PK-96 l ,-'', ,''Opgrating Manual ",',' . ,' , t ,^nitil;;i;,:1;';i-;Yr "'.=t',,,.. ,.,,',,,' :, ' , ,. ,,1 .,,. .,, 5 0 1W, , Lawson, Av€. ,, l' ' ',. : ' . '| -: n*p=z*wrl,newuu*.
PK.96 OperatingManual TimewaveTechnologyInc. 501W. LawsonAve. St.Paul,MN55117 http://www.
Welcome Thank you for purchasing an Timewave/AEA product! Befbre you go any further, please flll out and return the enclosedWarranty RegistrationCard. From time to time, Timewave offers updatesto its products-we can only tell you about theseupdatesif we have yollr warranty card on file, so send it in if you haven't alreadydone so. FCC Regulations This device complies with Part l5 of the FCC rules.
Tableof Contents FCCRegulations Introduction........ T y po g ra p h i ca C ol n ve n ti o n s Ab bre vi a ti ounse s dth ro u g h out the manual..........,.... 2. PowerSupplyandComputer Installation ............ Co n n e c ti ng P ow er Tu rn i ng i t O n ....... Re - l n iti al i z ati....... on Connecting YourComputer to the PK-96 The Cable Apple Computers D umbTerminals Th eComputer......... C t h e rC o mp u te rs w i thR S -2 32Por ts O t h e rC o mp u te rs w i thN o n -Standar d ialPor ts........
R a d i oC o n n e cti o n R e q u i re me n ts for 9600bps Oper ation......... Ad j u s ti nth g e P K -9 6 's D e vi a ti o n R a d i oCo n n e cti o n.............. s O t h e rR a d i o s C r y s t a l - Co n tro l l F ed M T ra n sce i v er s "M o d "N o te sfo r S p e ci fi cR a d i o s P a c k e tP a ra me te rs............ 4. You're in Command ........ P a r a m e t ers a n d A rg u me n ts............. Bo o l e an Numeric Texo t r S tri n gA rg u me n ts C h a n g i n gCo mma n d s.............
12 0 0/9600bps Operation.... . . . . . . M o nitoringOtherS tations M o nitoring the P acketNetwor k in g S wit c h e s Se lectiveMonitoring M FILTE R M onitorW ithoutCall S ign Hea d e rs Be a conOperation PacketTransmitTiming Packeting ThroughV oiceRepe a t e rs Pa cke t F ormattingand E diting . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( R ETURN)'s and Linefeeds Ca ncellingLinesand P ackets Redisplaying Text The P A S SCharacter Packe t ProtocolB asics ConnectedPackets FRA CKand RE TRY ............ . .
.GPsOperation..... Ove r view Why d o GP S in the P K -96? H ar d wa r eConfigurations.......
Appendix A: RadioConnections Ra d i oC onnec ti on N otes Ra d i oLi s ti ngs Ra d i oC onnec ti on D i agrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix B: PartsList,Schematics, Diagram andPictorial Appendix C: Specifications ModemCharacteristics Processor System In p u t/ O utput C onnec ti ons ..... . . C o n tr oland s Indi c ators ..... . . . . Ge n e ral Appendix D: Upgrading thePK-96 Appendix E: Understanding HighSpeedModems .............134 . . . . ........ 134 . . . . ........ 135 . ........ 139 ....
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Introduction Overview The PK-96 is a 1200/9600baud, packet-onlycontroller that setsa new standardin the amateurradio world. As a new owner, however,you're probably bewildered by its scoresof commands and their functions,besideswonderingwhat all those lights on the front panel do or mean.
Key nameslike (ENTER), (RETURN), (SHIFT), (CTRL), and (SPACEBAR)-when used as a verb-mean pressthe key.After enteringany commandinto your PK-96,you'll alwayspressthe (RETURN) or (ENTER)key.So, wheneverthe word "enter"is used,it meansto entera commandor text from your keyboard,thenpressthe (ENTER)or (RETURN)key; Throughoutthis manualwe'll refer to this kev as (RETURN).
1. The PK-96 Overview The PK-96 wasdesignedto provideyou with a superiorpacketoperatingplatformwhenconnectedto your computeranda VHF or UHF transceiver. Capabilities& Features , AX.25 levels 1 & 2, 1200/9600bps packetoperationin the Command, Host and KISS modes. . l8K mailbox (expandableto 100K with upgradeoption, seeAppendix D). . Gateway for node operation. . Can be a 1200/9600bps componentin a TheNet node stackwith Timewave's TheNet upgrade. .
. A power supply. . A computerand a radio. The PC PakRatt Lite sofiware included with the PK-96 is for those who have no other terminal control program to Llse.The PK-96 will work with practically any telephonemodem or terminal emulation program that your computer can run, as Iong as it usesthe full ASCII character pCset.pC-pakrtttt-ll, cLn.cl Pakrau for Windows are more powerf ul programs than PC PakRatt Lite of'fered by Timewave and are tailor-madelbr its controller products.
f3il Timewave PK.96 XMT DCO CON STA MAIL POWER or 6@@@C FronlViewof thePK-96 POWER + 1 3 VDC v @ COMPUTER (RS-232) (a 9600 1200 TX TX LEVEL LEVEL & Y - &, w RADIO o,iJo1C\ lss,SJ* g RESET so@B X ReorViewof the PK-96 XMT lights up when the PK-96 keys your transmitter'sPTT (Push-To-Thlk)line. DCD, or Data Carrier Detect,lights up when the PK-96 hearssomething,be it noise or a signal. CON, or CONnected,glows when you're "connected"to someonein packet.
2. PowerSupplyand Gomputer Installation Overview In this chapter,you'll power up the PK-96 and connectit to the RS-232 serialport of your computer.After the connectionshavebeenmade,you'll do a quick checkof the PK-96's intemal firmware and internalmodem by perfbrming the all-important "loop-back" test. When you've completed this chapter,you'll be ready to connectthe PK-96 to your transceiverand begin using it on the air.
Re-lnitialization If thePK-96hasbeenpreviouslyinitialized,it's readyto communicate with a computerat a baudrateof you're we suggestyou re-initializethe 1200, 2400,4800 If new to TNC operation, 300, or 9600bits/sec. PK-96 now so you'll havean easiertime gettingit up andrunninglater.
If you're using a computerthat has a DB-9 connectorfor its serialpoft, you can purchasean adapterfrom Radio Shackthat will work with the suppliedcomputercable. Once you've testedthe cable to make sure it's pinned correctly,plug one end into your computer'sserial pofi and the other end to the RS-232 VO porr on the back of the PK-96. Then, proceed to the SystemStartup and Lctop-backTerl sectionin this chapter.
. Wire pin 2 of thePK-96to pin 3 of theRS-232computerconnector. . Wire pin 2 of thecomputer's RS-232connector to pin 3 of thePK-96. . Wire pin 7 to pin 7. OtherComputerswith Non-Standard SerialPorts with nonstandard Computers serialportsmustmeetthefollowingconditions: . The signallevelsmustbe compatiblewith RS-232C.The PK-96requiresthe voltagelevelsfrom the computerto be greaterthan+3 voltsin the"asserted"stateand0 voltsor lessin the"non-asserted" state. .
ler for thefirst time,disableall of yourTSRsto eliminateanypotentialstart-upproblems. An easyway to do this is to createa systemdisk on a "floppy" (in DOS,typeFoRMAT A: /s to createa systemdisk),starl-up yourcomputerfiom thatdisk,thenaccess programyou planto usewith yourPK-96. thecommunications To preventprogramsfrom automatically simplyhold downthe bootingin yourMacintoshor Powerbook, (SHIFT)keyon power-up untilyou seetheWel come to Maci ntosh , Extens'i ons Off mcssage.
InstallingPC PakRattLite Timewavehasincludeda TNC controlprogramcalledPC PakRanLite. This is a DOS,packet-onlyversionof our powerfulPC PakRattII. If you desiremorepowerfulsoftware, Timewavehasit in theform of' PC PakRarrII fbr DOS,PC PakRaftfbr Windows2.0. Ncnn: Youwill need500K offree hard diskspaceto load PC PakRanLite. 1. Inserltheinstallation diskintothefloppydriveon yourcomputer, A: or B:. 2. I1'youplacedthedisk in driveA:, type:A:INSTPPLT andthenpressENTER.
No,lo: If you're using anTimewaveprogranx,follow its manuaL'sinstntctionsforTNC start-up, then skip to Step 11 . 9. Pressthe PK-96's power switchto the ON position. 10. Type an asterisk(*). The PK-96 will automaticallytry to recognizeyour computer'sdata (baud)rate that's set in the communicationsprogram you're using-this is ref'erredto as the autobaudroutine.
mon erors madeduringthis procedureare:trying to connectto a call sign differentfrom the oneyou enteredafter MYCALL, not havingthe green-and-white wires shorted,or not settingthe 1200LEVEL to 507orotation. If you still haveproblemsandconsultingChapter7 - Troubleshooting doesn'thelp, leaveyour PK-96 on andcall Timewave'sTechnicalSupportdepartment.
3. RadioInstallation Overview This chapterdescribeshow to connectthe PK-96 to your radio receiveror transceiver. lf YouJustWantto Listen... If you'reonly interested in receivingand not transmittingsignals,the audioconnectionto the PK-96is simple-just plug oneendof thesuppliedaudiocablesinto theRX AUDIO jack in therearof thePK-96 jack of your radio. andtheotherendof thecableinto theexternalspeaker/earphone Ncnn: ThePK-96needsat least200*V,,,,fo, it to operatereliably. ToTransmitand Receive.. .
Receive Audio: carries the audio signals from your radio's internal or external speakerjack to the PK-96. However, the audio can usually be tapped fiom a particular pin in your transceiver'smike connector. Microphone Audio (AFSK): carries the transmit audio signal from the PK-96 to your transceiverfbr transmission. Ground: providesan electricalreturn-pathfbr the PK-96's DC (and RF) signals. PTT: when energized-like when you pressthe button on your mike-it mit.
oo 9o9 @ @ SQ @ o TX RX GND PK-96lo RodioCobleConneclions If you'll be using a packetchannelthat's sharedwith voice users,you shouldconnectthe black wire to the Squelchstatuspin of the connector-this will preventthe PK-96 from transmittingwhen there'sa received signal strong enough to open the squelch.If you connectthis pin, you may have to changethe settingof the SQUELCH command in the PK-96.
