Form No. 3430-324 Rev A TRX-16, TRX-20, and TRX-26 Trencher Model No. Model No. Model No. Model No. Model No. Register at www.Toro.com. Original Instructions (EN) 22972—Serial No. 404710000 and Up 22972G—Serial No. 404710000 and Up 22973—Serial No. 404710000 and Up 22973G—Serial No. 404710000 and Up 22974—Serial No.
Introduction This product complies with all relevant European directives; for details, please see the separate product specific Declaration of Conformity (DOC) sheet. This machine is designed to dig trenches in soil to bury cabling and piping for various applications. It is not intended to cut rock, wood, or any other material other than soil. Using this product for purposes other than its intended use could prove dangerous to you and bystanders.
Servicing the Spark Plug(s) .............................. 29 Fuel System Maintenance ................................... 30 Draining the Fuel Tank ...................................... 30 Replacing the Fuel Filter ................................... 31 Electrical System Maintenance ........................... 31 Electrical System Safety ................................... 31 Servicing the Battery......................................... 31 Replacing the Fuses (Models 22973 and 22974)......................
Safety • Keep bystanders and pets away from the machine. • Read and understand the content of this Operator’s Manual before starting the engine. DANGER • Never allow children or untrained people to There may be buried utility lines in the work area. Digging into them may cause a shock or an explosion. operate the machine. • Do not operate the machine without the guards and other safety protective devices in place and working on the machine.
decal93-9084 93-9084 1. Lift point/Tie-down point decal137-3873 137-3873 1. Read the Operator’s Manual. decal100-4650 100-4650 1. Crushing hazard of hand—keep bystanders away. 2. Crushing hazard of foot—keep bystanders away. decal107-8495 107-8495 1. Parking brake decal137-3874 137-3874 1. Read the Operator’s Manual.
decal115-4020 115-4020 1. Turn right 3. Reverse 2. Forward 4. Turn left decal99-9952 99-9952 1. Cutting hazard, chain and auger—stay away from moving parts and keep bystanders away from the machine. 2. Warning—shut off the engine and remove the key before preforming and maintenance or repairs. 3. Explosion and/or electric shock hazard—do not dig in areas with buried gas or power lines.
decal115-1230 115-1230 1. Warning—do not operate this machine unless you are trained. 2. Engine—shut off 3. Engine—run 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Trencher chain—reverse Trencher chain—forward Trencher chain—off Engine throttle Fast Slow Choke On/Closed Off/Open 13.
decal115-1231 115-1231 1. Cutting/dismemberment hazard, trencher—keep bystanders away; do not operate the trencher chain while transporting the machine. 2. Explosion hazard, fueling—shut off the engine and extinguish all flames when fueling. 6. Explosion hazard; electrical shock hazard—do not operate if power lines may be present; call your local utility company. 3. Tipping/crushing hazard—lower the trencher head when operating on slopes. 8. Lower the boom. 4.
Setup Loose Parts Use the chart below to verify that all parts have been shipped. Procedure 1 2 3 Description Use Qty. Boom (sold separately) Chain (sold separately) 1 1 Install the boom and chain. No parts required – Check the fluid levels. No parts required – Charge the battery (electric-start models only).
. Loop the digging chain over the auger drive shaft and onto the drive sprocket, ensuring that the digging teeth point forward on the upper span. 11. Set the upper span of the chain into place on the trencher boom, then wrap the chain around the roller at the end of the boom. 12. Thread the adjustment bolt into the boom and turn it in until there is 3.8 to 6.3 cm (1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches) of slack in the chain on the bottom span. 13.
Key Switch Product Overview Recoil-Start Machines The key switch has 2 positions: OFF and RUN. Refer to Starting the Engine (page 18). Electric-Start Machines The key switch has 3 positions: OFF, RUN, and START . Refer to Starting the Engine (page 18). Throttle Lever g015375 Move the control forward to increase the engine speed and rearward to decrease the engine speed. Figure 4 1. Control panel 4. Chain guard 7. Boom 2. Engine 5. Chain 3. Spoils auger 6. Digging teeth 8. Trencher head 9.
