2.4GHz Wireless 802.11n(DRAFT) Router WRT-372U Rev 0.
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Table of Contents Getting Started with the WRT-372U Package Contents Minimum System Requirements 3 4 4 Wireless LAN Networking 5 Introduction Features 9 9 Hardware Overview Rear Panel LEDs Installation Considerations Getting Started 10 10 11 12 12 Using the Configuration Menu Basic Advanced Tools Status 13 14 24 53 70 Glossary 79 2
Getting Started with the WRT-372U Congratulations on purchasing the WRT-372U! This manual provides information for setting up and configuring the WRT-372U. This manual is intended for both home users and professionals. The following conventions are used in this manual: THE NOTE SYMBOL INDICATES ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON THE TOPIC AT HAND. THE TIP SYMBOL INDICATES HELPFULL INFORMATION AND TIPS TO IMPROVE YOUR NETWORK EXPERIENCE.
Package Contents z WRT-372U 11n(Draft) Wireless Router z CAT-5 Ethernet Cable (All the WRT-372U’s Ethernet ports are Auto-MDIX) z Power Adapter (5.0V, 2.5A) z CD-ROM with Software and Manual z Quick Installation Guide Using a power supply with a different voltage than the one included with your product will cause damage and void the warranty for this product.
Wireless LAN Networking This section provides background information on wireless LAN networking technology. Consult the Glossary for definitions of the terminology used in this section. THE INFORMATION IN THIS SECTION IS FOR YOUR REFERENCE. CHANGING NETWORK SETTINGS AND PARTICULARLY SECURITY SETTTINGS SHOULD ONLY BE DONE BY AN AUTHORIZED ADMINISTRATOR. Transmission Rate (Transfer Rate) The WRT-372U provides various transmission (data) rate options for you to select.
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When a number of wireless stations are connected using a single access point, you have a Basic Service Set (BSS). In the ESS diagram below, communication is done through the access points, which relay data packets to other wireless stations or devices connected to the wired network. Wireless stations can then access resources, such as a printer, on the wired network.
In an ESS environment, users are able to move from one access point to another without losing the connection. In the diagram below, when the user moves from BSS (1) to BSS (2) the WLAN client devices automatically switches to the channel used in BSS (2).
Introduction The WRT-372U 11n (Draft) Wireless Router is an high-performance, wireless router that supports high-speed wireless networking at home, at work or in public places. Unlike most routers, the WRT-372U provides data transfers at up to 300Mbps when using 11n (Draft) connection. This router is also back compatible with 802.11g or 11b devices. This means that you do not need to change your entire network to maintain connectivity.
Hardware Overview Real Panel DC-IN The DC power input connector is a single jack socket to supply power to the WRT-372U. Please use the Power Adapter provided on the WRT-372U package. Reset Button Pressing the reset button restores the router to its original factory default settings.
LEDs PWR/SYS LED Solid lights indicate a proper connection to the power supply, and indicate the system ready or not. LAN LEDs Solid lights indicate connections to Ethernet-enabled computers on ports 1-4. LED blinks during data transmission. WAN LED A solid light indicates connection on the WAN port. This LED blinks during data transmission. WLAN LED A solid light indicates that the wireless segment is ready. This LED blinks during wireless data transmission.
Installation Considerations The WRT-372U 11n (Draft) Wireless Router lets you access your network, using a wireless connection, from virtually anywhere within its operating range. Keep in mind, however, that the number, thickness and location of walls, ceilings, or other objects that the wireless signals must pass through, may limit the range. Typical ranges vary depending on the types of materials and background RF (radio frequency) noise in your home or business.
Using the Configuration Menu Whenever you want to configure your WRT-372U, you can access the Configuration Menu through your PC by opening the Web-browser and typing in the IP Address of the WRT-372U. The WRT-372U’s default IP Address is http://192.168.0.1 ¾ ¾ Open the Web browser. Type in the IP Address of the Router (http://192.168.0.1). If you have changed the default IP Address assigned to the WRT-372U, make sure to enter the correct IP Address. ¾ ¾ ¾ Select admin in the User Name field.
Basic The Basic tab provides the following configuration options: INTERNET, WIRELESS and NETWORK SETTINGS. Basic_Internet Setup Wizard If you are new to networking and have never configured a router before, click on Setup Wizard and the router will guide you through a few simple steps to get your network up and running. Manual Configure If you consider yourself an advanced user and have configured a router before, click Manual Configure to input all the settings manually.
