USER GUIDE Trimble SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna ® Version 2.28 (SPS780 Smart GPS Antennas) Version 3.
Corporate Office Trimble Navigation Limited 935 Stewart Drive Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA www.trimble.com Construction Business Area Trimble Navigation Limited Construction Business Area 5475 Kellenburger Road Dayton, Ohio 45424-1099 USA 800-538-7800 (toll free in USA) +1-937-245-5600 Phone +1-937-233-9004 Fax www.trimble.com E-mail: trimble_support@trimble.com Legal Notices Copyright and Trademarks © 2006, Trimble Navigation Limited. All rights reserved.
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iv SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide
Safety Information Before you use your Trimble® SPS GPS receiver, make sure that you have read and understood all safety requirements. Regulations and safety The receivers contain an internal radio-modem and can send signals through Bluetooth® wireless technology (SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver and the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna only) or through an external data communications radio. Regulations regarding the use of the radio-modems vary greatly from country to country.
Safety Information • DO NOT operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere. • All equipment must be properly grounded according to Trimble installation instructions for safe operation. • All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician. For license-free 900 MHz radio1 C CAUTION – For your own safety, and in terms of the RF Exposure requirements of the FCC, always observe the precautions listed here.
Safety Information To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that permitted for successful communication. Battery safety C WARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A damaged battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or property damage.
Safety Information viii SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide
Contents Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Regulations and safety . . . . . . . . . . . Type approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exposure to radio frequency radiation . For 450 MHz radio . . . . . . . . . For license-free 900 MHz radio . For Bluetooth radio . . . . . . . . Installing antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . Battery safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 4 Setup Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Base station operation guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Base station components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Base station setup guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Permanent installation antenna cabling for the SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver and SPS770 GPS receiver . . . . . . .
Contents Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenario One: Base station setup on first visit to a site . . . . . . . . . . Scenario Two: Base station setup on a repeat visit to that site . . . . . Scenario Three: The stored base station position seems to be missing Flowchart showing the AutoBase process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents C Adding Internal Radio Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Adding receive frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104 D Upgrading the Receiver Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 The WinFlash utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106 Installing the WinFlash utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 1 Introduction SPS780 Basic Smart GPS antenna 1 Welcome to the SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide. This manual describes how to set up and use the Trimble® SPSx80 Smart GPS antennas. The SPS GPS receivers is a family of receivers that comprise the SPSx50 Modular GPS receivers, SPS770 GPS receivers, and the SPSx80 Smart GPS antennas. Where necessary, this manual contains references to specific receivers in the product family.
1 Introduction Related Information Sources of related information include the following: • Help – The SCS900 Site Controller software has built-in, context-sensitive help that lets you quickly find the information you need. Access it from the Help menu. Alternatively, click the ? button in a dialog, or press [F1]. On a Microsoft® Windows® CE device, select Start / Help.
CHAPTER 2 Features and Functions In this chapter: Q SPS780 Smart GPS antenna standard features Q SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna standard features Q Use and care Q COCOM limits Q Parts of the receiver Q Button functions Q LED behavior 2 The SPSx80 Smart GPS antennas are designed to be used for the following infrastructure and site development applications: • Layout of structure foundations, caissons and piles • Earthworks, fine grading and finishing stakeout operations • Initial site m
2 Features and Functions Overview The SPS780 and SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antennas (see Figure 2.1) are very similar in setup, operational use, and controls. The SPS880 has a taller antenna dome to accommodate the larger GPS antenna and the circuitry required to track additional GPS signals and GLONASS satellites. Figure 2.
Features and Functions 2 • Base station operational range limited only by normal restrictions common to UHF radio transmissions • Integrated transmit radio (450 MHz Base configuration only) • Entry level price point for lower cost of base station or rover • Can be upgraded to the SPS780 Max SPS780 Max features • Base/Rover receiver interchangeability for ultimate GPS fleet flexibility • Rover option offers 10 Hz measurement update rate • Range limited only by normal restrictions common to UHF
2 Features and Functions Use and care This product is designed to withstand the rough treatment and tough environment that typically occurs in construction applications. However, the receiver is a high-precision electronic instrument and should be treated with reasonable care. C CAUTION – Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified temperature range can damage it. For more information, see Chapter 10, Specifications. COCOM limits The U.S.
Features and Functions 2 Front panel Figure 2.2 shows a front view of the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna. The front panel contains the three indicator LEDs, and the power button. Power LED Radio LED Power button Satellite LED Figure 2.2 Front panel of the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna The power button controls the receiver’s power on or off functions. The indicator LEDs show the status of power, satellite tracking, and radio reception. For more information, see LED behavior, page 21.
