Form No. 3362-759 Rev B TRX-15, TRX-19, and TRX-26 Trencher Model No. 22970—Serial No. 310000001 and Up Model No. 22970G—Serial No. 310000001 and Up Model No. 22971—Serial No. 310000001 and Up Model No. 22971G—Serial No. 310000001 and Up Model No. 22974—Serial No. 310000001 and Up To register your product or download an Operator's Manual or Parts Catalog at no charge, go to www.Toro.com.
Introduction This machine is designed to dig trenches in soil to bury cabling and piping for various applications. It is not intended to cut rock, wood, or any other material other than soil. Read this information carefully to learn how to operate and maintain your product properly and to avoid injury and product damage. You are responsible for operating the product properly and safely. Warning You may contact Toro directly at www.Toro.
Contents Replacing the Fuses (Models 22971 and 22974) ............................................................ 33 Drive System Maintenance ..................................... 34 Servicing the Tracks............................................ 34 Belt Maintenance.................................................... 36 Replacing the Pump Drive Belt ........................... 36 Controls System Maintenance................................. 37 Adjusting the Traction Control Alignment .....................
Safety • Inspect the area where the equipment is to be used and remove all objects such as rocks, toys, and wire which can be thrown by the machine. Improper use or maintenance by the operator or owner can result in injury. To reduce the potential for injury, comply with these safety instructions and always pay attention to the safety alert symbol , which means: Caution, Warning, or Danger—personal safety instruction. Failure to comply with the instruction may result in personal injury or death.
• Remove obstacles such as rocks, tree limbs, etc. from the work area. Watch for holes, ruts, or bumps, as uneven terrain could overturn the machine. Tall grass can hide obstacles. • Use care when loading or unloading the machine into a trailer or truck. • Use care when approaching blind corners, shrubs, trees, or other objects that may obscure vision. • Ensure that the area is clear of other people before operating the machine. Stop the machine if anyone enters the area.
Sound Pressure • Keep hands and feet away from moving parts. If possible, do not make adjustments with the engine running. • Keep all parts in good working condition and all hardware tightened. Replace all worn or damaged decals. • Keep nuts and bolts tight. Keep equipment in good condition. • Never tamper with safety devices. • Keep the machine free of grass, leaves, or other debris build-up. Clean up oil or fuel spillage. Allow the machine to cool before storing.
Measured values were determined according to the procedures outlined in EN ISO 20643.
Slope Indicator 8
Safety and Instructional Decals Safety decals and instructions are easily visible to the operator and are located near any area of potential danger. Replace any decal that is damaged or lost. 115-1230 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Warning—do not operate this machine unless you are trained.
115-1231 1. Cutting/dismemberment hazard of bystanders, trencher—keep bystanders a safe distance from the machine; do not operate the trencher chain while transporting the machine. 2. Explosion hazard, fueling—stop the engine and extinguish all flames when fueling. 3. Tipping/crushing hazard—lower the trencher head when operating on slopes. 4. Warning—stay away from moving parts; wait for all moving parts to stop 5.
107-8495 1. Parking brake 115-4020 1. Turn right 2. Forward 3. Reverse 4. Turn left Battery Symbols Some or all of these symbols are on your battery (electric start models only) 93-7814 1. Entanglement hazard, belt—stay away from moving parts. 1. Explosion hazard 2. No fire, open flame, or smoking. 3. Caustic liquid/chemical burn hazard 4. Wear eye protection 93-6686 1. Hydraulic oil 2. Read the Operator’s Manual. 5. Read the Operator’s Manual. 93-9084 1. Lift point 2. Tie-down point 100-4650 1.
Setup Loose Parts Use the chart below to verify that all parts have been shipped. Procedure 1 2 3 Description Use Qty. Boom (sold separately) Chain (sold separately) 1 1 Install the boom and chain. No parts required – Check the fluid levels. No parts required – Charge the battery. 1 Installing the Boom and Chain Parts needed for this procedure: 1 Boom (sold separately) 1 Chain (sold separately) Procedure Figure 3 Important: There are several boom and chain size configurations available.
Product Overview 9. Loop the digging chain over the auger drive shaft and onto the drive sprocket, ensuring that the digging teeth point forward on the upper span. 10. Set the upper span of the chain into place on the trencher boom, then wrap the chain around the roller at the end of the boom. 11. Thread the adjustment bolt into the boom and turn it in until there is 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches (3.8 to 6.3 cm) of slack in the chain on the bottom span. 12.
Key Switch, Electric Start Models • To move forward, move the traction control forward (Figure 7). The key switch has three positions: off, run, and start. To start the engine, rotate the key to the start position. Release the key when engine starts and it will move automatically to the run position. To stop the engine, rotate the key to the off position. Throttle Lever Move the control forward to increase the engine speed and rearward to decrease speed.