Basic_Wireless The wireless section is used to configure the wireless settings for your router. Note that changes made in this section may also need to be duplicated on wireless clients that you want to connect to your wireless network. To protect your privacy, use the wireless security mode to configure the wireless security features. This device supports three wireless security modes including: WEP, WPA-Personal, and WPA-Enterprise. WEP is the original wireless encryption standard.
Enable Wireless This indicates the wireless operating status. The wireless can be turned on or off by the slide switch at the back panel. When the wireless is enabled, the following parameters are in effect. Wireless Network Name When you are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the name that will appear in the list (unless Visibility Status is set to Invisible, see below). This name is also referred to as the SSID.
using WEP, you must determine the level of encryption. The type of encryption determines the key length. 128-bit encryption requires a longer key than 64-bit encryption. Keys are defined by entering in a string in HEX (hexadecimal - using characters 0-9, A-F) or ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange - alphanumeric characters) format. ASCII format is provided so you can enter a string that is easier to remember. The ASCII string is converted to HEX for use over the network.
This option works with a RADIUS Server to authenticate wireless clients. Wireless clients should have established the necessary credentials before attempting to authenticate to the Server through this Gateway. Furthermore, it may be necessary to configure the RADIUS Server to allow this Gateway to authenticate users. Authentication Timeout: Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate. RADIUS Server IP Address: The IP address of the authentication server.
Basic_Network Settings Use this section to configure the internal network settings of your router. The IP Address that is configured here is the IP Address that you use to access the Web-based management interface. If you change the IP Address here, you may need to adjust your PC’s network settings to access the network again.
Router Settings These are the settings of the LAN (Local Area Network) interface for the router. The router's local network (LAN) settings are configured based on the IP Address and Subnet Mask assigned in this section. The IP address is also used to access this Web-based management interface. It is recommended that you use the default settings if you do not have an existing network. IP Address The IP address of your router on the local area network.
Make this router the preferred destination for packets that are not otherwise destined. Allow RIP updates from WAN For security, disable this option unless required by the ISP. RIP Password RIP Version 2 supports the use of a password to limit access to routers through the RIP protocol. If the ISP or other LAN router requires a RIP password, enter the password here. DHCP Server Settings DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.
this falls within the "managed range" be sure to create a reservation for this address and match it to the relevant computer (see Static DHCP Client below). DHCP Lease Time The amount of time that a computer may have an IP address before it is required to renew the lease. The lease functions just as a lease on an apartment would. The initial lease designates the amount of time before the lease expires. If the tenant wishes to retain the address when the lease is expired then a new lease is established.
Windows 98 Windows Me Windows 2000 Windows XP Mac OS X Go to the Start menu, select Run, type in winipcfg, and hit Enter. A popup window will be displayed. Select the appropriate adapter from the pull-down menu and you will see the Adapter Address. This is the MAC address of the device. Go to your Start menu, select Programs, select Accessories, and select Command Prompt. At the command prompt type ipconfig /all and hit Enter.
Advanced The Advanced tab provides the following configuration options: Virtual Server, Special Applications, Gaming, StreamEngine, Routing, Access Control, WEB Filter, MAC Address Filter, Firewall, Inbound Filter, Advanced Wireless and Advanced Network. Advanced_Virtual Server The Virtual Server option gives Internet users access to services on your LAN. This feature is useful for hosting online services such as FTP, Web, or game servers.
2. Enter the IP Address of the machine on your LAN (for example: 192.168.0.50 3. Enter the Private Port as [80] 4. Enter the Public Port as [8888] 5. Select the Protocol (for example TCP). 6. Ensure the schedule is set to Always 7. Click Save to add the settings to the Virtual Servers List 8. Repeat these steps for each Virtual Server Rule you wish to add. After the list is complete, click Save Settings at the top of the page.
Add/Edit Virtual Server In this section you can add an entry to the Virtual Servers List below or edit an existing entry. Enable Entries in the list can be either active (enabled) or inactive (disabled). Save Saves the new or edited virtual server entry in the following list. When finished updating the virtual server entries, you must still click the Save Settings button at the top of the page to make the changes effective and permanent.
Advanced_Special Applications An application rule is used to open single or multiple ports on your router when the router senses data sent to the Internet on a "trigger" port or port range. An application rule applies to all computers on your internal network. Parameters for an Application Rule Example: You need to configure your router to allow a software application running on any computer on your network to connect to a web-based server or another user on the Internet.
