 172.16.35.255 CCU01 172.16.36.0 172.16.36.1 172.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan CCU Radio Subnet Range CCU CAP10 CCU01 172.16.148.0 172.16.148.1 172.16.148.1 - 172.16.151.254 172.16.151.255 CCU02 172.16.152.0 172.16.152.1 172.16.152.1 - 172.16.155.254 172.16.155.255 CCU03 172.16.156.0 172.16.156.1 172.16.156.1 - 172.16.159.254 172.16.159.255 CCU04 172.16.160.0 172.16.160.1 172.16.160.1 - 172.16.163.254 172.16.163.255 CCU01 172.16.164.0 172.16.164.1 172.16.164.1 - 172.16.167.254 172.16.167.255 CCU02 172.16.168.0 172.16.168.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan EUM IP Addressing Plan Table 105 Site CAP01 Example – EUM IP Addressing Plan CCU CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP02 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP03 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 314 Subnet ID EUM IP Address Range EUM001-253 172.16.4.2 - 172.16.4.254 EUM254-300 172.16.5.1 - 172.16.5.47 EUM001-253 172.16.8.2 - 172.16.8.254 EUM254-300 172.16.9.1 - 172.16.9.47 EUM001-253 172.16.12.2 - 172.16.12.254 EUM254-300 172.16.13.1 - 172.16.13.47 EUM001-253 172.16.16.2 - 172.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Site CAP04 CCU CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP05 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP06 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP07 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 APCD-LM043-8.0 (DRAFT C) Subnet ID EUM IP Address Range EUM001-253 172.16.52.2 - 172.16.52.254 EUM254-300 172.16.53.1 - 172.16.53.47 EUM001-253 172.16.56.2 - 172.16.56.254 EUM254-300 172.16.57.1 - 172.16.57.47 EUM001-253 172.16.60.2 - 172.16.60.254 EUM254-300 172.16.61.1 - 172.16.61.47 EUM001-253 172.16.64.2 - 172.16.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Site CAP08 CCU CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP09 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP10 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP11 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 316 Subnet ID EUM IP Address Range EUM001-253 172.16.116.2 - 172.16.116.254 EUM254-300 172.16.117.1 - 172.16.117.47 EUM001-253 172.16.120.2 - 172.16.120.254 EUM254-300 172.16.121.1 - 172.16.121.47 EUM001-253 172.16.124.2 - 172.16.124.254 EUM254-300 172.16.125.1 - 172.16.125.47 EUM001-253 172.16.128.2 - 172.16.128.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Site CAP12 CCU CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP13 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP14 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP15 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 APCD-LM043-8.0 (DRAFT C) Subnet ID EUM IP Address Range EUM001-253 172.16.180.2 - 172.16.180.254 EUM254-300 172.16.181.1 - 172.16.181.47 EUM001-253 172.16.184.2 - 172.16.184.254 EUM254-300 172.16.185.1 - 172.16.185.47 EUM001-253 172.16.188.2 - 172.16.188.254 EUM254-300 172.16.189.1 - 172.16.189.47 EUM001-253 172.16.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Subscriber IP Addressing Plan Table 106 Site CAP01 Example – Subscriber IP Addressing Plan CCU CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP02 CCU01 CCU02 CCU02 CCU04 CAP03 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 318 Subnet ID Subscriber IP Address Range SUB001-253 172.16.6.1 - 172.16.6.254 SUB254-300 172.16.7.1 - 172.16.7.46 SUB001-253 172.16.10.1 - 172.16.10.254 SUB254-300 172.16.11.1 - 172.16.11.46 SUB001-253 172.16.14.1 - 172.16.14.254 SUB254-300 172.16.15.1 - 172.16.15.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Site CAP04 CCU CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP05 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP06 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP07 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 APCD-LM043-8.0 (DRAFT C) Subnet ID Subscriber IP Address Range SUB001-253 172.16.54.1 - 172.16.54.254 SUB254-300 172.16.55.1 - 172.16.55.46 SUB001-253 172.16.58.1 - 172.16.58.254 SUB254-300 172.16.59.1 - 172.16.59.46 SUB001-253 172.16.62.1 - 172.16.62.254 SUB254-300 172.16.63.1 - 172.16.63.46 SUB001-253 172.16.66.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Site CAP08 CCU CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP09 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP10 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP11 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 320 Subnet ID Subscriber IP Address Range SUB001-253 172.16.118.1 - 172.16.118.254 SUB254-300 172.16.119.1 - 172.16.119.46 SUB001-253 172.16.122.1 - 172.16.122.254 SUB254-300 172.16.123.1 - 172.16.123.46 SUB001-253 172.16.126.1 - 172.16.126.254 SUB254-300 172.16.127.1 - 172.16.127.46 SUB001-253 172.16.130.1 - 172.16.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Site CAP12 CCU CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP13 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP14 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 CAP15 CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 APCD-LM043-8.0 (DRAFT C) Subnet ID Subscriber IP Address Range SUB001-253 172.16.182.1 - 172.16.182.254 SUB254-300 172.16.183.1 - 172.16.183.46 SUB001-253 172.16.186.1 - 172.16.186.254 SUB254-300 172.16.187.1 - 172.16.187.46 SUB001-253 172.16.190.1 - 172.16.190.254 SUB254-300 172.16.191.1 - 172.16.191.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Switched Ethernet and Through-Only Modes The following tables provide an example of an IP plan for a small LMS4000 system equipped with a single 900 MHz CAP and up to 4 CCUs: • CAP IP Addressing Plan on page 322 • CCU Radio IP Addressing Plan on page 323 • EUM IP Addressing Plan on page 323 • Subscriber IP Addressing Plan on page 324 A maximum of 200 nodes (CCUs, EUMs, routers, and other backend equipment) will be supported in a small network.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan CCU Radio IP Addressing Plan Table 108 Example – CCU Radio Subnet Data Subnet 172.16.0.0 Subnet Mask Bits 22 Subnet Mask 255.255.252.0 (ff.ff.fc.00) Table 109 Example – CCU Radio IP Addressing Plan Site CCU Subnet CCU Radio IP Address CCU Radio Subnet Range Broadcast CAP01 CCU01 172.16.4.0 172.16.4.2 172.16.4.1 - 172.16.7.254 172.16.7.255 CCU02 172.16.8.0 172.16.8.2 172.16.8.1 - 172.16.11.254 172.16.11.255 CCU03 172.16.12.0 172.16.12.2 172.16.12.