G008132 Figure 10 • To stop, release the traction control (Figure 6). Note: The farther you move the traction control in any direction, the faster the machine will move in that direction. Boom Elevation Lever Figure 12 To lower the boom, slowly move the lever forward (Figure 11). 1. Boom elevation lever To raise the boom, slowly move the lever rearward (Figure 11). 2.
Parking Brake Lever Operation • To set the parking brake, pull the brake lever rearward and up (Figure 14). Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position. • To release the brake, pull the lever rearward and then down (Figure 14). Important: Before operating, check the fuel and oil level, and remove debris from the machine. Also, ensure that the area is clear of people and debris. You should also know and have marked the locations of all utility lines.
chance of varnish deposits in the fuel system, use fuel stabilizer at all times. In certain conditions during fueling, static electricity can be released causing a spark which can ignite the gasoline vapors. A fire or explosion from gasoline can burn you and others and can damage property. Filling the Fuel Tank 1. Park the machine on a level surface, lower the boom, and stop the engine. 2. Remove the key and allow the engine to cool.
1 Figure 16 G007808 1. Oil filler hole 2. Oil dipstick 3. Full mark 4. Add mark Figure 17 1. Hydraulic fluid check bubble 4. Remove the dipstick and wipe the end clean (Figure 16). 4. Remove the cover plate; refer to Removing the Cover Plate. 5. Slide the dipstick fully into the dipstick tube without threading it into the filler neck (Figure 16). 5. Clean the area around the filler neck of the hydraulic tank and remove the cap and filter from the filler neck using a socket (Figure 18). 6.
Starting and Stopping the Engine period between attempts. Failure to follow these instructions can burn out the starter motor. 4. Gradually move the choke lever to the Off position (Figure 19). If the engine stalls or hesitates, engage the choke again until the engine warms up. Starting the Engine 1. Move the throttle lever midway between Slow and Fast positions (Figure 19). 2 1 5. Move the throttle lever to the desired setting (Figure 19).
Stopping the Machine 2. Pull the trencher control lever to the reference bar to engage the trencher. To stop the machine, release the traction control, move the throttle lever to slow (turtle), lower the boom to the ground, and stop the engine. Set the parking brake and remove the key. 3. Slowly lower the boom and chain into the ground. Note: To achieve the maximum depth, you may need to lower the boom as far into the ground as it will go with the chain running. Then, stop the chain and lower it fully.
Operating Tips • Clean the area of trash, branches and rocks before trenching to prevent equipment damage. • Always begin trenching with the slowest ground speed possible. Increase speed if conditions permit. If the chain speed slows down, reduce ground speed to keep the chain moving at its fastest rate. Do not spin the tracks while trenching. G007818 • Always use full throttle (maximum engine speed) when trenching. 1 Figure 24 • Always trench backwards (i.e., in reverse). 1.
Maintenance Note: Determine the left and right sides of the machine from the normal operating position. Recommended Maintenance Schedule(s) Maintenance Service Interval Maintenance Procedure After the first 8 hours • Change the engine oil. After the first 50 hours • Check and adjust the track tension. Before each use or daily • • • • • • • Check the engine oil level. Grease the machine. (Grease immediately after every washing.) Check the engine oil level.
Premaintenance Procedures Installing the Cover Plate Before opening any of the covers, stop the engine, remove the key, and allow the engine to cool. 2. Slide the cover plate into place and secure it with the three bolts you loosened previously (Figure 25). 1. Lower the boom, stop the engine, and remove the key. Important: The fasteners on the covers of this machine are designed to remain on the cover after removal .
Lubrication Greasing the Machine Service Interval: Before each use or daily (Grease immediately after every washing.) Grease Type: General-purpose grease. 1. Lower the boom and stop the engine. Remove the key. Figure 29 2. Clean the grease fittings with a rag. 3. Connect a grease gun to each fitting (Figure 27 through Figure 30). 4. Pump grease into the fittings until grease begins to ooze out of the bearings (approximately 3 pumps). 5. Wipe up any excess grease.
Engine Maintenance Servicing the Air Cleaner (Models 22970 and 22971) Service Interval: Every 25 hours—Clean the foam air cleaner element. (Models 22970 and 22971) Every 50 hours—Check the paper air cleaner element. (Models 22970 and 22971) Figure 31 Every 200 hours/Yearly (whichever comes first)—Replace the paper air cleaner element. (Models 22970 and 22971) 3. Pump grease into the fitting until grease comes out of the grease valve located next to the fitting. 4. Wipe up any excess grease.