Trigger Port Range Enter the outgoing port range used by your application (for example 6500-6700). Trigger Protocol Select the outbound protocol used by your application (for example Both). Input Port Range Enter the port range that you want to open up to Internet traffic (for example 6000-6200). Input Protocol Select the protocol used by the Internet traffic coming back into the router through the opened port range (for example Both). Schedule Select a schedule for when this rule is in effect.
Advanced_Gaming Multiple connections are required by some applications, such as internet games, video conferencing, Internet telephony, and others. These applications have difficulties working through NAT (Network Address Translation). This section is used to open multiple ports or a range of ports in your router and redirect data through those ports to a single PC on your network.
Name Give the rule a name that is meaningful to you, for example Game Server. You can also select from a list of popular games, and many of the remaining configuration values will be filled in accordingly. However, you should check whether the port values have changed since this list was created, and you must fill in the IP address field. IP Address Enter the local network IP address of the system hosting the server, for example 192.168.0.50.
Advanced_StreamEngine The StreamEngine feature helps improve your network gaming performance by prioritizing the data flows of network applications. StreamEngine Setup Enable StreamEngine Enable this option for better performance and experience with online games and other interactive applications, such as VoIP.
Automatic Classification This option is enabled by default so that your router will automatically determine which programs should have network priority. Dynamic Fragmentation This option should be enabled when you have a slow Internet uplink. It helps to reduce the impact that large low priority network packets can have on more urgent ones by breaking the large packets into several smaller packets.
that every flow defined in a rule receives the expected priority and avoids indeterminate prioritization that could reduce QoS effectiveness. Name Create a name for the rule that is meaningful to you. Priority The priority of the message flow is entered here -- 1 receives the highest priority (most urgent) and 255 receives the lowest priority (least urgent). Priority 0 is reserved. Flows that are not prioritized by any rule receive lowest priority. Protocol The protocol used by the messages.
Advanced_Routing Add/Edit Route Adds a new route to the IP routing table or edits an existing route. Enable: Specifies whether the entry will be enabled or disabled. Destination IP: The IP address of packets that will take this route. Netmask: One bits in the mask specify which bits of the IP address must match. Gateway: Specifies the next hop to be taken if this route is used. A gateway of 0.0.0.
Save: Saves the new or edited route in the following list. When finished updating the routing table, you must still click the Save Settings button at the top of the page to make the changes effective and permanent. Routes List The section shows the current routing table entries. Certain required routes are predefined and cannot be changed. Routes that you add can be changed by clicking the Edit icon, or deleted by clicking the Delete icon.
Advanced_Access Control The Access Control section allows you to control access in and out of devices on your network. Use this feature as Parental Controls to only grant access to approved sites, limit web access based on time or dates, and/or block access from applications such as peer-to-peer utilities or games. Enable By default, the Access Control feature is disabled. If you need Access Control, check this option.
Policy Wizard starts and guides you through the process of changing a policy. You can enable or disable specific policies in the list by clicking the "Enable" checkbox.
Advanced_WEB Filter This section is where you add the Web sites to be used for Access Control. The Web sites listed here are used when the Web Filter option is enabled in Access Control. The Web Filter section is one of two means by which you can specify the web sites you want to allow. You also have the alternative of using the Sentinel Parental Controls Service, which allows you to specify broad categories of web sites and saves you the trouble of entering specific web site URLs.
Enable Entries in the Allowed Web Site List can be activated or deactivated with this checkbox. New entries are activated by default. Save Saves the new or edited Allowed Web Site in the following list. When finished updating the Allowed Web Site List, you must still click the Save Settings button at the top of the page to make the changes effective and permanent. Allowed Web Site List The section lists the currently allowed web sites.
Advanced_MAC Address Filter The MAC address filter section can be used to filter network access by machines based on the unique MAC addresses of their network adapter(s). It is most useful to prevent unauthorized wireless devices from connecting to your network. A MAC address is a unique ID assigned by the manufacturer of the network adapter. Enable MAC Address Filter When this is enabled, computers are granted or denied network access depending on the mode of the filter.