Traction Control • To turn right, rotate the traction control clockwise (Figure 9). g008128 g008131 Figure 6 Figure 9 1. Reference bar 2. Traction control • To turn left, rotate the traction control counterclockwise (Figure 10). • To move forward, move the traction control forward (Figure 7). g008132 Figure 10 g008129 • To stop the machine, release the traction control Figure 7 (Figure 6).
Boom-Elevation Lever Boom-Elevation Lock To lower the boom, slowly move the lever forward (Figure 11). The boom-elevation lock secures the boom-elevation lever so that you cannot push it forward. This helps to ensure that no one accidentally lowers the boom during maintenance. Secure the boom with the lock anytime you need to stop the machine with the boom raised. To raise the boom, slowly move the lever rearward (Figure 11).
Trencher Control Lever Specifications To dig with the trencher, rotate the lever rearward and pull it down to the reference bar (Figure 13, number 1). Note: Specifications and design are subject to change without notice. To reverse the trencher head, rotate the lever rearward, then move it left into the upper slot (Figure 13, number 2). Width If you release the lever, it will automatically return to the neutral position (Figure 13, number 3), stopping the chain. Length with 91.
Operation • Do not remove the fuel cap or fill the fuel tank Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position. • • Before Operation • Before Operation Safety • General Safety • Have the property or work area marked for buried • • lines and other objects, and do not dig in marked areas; note the location of unmarked objects and structures, such as underground storage tanks, wells, and septic systems. Inspect the area where you will use the equipment.
Filling the Fuel Tank Add the amount of fuel stabilizer/conditioner to fresh fuel as directed by the fuel-stabilizer manufacturer. 1. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake (if equipped), and lower the boom. 2. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and allow the engine to cool. 3. Clean around the fuel-tank cap and remove it (Figure 15). g247445 Figure 15 1. Fuel-tank cap 4.
During Operation • Never leave a running machine unattended. During Operation Safety General Safety • Keep your hands and feet away from moving • • • • • • • • • • • • teeth, chain, auger, or other parts. – Keep bystanders and pets away from the machine and never carry passengers. – Wear appropriate clothing including eye protection, long pants, substantial slip-resistant footwear, and hearing protection. – Tie back long hair and do not wear loose clothing or loose jewelry.
5. – Embankments – Bodies of water Important: Running the engine at high The machine could suddenly roll over if a track goes over the edge or the edge caves in. Maintain a safe distance between the machine and any hazard. speeds when the hydraulic system is cold (i.e., when the air temperature is at or below freezing) could damage the hydraulic system.
• If you need the finished trench to be cleaner CAUTION than what is possible with the trencher, you can purchase a crumber from your dealer. The crumber mounts onto the trencher head and scrapes the trench clean as you dig. A child or untrained bystander could attempt to operate the machine and be injured. • To improve the quality of trenches less than 61 cm Remove the key from the switch when leaving the machine, even if just for a few seconds. (24 inches) deep, use a 61 cm (24 inch) boom.
Securing the Machine for Transport After Operation After Operation Safety Important: Do not operate or drive the machine on roadways. Use care when loading or unloading the machine into a trailer or truck. • Park the machine on a level surface, disengage the trencher hydraulics, lower the boom, engage the parking brake, shut off the engine, and remove the key. Wait for all movement to stop and allow the machine to cool before adjusting, servicing, cleaning, or storing it.
Maintenance Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position. CAUTION If you leave the key in the key switch, someone could accidently start the engine and seriously injure you or other bystanders. Remove the key from the key switch and disconnect the wires from the spark plugs before you do any maintenance. Set the wires aside so that they do not accidentally contact the spark plugs.