2 Features and Functions Lower housing Figure 2.3 shows the lower housing of the SPS780 Smart GPS antenna. The lower housing is the same for the SPS880, except for the identifying label. The housing contains the two serial ports, one TNC radio antenna connector, the removable battery compartment and the 5/8-11 threaded insert. Receiver identifying label TNC radio antenna connection Port 2 5/8-11" threaded insert Port 1 Figure 2.
Features and Functions 2 Port 2 is a DB-9 male connector that allows for full 9-pin RS-232 communications. Port 2 does not support power in or out. For more information on default port settings, see Default receiver settings, page 66. For more information on connector pinouts, see Communication specifications, page 72. The TNC port connector is for connecting a radio antenna to the receiver internal radio.
2 Features and Functions LED flash patterns The following table details the possible flash patterns to indicate various states of receiver operation.
CHAPTER 3 Batteries and Power In this chapter: Q External power Q Battery safety Q Battery performance Q Charging the Lithium-ion batteries Q Storing the Lithium-ion battery Q Disposing of the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery Q Operating the receiver with a Trimble controller 3 The GPS receiver is powered by an internal Lithium-ion battery, which can be detached from the receiver for charging. The receiver can also be connected to an external power source through Port 1.
3 Batteries and Power External power The GPS receiver uses an external power source in preference to its internal batteries. If the receiver is not connected to an external power source, or if the external power supply fails, the internal batteries are used. While carrying out static measurements for postprocessed computations using the internal memory, if no external power is supplied and the internal battery is drained, the receiver shuts down.
Batteries and Power 3 Charging the Lithium-ion batteries C WARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in personal injury and/or equipment damage. To prevent injury or damage: – Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.
3 Batteries and Power Storing the Lithium-ion battery If you must store a Lithium-ion battery for long periods, make sure that it is fully charged before it is stored, and that you charge it at least once every three months while it is stored. Do not allow a battery that is in storage to discharge to below 5 V. A battery that reaches deep discharge level (5 V or less) cannot be recharged and must be replaced.
CHAPTER 4 Setup Guidelines In this chapter: Q Base station operation guidelines Q Rover operation guidelines 4 GPS Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) operation provides centimeter-level accuracy by eliminating errors that are present in the GPS system. For all RTK operations, you require both a base station and a rover receiver.
4 Setup Guidelines Base station operation guidelines A base station consists of a receiver that is placed at a known (and fixed) position. The receiver tracks the same satellites that are being tracked by the rover receiver, at the same time that the rover is tracking them. Errors in the GPS system are monitored at the fixed (and known) base station, and a series of position corrections are computed.
Setup Guidelines 4 Base station setup guidelines For good performance, observe the following base station setup guidelines: • Place the GPS receiver in a location on the jobsite where equal range in all directions provides full coverage of the site. This is more important on larger jobsites, where the broadcast range of the base station radio may limit the operations of the GPS system. • Place the GPS antenna in a location that has a clear line of sight to the sky in all directions.
4 Setup Guidelines Cellular phone towers can interfere with the base station radio broadcast and can stop corrections from reaching the rover receiver. High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can overwhelm the receiver circuits. This does not harm the receiver, but can prevent the receiver electronics from functioning correctly. Low-power transmitters, such as those in cellular phones and two-way radios, do not interfere with receiver operations.
Setup Guidelines 4 • Trimble recommends that you install lightning protection equipment at permanent base station locations. Equipment should include a gas capsule lightning protector in the GPS and radio antenna feed line and appropriate safety grounding. A static dissipater near the antennas can reduce the likelihood of a direct lightning strike. Also protect any communications and power lines at building entry points.
Setup Guidelines 4 cellular modem in the controller, or through an external cellular phone that is connected to the receiver either by Bluetooth wireless technology or by means of a cable. The correction stream for some other positioning solutions, such as SBAS (WAAS/EGNOS, and MSAS) and the OmniSTAR XP or HP service1, is broadcast through geostationary satellites, and detected by the GPS antenna itself. No integrated radio or base station is required.
Setup Guidelines 4 Rover receiver setup guidelines For good rover operation, observe the following setup guidelines: • Place the GPS antenna in a location that has a clear line of sight to the sky in all directions. Do not place the antenna near vertical obstructions such as buildings, deep cuttings, site vehicles, towers, or tree canopy.
4 Setup Guidelines • C On a vehicle or marine vessel, place the GPS antenna in a location as free from shock and vibration as possible. For the modular receivers, a single magnetic mount is normally sufficient to hold the antenna in a suitable location, whereas for the larger smart antenna, a triple magnetic mount is normally recommended. Good alternatives include a 5/8" thread bolt in a suitable location on the roof bars, or a door-mounted pole bracket.