7. Connect the Shield (silver) wire to the mike's ground connection if your transceiverhas one. If it doesn't have a separatemike or ground connection,then connectit to the single ground along with the brown wire. (Seethe next step.) 8. Connect the brown wire to the main ground on the connector.This ground is the one used fbr thc PTT and receiveaudio. You should connectthe silver Shield/Drain wire to this sround onlv if there isn't a separatemike ground as describedin the previous step.
In the CALIBRATE modeonly,theletterKtogglesthetransmitterPTT line on andoff; the(SPACE) bartogglesthetonegenerator from Mark (thelowerpitchedtone)to Space(thehigherpitchedtone). NcnB; The PK-96 has a transmit watchdog timer circuit that unkeysyour tronsmitter automotically after stxty (60) seconds. 6. PressK to key thetransmitter. You shouldheara continuous tonein the monitor. 7. Tap the(SPACE)bar severaltimesuntil thehigherpitchedof thetwo tones(Space)is heard. 8. Ad.
able to the outsideworld. In particular,the TEKK: KS-900, Kantronics DYP. 2-2 and DVR 4- 10, and the YaesuFT-5100 are 9600 bps-connectable right out ofthe box. Fortunately,it's usually not difficult to locatethe connectionsneededfor 9600 bps operationin most modern FM transceivers.We'd like to thank Mike CLrrtis,WD6EHR, for compiling this list and for the 9600 bps connectioninfbrmation that follows.
OtherRadios capacitorthrougha 5KWresistorinto the Transmitaudiois injectedthrougha 5 to lOmF,non-polarized modulator. This is typicallya varactordiodein a transmitoscillatorstage. The schematicsymbolfor a varactordiodeis -1ft, which makesthemprettysimpleto find by tracingfbrwardin theradio'sschematic from themicrophone. led FMTransceivers Crystal-Control Norn: True FM multimode radios using varactor modulation in a crystal oscillator stage seem to work bestthey tend to have a slightly wider IF fllter (i.e.
"Mod" Notesfor SpecificRadios It's almost embarrassingto call some of these"mods"-you're only bringing out terminationsol'existing signals;bringing out theseconnectionsfrom your FM transceiveris a "nondestructive"modiflcation to your transceiver,except lbr the ALINCO DR-1200 and the ICOM IC-22A modifications-these radios will be dedicatedto 9600 bps data radios afier their modifications are perfbrmed. ALINCODR-110, DR-l 12, DR-l200 This mod usesthe microphonejack for both 9600 bps transmit and receive.
rcoM tc2sNEljl Receiveaudiomay be obtainedfrom IC1, pin 9, on theRF unit.Transmitaudiomay be injectedat R-45, at the endnot connected to trimpot R-100.Usea 33KWresistorin seriesto correctsignallevels. rcoMrc3200A/E Receiveaudiomay be obtainedat ICl pin 9 (mainboard)-this is a commonreceiverchip for both bands. Transmitaudiomaybe injectedat D3'scathode(VHF) andDl's cathode(UF{F). KENWOOD TM221,TM321A,TM421 Receiveaudio may be obtainedat ICl, pin 9 (IF board).
If the receivedeye pattern from a known good transmitteris jittery, try changing C155 (associatedwith Ql9) fiom .0lmF to somethinglike ,005mFto.00lmF.It also might be necessaryto changeCl25 from .0022mFto .001mFif the transmitwavefbrmis jittery. MOTOROLAMICOR(courtesyof Dan Meredith,NTMRP) The MICOR was modifredfor stand-aloneoperation(without a control head).
4. Install a .l mF capacitorbetweenpin 3 and pin 1 of the channelelement. 5. Locate pin I I on Jl-this is the plug on the front of the radio. Make your receive audio connection there. You shouldn't need to make any mods to the receiver.(If you don't have any real good test equipment,don't make any receivermods-it will work okay.) 6. Install a.lmF capacitorbetweenpins I and 3 on receiverchannelelement. NcnB: At Jirst, set your TNC's TXD ar9ument to 200m5.
Receive: DetectedFM direct from the receiver discriminator is available from the RX UNIT at the iunction of R91 and C83. Thesecomponentsare shown in the top, righrhand corner of the schematic. Proceedas follows: 1. Disconnectpower and all cablesfiom the FT136 for safety. 2. Remove the top cover only. 3. The RX unit is the vertical module on the left. 4. Locate R9l which is about 25mm from the top, and 50mrr from the rear of the radio; the resistoris "on-end" and near a couple of glassdiodes. 5.
PERSIST 128 , users;if it's a pretty cleanchannel,64 is nice; if it's busy,estimatethe average numberof usersand divide 128by this number.For example,for 4 users:12g 4 = , PERSIST32. SLOTTIME 20 MAXFrame If ttrechannelis great:7; average; 3; rough:1.
4. You'rein Command Overview We know you're chomping at the bit to get on-the-air,but before you do you should familiarize yourself with the PK-96's "operatingsystem,"a few importantcommands,and its list of availablecommands. Most of the commandshave a standard(defaulQvalue that provides good performancefor the average amateurradio station,but there'sno rule that saysyou must keep thesedefaults.
ChangingCommands As you skim through the list of commands,you'll notice that the first few charactersin the command are capitalizedand the rest aren't.The capitalizedlettersare a shorthandway of enteringa command and are the minimum number of charactersyou need to type in to use that command. For example, with the command DISPlay, you can enter DISP, DISPL, DISPLA and DISPLAY and all theseentrieswill work.
8BitconvONIOFF Default:OFF Host:88 Mode:packet OFF The high-orderbit is strippedin Converse Mode. ON The high-orderbit isn't strippedin ConverseMode. SBITCONVpermitstransmission of 8-bitdatain Converse mode.WhenSBITCONVis OFF,thehigh-or(bit derbit 7) of characters receivedfrom theterminalis setto 0 (zero)beforethecharacters aretransmitted. ACKpriorONIOFF Default:OFF Host:AN Mode: packet OFF This f'eatureis disabled. ON Priority acknowledgmentis enabled.
8 $oz t) 3l 20 t5 Very busy channel 16 $0F Extremely busy channel 64 $3F 3 Timewaveproductscalculatethe TAPR ACKTIME valuebasedon the settingof HBAUD. The TApR DEADTIMEcommand is simirarro Timewave's sLorrME command. ACRDispn Def ault : 0 Mode; packet Host:AA 0 to 255 specifiesthe screenwidth, in columnsor characters. 0 Disablesthisfunction. The numericalvalue"n" setstheterminaloutputformatfor yourneeds.
Exception:whenECHO is ON andthe computersendsa filteredcharacter, thePK-96 will echoit backto your terminalor computer. status.Leave AFILTER works regardless of mode,or CONNECT/CONVERSE/TRANSPARENT AFILTEROFFduringbinaryfile transfers. ALFDispO^XOFF Mode:packet ON A line feedis sentto theterminalaftereach(RETURN). OFF A line feedlr,?'/sentto theterminalaftereach(RETURN). Default:ON Host:AI ALFDISP controlsthedisplayof (RETURN)characters received, aswell astheechoingof thosethatare typedin. if needed.
for your transceiver. Subtracting10from 20 yields10,whichis therecommended settingfor AUDELAY.If a settingof AUDELAY /0 is too short,thensetbothTXDELAYandAUDELAYhigher. AUTOBaUdONOFF Mode:Command OFF Autobaudroutineactiveat power-uponly if batteryjumperis removed. ON Autobaudroutinealwayspresentat power-upor RESTART. Default:OFF Host: AB With AUTOB AUD OFF, the PK-96perfbrmstheautobaudfunctiononly whenpowering-upor aftera RESET.
AXDELAY specifiestheperiodof time thePK-96 will wait-in additionto the delaysetby TXDELAYafterkeyingthe transmitterandbeforedatais sent.Packetgroupsusinga standardvoicerepeaterto extend the rangeof the local areanetworkmay needto usethis feature. Repeaters with slowelectromechanical relays,auxiliarylinks,or othercircuitswhich delaytransmission after the RF carrieris presentrequiremoretime to get RF on the air.
Zero tums off the beacon(default). 0 The BEACON command setsthe conditionsunder which your beaconwill be sent.A beaconframe contains the text that you've typed into the BTEXT messageslot in a packetaddressedto the UNPROTO address.When the argumentEVERY is specified,a beaconpacketis sentevery "n" x lO seconds.When AFIEr9is specified,a beaconis sent after (n x l0) secondshave passedwithout any packet activity being heard.
Thereareno internaladjustments to be madeinsidethePK-96 whenusingCALIBRATE^ Whenin CALIBRATE mode,all packetconnections will be lost and the time-of-dayclock will not advanceuntil you exit themode.Commands available in theCALIBRATEroutineare: K TogglesthePK-96'sPTT circuiton andoff. a routine. Quitsthecalibration SPACE Togglestheaudiotonebetween"mark"(low or 1.2kHz) and"space"(highor 2.2KHz) tones.
CASedispn Mode:packet Default: 0 (as is) Host: CX 0 to 2 specifies how yourPK-96sendscharacters to yourterminal. yourPK-96sendsto yourterminal;it offersthree CASEDISPallowsyou to setthecaseof thecharacters possible modes: CASEDISP0'As is" -characters'case isn'tchanged. CASEDISP 7"lower"-all characters aredisplayed in lowercase only. CASEDISP 2"UPPER"-all characters aredisplayed in uppercase only. CASEDISP hasno effecton transmitted datafiorrryourPK-96.
WithCHCALLOFF,themonitored activitylookslikethis: :OHi, ni ch-howyadoi n' ? Thingscould be better-the high windsturnedmy 10M verticalinto a sloper! .
CHSwitchrz Mode:packet Default:$00 Host:CH CHSWITCH (CHannelSWITCHing) selectsthe characterusedby both you and the PK-96 to show that a new connectionchannelis being addressed. DO NOT USE $30 to $39 (0 to 9). If you plan to engagein multiple packetconnections,you must selecta CHSWITCH character.This characterwill be interpretedby the PK-96 to indicatethat you want to selectanotherpacketchanne.. The vertical bar "1" ($7C) is a seldom usedpunctuationmark and makes a good switching character.
sage.One ideais to put an invitationfbr the connectingstationto leavea message in your MailDropif not available in vou're vourCTEXT messase. CODen Default: 0 (Intemational) Mode: packet Host ; Cl 0 to 6 specifiesa code fiom the list below.(RX = Receive;TX = Transmit) CODE 6 PACKET European RX CODE 6: European CODE 6 avoidsthe use of squarebrackets($5B, $5D) in monitoredpacketheadersand MailDrop prompts,usingparentheses instead.