Maintenance Service Interval Maintenance Procedure Every 200 hours • Replace the paper air-cleaner element (more often in dirty or dusty conditions)—Models 22972 and 22973 only. • Change the engine-oil filter. • Replace the fuel filter. • Replace the hydraulic filter. Every 250 hours • Replace the primary air filter and check the condition of the safety filter (more often in dirty or dusty conditions)—Model 22974 only. • Check and grease the road wheels. Every 400 hours • Change the hydraulic fluid.
Lubrication Removing the Bottom Shield Greasing the Machine Note: The fasteners on the covers of this machine are designed to remain on the cover after removal. Loosen all fasteners on each cover a few turns so that the cover is loose but still attached, then go back and loosen them until the cover comes free. This prevents you from accidentally stripping the bolts free of the retainers. Service Interval: Before each use or daily (Grease immediately after every washing.
Greasing the Trencher Housing Service Interval: Every 40 hours Grease Type: General-purpose grease. g007823 1. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and lower the boom. 2. Shut off the engine and remove the key. 3. Clean the trencher housing grease fitting with a rag and connect a grease gun to it (Figure 27). Figure 25 g008334 Figure 27 g007824 Figure 26 24 4. Pump grease into the fitting until grease comes out of the grease valve located next to the fitting. 5.
Engine Maintenance Engine Safety • Shut off the engine before checking the oil or adding oil to the crankcase. • Do not change the engine governor setting or overspeed the engine. • Keep your hands, feet, face, clothing, and other body parts away from the muffler and other hot surfaces. Servicing the Air Cleaner g012619 Figure 28 Models 22972 and 22973 Service Interval: Every 25 hours—Clean the foam air-cleaner element (more often in dirty or dusty conditions)—Models 22972 and 22973 only. 3.
Model 22974 Servicing the Primary Filter Service Interval: Every 250 hours—Replace the primary air filter and check the condition of the safety filter (more often in dirty or dusty conditions)—Model 22974 only. Inspect the primary filter for damage by looking into the filter while shining a bright light on the outside of the filter. Note: Holes in the filter appear as bright spots. If the filter is dirty, bent, or damaged, replace it. Do not clean the primary filter.
Checking the Engine-Oil Level Servicing the Engine Oil Service Interval: After the first 8 hours—Change the engine oil. Before each use or daily—Check the engine-oil level. 1. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake (if applicable), and lower the boom. 2. Shut off the engine and remove the key. Every 100 hours—Change the engine oil. Every 200 hours—Change the engine-oil filter. Note: Change the oil more frequently when the operating conditions are extremely dusty or sandy.
Changing the Engine Oil 1. Start the engine and let it run 5 minutes. This warms the oil so it drains better. 2. Park the machine so that the drain side is slightly lower than the opposite side to ensure that the oil drains completely. 3. Lower the boom and engage the parking brake. 4. Shut off the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position. 5. Place a pan below the drain hose.
Changing the Engine-Oil Filter Servicing the Spark Plug(s) 1. Drain the oil from the engine; refer to Changing the Engine Oil (page 28). Service Interval: Every 100 hours 2. Change the engine-oil filter (Figure 34). Make sure that the air gap between the center and side electrodes is correct before installing the spark plug(s). Use a spark plug wrench for removing and installing the spark plug(s) and a gapping tool/feeler gauge to check and adjust the air gap.
Checking the Spark Plug(s) Fuel System Maintenance Important: Do not clean the spark plug(s). Always replace the spark plug(s) when it has: a black coating, worn electrodes, an oily film, or cracks. DANGER In certain conditions, fuel is extremely flammable and highly explosive. A fire or explosion from fuel can burn you and others and can damage property. If you see light brown or gray on the insulator, the engine is operating properly.
Replacing the Fuel Filter Electrical System Maintenance Service Interval: Every 200 hours Never install a dirty filter if it is removed from the fuel line. Electrical System Safety Note: Note how the fuel filter is installed in order to • Disconnect the battery before repairing the install the new filter correctly. machine. Disconnect the negative terminal first and the positive last. Connect the positive terminal first and the negative last.