2. Place the air cleaner assembly onto the air cleaner base and secure it with the 2 wing nuts (Figure 32). 3. Place the air cleaner cover into position and tighten the cover knob (Figure 32). Servicing the Air Cleaner (Model 22974) Service Interval: Every 250 hours Servicing the Air Cleaner Cover and Body 1. Stop the engine and remove the key. 2. Check the air cleaner body for damage which could cause an air leak. Check the whole intake system for leaks, damage, or loose hose clamps.
Important: Do not attempt to clean the primary filter. 2. Check the condition of the safety filter without removing it. If it is dirty or damaged, replace it. Important: Never attempt to clean the safety filter. 3. Inspect the new filter(s) for damage by looking into the filter while shining a bright light on the outside of the filter. Holes in the filter will appear as bright spots. Inspect the element for tears, an oily film, or damage to the rubber seal. If the filter is damaged do not use it.
Changing the Oil 1. Start the engine and let it run five minutes. This warms the oil so it drains better. 2. Park the machine so that the drain side is slightly lower than the opposite side to ensure that the oil drains completely. 3. Lower the boom and set the parking brake. 4. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position. Figure 37 1. Oil filter 5. Place a pan below the drain hose.
Important: Always replace the spark plug when it has worn electrodes, an oily film on it, or has cracks in the porcelain. 3. Check the gap between the center and side electrodes (Figure 39). Bend the side electrode (Figure 39) if the gap is not correct. Installing the Spark Plug 1. Install the spark plug and the metal washer. Ensure that the air gap is set correctly. 1 2. Tighten the spark plug to 16 ft-lb (22 N-m). Figure 38 3. Connect the wire to the spark plug (Figure 39). 1.
Fuel System Maintenance Note: Now is the best time to install a new fuel filter because the fuel tank is empty. Refer to Replacing the Fuel Filter. 7. Install the fuel line onto the fuel shut-off valve. Slide the hose clamp close to the valve to secure the fuel line. 8. Wipe up any spilled fuel. Draining the Fuel Tank Replacing the Fuel Filter In certain conditions, gasoline is extremely flammable and highly explosive. A fire or explosion from gasoline can burn you and others and can damage property.
Removing the Battery Electrical System Maintenance Battery terminals or metal tools could short against metal machine components causing sparks. Sparks can cause the battery gasses to explode, resulting in personal injury. Servicing the Battery (Models 22971 and 22974) Service Interval: Every 25 hours—Check the battery electrolyte level. • When removing or installing the battery, do not allow the battery terminals to touch any metal parts of the machine. Always keep the battery clean and fully charged.
Checking the Battery Electrolyte Level Battery electrolyte contains sulfuric acid which is a deadly poison and causes severe burns. • Do not drink electrolyte and avoid contact with skin, eyes or clothing. Wear safety glasses to shield your eyes and rubber gloves to protect your hands. • Fill the battery where clean water is always available for flushing the skin. 1. Look at the side of the battery. The electrolyte must be up to the upper line (Figure 43).
Replacing the Fuses (Models 22971 and 22974) 5. Wait five to ten minutes after filling the battery cells. Add distilled water, if necessary, until the electrolyte level is up to the Upper line (Figure 43) on the battery case. There are 4 fuses in the electrical system. They are under the control panel on the left side (Figure 45). 6. Install the battery vent caps.
Drive System Maintenance the drive sprocket. The track should flex no more than 1/4 to 3/8 inch (0.6 to 1 cm). If it does, adjust the track tension using the following procedure: Servicing the Tracks Cleaning the Tracks Service Interval: Before each use or daily Check the tracks for excessive wear and clean them periodically. If the tracks are worn, replace them. 1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake. 2.
Replacing the Tracks When the tracks are badly worn, replace them. 1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake. 2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position. 3. Lift/support the side of the unit to be worked on so that the track is 3 to 4 inches (7.6 to 10 cm) off of the ground. 4. Back out the tensioning bolt and jam nut (Figure 48). Figure 50 5. Loosen the clamp bolts (Figure 48). 1. Snap ring 2. Cap 3. Bolt 6.
Checking and Greasing the Road Wheels Belt Maintenance Service Interval: Every 250 hours Replacing the Pump Drive Belt 1. Remove the tracks; refer to Replacing the Tracks. If the pump drive belt begins to squeal or is cracked, worn, or frayed, replace it. Contact you Authorized Service Dealer for a replacement belt. 1. Raise the boom and set the parking brake. 2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position. 3.
Controls System Maintenance The factory adjusts the controls before shipping the machine. However, after many hours of use, you may need to adjust the traction control alignment, the neutral position of the traction control, and the tracking of the traction control in the full forward position. Figure 54 Important: To adjust the controls properly, complete each procedure in the order listed. 1. Traction control 2. Stem , bolt and nut 5.
