Form No. 3367-302 Rev C TRX-16, TRX-20, and TRX-26 Trencher Model No. 22972—Serial No. 311000001 and Up Model No. 22972G—Serial No. 311000001 and Up Model No. 22973—Serial No. 311000001 and Up Model No. 22973G—Serial No. 311000001 and Up Model No. 22974—Serial No. 311000001 and Up To register your product or download an Operator's Manual or Parts Catalog at no charge, go to www.Toro.com.
This machine is designed to dig trenches in soil to bury cabling and piping for various applications. It is not intended to cut rock, wood, or any other material other than soil. WARNING CALIFORNIA Proposition 65 Warning This product contains a chemical or chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. The engine exhaust from this product contains chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.
Introduction Read this information carefully to learn how to operate and maintain your product properly and to avoid injury and product damage. You are responsible for operating the product properly and safely. You may contact Toro directly at www.Toro.com for product and accessory information, help finding a dealer, or to register your product.
Contents Replacing the Fuses (Models 22973 and 22974) ............................................................ 36 Drive System Maintenance ..................................... 36 Servicing the Tracks............................................ 36 Belt Maintenance.................................................... 39 Replacing the Pump Drive Belt ........................... 39 Controls System Maintenance................................. 39 Adjusting the Traction Control Alignment .....................
Safety • Use extra care when handling gasoline and other fuels. They are flammable and vapors are explosive. – Use only an approved container – Never remove the gas cap or add fuel with the engine running. Allow the engine to cool before refueling. Do not smoke. – Never refuel or drain the machine indoors. • Check that the operator presence controls, safety switches, and shields are attached and functioning properly. Do not operate unless they are functioning properly.
• Use only Toro-approved accessories. Accessories can change the stability and the operating characteristics of the machine. Warranty may be voided if used with unapproved accessories. • Ensure that the area is clear of other people before operating the machine. Stop the machine if anyone enters the area. • Never leave a running machine unattended. Always lower the boom, stop the engine, set the parking brake, and remove the key before leaving. • Never jerk the controls; use a steady motion.
Sound Pressure • Keep all parts in good working condition and all hardware tightened. Replace all worn or damaged decals. Model 22972 • Keep nuts and bolts tight. Keep equipment in good condition. This unit has a sound pressure level at the operator’s ear of 89 dBA, which includes an Uncertainty Value (K) of 1.0 dBA. • Never tamper with safety devices. • Keep the machine free of grass, leaves, or other debris build-up. Clean up oil or fuel spillage. Allow the machine to cool before storing.
Vibration Model 22972 Measured vibration level for right hand = 2.1 m/s2 Measured vibration level for left hand = 2.0 m/s2 Uncertainty Value (K) = 1.1 m/s2 Measured values were determined according to the procedures outlined in EN ISO 20643. Model 22973 Measured vibration level for right hand = 2.3 m/s2 Measured vibration level for left hand = 2.1 m/s2 Uncertainty Value (K) = 1.1 m/s2 Measured values were determined according to the procedures outlined in EN ISO 20643.
Slope Indicator G011841 Figure 3 This page may be copied for personal use. 1. To determine the maximum slope you can safely operate the machine on, refer to the Slope Operation section. Use the slope indicator to determine the degree of slope of hills before operating. Do not operate this machine on a slope greater than that specified in the Slope Operation section. Fold along the appropriate line to match the recommended slope. 2.
Safety and Instructional Decals Safety decals and instructions are easily visible to the operator and are located near any area of potential danger. Replace any decal that is damaged or lost. 115-1230 1. Warning—do not operate this machine unless you are trained. 2. Engine—stop 3. Engine—run 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Trencher chain—reverse Trencher chain—forward Trencher chain—off Engine throttle Fast Slow Choke On/Closed Off/Open 13.