3. Lift the black rubber cover on the negative cable. Disconnect the negative battery cable from the negative (-) battery terminal (Figure 40). 1. Remove the battery from the machine; refer to Removing the Battery (page 31). 2. Charge the battery at a rate of 3 to 4 A for 4 to 8 hours (Figure 41). Do not overcharge the battery. g003792 Figure 41 1. Positive battery post 3. Red (+) charger lead 2. Negative battery post 4. Black (-) charger lead 3. g008335 Figure 40 1. Negative cable 7.
g000537 Figure 42 1. Vent caps Shut off the engine and remove the key. 3. Remove the battery from the machine; Removing the Battery (page 31). 4. Wash the entire case with a solution of baking soda and water. 5. Rinse the battery with clear water. 6. Coat the battery posts and cable connectors with Grafo 112X (skin-over) grease (Toro Part No. 505-47) or petroleum jelly to prevent corrosion. 7. Install the battery; refer to Installing the Battery (page 33). 3. Lower line 2. Upper line 4. 2.
Drive System Maintenance and the drive wheel. The track should flex no more than 0.6 to 1 cm (1/4 to 3/8 inch). If it does, adjust the track tension using the following procedure: Servicing the Tracks Cleaning the Tracks Service Interval: Before each use or daily Check the tracks for excessive wear and clean them periodically. If the tracks are worn, replace them. 1. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and lower the boom. 2. Shut off the engine and remove the key. 3.
Replacing the Tracks When the tracks are badly worn, replace them. 1. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and lower the boom. 2. Shut off the engine and remove the key. 3. Lift and support the side of the unit to be worked on so that the track is 7.6 to 10 cm (3 to 4 inches) off the ground. 4. Back out the tensioning bolt and jam nut (Figure 46). 5. Loosen the clamp bolts (Figure 46). 6. Push the front road wheel rearward as far as it can goes (Figure 47).
Checking and Greasing the Road Wheels Brake Maintenance Service Interval: Every 250 hours Testing the Parking Brake 1. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and lower the boom. 2. Shut off the engine and remove the key. 3. Remove the tracks; refer to Replacing the Tracks (page 35). 4. Remove the snap ring and cap from a road wheel (Figure 49). Service Interval: Before each use or daily g013416 Figure 49 1. Road wheel 3. Snap ring 2. Road wheel cap 5.
Belt Maintenance Controls System Maintenance Replacing the Pump-Drive Belt Adjusting the Traction-Control Alignment If the pump drive belt begins to squeal or is cracked, worn, or frayed, replace it. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer for a replacement belt. The factory adjusts the traction controls before shipping the machine.
g004191 Figure 52 1. Traction control 5. 2. Stem, bolt, and nut Adjust the traction control so that it rests flush against the reference bar when it is pulled straight back (Figure 52 and Figure 53). g011476 Figure 54 1. Traction rod E. 2. Jam nut Start the machine and set the throttle to about the 1/3 open position. WARNING When the machine is running, you could be caught and injured in moving parts or burned on hot surfaces. g004192 Figure 53 6.
Adjusting the Traction-Control Neutral Position Hydraulic System Maintenance If the machine creeps forward or backward when the traction control is in neutral and the machine is warm, you may need to adjust the return-to-neutral mechanism on the pumps; contact your Authorized Service Dealer.
Viscosity index, ASTM D2270 140 to 152 Pour Point, ASTM D97 -37 to -43°C (-35 to -46°F) Industry Standards API GL-4, AGCO Powerfluid 821 XL, Ford New Holland FNHA-2-C-201.00, Kubota UDT, John Deere J20C, Vickers 35VQ25 and Volvo WB-101/BM Note: Many hydraulic fluids are almost colorless, making it difficult to spot leaks. A red dye additive for the hydraulic system fluid is available in 20 ml (0.67 fl oz) bottles. One bottle is sufficient for 15 to 22 L (4 to 6 US gallons) of hydraulic fluid.