You can type CONNECT at any time to check the PK-96's connectstatus.If you're in the processof trying to connectto anotherstation,you'll seethe message: Link state is: coNNE c T in p ro g re s s If the other station doesn't ack your connect requestafter the number of tries set with RETRY, the connect attemptis canceled.
CPactimeONOFF Default:OFF Host:CI Mode:packet OFF Packettransmittimer isn't usedin theConversemode. ON Packettransmittimer is usedin theConversemode. periodicpackettransmission CPACTIMEactivates automatic, in theConverse mode. With CPACTIME ON, characters are"packetized"andtransmittedperiodicallyasif in Transparent mode. Localkeyboardeditinganddisplayfeatures of theConverse modeareavailable. Seethe PACTIMEcommandfor a discussion of how periodicpacketizing works.
Default: $04'15 CUstom n Mode: packet Host; Cu 0 to $FFFF (0 to 65,535 decimal) specifiesa four-digit hexadecimalvalue, where each bit controls a different function describedbelow. CUSTOM was originally introducedto allow specializedfeaturesfor custom applicationsto be addedto the PK-96 without burdeningyou with extra commands.Since the CUSTOM command is quickly filling up, UBIT has been addedto replaceCUSTOM to allow for additionalfeatures.
DAYStampONOFF Default:OFF Host:DS Mode: packet OFF Only thetimeis includedin CONSTAMPandMSTAMP. ON Thedateis includedin CONSTAMPandMSTAMP. DAYSTAMPactivates the datein CONSTAMPand MSTAMP.Set DAYSTAMPON whenyou wanta datedrecordof packetchannelactivitv. DAytimedateand time Def-ault:none Mode: packet dcrteand time Host : DA Current date and time used to set the PK-96's internal clock. DAYTIMEis usedin manymodesandshouldbe setwhenthePK-96is initiallypoweredup.
DELeteONOFF Default:OFF Host:DL Mode: packet OFF The (BACKSPACE) ($08) key is usedfbr editing your typing. ON The (DELETE) ($7F) key is usedfor editing your typing. Use the DELETE command to selectthe key to use for "backing up" and deleting text. Refer to BKONDEL to seehow the PK-96 indicatesdeletion. DFromALL, NONE,YES/NOcall1,call2... Mode:packet call Default:All Host:DF ALL, NONE, YES list, NO list.(list = up to eight call signs,separated by commasand no spaces.
DlSPlayc/ass Mode:Command class Immediate Command Flost:Not Supported Lists commandsandtheir cunentsettings,dependingwhich argumentyou enterfor c/ass.When DISPLAYis typedwithouta parameter, paramthePK-96respondswith a shortlist of often-used eters. Oneof themostimportantcommands is DISP-it generates a list of commands andtheirsaved(current) arguments or values.To seea brieflist,enterDISP.
LAstmsg0 MAildrop oFF I 4 D M ON OF F MDPromptSubject:/Enter message, (crnl-z) or /ex to end M M s gO F F MTExt t,'telcome to my AEA PK-96 waild ro p . T y p e H fo r h e 1 p .
CPactimeOFF Dwait 16 (160 ms) FRrck 0 (00 ms) FRack 5 (5 sec.) pncrime AFTER10 (1000 ms) pErsi st 63 ppersist oN Resptime0 (000 ms) slottime 30 (300 ms) rxdelay 30 (300 ms) cmo: cnd:D IS P Z t-i sts al I the above commandsi n al phabeti cal order DWaitn Mode:packet Default:l6 (160mS) Host:DW UnlessthePK-96is waitingto transmitdigipeated packets, DWAITforcesyourPK-96to pauseDWAITx l0 mS after lasthearingdataon the channelbeforekeyingyour transmitter.
EXPERT controls your accessto the PK-96's command set. Becausesome new PK-96 owners understandablyfind the large number of availablecommandsconfusing or daunting, this command limits rhe newcomer'saccessto the commandsthat are the simplestor the most often used.Generally,about half of the total number of commandsare availableto you after a RESET (EXPERT OFD.
CText C U s to m H Id Houebbs u rd Mynl i as t\4YcalI M YGa te M Yrd e n t Novice R e tai n Novi ce Reta'i n Novi ce Novi ce Novi ce Novi ce c md : D ISP L AY L ncRpack R L rp a c k Ax?5f2v2 C F ro m a e ta i n COt,ttr,tode c o N Pe rm n e ta i n D Fro m R e ta r'n F U i1d u p G u s e rs Novi ce xgaud Novi ce MAXframe ruovice N E w mo d e NOmode PA C L e n Novi ce PASSAII R Ad io Novi ce Reli nk R E try Novi ce seuel ch TR Ie s Novi ce u s e rs Novi ce VHF Novi ce x M rro k Novice R e t ai n R e t ai n
. The packet length ****(PACLEN;**** . The currentpacketor commandline is cancelled . The REDISPLAY characteris typed. . The packet channel is changed. is exceeded. Setting FLOW ON preventsreceiveddata from interfering with your keyboard data entry. With FLOW OFF, datais sent to the terminal wheneverit's available. Default:5 (5 sec.) Host:FR FRackn Mode:packet I to 15, specifyingtimeout in I secondintervals.
With UBIT 1B ON, a master/slave relationship is established in packetradioconnections. This is doneto reducethe possibilityof simultaneous transmissions by both sidesof a packetconnection. In this mode, themasterstationsendseitheran l-frameor a pollingframeupontheexpirationof FRICK (or FRACK if FRICK = 0). The FRICK or FRACK timerthenstaftscountingagain.The masterstationtherefbresends packetsconstantly, evenif all its I-frameshavebeenacknowledged.
GLOCtxn Default:0(00 sec.) Mode: GPS "n" - 0 to 255 setsthe locationtiming in ten-secondincrements. "0" - Z.erodisablesautomaticlocationtransmissions. GLOCtx is used to periodically transmit GPS data receivedon the serial port. GLOCtx is programmablc fiom 0 (never)to 255 secondsin 10 secondintervals.A transmissionwill only occur if, GPSMode = I or 2, GLOCtx is not zero,and the correctNMEA informationis receivedon the serial por1.
4. Apply powerto theGPSreceiver(NOTTHE PK-96YET). 5. Be surethat the GPSreceiveris outputtingits NMEA databeforepoweringup thePK-96. 6. Powerup the PK-96andwithin four seconds, you shouldnoticethe PK-96 transmitLED lightingto transmitits location. GPSMode'h" Default:0 (Disabled) This is a variablerangingfrom 0-3 that selectsa specificmodeof operationspecihcto GPS.ThreeCTRLC's returnsunit to GPSMode0. Mode 0 = NormalPacketTNC operation.(GPSoperationdisabled.
Default:OFF GREMprogONIOFF ON - Remoteprogramming is enabledin GPSmode. OFF - Remoteprogramming is disabled in GPSmode. While operatingin oneof theGPSmodes,thefollowingcommands canbe programmed: l. GLOCtx 2. GNMEAI 3. GNMEA2 4. GINIText 5. GSYMchar 6. Unproto callsignsetto To remotelyprogramthePK-96,theprogramming stationmusthaveits Unprotodestination matchtheGPOLLcallof thePK-96. Example: Let's sayyou havea PK-96in your car as a standalonetrackerwith its GPOLLcallsetto CAR.
KG6ZL*>RELAY>APRS[IlI] : {SYMChar}This is a sampleUI frame... GUNSTaTIONIOFF Mode:GPS Default:OFF ON - The PK-96startsin CONVERSEmodeaftera restartor power-up. OFF - ThePK-96will power-upin Commandmode. This commandallowsthePK-96to power-upin theConverse modeif turnedon. GUSERS n Default: 0 Mode: packet Host : G U 0 to 3 specifies themaximumnumberof usersallowedto useyour node. GUSERS allowsup to n numberof stationsto connectto your MYGATEcall.
SetH lD ON to forceyour PK-96to sendan ID packetevery9.5 minuteswhenit's usedasa digipeater. Otherwise,leaveHID OFF (default).The ID consistsof a Ul-fiame with your stationidentiflcation (MYCALL)andMYALIASin thedatafield.It is addressed to "ID." Pleasenotethatyou can'tchangethe9.5-minute automatic intervaltiming. HOMebbs cal/ Mode:MailDrop call Detault:None Host:HM Call sign of your Home BBS with which you haverrade prior arrangementsto auto-lbrwardnrail.
td Mode: packet ImmediateCommand Host:lD packet.The lD commandallowsyou to lD is an immediatecommandthat sendsa specialidentification packetwhenyou takeyour stationoff-the-air.(HlD mustalsobe set OM. The senda final identification identificationconsistsof a Ul-frame,with its data field containingyour MYALIAS (if it's entered), anytransMYCALL,andtheword "digipeater". The lD packetis sentonly if your PK-96hasdigipeated identification.
The KISS modemustbe enteredto preparethePK-96for KISS operation.TCP/IPandotherspecialappliFor normalAX.25packetoperation, this cationshavebeenwrittenthatrequirethe KISS modebe enabled. commandshouldbe left at 0 or OFF(default). This The KISS command, formerlyONOFF, hasnowbeenexpanded to a numericalvaluefrom $00-$FF. expansionsupportsG8BPQ'smulti-dropKISS protocol.The tablebelowdescribes availableKISS options.
The number,0-999,is thenumberassigned to thelastmessage sentby a remoteuser(or the SYSOP)to the MailDrop. This commandis handy for checkingthe last messagesent to your MailDrop system. LASTMSG alsoallowstheMailDropmessage counterto be setto any value,or simplyresetLhecounter' to zeroby enteringLASTMSG 0. MailDrop ONOFF Mode:packet OFF Tumsoff theMailDrop. ON packetstation,BBS or MailDrop.
MBX lets you read or record useful or neededdata without having to connect or log on to the source station(s).MBX fllters the receivedpacket data so that only packetsfrom the selectedstation(s)entered above are shown, without headersor repeatedfiames. MBX overridesnormal monitor functions and can show one or both sidesof a conversation. The operationof MBX commandis as fbllows: MBX NONE All monitoredframesare shown with their headers. MBX ALL Only the data flelds in the I-frames and UI fiames are shown.