Setup Guidelines 4 • Make sure that the rover receiver does not lose power. An SPSx50 is typically powered by its internal battery. You cannot change the battery, but the charge typically lasts for longer than a working day. The batteries in the SPSx80 can be changed when flat. (See Chapter 3, Batteries and Power). If you do not use the rover receiver very often, ensure that it is charged at least every three months.
4 Setup Guidelines Internal radio setup for rover operations The internal radio of the SPS GPS receiver is delivered with the transmit (Tx) radio frequencies preprogrammed into the receiver. To add receive (Rx) radio frequencies to 450 MHz radios, use the WinFlash utility (see Appendix C, Adding Internal Radio Frequencies). Radio frequences cannot be added to the 900 MHz radios.
CHAPTER 5 Setting up the Receiver In this chapter: Q Connecting the receiver to external devices Q Common ways to set up a base station Q Common ways to set up a rover receiver 5 In this chapter, recommendations for setting up the receiver as a base station or for rover operations are provided. The recommendations cover a variety of common use scenarios. Note – This chapter provides setup information for all the receivers in the SPS GPS receiver family.
5 Setting up the Receiver Connecting the receiver to external devices You can connect an SPSx80 to the following devices: • a Trimble controller running Trimble SCS900 Site Controller software • an external radio-modem Trimble controller with SCS900 Site Controller software To connect a Trimble controller that is running the SCS900 Site Controller software to an SPS GPS receiver, use Bluetooth wireless technology ( for all except the SPS770 GPS receiver) or a serial cable. Table 5.
Setting up the Receiver 5 Table 5.1 Connecting to a Trimble controller running the SCS900 Site Controller software (cont) ACU Use this cable connector … and connect the Cable part number cable to … 4-pin Hirose ACU Lemo SPSx80 44147 External radio-modems The most common data link for Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) operation is a radio.
5 Setting up the Receiver Common ways to set up a base station You can set up a base station in different ways depending on the application, coverage area, degree of permanence versus mobility, and available infrastructure. Before you set up a base station, please read Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines.
Setting up the Receiver Figure 5.1 5 SPSx50 receiver permanent installation Setting up a base station for daily site use: T-Bar For construction applications where a daily setup and takedown of equipment is required for security reasons, Trimble recommends that you use a T-Bar setup. The T-Bar consists of a post mounted in concrete (so it cannot move), which has a solid metal T-Bar mounted to it to provide lateral separation between the GPS antenna and radio antenna.
5 Setting up the Receiver Each day, mount the GPS antenna on the GPS end of the T-Bar and the radio antenna on the Radio end of the T-Bar. Connect the antennas to the receiver using the appropriate cables.The receiver uses its own integrated battery, or an external 12 V battery through the 12 V crocodile clips cable that are provided with the receiver.
Setting up the Receiver 5 height) to the right location on the antenna (base of antenna or to a specified location on the antenna). When you start the rover receiver, it is extremely important to check in, at one or more known locations, to check for possible position or height errors. Checking in at a known location is good practice and can avoid costly errors caused by a bad setup.
5 Setting up the Receiver Fixed height tripod setup A fixed height tripod setup is similar to a tripod setup, but is simplified by the central leg of the tripod, that is placed directly on the control point. If the central leg is leveled accurately, the fixed height tripod is quick and easy to set up, and provides an accurate way to measure the true antenna height. 1. Set up the tripod over the control point. 2. Attach the GPS antenna to the head of the tripod. 3.
Setting up the Receiver 5 Common ways to set up a rover receiver You can set up a rover receiver in different ways depending on the application. The components that make up a rover receiver are: • GPS receiver • GPS antenna • controller/computer • rod mounting equipment, including a rod, receiver bracket, and controller bracket • vehicle mounting equipment, including a suction cup and ball joint, extension arm, controller bracket, magnetic antenna mount, and necessary cables.
5 Setting up the Receiver 4. Attach the RAM extension arm to the suction cup, and the controller bracket to the RAM extension arm. 5. Lock the controller into the controller bracket and then adjust the bracket until the controller is in the most convenient location. Make sure that the controller does not restrict visibility through the front windscreen during vehicle use. 6. Lock the brackets so that the controller is held securely.
Setting up the Receiver 5 Setting up the rover receiver on a rod For rod-based operation, mount the SPSx50 Modular GPS receiver as follows: 1. Mount the two rod brackets on the rod. 2. Tighten the top bracket, making sure that it is at a convenient height for the receiver. 3. Place the receiver in the slot in the rod bracket, and secure with the tripod clip. 4. Move the lower rod bracket down until it is over the second tripod clip on the receiver, and then tighten the rod bracket onto the rod.