Adjusting the Traction Control Neutral Position 1 If the machine creeps forward or backward when the traction control is in neutral and the unit is warm, the return-to-neutral mechanism on the pumps may need to be adjusted; contact you Authorized Service Dealer for repairs. 2 1 Adjusting the Tracking of the Traction Control, Full Forward Position 2 G011476 Figure 56 1.
Hydraulic System Maintenance 7. Place a drain pan capable of hold 10 US Gallons (37.8 l) under the hydraulic tank. 8. Pinch the hose clamp and slide the clamp and hose off of the fitting on the hydraulic tank, allowing the hydraulic fluid to drain from the hose and tank into the pan. Replacing the Hydraulic Filter Service Interval: Every 200 hours 1. Position machine on a level surface. 2. Lower the boom and set the parking brake. 3.
15. Check the hydraulic fluid level and top it off if necessary; refer to Checking Hydraulic Fluid. Trencher Maintenance 16. Clean up any spilled fluid. Replacing the Digging Teeth 17. Install the top cover. Service Interval: Before each use or daily—Check the condition of the digging teeth and replace any that are worn or damaged. Checking the Hydraulic Lines Due to the high amount of wear placed on the digging teeth, you will need to replace them periodically.
B. Loosen the jam nut on the adjusting bolt in the boom. C. Loosen the adjusting bolt until you can remove the chain from the boom D. Remove the chain from the drive sprocket. E. If the chain needs replacing, remove the bolt and nut securing the spoils auger and remove the auger and chain. F. Remove the boom, flip it over so the bottom becomes the top (or if you have already flipped it once, replace it), and install the boom again. Figure 61 G. Replace the nuts, bolts, and washers securing the boom. 1.
Cleaning 16. Thread the adjustment bolt into the boom and turn it in until there is 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 inches (3.8 to 6.3 cm) of slack in the chain on the bottom span. Removing Debris from the Machine 17. Thread the jam nut down the adjusting bolt and tighten it securely against the boom. 18. Torque the 2 bolts and nuts securing the boom to 135 to 165 ft-lb (183 to 223 N-m).
Storage 10. Place a rag over the spark plug hole to catch any oil spray, then use the starter or recoil handle to crank the engine and distribute the oil inside the cylinder. 1. Lower the boom and set the parking brake. 2. Stop the engine, remove the key, and wait for all moving parts to stop before leaving the operating position. 3. Remove dirt and grime from the external parts of the entire machine, especially the engine.
Troubleshooting Problem Possible Cause Corrective Action The starter does not crank (models 22971 and 22974). 1. The battery is discharged. 1. Charge the battery or replace it. 2. The electrical connections are corroded or loose. 3. The relay or switch is damaged. 2. Check the electrical connections for good contact. 3. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer. The engine will not start, starts hard, or fails to keep running. 1. The fuel tank is empty. 1. Fill the fuel tank with gasoline. 2. 3. 4.
Problem The trencher does not dig fast enough Possible Cause Corrective Action 1. The digging teeth are worn. 1. Replace the digging teeth. 2. The chain you are using is not appropriate for the type of ground. 3. The hydraulic system is overheated. 4. The hydraulic system is obstructed, contaminated, or damaged. 2. Evaluate the ground type and change chains if necessary. 3. Shutdown and allow the system to cool. 4. Contact your Authorized Service Dealer.
Schematics Electrical Schematic—Model 22970 (Rev. A) Electrical Schematic—Model 22971 (Rev.
Electrical Schematic—Model 22974 (Rev.
51/25 X 254 TRENCHER LIFT B (REAR) M1 A (FRONT) 13 DRIVE A A L B1 A1 B2 A2 R M2 T P 13 X 1 POR T B POR T A 10 13 X 1 P3 P2 19 RV1 10 10 19 10 20 um 25 S P1 10 P 16 G008330 Hydraulic Schematic—Model 22970 (Rev.
51/25 X 254 TRENCHER LIFT B (REAR) M1 A (FRONT) 13 DRIVE A A L B1 A1 B2 A2 R M2 T P 13 X 1 POR T B POR T A 10 13 X 1 P3 P2 19 RV1 10 10 19 10 20 um 25 S P1 10 P 16 G008331 Hydraulic Schematic—Model 22971 and 22974 (Rev.
Notes: 50
Notes: 51
Toro Compact Utility Equipment Warranty CUE Products A One-Year Limited Warranty Conditions and Products Covered The Toro® Company and its affiliate, Toro Warranty Company, pursuant to an agreement between them, jointly warrant your Toro Compact Utility Equipment (“Product”) to be free from defects in materials or workmanship.