Add/Edit MAC Address In this section, you can add entries to the MAC Address List below, or edit existing entries. Enable MAC address entries can be activated or deactivated with this checkbox. MAC Address Enter the MAC address of the desired computer or connect to the router from the desired computer and click the Copy Your PC’s MAC Address button. Save Saves the new or edited MAC Address entry in the following list.
Advanced_Firewall The router provides a tight firewall by virtue of the way NAT works. Unless you configure the router to the contrary, the NAT does not respond to unsolicited incoming requests on any port, thereby making your LAN invisible to Internet cyber attackers. However, some network applications cannot run with a tight firewall. Those applications need to selectively open ports in the firewall to function correctly.
Firewall Settings Enable SPI SPI ("stateful packet inspection" also known as "dynamic packet filtering") helps to prevent cyber attacks by tracking more state per session. It validates that the traffic passing through that session conforms to the protocol. When the protocol is TCP, SPI checks that packet sequence numbers are within the valid range for the session, discarding those packets that do not have valid sequence numbers.
DMZ means "Demilitarized Zone." If an application has trouble working from behind the router, you can expose one computer to the Internet and run the application on that computer. When a LAN host is configured as a DMZ host, it becomes the destination for all incoming packets that do not match some other incoming session or rule.
Non-UDP/TCP/ICMP LAN Sessions When a LAN application that uses a protocol other than UDP, TCP, or ICMP initiates a session to the Internet, the router's NAT can track such a session, even though it does not recognize the protocol. This feature is useful because it enables certain applications (most importantly a single VPN connection to a remote host) without the need for an ALG. Note that this feature does not apply to the DMZ host (if one is enabled). The DMZ host always handles these kinds of sessions.
Allows FTP clients and servers to transfer data across NAT. Refer to the Advanced → Virtual Server page if you want to host an FTP server. H.323 (Netmeeting) Allows H.323 (specifically Microsoft Netmeeting) clients to communicate across NAT. Note that if you want your buddies to call you, you should also set up a virtual server for NetMeeting. Refer to the Advanced → Virtual Server page for information on how to set up a virtual server.
Advanced_Inbound Filter When you use the Virtual Server, Gaming, or Remote Administration features to open specific ports to traffic from the Internet, you could be increasing the exposure of your LAN to cyber attacks from the Internet. In these cases, you can use Inbound Filters to limit that exposure by specifying the IP addresses of internet hosts that you trust to access your LAN through the ports that you have opened.
Add/Edit Inbound Filter Rule Here you can add entries to the Inbound Filter Rules List below, or edit existing entries. Name Enter a name for the rule that is meaningful to you. Action The rule can either Allow or Deny messages. Source IP Range Define the ranges of Internet addresses this rule applies to. For a single IP address, enter the same address in both the Start and End boxes. Up to eight ranges can be entered. The Enable checkbox allows you to turn on or off specific entries in the list of ranges.
Advanced_Advanced Wireless Beacon Period Beacons are packets sent by a wireless router to synchronize wireless devices. Specify a Beacon Period value between 20 and 1000. The default value is set to 100 milliseconds. RTS Threshold This setting should remain at its default value of 2346. If you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor modifications to the value are recommended. Fragmentation Threshold This setting should remain at its default value of 2346.
Enabling WMM can help control latency and jitter when transmitting multimedia content over a wireless connection. Short GI Using a short (400ns) guard interval can increase throughput. However, it can also increase error rate in some installations, due to increased sensitivity to radio-frequency reflections. Select the option that works best for your installation. Extra Wireless Protection Extra protection for neighboring 11b wireless networks.
Advanced_Network UPnP UPnP is short for Universal Plug and Play, which is a networking architecture that provides compatibility among networking equipment, software, and peripherals. This router has optional UPnP capability, and can work with other UPnP devices and software. Enable UPnP If you need to use the UPnP functionality, you can enable it here. WAN Ping Pinging public WAN IP addresses is a common method used by hackers to test whether your WAN IP address is valid.
If you leave this option unchecked, you are causing the router to ignore ping commands for the public WAN IP address of the router. WAN Port Speed Normally, this is set to "auto". If you have trouble connecting to the WAN, try the other settings. Multicast Streams The router uses the IGMP protocol to support efficient multicasting -- transmission of identical content, such as multimedia, from a source to a number of recipients.
Tools The Tools tab provides the following configuration options: Admin, Time, Syslog, Email Settings, System, Firmware, Dynamic DNS, Windows Connect Now, System Check & Schedules. Tools_Admin The Admin option is used to set a password for access to the Web-based management. By default there is no password configured. It is highly recommended that you create a password to keep your new router secure.