5-1231 6. Explosion hazard; shock hazard—do not use machine near 1. Cutting/dismemberment hazard of bystanders, buried utility lines; contact the proper agencies before digging. trencher—keep bystanders a safe distance from the machine; do not operate the trencher chain while transporting the machine. 7. Boom elevation 2. Explosion hazard, fueling—stop the engine and extinguish all flames when fueling. 3. Tipping/crushing hazard—lower the trencher head when operating on slopes. 8. Lower the boom 4.
115-4020 1. Turn right 3. Reverse 2. Forward 4. Turn left 93-7814 1. Entanglement hazard, belt—stay away from moving parts. 100-4650 1. Crushing hazard of hand—keep bystanders a safe distance from the machine. 2. Crushing hazard of foot—keep bystanders a safe distance from the machine. 93-6686 1. Hydraulic oil 2. Read the Operator's Manual. 107-8495 1. Parking brake 93-9084 1. Lift point 2.
Battery Symbols Some or all of these symbols are on your battery 1. Explosion hazard 6. Keep bystanders a safe distance from the battery. 2. No fire, open flame, or smoking. 7. Wear eye protection; explosive gases can cause blindness and other injuries 3. Caustic liquid/chemical burn hazard 4. Wear eye protection 8. Battery acid can cause blindness or severe burns. 9. Flush eyes immediately with water and get medical help fast. 5. Read the Operator's Manual. 10. Contains lead; do not discard.
Setup Loose Parts Use the chart below to verify that all parts have been shipped. Procedure 1 2 3 Description Use Qty. Boom (sold separately) Chain (sold separately) 1 1 Install the boom and chain. No parts required – Check the fluid levels. No parts required – Charge the battery. 1 Installing the Boom and Chain Parts needed for this procedure: 1 Boom (sold separately) 1 Chain (sold separately) Procedure Figure 4 Important: There are several boom and chain size configurations available.
Product Overview 9. Loop the digging chain over the auger drive shaft and onto the drive sprocket, ensuring that the digging teeth point forward on the upper span. 10. Set the upper span of the chain into place on the trencher boom, then wrap the chain around the roller at the end of the boom. 11. Thread the adjustment bolt into the boom and turn it in until there is 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches (3.8 to 6.3 cm) of slack in the chain on the bottom span. 12.
Key Switch, Electric Start Models The key switch has three positions: off, run, and start. To start the engine, rotate the key to the start position. Release the key when engine starts and it will move automatically to the run position. To stop the engine, rotate the key to the off position. Figure 8 Throttle Lever Move the control forward to increase the engine speed and rearward to decrease speed. • To move rearward, move the traction control rearward (Figure 9).
Note: The farther you move the traction control in any direction, the faster the machine will move in that direction. Boom Elevation Lever To lower the boom, slowly move the lever forward (Figure 12). To raise the boom, slowly move the lever rearward (Figure 12). Figure 13 1. Boom elevation lever 2. Boom elevation lock Trencher Control Lever To dig with the trencher, rotate the lever rearward and pull it down to the reference bar (Figure 14, number 1). Figure 12 1. Lower the boom 2.
Parking Brake Lever Operation • To set the parking brake, pull the brake lever rearward and up (Figure 15). Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position. • To release the brake, pull the lever rearward and then down (Figure 15). Important: Before operating, check the fuel and oil level, and remove debris from the machine. Also, ensure that the area is clear of people and debris. You should also know and have marked the locations of all utility lines.
Filling the Fuel Tank DANGER 1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the boom, and stop the engine. 2. Remove the key and allow the engine to cool. 3. Clean around the fuel tank cap and remove it (Figure 16). In certain conditions during fueling, static electricity can be released causing a spark which can ignite the gasoline vapors. A fire or explosion from gasoline can burn you and others and can damage property.
5. Slide the dipstick fully into the dipstick tube without threading it into the filler neck (Figure 17). 6. Pull the dipstick out and look at the end. The oil should be between the Add and Full marks (Figure 17). 7. If the oil is below the Add mark, add 10w30 engine oil to the filler hole, checking the level frequently with the dipstick, until the oil level reaches the Full mark. 8. Replace the dipstick. Figure 19 Checking the Hydraulic Fluid Level 1. Filler neck cap Service Interval: Every 25 hours 2.