MDCheck Mode:MailDrop Immediate Command Host:M1 MDCHECK allowsyou to log on to yourown MailDrop.After loggingon, you canEDIT, LIST, READ, SEND,or KILL MailDrop messages. To useMDCHECK,yourPK-96mustnot be connected to or linkedto anypacket,AMTOR, or PACTOR Enter "B' local accessof the MailDrop is considered a connection. stations.For monitoringpurposes, (B)yeto exit theMailDrop. MDigiOA/IOFF Mode:packet Default:OFF Host:MD OFF Normalmonitoring asdetermined by themonitoring modecommands.
MEmory n Mode:packet Defaulr:NONE Host:MM A hexadecimal valueusedto accessthe PK-96'smemorylocations,or readvaluesstoredat a specifiedADDRESS. MEMORY workswith ADDRESS (ADDRESS $aabb) andpermirsaccessto memorylocarions. Use the MEMORY commandwithoutarguments to reaelamemory,and with one ulrgument ($0 to $FF) to writeto a memorylocation.Thevaluein ADDRESSis increased afterusingtheMEMORY command.
DAYSTAMP ON DAYSTAMP OFF 05-Nov-932l:42:27KG6ZL 21:42:27KG6ZL 05-Nov-9321:42:24KB6IUX* 2l:42:24KB6IUX* Previously, stationshearddirectlyweredisplayed with an asterisk(WlAWx) anddigipeated stationswere shownwithout(WZSZ).Digipeatingisn't usedasmuchasit usedto be-most stationsnow usenodes,so we've stoppedusingthe asterisk.
2 Numbered (I) frames are also displayed. Use this to monitor connectedconversationsin progress. 3 Connect request(SABM or "C") frames and disconnect(DISC or "D") frames are also displayed with the headers. 4 Unnumberedacknowledgment(UA) of connect-and disconnect-state fiames are also displayedwith either the characters"UA" or "DM" and a header. 5 Receive Ready (RR), Receive Not Ready (RNR), Reject (RI), Frame Reject (FRMR), and (I) Frames are also displayed.
22:51:33KB6IUX-4*>KA2EYWI >AI2Q: MTExI text Mode:MailDrop Default:Seesample Host:Mt (Spacescountascharacters.) Any printablemessage up to a maximumof 120characters. text MTEXT is the MailDrop's"answeringmachinemessage," similarto CTEXT. With MMSG OM the MTEXT message is sentwhena stationlinks to your MailDrop.The defaulttext is: welcome to my AE A PK-96 MailDrop. Type H for he1p. MTEXT canbe resetwith aVo,&, M Nq NONEoTOFF asarguments. MToALLINONE or YESINOcalll[,ca112...
to eitherMYCALL or throughyour station.If MYMAIL isn't set,theMailDropalsoacceptsconnections MYALIAS. Outgoingconnectattempts andUnprotofiamesuseonly MYCALL asthe sourcecall sign. MYcall call[-n] Mode:packet call Default:PK232 Host:ML Yourcall sign. ID (SSID) 0-15,an optionalSubstation Use the MYCALL command to load your call sign into your PK-96-its default call sign is presentin the ROM when the system is manufactured.This artihcial call must be changed before operation.
NOmodeONOFF Mode:packet OFF ON Default:OFF Host:NO ThePK-96changes modesaccording to NEWMODE. The PK-96switchesmodesonlv uoonexolicitcommand. With NOMODE OFF, your PK-96 switchesmodesautomaticallyaccordingto NEWMODE. With NOMODE ON, your PK-96neverswitchesfrom Converse modeto Commandmode(or or Transparent vice versa)by itself.Only specificcommands-CoNvERSE, TRANS, or (CTRL-C)---€ntered by you will changetheoperatingmode.
PACTime EVERYIAFTERn Mode:packet 'cn" Default:AFTER l0 (1000mS) Flost:PT 0 to 250 specifies100mS increments. EVERY packettime-outoccursevery"rz"x 100mS. AFTER packettime-outoccurswhen"n" x 100mS passes withoutinputfrom thecomputer. thatthe PK-96will wait for a The PACTIMEparameter setstheamolrntof time,in 100mS increments, is also mode.The PACTIMEparameter to be enteredbeforesendinga packetin theTransparent character usedin Converse modeif CPACTIMEis ON. you typeare"packetized" everyn x 100mS.
yet again,and anotherempty packetwould havebeensent.This happensbecausepressing(RETURN) norrnallyforcesa packetto be sent.However,by insertinga (CTRL-V) beforea (RETURN),you disable the functionof (RETURN)in theCommandmodeandallow it to be usedin your outgoingtext to act asa "real" (RETURN).So,the PASScharacter"hides"the nextcharacter'sfunction. PASSAII ONOFF Mode:packet OFF YourPK-96 will acceptpacketswith valid CRCsorzly. ON YourPK-96will acceptpacketswith validor invalidCRCs.
PPERSISTcanbe usedin bothKISS andnormaloperation. PRConONOFF Mode: packet OFF There is no parallelprinter connected,or it is not currently in use. ON A parallel printer is connectedto the PK-96 using a specialcable. Default:OFF Host:PC PRCON tells the PK-96 whether or not a parallel printer is connectedto it using an optional "Y" cable availablefrom AEA. With PRCON ON, the mode and statusLED's are disabled;some lights may remain lit and others may flash randomly.
RE INIT Mode:packet ImmediateCommand Host:RI This is an immediatecommandthat you can useto get out of troublecausedby settinga lot of commands----especially timingparameters-tostrangevalues.REINITcanbe thoughtof asbeinghalfwaybetweenRESTARTandRESET. REINITre-initializes mostof thecommands to theirdefaultsetting,then doesa RESTART,but thecontentsof theMailDropand the NAVTEX message historybuffersarepre- served.
REtry n Default: 10 Mode: packet Host: RY 0 to 15 specifiesthe maximum number of packet retries before the PK-96 "gives up" sending that packet. The AX.25 protocol usesthe retransmissionof frames that haven'gbeen acknowledgedas a meansto ensure that a// transmittedframes are received.The number of retries that the PK-96 will attempt is set by this command.If the number of retriesis exceeded,the packetlink mal be lost.
Usethe START commandto choosethecharacteryou wantto useto restartoutputfrom thePK-96to your computerafterit hasbeenhaltedby enteringthe STOP character. SeeXFLOW. Default:$13(CTRL-S) Host:SO STOpn Mode: packet 0 to $7F (0 to 127decimal)specifiesanASCII charactercode. you'll useto stopoutputfrom your PK-96to your comUsethe STOP commandto selectthecharacter puter. SeetheXFLOW command. Default:1200bauds Host:TB TBaudn Mode: packet thedatarateyourcomputerusesto talk to thePK-96.
umn decodesthe high-order sevenbits of each byte as an ASCII charactercode. The ASCII column decodesthe low-order sevenbits of eachbyte as an ASCII charactercode. Trans ImmediateCommand Mode: packet Host: Not Supported TRANS switchesthe PK-96 from the Commandmode to Transparentmode; the current stateof the radio link isn't afl'ected.
and amplifierscan requirea ten usesmallervaluesas well.) On the otherhand,tube-typetransceivers longertime to switchandmay requireTXDELAYto be increased. Experimentwith the valueto determine the shortestsettingyou canusereliablyin packet. BaudotandASCII useTXDELAY to setthe time spanbetweenPTT ON andthe startof transmitteddata. TXFlowONOFF Mode: packet OFF Softwareflow controlfbr thePK-96is disabledin Transparent mode. ON Softwareflow controlfor thePK-96is enabledin Transparent mode.
UBIT 4:. Not used. OFF. The PK-96 willalways power up in Command mode. UBIT 5 OM The PK-96 will remain in the last mode (Converse,Command or Transparent)provided the batteryiumper is enabled. OFF: ln packet,monitoring is disabledwhen in the Transparentmode. UBfT A mode.MFROM, MTO, MRPT, MONION: Packetmonitoringis activein the Transparent TOR, MCON, MPROTO, MSTAMP, MXMIT, CONSTAMP and MBX areall active. UBIT 7-12 Not used. UBIT 73 OFF.
UPlink calll UsetheUplink commandto initiatea DAMA connection. Referto thePacketchapterfor an explanationof DAMA. After a connection your stationwill be a slaveand will not sendany information is established, packetsuntil it is polledby theMaster. You cantypeUPlink (withoutanyparameters) at anytime to checkthePK-96'sconnectstatus.
MFROM/MTO: The frame was blocked by the MFROM or MTO command. MBX: The call sign of the sendingstation doesn't match the call sign setting in the MBX command. MBX Sequence: The frame was receivedout of sequence,probably a retry. Frame too long: Incoming packet frame longer than 330 bytes. Probably a non-AX.25 fiame. Frame too short: Incoming packetframe shorterthan l5 bytes.(Only seenif PASSALI- is ONprobably noise.
PK-96CommandList COMMAND 3Rdpafty SBitconv ACKprior ACRDisp ACRPack AFilter ALFDisp ALFPack AUdelay AUTOBaud AWlen Ax25l2v2 AXDelay AXHang BBSmsgs Beacon BKondel BText CALibrat CANline CANPac CASedisp CBell CFrom CHCall CHDouble CHeck CHSwitch CMdtime CMSg CODe COMmand CONMode Connect CONOK CONPerm CONStamp CONVerse CPactime CStatus CText CUstom DAYStamp DAytime DCdconn DELete DFrom DIGIPEAT Disconne DlSPlay DEFAULT OFF OFF OFF 0 ON OFF ON OFF 2 (20 mS) OFF 7 ON 0 (zero) 0 (zero) OFF EVERY O ON FUNCTION E
Sets the delayfor digipeatedpackets. Echostyped keyboardcharacters. SendsESC character$1B to displayas $24. Selectswhetheror not seldom-used commandsare displayed. Stopsdisplaying receiveddatawhiletyping. Sets time (Xl sec) to wait lor packet ack. Displaysavailablememoryfor MailDrop. 0 Sets timer for packetmeteorscattermode. packetoperation. Enablesf ull-duplex OFF Requiresthe stringto end witha CR,LFto conformto the NMEAformat. $0D None Sendstext to the serialporl when the PK-96is poweredup.
MTo MXmit MYAlias MYCall MYGate MYMail NEwmode NOmode NUCr NULf NULLs Opmode PACLen PACTime PARity PASs PASSAII PErsist PK PPersist RAWhdlc FlEDispla REINIT RELink RESET RESptime RESTART REtry SENDPAC SLottime SQuelch STArt STOp TBaud TClear Tlme TRACe Trans TRFlow TRles TXDelay TXFlow UBit UCmd Unproto Uplink USers vhf WHYnot XFlow XMITOK xoff XON ZFree ZStatus Empty;entercalls Monitorspacketsto otherstationcall signs" packetframes" OFF Monitors transmitted None Setsthealternate MYCALLfor digipeating.