Enter a password for the user "admin", who will have full access to the Web-based management interface. User Password Enter a password for the user "user", who will have read-only access to the Web-based management interface. Gateway Name The name of the router can be changed here. Enable Remote Management Enabling Remote Management allows you to manage the router from anywhere on the Internet. Disabling Remote Management allows you to manage the router only from computers on your LAN.
Tools_Time The Time Configuration option allows you to configure, update, and maintain the correct time on the router's internal system clock. From this section you can set the time zone that you are in and set the Time Server. Daylight saving can also be configured to automatically adjust the time when needed. Time Configuration Current Router Time Displays the time currently maintained by the router. If this is not correct, use the following options to configure the time correctly.
Select the time offset, if your location observes daylight saving time. DST Start and DST End Select the starting and ending times for the change to and from daylight saving time. For example, suppose for DST Start you select Month="Oct", Week="3rd", Day="Sun" and Time="2am". This is the same as saying: "Daylight saving starts on the third Sunday of October at 2:00 AM.
Tools_Syslog This section allows you to archive your log files to a Syslog Server. Enable Logging to Syslog Server Enable this option if you have a syslog server currently running on the LAN and wish to send log messages to it. Syslog Server IP Address Enter the LAN IP address of the Syslog Server.
Tools_Email Settings The Email feature can be used to send the system log files, router alert messages, and firmware update notification to your email address. Enable Enable Email Notification When this option is enabled, router activity logs or firmware upgrade notifications can be emailed to a designated email address, and the following parameters are displayed.
Re-type the password associated with the account. Email Log When Full or on Schedule On Log Full Select this option if you want logs to be sent by email when the log is full. On Schedule Select this option if you want logs to be sent by email according to a schedule. Schedule If you selected the On Schedule option, select one of the defined schedule rules. If you do not see the schedule you need in the list of schedules, go to the Tools -> Schedules screen and create a new schedule.
Tools_System This section allows you to manage the router's configuration settings, reboot the router, and restore the router to the factory default settings. Restoring the unit to the factory default settings will erase all settings, including any rules that you've created. Save Settings To Local Hard Drive This option allows you to save the router's configuration to a file on your computer. Be sure to save the configuration before performing a firmware upgrade.
Tools_Firmware The Firmware Upgrade section can be used to update to the latest firmware code to improve functionality and performance. To check for the latest firmware, click the Check Online Now button. If you would like to be notified when new firmware is released, place a checkmark in the box next to Email Notification of Newer Firmware Version. To upgrade the firmware, follow these steps: 1. Click the Browse button to locate the upgrade file on your computer. 2.
Firmware Information Here are displayed the version numbers of the firmware currently installed in your router and the most recent upgrade that is available. Check Online This option will check support site to see if you have the latest version of the firmware available. If a newer version is available, download instructions will be displayed. Firmware Upgrade Firmware upgrade cannot be performed from a wireless device.
Some firmware upgrades reset the configuration options to the factory defaults. Before performing an upgrade, be sure to save the current configuration from the Tools -> Admin screen. Upload Once you have a firmware update on your computer, use this option to browse for the file and then upload the information into the router.
Tools_Dynamic DNS The Dynamic DNS feature allows you to host a server (Web, FTP, Game Server, etc.) using a domain name that you have purchased (www.whateveryournameis.com) with your dynamically assigned IP address. Most broadband Internet Service Providers assign dynamic (changing) IP addresses. When you use a Dynamic DNS service provider, your friends can enter your host name to connect to your server, no matter what your IP address is.
supplies only a key, enter that key in all three fields. Timeout The time between periodic updates to the Dynamic DNS, if your dynamic IP address has not changed. The timeout period is entered in hours. If a dynamic DNS update fails for any reason (for example, when incorrect parameters are entered), the router automatically disables the Dynamic DNS feature and records the failure in the log.
Tools_System Check Ping Test "Ping" is an Internet utility function that sends a series of short messages to a target computer and reports the results. You can use it to test whether a computer is running, and to get an idea of the quality of the connection to that computer, based on the speed of the responses. Host Name or IP Address Enter either the IP address of the target computer or enter its fully qualified domain name. Ping Start pinging the specified host.