5 Setting up the Receiver P/N 53002007 P/N 32960 Cabled connections Figure 5.6 Bluetooth connections Connections for a rover SPSx80 setup, a TSC2 or TCU controller, and a 450 Mhz base station P/N 53002007 <> P/N 312888-02 P/N 32960 Figure 5.
Setting up the Receiver SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide 5 49
5 50 Setting up the Receiver SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide
CHAPTER 6 Configuring the Receiver Settings In this chapter: Q Using the SCS900 Site Controller software to configure the base station, the rover, and the radios Q Configuring the receiver to log data for postprocessing Q Configuring the receiver in real time Q Configuring the receiver using application files Q Creating and editing the configuration files that control the receiver 6 You can configure the SPS GPS receiver family in a variety of ways.
6 Configuring the Receiver Settings Using the SCS900 Site Controller software to configure the base station, the rover, and the radios As part of a total system solution for construction applications, the SPS GPS receivers are operated by a TSCe, ACU, TCU, or TSC2 controller running the SCS900 Site Controller software.
Configuring the Receiver Settings 6 Configuring the receiver to log data for postprocessing The SPS GPS receivers do not come equipped with the Data Logging option. The receivers can have this added either at the time of purchase, or at a later date as an option.
6 Configuring the Receiver Settings • Logging Rate • SV Enable/Disable • Output Message • Antenna • Device Control • Static/Kinematic • Input Message An application file does not have to contain all of these records. When you apply an application file, any option that is not included in the records in the file remains at its current setting.
Configuring the Receiver Settings • Position rate • Elevation mask 6 These parameters are always reset to the factory default values whenever the receiver is switched off. Power Up application file The power up application file (Power_up.cfg) is used to set the receiver to a specific configuration any time the unit is powered up. In this file, you can specify that the receiver is reset to defaults before the power up settings are applied.
6 Configuring the Receiver Settings Naming application files The application filename in the office computer and in the receiver are always the same. This makes it easier to recognize and keep track of your application files. When you change the name of the application file in the receiver, this changes the application filename on your computer. When you transfer an application file from the receiver and save it to the computer, the system renames the file to match the internal receiver file.
Configuring the Receiver Settings 6 Installing new versions of the Configuration Toolbox software into a directory containing a previous version overwrites the older program and data files. By default, application files located in the root installation folder, C:\TOOLBOX, are moved to the APPFILE\ subfolder. The installation program creates the subfolders shown in Table 6.1 within the installation folder. Table 6.1 Subfolders within the installation folder Subfolder Description bin\ Contains the Conf
6 Configuring the Receiver Settings Transmitting the application file to the receiver 1. Connect the data/power cable (part number 32345) to the receiver and the computer. 2. Connect the O-shell Lemo connector to the receiver port. 3. Connect the female DB9 connector to the computer. 4. Connect the power leads of the data/power cable to the power supply. 5. To open the application file you require, select File / Open. 6.
CHAPTER 7 AutoBase Feature In this chapter: Q Q Setting Up a Base Station Q Best practice Q Antenna type Scenarios Q Scenario One: Base station setup on first visit to a site Q Scenario Two: Base station setup on a repeat visit to that site Q Q Scenario Three: The stored base station position seems to be missing Flowchart showing the AutoBase process 7 The Trimble SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna features AutoBase™ technology, which provides the following advantages: • Reduced risk of a set
7 AutoBase Feature Setting Up a Base Station The AutoBase feature influences how you set up an SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna as a base station. Before the receiver can transmit RTK corrections (that is, operate as an RTK base station), the current position of the receiver must correspond to a previous base station position. The base station position—latitude, longitude, and height—must be part of the GPS site calibration. Note – There is no need to configure the base station receiver settings manually.
AutoBase Feature 7 Scenarios These scenarios describe what you may experience when using AutoBase technology. Note – The AutoBase Warning feature is always turned on in an SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna. Scenario One: Base station setup on first visit to a site • You set up the base station receiver on a point that you have not previously used as a base station with that receiver. 1. The receiver is powered on. 2. The receiver begins tracking satellites. 3.
7 AutoBase Feature C CAUTION – When you perform a future setup at the same location, the receiver assumes that there has been no change to either the antenna height or the antenna height measurement method used previously. It is therefore essential that you keep the antenna height constant between setups. If there is any risk that the antenna height might have changed, you must use the SCS900 Site Controller software to start (and so reset) the SPS880 Extreme Smart GPS antenna.