5. PacketOperation Overview In thebrieftime thatpacketradiohasbeenaround,it hasgrownto becomethe mostpopulardigitalmode found on the amateurbandstoday. The PacketModes In packet,thereare four modesavailableto you: Command,Converse,KISS, and Transparent. Command mode is the launchpoint from where you'll jump into packet.It's here you enter commandsto customizethe PK-96 to your needsand it's fiom hereyou will enterthe command to "connect" (chat) with solreone in the Conversemode or monitor passingtraffic.
N T A L WJ ' > W A T C C T : H i B o b , h o w a re you thi s eveni ng? K 6 R F K > N 7 A L W' ' > N 7 GMF: c o o d n ' i g h t :o h n , i t has been n' i ce tal ki ng to you. K 6 R F GN T AL W * > N 7 G MFIO] (U A ) N T GMF > N 7 AL W " > K6R FK KD T N MJ .> M AIL : t\4 a i l fo r: K6 R F K N TML W o6P WN T AN K-8 J ' > ID : N E r/R o M 1 _ .3 (S e a ) SE AJ ' > N 7 M L : SE A:N 7 H W D -B>C O N N E C IC dtO #S E A :N 7H W D -7 NcnB: You might hear data (packets) which don't print on your screen.
This packet originated from K6RFK and is intended N7GMF, but for one reason or another, it's being digipeatedthrough N7ALW. Notice the asterisk(*) in the first line-it tells you which station was actually heard by NTGMF when it received the packet. In this case,we can see that we actually heard radio station N7ALW. Without the asterisk,you couldn't tell whether the transmissioncame from radio station K6RFK or N7ALW. More will be discussedabout digipeating later, but the above example is typical.
cmd: MHeard .. wo6P K B6 IU X-1 SEAJ' N T H W D -8 J' KDTNMJ' KG6ZL" WFTA-9J' cmd: cmd:MHeard(with DAYSTAMPOM 21-tlov-93 1-3:40:35 Wo6P 21--Nov-93 1-3:40:25 KB6rux-1 21--Nov-9313 40:01 s E A * 21-Nov-931-339: 51 NT HWD-8 t ' 21-Nov-93l-3 39:.44 KDTNMJ. 21-Nov-93l-3 39: 20 r(G62L'. 21-ruov-931-339:L2 WFTA-9" cmd: The call signsin the list arethe stationsheardby your PK-96with the mostrecentlyheardstationat the (*) indicatethatthestationwashearddirectlyby thePKtop of thelist.
What'shappeninghere?It's all partof packet'serror-checking Whenyou pressed(RETURN),the scheme. XMT light cameon because the PK-96waskeyingup your transmitterand sendingyour packetto the otherstation.Oncethe packethasbeensent,the XMT light goesout and your transmitterunkeys.The (acked) STA light stayson becausethe PK-96 is waitingfor the packetyou just sentto be acknowledged by thereceivingstation.
thenyour message will neverbe seen.So if theotheroperatordoesn'tanswerafterwaitinga reasonable amountof time,try to connectto theirmailbox. Notification(CBELL) ConnecVDisconnect If you're in the ham shackbut busy doing other things-or while you're connectedto a station-yoLl may want to be alerted when someoneelse connectsto you. Turning CBELL ON will make your compllter beepthreetimes when anotherstationconnectsor disconnectsfiom you.
If you seethis, you havejust connectedto your first packetstation!Sinceyou initiatedthe contact,you speakfirst. As you type,you may noticethat the XMIT light on the PK-96's front panelcomeson. This meansyou'vetypedin a PACLEN'sworthof textandthePK-96is sendingit;just keepon typinguntil you'vefrnishedwith your message.
housefor signals like your brain, packet signalsare routed along nodesthat would retransmita message until it reachesits destination(this, however,doesn'tmean you don't need a brain to use packet.). In practice, you'd never connect directly to a backbonestation,backbone stationstypically operating in the 220 MHz and 440 MHz bands(in the U.S.) and are usedstrictly as retransmittersof packets,not originators in the usual sense.
de ru7ul-7 (B,c,D,J,L,N,s,?) > The first line is theuser'sconnectrequestto your TNC. The secondline is theconnectmessage from the user'sTNC. The third line is the greeting,andthe fourth is the commandprompt from the Gareway.The usersendsa questionmark,?,to obtainthefollowinghelpmenu: e (ye) log off gateway C(onnect) n Connect t o s t a t io n ' n ' C n STAY Stay connected to gatewaywhen , n, d.
Once the connectionis establishedwith the destinationstation,the Gatewaynotifies the user that the connection has been made and then goes from the Command mode into l"he Conversemode.Now, whateverthe user sendsgoes to the destinationstationas daterinsteadof to the Gateway as a command. Normally, when someonedisconnectsliom your Gateway,no link will remain. However, if a user adds the word STAY as the last argumentin a Connect request,(e.g..
simply enter the digipeaterrouting path in your connectrequest.Here's a sketch that shows how digipeating cansolvea simpleproblem: KB6ruX I WO6P KG6ZL You'restationWO6P and you wantto havea packetQSO with KG6ZL, but there'sa "cumulo-granite cloud"(mountain)betweenyou thatcompletelyblocksyourradiopath.However,you know thatthere'sa packetstation,KB6ruX, thatis accessibleto bothyou andKG6ZL locatedon the mountaintop. To digipeatthrough( y/A) KB6IUX, enter: cmd: CKG6ZLVKBOIUX Whatnow?Pickup the . . .
MultipleConnection Operation Becausepacket radio supports multiple QSOs on the same frequency, you can converse with more than one station at a given time. The PK-96 offers ten channels,(0-9), each of which can support a conversation. This capability is a powerful feature of your PK-96, and a mentally challenging one when you have more than a couple of QSOs going on at once! Multiple connectoperationis like a lO-line telephonewith automatic "hold.
Whenyou changechannels,thechannelyou changedto will havethepacketheaderinformationof the station thatjust connected to you.Remember thatthetextyou'll now typewill only be sentout to thestation connected to thechannelyour PK-96is cunentlyon.If, while talkingon Channel1, the stationstill connectedto you on Channel0 sendsdatato you,it will be heldin thePK-96'smemoryuntil you returnto Channel0, whereuponthe datawill scrollup on your screen.
Norrn: Don't operate the unit with multiple packet connections while FRICK is active (1-250). In contra.tt to FRACK which provides one retry timer per multi-connect channel, there is only one FRICK timer in the PK-96. Each logical channel will try to use the same FRICK timer, causing interference with the other channels. Digipeatersshouldn'tbe usedwhen in the meteorscattermode.The FRICK timer (unlike FRACK) doesn'tallowanyextratime whendigipeater stationsarespecified.
MFILTER Someterminalsand computerprogramsare sensitiveto certaincharactersthat may appearin monitored packets. You'11know this is happening if thecursoron your screenoccasionally movesto strangeplaces andcausesthe receivedcopy to be garbled. ThePK-96defaultfor MFILTERis .S80whichpreventsmostcontrolcharacters from interf'eringwith your display. MonitorWithoutGallSign Headers Sometimesyou may wantto monitorcertainstationswithouthavingto look at thepacketcall signheaders.
5) StartreducingTXDELAY by unitsof 5 eachtime,makingsurethe otherstationis still digipeating all of your UNPROTOpackets. Eventuallyyou'll hnd a valuewheretheotherstationcanno longercopyyour packetsaccurately enough to digipeatthem.Whenthis happens, increase TXDELAYin unitsof one or two until the otherstation digipeatsall of yourpacketsagain.This will be theoptimumsettingof TXDELAYfor thatparticularradio.
be sent.You canget aroundthis problemusingthe PASS (CTRL-V) character. You canincludeany characterin a packet(includingall specialcharacters) prefixing by thatcharacterwith the PASS character. For example,if you'rein Converse mode,you cantype; I wasn't at the meeting.
ReducingErrorsthroughCollisionAvoidance Since packet operatesover the radio, there are usually many stations operating on the same frequency that can't hear each other.The digipeatersand network nodesallow thesestationsto communicatewith each other,which can increasethe chancesof collisions. The first attemptto avoid collisions was through the use of the DWAIT and RESPTIME timers. DWAIT forced the TNC to delay the transmissionof any packetexceptfor digipeatedframesby the time selecLcd.
TransparentMode Transparentmodeallowsany S-bit binary characterto be sentby your packetstation.Usually,you must usetheTransparent modeto transferbinaryandexecutable files to andfrom otherstations. You caneitherentertheTransparent modeby typingTRANS at thecommandpromptafteryou connect.or by settingCONMODE to fRdVS. Eitherway,onceyou enterthetransparent mode,anycharacteryou type will be sentautomatically afterthe PACTIMEsetting.This way any character canbe sentby thePK-96.
6. MailDropOperation Overview ThePK-96'sMailDropactslike a smallpostoflice-it usesa subser of rhewell-knownW0RLI/WATMBL packetBBS commands to sendandreceivemessages manuallyor automatically. Not only canyou originateandreceivemessages, but with 3RDPARTY ON, you canacceptand relaymessages left Ibr others. The MailDrop alsosupportsforwardingandreverse-forwarding of packetmessages if properlycoordinated with a localor "full service"BBS.This meansthatyour stationcanreceivemessages fiom thatBBS.
By the way,you havefull controlof your PK-96while your MailDrop is on.You canconnectto, andchat with,otherstations whilesomeone is usingyourMailDrop,providedtheuserhasconnected to thecall yor"r entered in MYMAIL. It's a goodideato entera CTEXT message thatsaysthatif you don'[ answertheusershouldreconnect to yourMailDropthroughyour MYMAILcall sign.An examplewouldbe: cmd: CTEXT Hi! Ih not availableright now, so please reconnect to WFTA-| to leave a message in my MailDrop. '73...Rich.
MailDropPromptsand Operation MTEXT is theMailDropconnect-message promptsentto a userthat'sconnected to your MailDrop.The defaultmessage is: welcome to my aER pr-96 uailorop. Type H for he1p. You canchangeit to your liking. For example: cmd: MTEXT You've reached KG6ZL's mailbox. tf you need help, enter H. MTExt was Welcome to my AEA pr-96 l,tailorop. Type H for he1p. MTExt now you've reached rc6zt-'s mailbox. H.