Tools_Schedules Schedules can be created for use with enforcing rules. For example, if you want to restrict web access to Mon-Fri from 3pm to 8pm, you could create a schedule selecting Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, and Fri and enter a Start Time of 3pm and End Time of 8pm. Add/Edit Schedule Rule In this section you can add entries to the Schedule Rules List below or edit existing entries. Name Give the schedule a name that is meaningful to you, such as "Weekday rule".
The end time is entered in the same format as the start time. The hour in the first box and the minutes in the second box. The end time is used for most other rules, but is not normally used for email events. Save Saves the new or edited Schedule Rule in the following list. When finished updating the Schedule Rules, you must still click the Save Settings button at the top of the page to make the changes effective and permanent. Schedule Rules List This section shows the currently defined Schedule Rules.
Status The Status tab provides the following configuration options: Device Info, Wireless, Routing, Logs, Statistics and Active Sessions. Status_Device info All of your Internet and network connection details are displayed on the Device Info page. The firmware version is also displayed here. Some browsers have limitations that make it impossible to update the WAN status display when the status changes. Some browsers require that you refresh the display to obtain updated status.
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Depending on the type of WAN connection, you can take one of the following sets of actions: DHCP Connection Clicking the DHCP Release button unassigns the router's IP address. The router will not respond to IP messages from the WAN side until you click the DHCP Renew button or power-up the router again. Clicking the DHCP Renew button causes the router to request a new IP address from the ISP's server.
Status_Wireless The wireless section allows you to view the wireless clients that are connected to your wireless router. MAC Address The Ethernet ID (MAC address) of the wireless client. IP Address The LAN-side IP address of the client. Mode The transmission standard being used by the client. Rate The actual transmission rate of the client in megabits per second. Signal This is a relative measure of signal quality. The value is expressed as a percentage of theoretical best quality.
Status_Routing The routing section displays all of the routing details configured for your router. A value of 0.0.0.0 for gateway means there is no next hop, and the IP address is directly connected to the router on the interface specified: LAN or WAN. A value of 0.0.0.0 in both the destination IP and netmask means that this is the default route.
Status_Logs The router automatically logs (records) events of possible interest in its internal memory. If there is not enough internal memory for all events, logs of older events are deleted, but logs of the latest events are retained. The Logs option allows you to view the router logs. You can define what types of events you want to view and the level of events to view.
View Levels Select the level of events that you want to view. • Critical • Warning • Informational Apply Log Settings Now Click this button after changing Log Options to make them effective and permanent. Refresh Clicking this button refreshes the display of log entries. There may be new events since the last time you accessed the log. Clear Clicking this button erases all log entries.
Status_Statistics The Statistics page displays all of the LAN, WAN, and Wireless packet transmit and receive statistics. Sent The number of packets sent from the router. Received The number of packets received by the router. TX Packets Dropped The number of packets that were dropped while being sent, due to errors, collisions, or router resource limitations. RX Packets Dropped The number of packets that were dropped while being received, due to errors, collisions, or router resource limitations.
Errors The number of transmission failures that cause loss of a packet. A noisy radio-frequency environment can cause a high error rate on the wireless LAN.
Status_Active Sessions The Active Sessions page displays full details of active sessions through your router. A session is a conversation between a progam or application on a LAN-side computer and a program or application on a WAN-side computer. Internal The IP address and port number of the LAN-side application. Protocol The communications protocol used for the conversation. External The IP address and port number of the WAN-side application.
• TW: Time Wait -- Waiting for a short time while a connection that was in FIN Wait is fully closed. • LA: Last ACK -- Waiting for a short time while a connection that was in Close Wait is fully closed. • CL: Closed -- The connection is no longer active but the session is being tracked in case there are any retransmitted packets still pending. Dir The direction of initiation of the conversation: Out Initiated from LAN to WAN. In Initiated from WAN to LAN.
Glossary A Access Control List ACL. This is a database of network devices that are allowed to access resources on the network. Access Point AP. Device that allows wireless clients to connect to it and access the network ActiveX A Microsoft specification for the interaction of software components. Ad-hoc network Peer-to-Peer network between wireless clients Address Resolution Protocol ARP. Used to map MAC addresses to IP addresses so that conversions can be made in both directions.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange. This system of characters is most commonly used for text files Attenuation The loss in strength of digital and analog signals. The loss is greater when the signal is being transmitted over long distances. Authentication To provide credentials, like a Password, in order to verify that the person or device is really who they are claiming to be Automatic Private IP Addressing APIPA.