AutoBase Feature 7 Flowchart showing the AutoBase process Power on receiver Receiver looks for application files No Do application files exist? Yes AutoBase warning is displayed Use SCS900 to reset and restart the receiver or Change to the receiver that was previously used as the base station at this location No Any application file that corresponds with the current position? No Make corresponding application file active Figure 7.
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CHAPTER 8 Default Settings In this chapter: Q Default receiver settings Q Resetting the receiver to factory defaults Q Default behavior Q Power up settings Q Logging data 8 All SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna settings are stored in application files. The default application file, Default.cfg, is stored permanently in the receiver, and contains the factory default settings for the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna.
8 Default Settings Default receiver settings These settings are defined in the default application file.
Default Settings 8 Default behavior The factory defaults specified on page 66 are applied whenever you start the receiver. If a power up application file is present in the receiver, its settings are applied immediately after the default settings, so you can use a power up file to define your own set of defaults. The factory defaults are also applied when you perform a full reset of the receiver because resetting the receiver deletes the power up files.
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CHAPTER 9 Specifications In this chapter: Q General specifications Q Physical specifications Q Electrical specifications Q Communication specifications 9 This chapter details the specifications for the SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
9 Specifications General specifications Feature Specification Keyboard and display On/Off key for one button startup using AutoBase technology LED indicators For satellite tracking, radio link reception, and power monitoring Receiver type Fully integrated “Smart” GPS antenna Physical specifications Feature Specification Dimensions (LxWxH) 19 cm (7.5 in) x 10 cm (3.9 in) including connectors Weight 1.28 kg (2.88 lb) receiver only, with internal battery 3.70 kg (8.
Specifications Feature Specification WAAS differential positioning accuracy4 Typically <5 m (16.40 ft) 3D RMS Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning3 Horizontal Vertical Initialization time Regular RTK operation with base station RTK operation with Scalable GPS infrastructure Initialization reliability5 1 2 9 ±(10 mm + 1 ppm) RMS, ± (0.38 in +1 ppm) RMS ±(20 mm + 1 ppm) RMS, ± (0.78 in +1 ppm) RMS Single/Multi-base minimum 10 sec + 0.
9 Specifications Communication specifications Feature Specification Communications Port 1 (7-pin 0S Lemo) Port 2 (DSub 9-pin) Bluetooth 3-wire RS-232 Full RS-232 Fully integrated, fully sealed 2.4 GHz Bluetooth1 Integrated radios Fully integrated, fully sealed internal 450 MHz, TX, RX, or Tx/Rx2 Fully integrated, fully sealed internal 900 MHz, Rx3 450 MHz transmitter radio power output 0.
APPENDIX A NMEA-0183 Output In this appendix: Q NMEA-0183 message overview Q Common message elements Q NMEA messages A This appendix describes the formats of the subset of NMEA-0183 messages that are available for output by the receivers. For a copy of the NMEA-0183 Standard, go to the National Marine Electronics Association website at www.nmea.org.
A NMEA-0183 Output NMEA-0183 message overview When NMEA-0183 output is enabled, a subset of NMEA-0183 messages can be output to external instruments and equipment connected to the receiver serial ports. These NMEA-0183 messages let external devices use selected data collected or computed by the GPS receiver. All messages conform to the NMEA-0183 version 3.01 format. All begin with $ and end with a carriage return and a line feed. Data fields follow comma (,) delimiters and are variable in length.
NMEA-0183 Output A Common message elements Each message contains: • a message ID consisting of $GP followed by the message type. For example, the message ID of the GGA message is $GPGGA. • a comma • a number of fields, depending on the message type, separated by commas • an asterisk • a checksum value Below is an example of a simple message with a message ID ($GPGGA), followed by 13 fields and a checksum value: $GPGGA,172814.0,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,2,6,1.2,18.893,M,25.669,M,2.
A NMEA-0183 Output ADV Position and Satellite information for RTK network operations An example of the ADV message string is shown below. Table A.1 and Table A.2 describe the message fields. The messages alternate between subtype 110 and 120. $PGPPADV,110,39.88113582,-105.07838455,1614.125*1M Table A.
NMEA-0183 Output GGA A Time, Position, and Fix Related Data An example of the GGA message string is shown below. Table A.3 describes the message fields. $GPGGA,172814.0,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W, 2,6,1.2,18.893,M,-25.669,M,2.0,0031*4F Table A.