A(bort) This is handyif theuserdecidesnot to continuereadinga long message or a list.The message, 'r'tt' Done, followedby theMailDroppromptwill be sentafteran ,A" has beenreceived. Althoughyou cur't usetheAbort command,you canuse(crRL-X) to do thesamething. B(ye) Logsyou-or thecallingstation-off theMailDrop.As theconsoleoperator, yor-r,llsee thestandard cmd: prompt;a callingstationwill be simplydisconnecred.
KM: t-(i st) Kill messages you have read L : L'ist message ti tl es L M: L is t me s s a g e st o y o u n(ead) s (end) R n: Re a dme s s a g en u mb e rn RM : Read messagesto you s : s e n d a me s s a g et o c o n s o le o p e ra t o r S n: S e n d a me s s a g et o s t a t io n n v(ers'ion) oi spl ay TNc f i rmware vers j on ? Same as H(elp) J(log) Anothercommandavailableonly to theuser,"J" will causeyour MailDrop to sendyour PK-96'sMHEARD list.
V(ersion) This user command causesthe PK-96 to send the sign-on messageand its firmware date. ? (H)elp Another user-only command, "?' sendsthe user the same list of MailDrop commands as the "F/'command does. SendingMail Fromthe GonsoleOperator To sendmail,you haveto log ontoyourMailDropby enteringMDC (MDCHECK).Whenyou do,yoLr'll seethefbllowins: cmd:MDC [aEa pr-96] I97L2 free (e,E,K,L,R,s) > EnterS (calt) of the stationyou wantto sendmail to.
For example,your MailDrop acceptsthe following additionalinformationin a Sendcommand: < WFTE S KG6ZL G KB6IUX.CA.USA.NA This meansyou're going to senda messageto KG6ZL at the KB6IUX BBS in California,USA, North America,andthatthe message is from WF7A. The BID The MailDrop alsosupportsBIDs (BulletinIDs); this supportis requiredfor reverse-forwarding.
He's readyour messageand now he wantsto (K)ill it. He types: > lare p r-9 6 1 1 6 5 0 8 fre e (n , B ,H ,J,K ,L,R ,s,v,?) K6 *.?'t DOn e . [nrn pr-96] 16580 free (A,B,H,J,K,L,R,s,v,?) > He'skilled themessage andwantsto senda replybackto KB6IUX (you).We'll continuefrom wherehe left off.
IAEA pK-96] 16509 free (a,B,H,J,K,L,R,s,v,?) > R6 Msg# Size @ BBS Date Time 6 wFTA To From pN1g4 wo6p KB6rux ritle 24-Nov-g4 20:15 cobblet Happythanksgiving, guyl Knowingthat -you're- cooking the big meal for your family tonight, should r rush a case ol eepto-eismol -over to you now? 73, ni ch. IAEA pK-96] 16509 free (n,B,H,J,K,L,R,s,v,?) > K6 '!'tr. Done. IA EA p K -9 6 ] 1 6 7 6 0 fre e (A ,B ,H ,J,K ,L,R ,S ,v,?) > s u b j e c t: H e y , w i s e g u y ... En te r m e s s a g e , ...
Settings for Auto-Forwarding For auto-forwarding to work: l. Enter your MYCALL (and MYMAIL call sign if you want to use a separatecall sign fbr your MailDrop.) 2. Make arrangementswith your local BBS operator to auto-forward mail to your MailDrop. Make sure you let him know the MailDrop's call sign. 3. Enterthecall signof theBBS in HOMEBBS. 4. Set MONITOR to O so the PK-96'sbufferwill recordonly messagesaddressedto-or through- it andwon't fill up with idle radiotraffic. 5.
7. GPSOperation Overview This chapterdescribes how to configureandconnectyourTNC for GPSoperation. Why do GPSin the PK-96? All TimewaveTNCs canrun with AutomaticPacketReportingSystem(APR5rv; software.The PK-96, however,hasspecialfirmwarewhichmakesStandAloneTrackingandUltimeterII@ compatibilitypossible.Timewavealsooffersan APRSAdapterCablefor the PK-96 which makesHardwareSinglcPort Mode (HSP)operationpossible. The PK-96containsspecialGPSfeaturesnot foundin otherpacketTerminalNodeControllers.
HardwareConfig urations you canusewhenoperatingwithin anAPRSsystem,each Therearefour differenthardwareconfigurations fbr a differentpurpose: 1. A computer running APRS, a GPS receiver, a PK-96, an APRS Adapter Cable (optional), and a radio: This completeconfiguration allowsyou to trackall userson thesystemin your area(includingyourself), APRSAdapterCable,you canconnecta GPS andsend/receive messages andbulletins.UsingTimewave's receiverand a PK-96 to a singleCOM port on a computerrunningAPRS, seeFigure 2.
Becausethe PK-96 can work both asa standalonetrackingdeviceand asa connectedAPRScomponent, thisTNC canbe of aid in naturaldisastersituations, duringpublicserviceevents,and searchandrescue missions. amongotherthings. For example,in a marathon,a pacecar,ambulances, andothersupportvehiclescould eachhavea PK-96 actingasa StandAloneTrackingDevice.A coordinatorcanbe in a centralized locationusinga PK-96,radio,andanAPRSAdapterCable(optional)to connectwith a computerrunningAPRSsoftwareto visually trackthe vehicles.
ture of your area-available to you and all other usersat anytime. The PK-96, ULIIMETER II, and APRS add a whole new dimensionto packetradio-we hope you experimentwith this new application.Set-up proceduresfor an Ultimeter II packet weather station are discussedlater in this chapter. InstallingAPRS Timewave has included a disk containing PC PakRatt Lite and APRS. For your convenience,we have included an installationutility on the disk called INSTAPRS.BAT.
A Type GLOCtx 6, thenpressENTER.This causestheTNC to transmitits GPSlocationevery60 seconds.The seconds canrangefrom 0 (disabled) to 255 in ten secondincrements. 5. Now you need to programthe commands,GNMEAI and/or GNMEA2, for the desiredNMEA (GPS)sentences for thePK-96to parse.Not all GPSreceiverscansendall NMEA sentences. So,the instructionsyou seebelow dependon the ability of your GPS receiverto senddesiredNMEA strings.
9. WhendoneusingthePK-96asa StandAloneTrackingDevice,connectyour TNC to thecomputer again,verify thatyour terminalbaudrateis at 4800baud,8 bits,no parity,onestopbit. A l'ewsecondsafterpoweringup, thePK-96will noticethereis no GPSreceiverconnected andwill dispiay its sign-onmessage andcommandprompt. APRS Hardware Single Port Mode (HSP) Set-Up: Requires versionof a registered A P RS APRS version4.
APRS Dual Port ModeSet-up: To set up APRS for dual mode operation,follow thesesteps: 1. Connectyour PK-96 to one of the COM portson your computer.Get the TNC up and running following the directionsin Chapter2 of this manual. 2. Connectyour GPS receiverto the otherCOM port on your computer.(You will needto build your own cablefor this connection.Sincetherearemany typesof GPSreceivers,all with differentconnections,we can't provideyou with schematicson how to build this cable.) 3.
Connectingthe APRSadaptercable Onceyou've madeyour adaptercable,connectas describedpreviously SchematicDiagramfor the APRSAdapterGable t4 TNC Compu ter 17 18 1g 20 21 22 2a 21 25 PK-96/ULTIMETER ll@StandAloneWeatherStationSet Up Connectthe ULTIMETER II to the PK-96 following the illustrationsof Figure3, Figure4, and Figure5. Oncethe connectionsare made,follow the directionsbelowto configurethe TNC. l. Connectyour TNC to your computerand get it runningfollowing the directionsin Chapter2. 2.
7. Now you needto programtheGNMEAI sentence to matchthe outputof theULTIMETER II. Type GNMEA1 #, thenpressENTER. This will causethe PK-96 to begin parsingthe ULTIMETER II datastartingwith the # digit. ( NotesomeULTIMETERIIs start their string with a # digit anclsonte start their stringswith a x digit. This valuemay haveto be changedto a * if it doesnot work upon installation.) 8. TypeTBAUD 2400,thenpressENTER.
WirelessDqtq/locqtion lrachingSet-Up Commerciol GPS Ado r Coble FIGURE6: In thisconfiguration, dataand GPS information can be sent and received Wireless Data/LocationTrackingsetup: To setup theTNC for this application,fbllow thesesteps: l. Connectthe TNC to a computerandget it up andrunning,followingthe directionsin the Getting Startedsectionof theTNC's manual. 2. Type MY ,thenpressENTER.For example,if your call sign is WATGCI,yon wouldenterMY WATGCI, thenpressENTER. 3.
Ncrrn: The NMEA sentence$GPRMC is the recommendedsentencefor tracking moving objects as it contain.s time, latitude, longitude, course, and speed infotmation" 6. Now typeGPSMode3, thenpressENTER.This preparestheTNC to accepttheNMEA stringsfrom the GPSreceiverthroughthe GPSAdapterCable. 7. your TNC from thecomputerandfollow theGPSAdapterCable Now turn your TNC off, disconnect connectioninstructions below.
8. Troubleshooting Overview This is a chapterwe reallydidn'tenjoywritingbecause it meansthatyou'rehavingtroublewith yourPK96 andthatyou'renot on theair.This chapteris by no meansall-inclusive of everythingthatcouldcause problems,butit is a guideto helpyou solvethemostcommonproblemsthatoccur. AlthoughthePK-96 is a complexpieceof equipment,we'vefoundthatmosttroubleshooting problemsare directlyattributable to five simplesources: . Insufficientpowersupply. . Incorector improperlywiredconnections. .
Power Supply PK.96 Rodio @tu ilililillllll il il il lllllll (ompuler Soltnvore If you havean ideawhichsubsystem mightbe theculprit,try substituting it with oneyou knowis good.Il' your systemworksokayafterthesubstitution is in place,you'vefoundtheculprit. The PowerSupply The PK-96 needsto be f'edby a regulatedpowersupplythatcanprovideat least12 VDC @ 400mAunder Load.