Starting and Stopping the Engine position for 2 to 5 minutes before moving the throttle to fast (rabbit). Note: If the outdoor temperature is below freezing, store the machine in a garage to keep it warmer and aid in starting. Starting the Engine 1. Move the throttle lever midway between Slow and Fast positions (Figure 20). 1 2 Stopping the Engine 3 1. Move the throttle lever to the Slow position (Figure 20). 2. Lower the boom (Figure 21). G007809 Figure 20 1. Throttle lever 3. Key 2.
Moving a Non-functioning Machine Note: If you move too fast, the trencher will stall. If it stalls, raise it slightly, slowly drive forward, or reverse the chain direction momentarily. Important: Do not tow or pull the machine without first opening the tow valves, or the hydraulic system will be damaged. 5. When finished, raise the boom out of the trench, then stop the trencher. 1. Stop the engine. Securing the Machine for Transport 2. Remove the bottom shield. 3.
Lifting the Machine Operating Tips You can lift the machine using the tie-down/lift loops as lift points (Figure 23 and Figure 24). • Clean the area of trash, branches and rocks before trenching to prevent equipment damage. • Always begin trenching with the slowest ground speed possible. Increase speed if conditions permit. If the chain speed slows down, reduce ground speed to keep the chain moving at its fastest rate. Do not spin the tracks while trenching.
Soil Type Recommended Chain Type Sandy Soil chain (re-configure with extra teeth for added digging speed; refer to your Authorized Service Dealer) Sandy Loam/Loam/Loamy Clay Wet, sticky clay Soil chain Hard soils: dry clay and compacted soils Combination chain Rocky soil/gravel Rock chain Soil chain 24
Maintenance Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position. Recommended Maintenance Schedule(s) Maintenance Service Interval Maintenance Procedure After the first 8 hours • Change the engine oil. After the first 50 hours • Check and adjust the track tension. Before each use or daily • • • • • • • Check the engine oil level. Grease the machine. (Grease immediately after every washing.) Check the engine oil level.
Premaintenance Procedures Installing the Cover Plate Before opening any of the covers, stop the engine, remove the key, and allow the engine to cool. 2. Slide the cover plate into place and secure it with the three bolts you loosened previously (Figure 26). 1. Lower the boom, stop the engine, and remove the key. Important: The fasteners on the covers of this machine are designed to remain on the cover after removal .
Lubrication Greasing the Machine Service Interval: Before each use or daily (Grease immediately after every washing.) Grease Type: General-purpose grease. 1. Lower the boom and stop the engine. Remove the key. Figure 30 2. Clean the grease fittings with a rag. 3. Connect a grease gun to each fitting (Figure 28 through Figure 31). 4. Pump grease into the fittings until grease begins to ooze out of the bearings (approximately 3 pumps). 5. Wipe up any excess grease.
Engine Maintenance Servicing the Air Cleaner (Models 22972 and 22973) Service Interval: Every 25 hours—Clean the foam air cleaner element. Every 50 hours—Check the paper air cleaner element. Every 200 hours/Yearly (whichever comes first)—Replace the paper air cleaner element. Figure 32 3. Pump grease into the fitting until grease comes out of the grease valve located next to the fitting. Inspect the foam and paper elements and replace them if they are damaged or excessively dirty. 4.
Servicing the Air Cleaner (Model 22974) Service Interval: Every 250 hours Servicing the Air Cleaner Cover and Body 1. Stop the engine and remove the key. 2. Check the air cleaner body for damage which could cause an air leak. Check the whole intake system for leaks, damage, or loose hose clamps. Replace or repair and damaged components. 3. Release the latches on the air cleaner and pull the air cleaner cover off of the air cleaner body (Figure 34). Figure 33 1. Cover 3. Paper element 2. Hose clamp 4.
3. Inspect the new filter(s) for damage by looking into the filter while shining a bright light on the outside of the filter. Holes in the filter will appear as bright spots. Inspect the element for tears, an oily film, or damage to the rubber seal. If the filter is damaged do not use it. 4. If you are replacing the safety filter, carefully slide the new filter into the filter body (Figure 34). Important: To prevent engine damage, always operate the engine with both air filters and cover installed. 5.