A time during processes when something causes the process to slowdown or stop all together Broadband A wide band of frequencies available for transmitting data Broadcast Transmitting data in all directions at once Browser A program that allows you to access resources on the web and provides them to you graphically C Cable modem A device that allows you to connect a computer up to a coaxial cable and receive Internet access from your Cable provider CardBus A newer version of the PC Card or PCMCIA interface.
The second layer of the OSI model. Controls the movement of data on the physical link of a network Database Organizes information so that it can be managed updated, as well as easily accessed by users or applications.
"Demilitarized Zone". A computer that logically sits in a "no-mans land" between the LAN and the WAN. The DMZ computer trades some of the protection of the router's security mechanisms for the convenience of being directly addressable from the Internet.
A way of sending data through light impulses over glass or plastic wire or fiber File server A computer on a network that stores data so that the other computers on the network can all access it File sharing Allowing data from computers on a network to be accessed by other computers on the network with different levels of access rights Firewall A device that protects resources of the Local Area Network from unauthorized users outside of the local network Firmware Programming that is inserted into a hardware
A standard that provides consistency of voice and video transmissions and compatibility for videoconferencing devices Half-duplex Data cannot be transmitted and received at the same time Hashing Transforming a string of characters into a shorter string with a predefined length Hexadecimal Characters 0-9 and A-F Hop The action of data packets being transmitted from one router to another Host Computer on a network HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used to transfer files from HTTP servers (web servers) to HT
Infrastructure In terms of a wireless network, this is when wireless clients use an Access Point to gain access to the network Internet A system of worldwide networks which use TCP/IP to allow for resources to be accessed from computers around the world Internet Explorer A World Wide Web browser created and provided by Microsoft Internet Protocol The method of transferring data from one computer to another on the Internet Internet Protocol Security IPsec provides security at the packet processing layer of n
Java A programming language used to create programs and applets for web pages K Kbps Kilobits per second Kbyte Kilobyte L LAN Local Area Network Latency The amount of time that it takes a packet to get from the one point to another on a network. Also referred to as delay LED Light Emitting Diode Legacy Older devices or technology Local Area Network A group of computers in a building that usually access files from a server LPR/LPD "Line Printer Requestor"/"Line Printer Daemon".
MDIX Medium Dependent Interface Crossover, is an Ethernet port for a connection to a crossover cable MIB Management Information Base is a set of objects that can be managed by using SNMP Modem A device that Modulates digital signals from a computer to an analog signal in order to transmit the signal over phone lines.
Network Time Protocol Used to synchronize the time of all the computers in a network NIC Network Interface Card NTP Network Time Protocol O OFDM Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing is the modulation technique for both 802.11a and 802.
Port A logical channel endpoint in a network. A computer might have only one physical channel (its Ethernet channel) but can have multiple ports (logical channels) each identified by a number.
RJ-45 The most commonly used connection method for Ethernet RS-232C The interface for serial communication between computers and other related devices RSA Algorithm used for encryption and authentication S Server A computer on a network that provides services and resources to other computers on the network Session key An encryption and decryption key that is generated for every communication session between two computers Session layer The fifth layer of the OSI model which coordinates the connection and com
Secure Shell is a command line interface that allows for secure connections to remote computers SSID Service Set Identifier is a name for a wireless network Stateful inspection A feature of a firewall that monitors outgoing and incoming traffic to make sure that only valid responses to outgoing requests are allowed to pass though the firewall Subnet mask Determines what portion of an IP address designates the Network and which part designates the Host Syslog System Logger -- a distributed logging interface
Universal Plug and Play A standard that allows network devices to discover each other and configure themselves to be a part of the network Upgrade To install a more recent version of a software or firmware product Upload To send a request from one computer to another and have a file transmitted from the requesting computer to the other UPnP Universal Plug and Play URL Uniform Resource Locator is a unique address for files accessible on the Internet USB Universal Serial Bus UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair V Virt
Windows Connect Now. A Microsoft method for configuring and bootstrapping wireless networking hardware (access points) and wireless clients, including PCs and other devices. WDS Wireless Distribution System. A system that enables the interconnection of access points wirelessly.
Y Yagi antenna A directional antenna used to concentrate wireless signals on a specific location Z # 1 802.11 A family of specifications for wireless local area networks (WLANs) developed by a working group of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