If you're usinga dedicatedpowercubefor the PK-96,checkits polarity-no manufactureris perfectand on rareoccasionthepolarityof the wiresmight havebeenaccidentallyswapped.Again, useyour VOM to seeif thisis thecase. If you find thatthepolarityis correct,tug gentlyat thewiresbothfrom thepowersupplyendandconnecTuggingcanrevealif there'san "open"in oneor bothof the tor endwhilemeasuring voltageor continuity. section,or replacethecableand/orpowersupconductors. If you find an open,eitherrepairthedamaged piv.
plicablefrom theinstallation sections of thismanualbeforeyou call or write-you'll only addto thecost your phone of bill if you don't!Please don't returnyourPK-96to us withoutcontacting us first:we'd like to helpyou troubleshoot theproblemoverthephone(or by mail)first,savingyou bothtime andmoney. If you'reinstructedby oneof our technicians to returnyour unit to us, write the RMA numberissuedto you on theoutsideof theshippingcarton-it will speedtheprocessing of your unit.
:k)ki!Transmit data remai ning backto receive(usingthe RCVE comYou'll getthisif thePK-96is commanded mand)while it still hasdatain the transmitbuffer waiting to be sent.To clearthe transmitbufrer,enterIC. serial port configuration will change on next RESTART Thismessage meansyou'vechanged TBAUD,wordlengthAWLEN, or PARITY. Whenyou type the RESTARTcommand,the new baudratewill takeefTect.
WARNING:Audelay > Txdelay The AUDELAYtimer hasbeensetequalto or greaterthanthe TXDELAY timer. Packet Link Status Messaqes in which your Link statusir"rrug", showyou the statusof AX.25 connections PK-96is involved. **:k connect request: cal I 1 [vi a call2] YourPK-96hasreceived, a connectrequestfrom anothelstation. but notaccepted, * ' T K D ISC O N N E C T EiD C A ]] Your PK-96 has switched to the disconnectedstate.This messagemay be prccededby a messageexplainingthe reasonfor the disconnect.
AEA PK-96 Packet controller AX.25 Level 2 version 2.0 copyright (c) 1-986-1995by Rdvanced electronic npplications, Release 16.AUG.95 ver. 7.L rnc. cmd: whenyou tum on yourPK-96,aftersystemRESTARTor RESET,andiif'The sign-onmessage appears thefirmwareis changedto a laterrelease. ter the autobaudroutine.The releasedateis updatedwhenever Pleasewrite this dateon the first pageof this manualin caseit's neededfor futureref'erence.
renla;eanyblownfuses.Do not useoverrated fusesor try to powerup thedeviceif it blowsthere\ext' placement tuse. If it's thepK-96 thatis blowingfuses,calrrimewavefor assisrance. Problem: Poweris sufficientbutpK_96won'tinitialize. Symptom: Start-upsequence of lightsis erratic. PossibleCauses: . PK-96is underpowered. . Too rnuchAC ripplecomingfrom thepowersupply. Try This: First,increase powerto thePK-96soit receives at least12vDC @ 400mAunderload.
Radioto PK-96Problems The majorityof theseproblemsaredirectlyattributableto incorrectwiring or poor solderjoints. performa continuitycheckof thecableto makeabsolutely sureit's not a opencircuitthatis causinga problem. Problem: Radiowon't talk to thePK-96. Symptom: You don't receivethe sign-on(autobaud)message whenyou powerup the pK-96. PossibleCauses: . Openline in cable. . Incomectly wiredcable. Try This: First,continuitycheckthecableandrepairif necessary.
PossibleCauses: . ThePK-96'smemorybufferis full. . Users commandsetto zero. . You'recurrentlyloggedinto yourMailDrop. Try This: First,emptythe buffereitherby turningthePK-96off andthenon again,or startserialcommunicarions betweenthePK-96andyourcomputerby pressing (CTRL-O)and/or(CTRL-X). Next,makesurethatUSERS is setto 1 or greater. Lastly,makesureto exit your MailDrop by enteringa B for B(ye). PacketProblems Problem: Unableto transmit.
Symptom: thatyour stationis onyour stationappears Otherstationsdon't acknowledge to ignoreconnectrequests. the-air. PossibleCauses: . . CFROM is setto ignoreincomingconnectrequests' MYCALL isn't setor is incorrectlyset. . USERS setto zero. . Possibleunableto transmitproblem. Try This: First,setCFROM to ALL. makesurethatMYCALL is setto your call signandthat USERS is setto a valuegreaterthan Secondly, zero.
Try This: level.(Thedefaultis MONITOR4.) SetMONITORto a non-zero Problem: Unableto monitorDackets. Symptom: youdon'tseeanyactivityon yourscreen. WHYNOTreportsWithobviousactivityon thechannel, MCON. Possible Cause: . You're currentlyconnected,or in theprocessof connecting,to anotherstationand MCON is setsuchthat receivedpacketsaren't being displayed. Try This: If you do, set especiallyon busychannels. Usually,you won't wantto monitorwhile you'reconnected, MCON to a valuesreaterthanzero.
Problem: Unableto monitorpackets. Symptom: With obviousactivity on the channel,you don't seeany activity on your screen.WHYNOT reports- f r ame to sh o rt. PossibleCause: This wasprobablydueto receivinga squelchburstor noiseat theendof a validtransmission. ' Try This: No correctiveactionpossible. Problem: Unableto monitorpackets. Symptom: With obviousactivityon the channel,you don't seeany activityon your screen.WHYNOT reportsframe too 'long.
PK-96Problems Problem: Unableto transmit. Symptom: XMT illuminates butradiodoesn't switchto transmit. Possible Cause: . XMITOKis OFF. Try This: Disconnect radiocablefiom PK-96,thenconnecttheredandbrownwire on theradiocableplug together. While thisshortexists,yourradioshouldtransmit.If thisis true,turnXMITOK ON. Problem: Sign-onmessage not conectlydisplayed. Possible Causes: . Mismatchbetweenterminalor computerprogramserialsettingsandthePK-96settings.
AppendixA: RadioConnections This appendixprovidesradioconnectioninformationfrom yourTimewavedatacontrollerto approximately 400 differentmodelsof amateurtransceivers. Eachradiolistedreferences a connection figureandpossiblya noteon connections. Notesarebelowon this page.Connection figuresappearfollowingthetableof radios.All pin typewiring connections areviewed from thewiring/solder sideof theplug. The wire colorsusedon thediagramsreferto thewiresin theradiocablessuppliedwith your Timewave datacontroller.
tcoM RadioListings ALINCO ALD-247 ALR-22HT ALR-227 ALR-727 DJ-100 DJ-1207 Figure Note lc-12 lc-120 lc-1201 tc-l271 SER/ES 45 45 IC 1275 SER/ES IC-12G SEF/ES IC-2 SERIES DJ-1607 DJ-1627 DJ-1BOT DJ-200 DJ-500 2 45 45 DJ-5607 DJ-5807 DJ-F1T DJ-G1T DR-l107 2 D R - 11 2 7 DR-1197 DR-12007 DR-1307 50 PC3-2000 46 PCS-5A00 PCS-6000 PCS-7000 COLLINS KWM-380 DRAKE T4X T4XB T4XC TR-22 Note Figure Note Figure Note TR-3 TR-33 TR-4 TR-4C TR-4CW TR-6 TR-7 UV-3 10 15 11 10 10 tc-22s 17 tc-22u
IC-SNA SERIES 49 lc-37A 12 IC-3BA IC-35 SERIES 12 IC-4SERIES lc-402 IC-449 SEF/ES IC-45 SERIES IC-DIA tc tz 12 12 12 11 12 12 IC-551 SER/ES IC-551 SEF/ES 15 tc-560 lc-575 12 l \t-OU tc-707 lc-720 tc-7204 lc-725 t2 12 10 12 tu- / zJ 12 15 12 16 1c..726 t2 lc-726 lc-728 16 lc-728 16 12 16 lc-729 tc-729 lc-730 IU.
TM-431 TM-441 TM-531 TM-531 TM-541 TM-621 TM-631 TM-631 TM-641 TM-701 TM-721 TM-731 TM-731 TM-732 TM-741 TM-742 TM-941 TM-942 TS-530 53 TS-60 TS-60 53 II 39 53 TS-670 TS-680 T3-680 53 TS-690 TS-690 35 47 TS-700 11 53 TS-701 TS-711 TS-711 TS-780 TS-790 TS-790 TS-811 TS-811 TR-2200 TR-2300 53 47 47 47 47 47 11 11 TR-2400 33 TR-2500 32 TR-2600 31 TS-820 TS-830 TS-850 TS-850 TS-850 TS-900 TS-930 TR-3200 .t.
ARGONAUTII DELTA II PARAGON 41 41 41 UNIDEN Note HR-2510 FT-411 FT-415 FT-416 FT-470 HR-2600 WILSON MARK II MARK IV z FT-4700 Figure FT-s100 FT-s100 FT-5200 18 18 wE-800 2 YAESU cPU-2500 Figure rt-t 18 FT-650 FT.69OMK I FT.69OMK II FT.69OMK II l - t -t FT-lA00 SEF/ES FT-lOOOSER/ES FT-101 FT.101B FT-l01E FT-101EE FT-101EX FT-101ZD FT-102 1R 18 18 23 FT-203 2 I 1R FT-211RH FT-212RH FT-2200 FT-22'1 FT-227 FT.23 FT-230 FT-231R FT-2400 FT-26 FT-270 FT-270A FT.
/'(A //-\ \--l \ 99 RX Audio:EXTSPKRJack RXAudio:EXTSPKRJack / - aD \ \--,/ - ToJ2 AudioIn @ o @o -ToJ9 PTT To JO - Line Audio Out RXAudio:EXTSPKRJack 3.5mm 2.
Br o wn i- ll tr - \ : {. 9 (9(9A9e9A9 / ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^l lI l ^tulrt (\ ( ? ( ' (9 (9 (9 @l lEl(u( ?9 ( 9 ( , 8 r l tlqtM tt-ill I iilWhitel tttl l: l @ o @ o { 7) ( 1 1 ) ( 1 5 ) ( 1 9 ) ( 2 3 ) | | ^ rH3) | )^ I I Brown 113 :- n | 115 F. | 6) @ 6e)€0 @ ) ---+-O l Ill I rlgqqg@@ t( ( z) G) ( o60@ @ | @@@@ @@@@ @@@@ @@@@ tl I l^l\ llul@ l|tl '1 " Tl r lto F sK N l -------. lvt/hiten |: || ln"o ---T--:--i L:.-::-A____-_l liiRed ---------------:' .'Shield t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
@ {ed- @ Purchase Yaesupart MicCable" "FT-2400 RX Audio:EXT SPKRJack fo ACC2 Connector @@ @@ @ o @ 60{1i) 616 6lo RX Audio:EXTSPKRJack
of- RXAudio:EXTSPKR @ 6D{O ('t(, To ACC2 Conneclor RXAudio:EXTSPKRJack @ (D,6i) ,^I,^ a)l(, @ l@ RX Audio:EXT SPKRJack RX audio:EXTSPKR Ground TX Audio RX Audio DOWN o"^oJ-' AEA has not been ableto confirm the anangementof pins on this connector.