5. Install the replacement hydraulic filter and filler cap (Figure 58) and torque the bolt on top to 13 to 15.5 N∙m (110 to 140 in-lb). 6. Clean up any spilled fluid. 7. Install the top cover. Changing the Hydraulic Fluid Service Interval: Every 400 hours/Yearly (whichever comes first) 1. Park the machine on a level surface, engage the parking brake (if applicable), and lower the boom. 2. Shut off the engine and remove the key. 3. Allow the machine to cool completely. 4.
Trencher Maintenance Replacing the Digging Teeth Service Interval: Before each use or daily—Check the condition of the digging teeth and replace any that are worn or damaged. Due to the high amount of wear placed on the digging teeth, you will need to replace them periodically. g007841 Figure 60 1. Bolts 2. Jam nut 3. Adjusting bolt To replace a single tooth, remove the bolts securing the tooth to remove it, then install a new tooth in the same position.
12. 7. Tighten the jam nut. 8. Torque the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom to 183 to 223 N∙m (135 to 165 ft-lb). Slide the new sprocket onto the shaft (Figure 61). Important: The arrow on the sprocket face should be visible from the right side of the trench and should point in a clockwise direction; if not, turn the sprocket around. Replacing the Drive Sprocket Over time, the drive sprocket wears, especially when it is used in sandy or clay soils.
Cleaning Storage Removing Debris from the Machine Storage Safety • Shut off the engine, remove the key, wait for all moving parts to stop, and allow the machine to cool before storing it. Service Interval: After each use • Do not store the machine or fuel near flames. Important: Operating the engine with blocked screens, dirty or plugged cooling fins, and/or cooling shrouds removed will result in engine damage from overheating. 1.
Important: Do not store fuel containing stabilizer/conditioner longer than the duration recommended by the fuel-stabilizer manufacturer. 9. With the spark plug removed from the engine, pour 2 tablespoons of engine oil into the spark-plug hole. 10. Place a rag over the spark-plug hole to catch any oil spray, then use the starter or recoil handle to crank the engine and distribute the oil inside the cylinder. 11. Install the spark plug, but do not install the wire on the spark plug. 12.
Troubleshooting Problem The starter does not crank (electric-start machines only). The engine does not start, starts hard, or fails to keep running. The engine loses power. Possible Cause Corrective Action 1. The battery is discharged. 1. Charge the battery or replace it. 2. The electrical connections are corroded or loose. 3. The relay or switch is damaged. 2. Check the electrical connections for good contact. 3. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer. 1. The fuel tank is empty. 1.
Problem The trencher does not dig fast enough. Possible Cause Corrective Action 1. The digging teeth are worn. 1. Replace the digging teeth. 2. The chain you are using is not appropriate for the type of ground. 3. The hydraulic system is overheated. 2. Evaluate the ground type and change chains if necessary. 3. Shut down and allow the system to cool. 4. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer. 4. The hydraulic system is obstructed, contaminated, or damaged.
Schematics g015383 Electrical Schematic—Model 22972 (Rev.
g015384 Electrical Schematic—Model 22973 (Rev.
g015439 Electrical Schematic—Model 22974 (Rev.
g028603 Hydraulic Schematic (Rev.
Notes:
Notes:
Notes:
European Privacy Notice The Information Toro Collects Toro Warranty Company (Toro) respects your privacy. In order to process your warranty claim and contact you in the event of a product recall, we ask you to share certain personal information with us, either directly or through your local Toro company or dealer. The Toro warranty system is hosted on servers located within the United States where privacy law may not provide the same protection as applies in your country.
California Proposition 65 Warning Information What is this warning? You may see a product for sale that has a warning label like the following: WARNING: Cancer and Reproductive Harm—www.p65Warnings.ca.gov. What is Prop 65? Prop 65 applies to any company operating in California, selling products in California, or manufacturing products that may be sold in or brought into California.