Appendix K: Sample IP Plan Table 111 Example – EUM IP Addressing Plan Site CCU CAP01 Subnet ID CCU01 CCU02 CCU03 CCU04 EUM IP Address Range EUM001-253 172.16.4.3 - 172.16.4.254 EUM254-300 172.16.5.1 - 172.16.5.47 EUM001-253 172.16.8.3 - 172.16.8.254 EUM254-300 172.16.9.1 - 172.16.9.47 EUM001-253 172.16.12.3 - 172.16.12.254 EUM254-300 172.16.13.1 - 172.16.13.47 EUM001-253 172.16.16.3 - 172.16.16.254 EUM254-300 172.16.17.1 - 172.16.17.
Appendix L WaveRider Attribute Definition WaveRider-Grade-of-Service Description: This attribute contains the grade of service assigned to the user. If it is not present, the default grade of service will be used. This attribute is only included in Access-Accept packets. A summary of the WaveRider-Grade-of-Service attribute format is shown below. The fields are transmitted from left to right.
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Appendix M Acronyms and Glossary Table 114 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Definition AC Alternating Current API Application Programming Interface ARP Address Resolution Protocol ARQ Automatic Retry Request ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange BCF Basic Configuration File CAP Communications Access Point CCU CAP Channel Unit C/I Carrier to interference ratio CLI Command Line Interface CPU Central Processing Unit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check C
Appendix M: Acronyms and Glossary Acronym or Abbreviation 328 Definition DRAM Dynamic Random-access Memory DSR Data Set Ready DSSS Direct-sequence Spread Spectrum DTE Data Terminal Equipment ESD Electrostatic Discharge ESN Electronic Serial Number ETSI European Telecommunications Standards for Industry EUM End-user Modem FCC Federal Communications Commission (U.S.A.
Appendix M: Acronyms and Glossary Acronym or Abbreviation Definition NAP Network Access Point NAT Network Address Translation NCL Network Communication Link NTP Network Time Protocol OAM Operations, Administration and Maintenance OID Object Identifier OS Operating System PAT Port Address Translation PC Personal Computer PCF Permanent Configuration File PDF Portable Document Format PHY Physical Layer PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet RADIUS Remote Access Dial-in User S
Appendix M: Acronyms and Glossary Acronym or Abbreviation Definition UPS Uninterruptable Power Supply UTC Coordinated Universal Time VLAN Virtual Local Area Network Table 115 LMS4000 Network Glossary Term 330 Definition LMS4000 RF Subsystem The RF Equipment associated with an LMS4000, including CCUs, antennas, and transmission lines. Broadcast (Message) A message sent by one network device to all other devices connected to the network.
Appendix M: Acronyms and Glossary Term Definition Host Name The common name given to network devices to make them more easily identifiable by network operators and maintenance personnel. Gateway A device connecting two networks that use different communications technologies or protocols; for example, an IP/ Telephony Gateway provides a connection between an IP network and a telephone network.
Appendix M: Acronyms and Glossary Term 332 Definition Radio Module The device in the EUM (or CCU) that provides the wireless interface to the LMS network. The radio module performs signal spreading and modulation, channelization, upconversion and amplification in the transmit direction, and signal amplification, down-conversion, channel selection, demodulation, de-spreading and data recovery in the receive direction.
Appendix M: Acronyms and Glossary Term Definition Spread Spectrum A communication technology in which the transmitted signal occupies a much greater bandwidth than the information bandwidth. The benefits of spread spectrum are generally lower spectral power density, and immunity to noise, interference and jamming. Static Route A route that is manually entered into a routing table by a crafts person or network operator.
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Index A acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . address translation table antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . alignment . . . . . . . . connector . . . . . . . . control . . . . . . . . . . guidelines . . . . . . . . kit components . . . . location . . . . . . . . . . mounting . . . . . . . . . pointing . . . . . . . . . . position . . . . . . . . . . ARP Map table . . . . . . . ARP table . . . . . . . . . . . Atmel statistics . . . . . . . authorization table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 . . . . . . . . . . .
factory configuration . . data tables . . . . . . . . . . . . INOP command-line syntax installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . kit components . . . . . . . . . password . . . . . . . . . . . . . receive statistics . . . . . . . . registration . . . . . . . . . . . . states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . testing communications . . . thin route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . transmit statistics . . . . . . . . external interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 . . . . . . 231 . . . . . . 216 . . . . . . 143 .
R radio CCU configuration . . driver statistics . . . . EUM configuration . . interference . . . . . . . LED states . . . . . . . link testing . . . . . . . . network planning . . . radio meter . . . . . . . specifications . . . . . RADIUS statistics . . . . . . . . . receive sensitivity . . . . . receive statistics . . . . . . registration table . . . . . . RF coverage . . . . . . . . . RF design guidelines . . . routing protocol statistics routing table . . . . . . . . . RSSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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