A NMEA-0183 Output GSA GPS DOP and active satellites An example of the GSA message string is shown below. Table A.4 describes the message fields. $GPGSA,<1>,<2>,<3>,<3>,,,,,<3>,<3>,<3>,<4>,<5>,<6>*<7> Table A.4 78 GSA message fields Field Meaning 0 message ID $GPGSA 1 Mode 1, M = manual, A = automatic 2 Mode 2, Fix type, 1 = not available, 2 = 2D, 3 = 3D 3 PRN number, 01 through 32, of satellite used in solution, up to 12 transmitted 4 PDOP-Position dilution of precision, 0.
NMEA-0183 Output GST A Position Error Statistics An example of the GST message string is shown below. Table A.5 describes the message fields. $GPGST,172814.0,0.006,0.023,0.020,273.6,0.023,0.020,0.031*6A Table A.
A NMEA-0183 Output GSV Satellite Information The GSV message string identifies the number of SVs in view, the PRN numbers, elevations, azimuths, and SNR values. An example of the GSV message string is shown below. Table A.6 describes the message fields. $GPGSV,4,1,13,02,02,213,,03,-3,000,,11,00,121,,14,13,172,05*67 Table A.
NMEA-0183 Output HDT A Heading from True North The HDT string is shown below, and Table A.7 describes the message fields. $GPHDT,123.456,T*00 Table A.
A NMEA-0183 Output PTNL,AVR Time, Yaw, Tilt, Range for Moving Baseline RTK The PTNL,AVR message string is shown below, and Table A.8 describes the message fields. $PTNL,AVR,181059.6,+149.4688,Yaw,+0.0134,Tilt,,,60.191,3,2.5,6*00 Table A.
NMEA-0183 Output A PTNL,GGK Time, Position, Position Type, DOP An example of the PTNL,GGK message string is shown below. Table A.9 describes the message fields. $PTNL,GGK,172814.00,071296,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,3,06,1.7,EHT6.777,M*48 Table A.
A NMEA-0183 Output PTNL,PJK Local Coordinate Position Output An example of the PTNL,PJK message string is shown below. Table A.10 describes the message fields. $PTNL,PJK,010717.00,081796,+732646.511,N,+1731051.091,E,1,05,2.7,EHT28.345,M*7C Table A.
NMEA-0183 Output A PTNL,VGK Vector Information An example of the PTNL,VGK message string is shown below. Table A.11 describes the message fields. $PTNL,VGK,160159.00,010997,-0000.161,00009.985,-0000.002,3,07,1,4,M*0B Table A.11 PTNL,VGK message fields Field Meaning 0 message ID $PTNL,VGK 1 UTC of vector in hhmmss.
A NMEA-0183 Output PTNL,VHD Heading Information An example of the PTNL,VHD message string is shown below. Table A.12 describes the message fields. $PTNL,VHD,030556.00,093098,187.718,-22.138,-76.929,5.015,0.033,0.006,3,07,2.4,M*22 Table A.12 86 PTNL,VHD message fields Field Meaning 0 message ID $PTNL,VHD 1 UTC of position in hhmmss.
NMEA-0183 Output RMC A Position, Velocity, and Time The RMC string is shown below, and Table A.13 describes the message fields. $GPRMC,123519,A,4807.038,N,01131.000,E,022.4,084.4,230394,003.1,W*6A Table A.
A NMEA-0183 Output ROT Rate and Direction of Turn The ROT string is shown below, and Table A.14 describes the message fields. $GPROT,35.6,A*4E Table A.
NMEA-0183 Output VTG A Track Made Good and Speed Over Ground An example of the VTG message string is shown below. Table A.15 describes the message fields. $GPVTG,,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K*4E Table A.
A NMEA-0183 Output ZDA UTC Day, Month, And Year, and Local Time Zone Offset An example of the ZDA message string is shown below. Table A.16 describes the message fields. $GPZDA,172809,12,07,1996,00,00*45 Table A.
APPENDIX B GSOF Messages In this appendix: Q Supported message types Q GSOF message definitions B This appendix provides information on the General Serial Output Format (GSOF) messages that the SPS GPS receivers support. GSOF messages are a Trimble proprietary format and can be used to send information such as position and status to a third-party device.
B GSOF Messages Supported message types This table summarizes the GSOF messages that are supported by the receiver, and shows the page that contains detailed information about each message.
GSOF Messages Table B.1 B Time (Type 1 record) Field Item Type Value Meaning 10 Position flags 2 Char See Table B.15 Reports second set of position attribute flag values 11 Initialized number Char 00h-FFh Increments with each initialization (modulo 256) LLH This message describes latitude, longitude, and height. It contains the following data: Table B.
B GSOF Messages ECEF DELTA This message describes the ECEF Delta position. It contains the following data: • Table B.4 Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed X, Y, Z deltas between the rover and base position, in meters.