Changing the Oil 1. Start the engine and let it run five minutes. This warms the oil so it drains better. 2. Park the machine so that the drain side is slightly lower than the opposite side to ensure that the oil drains completely. 3. Lower the boom and set the parking brake. 4. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position. Figure 38 5. Place a pan below the drain hose. Rotate the oil drain valve to allow oil to drain (Figure 37). 1 1.
Important: Always replace the spark plug when it has worn electrodes, an oily film on it, or has cracks in the porcelain. 3. Check the gap between the center and side electrodes (Figure 40). Bend the side electrode (Figure 40) if the gap is not correct. Installing the Spark Plug 1. Install the spark plug and the metal washer. Ensure that the air gap is set correctly. 1 2. Tighten the spark plug to 16 ft-lb (22 N-m). Figure 39 3. Connect the wire to the spark plug (Figure 40). 1.
Fuel System Maintenance 7. Install the fuel line onto the fuel shut-off valve. Slide the hose clamp close to the valve to secure the fuel line. 8. Wipe up any spilled fuel. Draining the Fuel Tank Replacing the Fuel Filter DANGER Service Interval: Every 200 hours In certain conditions, gasoline is extremely flammable and highly explosive. A fire or explosion from gasoline can burn you and others and can damage property. • Drain gasoline from the fuel tank when the engine is cold.
Electrical System Maintenance WARNING Incorrect battery cable routing could damage the machine and cables causing sparks. Sparks can cause the battery gasses to explode, resulting in personal injury. Servicing the Battery (Models 22973 and 22974) • Always Disconnect the negative (black) battery cable before disconnecting the positive (red) cable. Service Interval: Every 25 hours—Check the battery electrolyte level.
Adding Water to the Battery 4. Slide the red terminal boot off the positive (red) battery terminal. Then remove the positive (red) battery cable (Figure 43). The best time to add distilled water to the battery is just before you operate the machine. This lets the water mix thoroughly with the electrolyte solution. 5. Remove the hold down plate, j-bolts, and locknuts securing the battery (Figure 43) and remove the battery. 1. Remove the battery from the machine; refer to Removing the Battery.
4. When the battery is fully charged, unplug the charger from the electrical outlet, then disconnect the charger leads from the battery posts (Figure 45). Drive System Maintenance 5. Install the battery onto the machine and connect the battery cables, refer to Installing the Battery. Servicing the Tracks Note: Do not run the machine with the battery disconnected, electrical damage may occur.
Replacing the Tracks the drive sprocket. The track should flex no more than 1/4 to 3/8 inch (0.6 to 1 cm). If it does, adjust the track tension using the following procedure: When the tracks are badly worn, replace them. 1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake. 2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position. 3. Lift/support the side of the unit to be worked on so that the track is 3 to 4 inches (7.6 to 10 cm) off of the ground. 4.
Checking and Greasing the Road Wheels Service Interval: Every 250 hours 1. Remove the tracks; refer to Replacing the Tracks. 2. Remove the snap ring and cap from a road wheel (Figure 52). Figure 51 1. Snap ring 4. Gasket 2. Cap 5. Wheel with bearings 3. Bolt Figure 52 8. When the track is off of the road wheel, remove it from the machine (Figure 50). 1. Road wheel 3. Snap ring 2. Road wheel cap 9.
Belt Maintenance Controls System Maintenance Replacing the Pump Drive Belt The factory adjusts the controls before shipping the machine. However, after many hours of use, you may need to adjust the traction control alignment, the neutral position of the traction control, and the tracking of the traction control in the full forward position. If the pump drive belt begins to squeal or is cracked, worn, or frayed, replace it. Contact you Authorized Service Dealer for a replacement belt. 1.