/C' o RX Audio: Use EXT SPKR Jack RXAudio:EXTSPKRJack @ @@ @@ @ @@ @c @@ @@ @@ @ c to FSK R --n-\n t--_-ril ry--
AppendixB: PartsList,Schematics,andPictorialDiagram Capacitors C49 MY C42,C43,C44 MY C45,C48 MY C46,C.50 MY C26 CER C25,C27 CER C47 CER C5I CER C28 CER c l5- c 19, c3 8 -c 4 0c ER C24 CER C IO,CI I,C32,C33CER C22 CER C5 CEII cl-3,c6,c7,c9, MoNo .0056pF .0 1p F .002pF .0221,tF 33 pF 3 3 0p F 470pF 560pF 1 0 0p F .0 0 1p F .0 1p F 22pF .47 1tF .001pF .l trF ctz-t4.c20.czt, c23,C34,C36,C53 C35 MONO .22 ltF C3O EL 41 ytF c4.
u1l U6 cD4053 MC1488 Hardware DIP socket14PIN DIP socket28 PIN DIP socket32 PIN IIDR STR.IO 2 POS HDR STR.1O3 POS HDR R/A'D' F/M DB25 JACKPWR2.1mm JACK PHONO3.5mm CONN R/A DIN 5 PIN sw1 KNOB SW GRY .4 x .2 F1 FUSECLIP PCB B1 BATTERY-Lithium FUSE1 AMP- AGC F1 JP1,JP3 SHORTPLUG.10 U6 U9 U2,U3 JPI JP3 J2 JI J3 J4 Switches swl sw2 Crystals Y1 Y3 Y2 SwitchP-P- 2P2T Switch 12.288MI-Izcrystal 4.433619MHz crystal 4.
*Lll ll lEEl A'| 'l l^*'{l ll ltH: ^ul"ij;y L_=j,!ltygl Isl u h-o !d-u lE? ;{l.-i@-@ L-/ L_/ ; -tui c2 09 c2 os Rr{{ Ril{ (x u trl ql J-:l :;-J.p_-l,,.""|.J d-*bffi b ffi " ,,' E p 1 ll f iBf ffi f i B llf 'r'. "' f1 # b",,YEp1 !o l l l i , -'ffis3fillp l-i Li u,, lrl G ll lE''oull:_ le ,"Xlllis u'lllts lf , 71 'l l l .:) lo' LJ | | fiL-.
I I t- o IO lm l- l( ^ l- u tr r!r!rrr!tt!ttl l arI . n-ld i- lEill ,rF-* q 7 tE Hr . * lt r lH Ir z. m 5 388!3898 9E 6) (] --{ - mrt lllAi:3n33&nrEBs ! 6) rn a cn -o T ,tH+ r8 i ,tl-:-g r: @tr- | ., 8E B 89fl ti 8l :rB ;,- i ! t l 'l rr. - :B l*r i {t6 a N 1 @1 : i n ' = - fH= i:=:"'*=o: S r tt!tl 3l r*;;ss; i;aaaa u.) N 2 .
i I\TU ftr I bUF T LK * .ta q Ti l._- ---F 6 ? I M ff | -r
AppendixC: Specifications ModemCharacteristics 1200bps Modulator/Demodulator: ModemTones: OutputLevel: TCM3105 TexasInstruments Bell202 control 5 - l00mV*"" into 600C2,adjuslableby a rear-panel 9600 bps Modulator/Demodulator: OutputLevel: K9NG Compatible control by a rear-panel Up to 3vp-p,adjustable ProcessorSystem Zilog Z- | 80 (64I 80)microprocessor to 128K expandable 32K standard; Up to 64K of ROM maybe used Zilos 8530SCC Protocolconversion: RAM: ROM: HardwareHDLC: InpuUOutput Connections Radio In
AppendixD: Upgrading the PK-96 Overview The PK-96comesstandard with a l8K mailbox(32K RAM). However,you canpurchase a replacement EPROManda largerRAM chip from Timewave,upgrade(part#,4,.06250), to increasethe mailboxsizeto l00K (128KRAM).To orderyourupgrade, call usat (651)222-4858 Norn: If you are using the battery to backupyour RAM, this upgrade will causeyou to lose oll of your settirtgs untl maiL Youshould print theseout or capture them to disk using your terminal prcgram. Installation l.
AppendixE: Understanding HighSpeedModems This addendumis to help you becomemore familiar with the high-speedRF modems. PK-96connections PTT: FET pull to groundprotectedup to 60V-good for severalhundredmilliampscontinuousduty, lA lightduty. GND: Goodgroundrequired. SQUELCH:Maybeusedif radioprovides thisconnection, butnotrequired because of theDCDcircuitry, whichlooksforacoherentclock running atthedatarate themodemissetto.
'Emphasizing'is a processby which the levelof audiois alteredbasedon its frequency.Audio transmitted on the air is refenedto as 'pre-emphasized'-thehigherthe frequency,thehigherthe transmittedlevel.To retumthe audioto its 'natural'state,thereceiver'de-emphasizes'the audiobeforesendingit to the speaker. De-emphasizing theaudioamplifiesthelow frequencies andattenuates thehigh frequencies.
dio) is the speakeroutputor the 'volumehigh'pin in thespeakerdriver.As canbe seenby theabovegraphs, andconsideringthat the 1200bps mark/space tonesare1.2 and2.2kHz, you can seethat improperlyadjustedemphasis-or lack of emph4sfs-6neithersideof theradiolink will causeseriousproblemswith the dataretrieval. Data Demodulator Theoryof Operationfor the Demodulator fllter.
bps approximatesa squarewave signal which producesstrong odd harmonics that are necessqryto the successful recovery of the data! The harmonics also need to be transmitted so that the square-wavemay be recovered at the receiving end. This is tricky-if the harmonics are attenuatedtoo much, the signal at the receiver will end up a sine wave (lack of clean edges),yet if the harmonics are too strong, the transmitted bandwidthis wider than it needsto be and will bleedinto adjacentchannels.
Appendix F. Product Warranty Timewave Technology Inc. products carry the following warranty: Timewave hardwareproducts are warrantedagainstdefectsin materials and workmanship. If Timewave receives notice of such defects during the wananty period, Timewave shall, at its option, either repair or replace hardware products which prove to be defective.
AppendixG: PK-96TheNetNodeOption Timewave's PK-96cannow be a component in a TheNetnetworkat 1200or 9600bps.TheTheNetcapability of thePK-96allowsnode-builders to adda 9600bpsport to an existingmountain-topnetworkquickly andeasily. ThePK-96youhaverightnowis ableto connectto a TheNetnetworkat l200bps.Beingableto connectto a TheNetnetworkallowsa packetuseron onefiequencyto connectwith a networklocatedon a hill and communicatewith otherpacketuserson differentfrequencies.
lndex Syrnbols 3RDPARTYcommand 26, 77 SBITCONVcommand27, 77 - A Abbreviation.See the specificabbreviation ack xii command 27-28, 77 ACRDISPcommand 28. 77 s command 77 ADDRESScommand 28 AFILTER command 28-29, 17 ALFDISP command 29, 77 ALFPACK command 28. 29.
Computerconnections5 GPS (commercial)AdapterCableconnectionsI 19 CPS receiverconnections113 Power 4 Radio connections12, 16,AppendixA UltimeterII connectionsI l6 CONMODE command 37, 77 CONNECT command 37-38. 77 Connectrequest 38 C onnec t ing ll3, l l 6 , l l 9 Conncctingto anotherstation 83-84 CONPERM command 38. 77 CONSTAMP command 38, 77 CONVERSEcommand 38. 77 ConverseMode 80 CPACTIMEcommand 39, 77 CSTAIUS command 39. 17.
I- G - Gateway (Nodes) 86 CPS commands GENDchar 49, 78 GINITexT 49, 78 GLOCTX50, 78 GNMEAI 50, 78 G NM EA 2 5 0 ,7 8 GPOLLCaI 50,78 GPSAuto50, 78 GPSMode51, 78 GREMprog 52, 78 GSYMChaT52, 78 GUNSTaTI53, 78 G P S 109 GUSERScommand 53, 78 LASTMSG command 56,78, r07 if xii List of Commands 24 I-oop-backtest 9 M tlr H HardwareSingle Porr Mode (HSp) HBAUD command 53, 78, 93 HEADERLN command 53, 78 HF x ii HID command 53-54, 78 HOMEBBS command 54, 78 HOST command 54, 78 HPOLL command 54, 78 109, 1 1 4 ID
MYGATEcommand 64, 79 MYMAIL command64, 79 - N n x ii n a c k x ii NET/ROM 86 NEWMODE command 64, 79 Node Opcration GeneralTheory 86-87 Operatingas a Node 87-89 StayCommand 89 NOMODE command 65, 79 NUCR command 65, 79 NULF cornrnand 65, 79 NULLS command 65, 79 NurrrericalArgument , seeargunxents -I o OPMODE command i9 Shield/DrainWire 13-14 SquelchInput 13-14 Radio Modificationsfbr 9600 baud Operation A l i nco 19 GE Phoenix 19 rcoM 19,20 Kenwood 20,20-21 MotarolaMICOR 21 MotarolaMitrek 21-22 TEKK 22
CANLINE 33,77 CASEDISP 34,77 CM D T IM E 3 6 ,7 7 CON,{MAND37,77 CO N VE R S E3 8 ,7 7 CUSTOM 40,77 DA Y T IME 4 I,7 7 DELETE 42,77 DI S PL A Y 4 3 ,7 7 E CH O 4 5 ,7 8 E S C A PE 4 5 ,7 8 F LO W 4 7 ,7 8 HO S T 5 4 ,7 8 HP O L L 5 4 ,7 8 KISS 55, 78 NO MOD E 6 5 ,7 9 NUC R 6 5 ,7 9 PARITY 66,79 REDISPLA 68,79 REINIT 69, 79 RE S ET 6 9 ,7 9 RESTART 69,79 START 70,79 s T oP 7 1 , 7 9 T B A U D 7 I,7 9 TRANS 72, 79 TRFLOW 72,79 TXFLOW 73,79 UNPROTO 74,79 UBIT 73, 79 X F LO W 7 6 ,7 9 xoFF 76, 79 xoN 76, 79 Te
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