GSOF Messages B Velocity This message provides velocity information. It contains the following data: Table B.6 • Horizontal velocity, in meters per second • Vertical velocity, in meters per second • Heading, in radians, referenced to WGS-84 True North Velocity (Type 8 record) Field Item 0 Type Value Meaning Output record type Char 08h Velocity data output record 1 Record length Char 0Dh Bytes in record 2 Velocity flags Char See Table B.
B GSOF Messages Table B.
GSOF Messages Table B.9 B SV brief (Type 13 record) Field Item Type Value Meaning The following bytes are repeated for Number of SVs PRN Char 01h-20h Pseudorandom number of satellites (1-32) SV Flags1 Char See Table B.18 First set of satellite status bits SV Flags2 Char See Table B.19 Second set of satellite status bits 1 Includes all tracked satellites, all satellites used in the position solution, and all satellites in view.
B GSOF Messages UTC This message describes current time information. It contains the following data: Table B.
GSOF Messages B Attitude This message provides attitude information relating to the vector between the Heading antenna and the Moving Base antenna. It contains the following data: Table B.
B GSOF Messages Flags Table B.14 Bit Meaning 0 New position 0: No. 1: Yes. 1 Clock fix calculated for current position 0: No. 1: Yes. 2 Horizontal coordinates calculated this position 0: No. 1: Yes. 3 Height calculated this position 0: No. 1: Yes. 4 Weighted position 0: No. 1: Yes. 5 Overdetermined position 0: No. 1: Yes. 6 Ionosphere-free position 0: No. 1: Yes. 7 Position uses filtered L1 pseudoranges 0: No. 1: Yes. Table B.
GSOF Messages Table B.16 Flags: Bit values Bit Meaning 0 Time information (week and millisecond of week) validity 0: Not valid 1: Valid 1 UTC offset validity 0: Not valid 1: Valid Table B.17 Velocity flags: Bit values Bit Meaning 0 Velocity data validity 0: Not valid 1: Valid 1 Velocity computation 0: Computed from doppler 1: Computed from consecutive measurements 2–7 Reserved (set to zero) Table B.18 SV flags: 1 bit values Bit Meaning 0 Satellite Above Horizon 0: No. 1: Yes.
B GSOF Messages Table B.20 Attitude flags Bit Meaning 0 Calibrated 0: No. 1: Yes. 1 Tilt valid 0: No. 1: Yes. 2 Yaw valid 0: No. 1: Yes. 3 Reserved 4 Range valid 0: No. 1: Yes. 5–7 Reserved Data collector report structure Table B.21 Bit Meaning 0 0: No position 1: Autonomous position 2: RTK/Float position 3: RTK/Fix position 4: DGPS position Table B.22 Report packet 40h structure Byte Item Type Value Meaning 0 STX CHAR 02h Start transmission. 1 STATUS CHAR See Table B.
APPENDIX C Adding Internal Radio Frequencies In this appendix: Q Adding receive frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio C If you have installed the optional internal 450 MHz radio in your GPS receiver, use the WinFlash utility to add the relevant receive frequencies to the default list of frequencies. To install the WinFlash utility, see Installing the WinFlash utility, page 140.
Adding Internal Radio Frequencies C Adding receive frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio 1. Start the WinFlash utility. The Device Configuration screen appears. 2. From the Device type list, select the appropriate receiver. 3. From the PC serial port field, select the serial (COM) port on the computer that the receiver is connected to. 4. Click Next. The Operation Selection dialog appears. The Operations list shows all of the supported operations for the selected device.
APPENDIX D Upgrading the Receiver Firmware In this appendix: Q The WinFlash utility Q Upgrading the receiver firmware D Your receiver is supplied with the latest version of receiver firmware installed. If a later version becomes available, upgrade the firmware installed on your receiver using the WinFlash utility. You can also upgrade the SPSx50 receiver through the web interface.
Upgrading the Receiver Firmware D The WinFlash utility The WinFlash utility communicates with Trimble products to perform various functions including: • installing software, firmware, and option upgrades • running diagnostics ( for example, retrieving configuration information) • configuring radios For more information, online help is also available when using the WinFlash utility. Note – The WinFlash utility runs on Microsoft Windows 95, 98, Windows NT®, 2000, Me, or XP operating systems.
Upgrading the Receiver Firmware D The Settings Review window appears. This screen prompts you to connect the receiver, suggests a connection method, and then lists the receiver configuration and selected operation. 7. If all is correct, click Finish. Based on the selections shown above, the Software Upgrade window appears and shows the status of the operation ( for example, Establishing communication with . Please wait.). 8. Click OK.