1 2 Figure 55 1. Traction control 1 2 2. Stem , bolt and nut 5. Adjust the traction control so that it rests flush against the reference bar when it is pulled straight back (Figure 55 and Figure 56). G011476 Figure 57 1. Traction rod 2. Jam nut E. Start the machine and set the throttle to about 1/3 open position. WARNING When the machine is running, you could be caught and injured in moving parts or burned on hot surfaces.
Adjusting the Traction Control Neutral Position Hydraulic System Maintenance If the machine creeps forward or backward when the traction control is in neutral and the unit is warm, the return-to-neutral mechanism on the pumps may need to be adjusted; contact you Authorized Service Dealer for repairs. Replacing the Hydraulic Filter Service Interval: Every 200 hours 1. Position machine on a level surface. 2. Lower the boom and set the parking brake.
• Toro Premium All Season Hydraulic Fluid (refer to your Authorized Toro Dealer for more information) • If either of the above Toro fluids are not available, you may use another Universal Tractor Hydraulic Fluid (UTHF), but they must be only conventional, petrolium-based products. The specifications must fall within the listed range for all of the following material properties and the fluid should meet the listed industry standards.
Trencher Maintenance Checking the Hydraulic Lines Service Interval: Every 100 hours—Check the hydraulic lines for leaks, loose fittings, kinked lines, loose mounting supports, wear, weather, and chemical deterioration and repair if necessary. Replacing the Digging Teeth Service Interval: Before each use or daily—Check the condition of the digging teeth and replace any that are worn or damaged. Every 1,500 hours/Every 2 years (whichever comes first)—Replace all moving hydraulic hoses.
B. Loosen the jam nut on the adjusting bolt in the boom. C. Loosen the adjusting bolt until you can remove the chain from the boom D. Remove the chain from the drive sprocket. E. If the chain needs replacing, remove the bolt and nut securing the spoils auger and remove the auger and chain. F. Remove the boom, flip it over so the bottom becomes the top (or if you have already flipped it once, replace it), and install the boom again. Figure 62 G. Replace the nuts, bolts, and washers securing the boom. 1.
Cleaning 16. Thread the adjustment bolt into the boom and turn it in until there is 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches (3.8 to 6.3 cm) of slack in the chain on the bottom span. Removing Debris from the Machine 17. Thread the jam nut down the adjusting bolt and tighten it securely against the boom. 18. Torque the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom to 135 to 165 ft-lb (183 to 223 N-m).
Storage 10. Place a rag over the spark plug hole to catch any oil spray, then use the starter or recoil handle to crank the engine and distribute the oil inside the cylinder. 1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake. 2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position. 3. Remove dirt and grime from the external parts of the entire machine, especially the engine.
Troubleshooting Problem Possible Cause Corrective Action The starter does not crank (models 22973 and 22974). 1. The battery is discharged. 1. Charge the battery or replace it. 2. The electrical connections are corroded or loose. 3. The relay or switch is damaged. 2. Check the electrical connections for good contact. 3. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer. The engine will not start, starts hard, or fails to keep running. 1. The fuel tank is empty. 1. Fill the fuel tank with gasoline. 2. 3. 4.
Problem The trencher does not dig fast enough Possible Cause Corrective Action 1. The digging teeth are worn. 1. Replace the digging teeth. 2. The chain you are using is not appropriate for the type of ground. 3. The hydraulic system is overheated. 4. The hydraulic system is obstructed, contaminated, or damaged. 2. Evaluate the ground type and change chains if necessary. 3. Shutdown and allow the system to cool. 4. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer.
Schematics Electrical Schematic—Model 22972 (Rev.
Electrical Schematic—Model 22973 (Rev.
Electrical Schematic—Model 22974 (Rev.
G021020 Hydraulic Schematic (Rev.
Notes: 53
Notes: 54
Notes: 55
Toro Compact Utility Equipment Warranty A One-Year Limited Warranty Conditions and Products Covered The Toro® Company and its affiliate, Toro Warranty Company, pursuant to an agreement between them, jointly warrant your Toro Compact Utility Equipment (“Product”) to be free from defects in materials or workmanship.