D 1 08 Upgrading the Receiver Firmware SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide
APPENDIX E Data Logging and Postprocessed Measurement Operations In this appendix: Q Connecting to the office computer Q Transferring files directly from a CompactFlash card Q Deleting files in the receiver Q Supported file types E By default, the SPS GPS receivers cannot log data unless you purchase the Data Logging option. For more information, see Configuring the receiver to log data for postprocessing, page 38.
Data Logging and Postprocessed Measurement Operations E Connecting to the office computer The SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna can communicate with the office computer using a serial connection from the DB9 connector on the receiver to a DB9 connector on the computer (see Figure E.1). To do this, use cable P/N 18532 that is supplied with the receiver. Before you connect to the office computer, ensure that the receiver battery is fully charged. Serial cable Serial (COM) port Figure E.
Data Logging and Postprocessed Measurement Operations E However, if you connect the CompactFlash card/USB memory device to your computer and then copy or move files to your computer, it treats the card like any other disk drive, and transfers the files without converting them. You need to convert these raw receiver files to DAT format files before you can use them on your office computer.
E 1 12 Data Logging and Postprocessed Measurement Operations SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide
APPENDIX F Troubleshooting In this appendix: Q LED conditions Q Receiver issues F Use this appendix to identify and solve common problems that may occur with the receiver. Please read this section before you contact technical support.
Troubleshooting F LED conditions The SPS770 GPS receiver and SPSx80 Smart GPS antenna have a simple display panel with LEDs to indicate the current status of the receiver. If you need more detailed information about what the receiver is doing, use a Trimble controller or laptop computer running the SCS900, GPS Configurator, or Configuration Toolbox software. The following section describes how the LED lights are used on the receiver to indicate current status.
Troubleshooting Issue Receiver does not log data. Possible cause Solution Faulty external power cable. • • F Try a different cable. Check pinouts with multimeter to ensure internal wiring is intact. Insufficient memory on either Delete old files using the GPS Configurator software, or press E internal memory or the CompactFlash card. for 30 seconds. No CompactFlash card is inserted. (SPS770 only) Insert a CompactFlash card in the receiver. The CompactFlash card is not seated properly.
Troubleshooting F Issue Possible cause Solution The receiver is not responding. Receiver needs a soft reset. Turn off the receiver and then turn it back on again. Receiver needs a full reset. Press E for 30 seconds. Note – To retain data files, remove the CompactFlash card (SPS770) or download the files (SPS780) first. Base station setup and static measurement problems This section describes some possible station setup and static measurement issues, possible causes, and how to solve them.
Troubleshooting F Issue Possible cause Solution Roving receiver is not receiving radio from the base station. The base station is not broadcasting. See Base station is not broadcasting. Incorrect over air baud rates between base station and rover. Connect to the roving receiver’s radio and make sure that it has the same setting as the base station receiver. Mismatched channel or network number selection. Match the base station and rover radio channels/network number and try again.
F 1 18 Troubleshooting SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide
Glossary almanac A file that contains orbit information on all the satellites, clock corrections, and atmospheric delay parameters. The almanac is transmitted by a GPS satellite to a GPS receiver, where it facilitates rapid acquisition of GPS signals when you start collecting data, or when you have lost track of satellites and are trying to regain GPS signals. The orbit information is a subset of the emphemeris / ephemerides data.
Glossary datum Also called geodetic datum. A mathematical model designed to best fit the geoid, defined by the relationship between an ellipsoid and, a point on the topographic surface, established as the origin of the datum. World geodetic datums are typically defined by the size and shape of an ellipsoid and the relationship between the center of the ellipsoid and the center of the earth.
Glossary epoch The measurement interval of a GPS receiver. The epoch varies according to the measurement type: for real-time measurement it is set at one second; for postprocessed measurement it can be set to a rate of between one second and one minute. For example, if data is measured every 15 seconds, loading data using 30-second epochs means loading every alternate measurement.
Glossary Position Dilution of Precision. PDOP is a DOP value that indicates the accuracy of three-dimensional measurements. Other DOP values include VDOP (vertical DOP) and HDOP (Horizontal Dilution of Precision). PDOP Using a maximum PDOP value is ideal for situations where both vertical and horizontal precision are important. postprocessing Postprocessing is the processing of satellite data after it has been collected, in order to eliminate error.
Glossary VRS Virtual Reference Station. A VRS system consists of GPS hardware, software, and communication links. It uses data from a network of base stations to provide corrections to each rover that are more accurate than corrections from a single base station. To start using VRS corrections, the rover sends its position to the VRS server. The VRS server uses the base station data to model systematic errors (such as ionospheric noise) at the rover position.
Glossary 1 24 SPSx80 Smart GPS Antenna User Guide
