User's Manual Part 2

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Exciter Configuration Description - 55 -

Affinity LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter

Product Manual

10.1.3 General Description

Sirius is a digital TV transmitter Signal Processing Unit sub-assembly that receives an MPEG-2

data stream, and transmits a pre-corrected DVB-H RF signal to the pre-amplifier and power

amplifier. The pre-amplifier is required for high power transmitters.

10.1.4 Main Features

Channel Modulation: The DVB-H channel modulator utilizes a very similar hardware platform

to the ATSC and DRM architectures.

Linear and Non linear pre-correction: by way of an integrated Digital Pre-corrector, a Linear

Equalizer enables correction of the linear distortions caused by the cavities, filters, and antenna

combiner following the HPA power amplifier.

Clipping: allows the reduction of the signal peak-to-average ratio at a programmable value, and

the associated digital filter of the shoulders. This allows a significant reduction of the Back-Off in

the HPA depending on the allowed quality degradation of the signal in terms of END or EVM.

UHF IV/V: A synthesizer generates the output frequency.

Internal air-cooling: Provides adequate cooling to ensure proper operation across specified

temperature range.

Summary of content (60 pages)

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Exciter Configuration Description - 55 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 10.1.3 General Description Sirius is a digital TV transmitter Signal Processing Unit sub-assembly that receives an MPEG-2 data stream, and transmits a pre-corrected DVB-H RF signal to the pre-amplifier and power amplifier. The pre-amplifier is required for high power transmitters. 10.1.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 56 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 10.1.5 Sirius Subassembly Description The Sirius DVB-H Exciter is housed in a “19” 2U EIA rack unit and is populated with the following assemblies: A- LED board B- TS board B1- Enhanced QoS measurement board B2- IF Filter board B3- UHF transmitter board C- Digital board D- AC Transformer E- Power Supply F- Synthesizer G- PC Slot H- GPS Receiver 10.1.5.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 57 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual x Transport Stream Identification x Data Randomization x Reed-Solomon Encoding x Data Interleaving x Trellis Coding x Grey mapping x FFT x Pilot Insertion x Guard interval insertion The main objective of the Digital Board is to generate an output complex signal in the form of parallel I and Q digital signals.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 58 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual The proprietary clipping function limits the magnitude of the vector above a given threshold. The magnitudes higher than the threshold are replaced by the threshold complex value. This allows for a better quality output signal at a lower back-off compared to other transmitters. The non-linear automatic precorrection function computes the best shoulder level at the output of the transmitter.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 59 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual DAPTM and converts them to an analog on-channel RF signal. An internal synthesizer controls the conversion frequency. The RF local oscillator is always locked by means of a very precise internal 10 MHz Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator (OCXO). It can also be locked to an external 10 MHz frequency reference.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 60 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual also provides a second fixed LO frequency of 1GHz; this is used to upconvert the UHF channel frequency in double conversion microwave applications.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 61 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual The synthesizer sub-module design combines Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS), and Phase Lock Loop (PLL) technology to allow for wideband, low resolution, and low phase noise performance. Combining a DDS with a PLL in an RF synthesizer allows frequency resolution and controllability of the DDS while maintaining the frequency range of the PLL system.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 62 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual The Synthesizer Menu System: The synthesizer is equipped with a menu system that can be accessed via the RS232 port located on the front panel. Any terminal application can be used. A serial interface cable (consult cable drawing 47267081-040 for construction details) is connected from the front panel RS-232 RJ11 connector to an available serial communication port on a PC (set to 9600baud).
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Exciter Configuration Description - 63 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual NOTE: Use the commands in the same way you invoke the status screen; type “:” then the appropriate letter for the desired command followed by a carriage return. Command functions (front port only): :? Show Status To get current module status, type “:”; then “?”; then press enter.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 64 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual :R Reset Synthesizer To reset the module, type “:”; capital “R” then press enter. This performs a software reset, be aware that invoking reset will force a temporary mute of the output. :E Set Frequency To set frequency, type “:”; capital E then 10 digit frequency ex: 0500000000; then press enter Use this command to change the frequency of operation.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 65 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual The rear panel RS232 communication port operates at 1200baud, and can be interfaced via any terminal application. This port is limited to changing the output frequency. Selection of the output frequency is made by using a proprietary protocol that sends a 10 digit ASCII character string across the rear panel serial bus at a transfer rate of 1200baud, No parity, 1 stop bit.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 66 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual DC Power Requirements / Synthesizer Specifications The module requires a single 12VDC source entering on pin B10 of the 60-pin DIN connector. Parameter Voltages / Currents Specification Comments / Notes +12 VDC r.5 @ 850mA max. w/o internal reference +12 VDC r.5 @ 1.5A max. w/ internal reference Ripple <1mV Pk-Pk Allowable on external source Connector DIN41612 type M connector.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 67 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual RF output specifications UHF Band430-900MHz Parameters Frequency Tuning Range Tuning Step Size Coarse Fine Specifications 430-900MHz Covers UHF Band N/A 1Hz Non-Harmonic Spurious 100Hz < ƒoffset < 10MHz, 65dBc beyond 10MHz < 65dBc SSB Phase Noise (typical) d65 dBc/Hz @ 10Hz offset See UHF mask for guaranteed limits Comments / Notes d85 dBc/Hz @ 100Hz offset d90 dBc/Hz @ 1kHz offset d104 dBc/Hz @ 10kHz offse
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Exciter Configuration Description - 68 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual General Parameters Specifications Power Level Main output Sample output Comments / Notes No ALC +12dBm, r2dB -7dBm, r3dB Power Level (muted) Main output Sample output <-25dBm Time to mute <2ms <-43dBm Hardware controlled Frequency settling time After switch on <1s After last character is received in a channel change event <700ms Stability Based on frequency reference; 10-9 to Allan variance Harmonics
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Exciter Configuration Description - 69 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Alarms / Indicators / Adjustments / Controls Alarms/ Indicators/Adjustments/Controls Parameters Specifications Comments / Notes DC PWR Presence Indicator Green LED, ON= +12VDC power present; trips when + 12 VDC signal is absent Visible via front panel Frequency reference Indicator Red LED, ON = External Frequency reference fault; trips when signal < 5dBm; normally unlit Visible via front panel Level Indicato
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Exciter Configuration Description - 70 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Environmental Environmental Parameters Specifications Operating Temperature -10qC to 50qC Storage Temperature -20qC to 70qC Specified Temperature Range 0q to +50qC Cooling Natural convection Relative Humidity 0 to 95% non-condensing Comments / Notes Frequency stability and functionality guaranteed All specified parameters guaranteed NOTE: Under normal operation Sirius handles all interfacing with the onb
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Exciter Configuration Description - 71 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 10.1.6 Exciter Rack The frame of the exciter includes two complementary devices: x Exciter Front Panel Assembly x PC Card Slot Assembly (optional) used to house a memory board capable of saving exciter parameters.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 72 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 10.1.7 Exciter Connectivity Located at the backside of the exciter are the interconnection points used by the operator to control the driver function in the transmitter.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 73 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Right side of Rack K- Cooling L- Synthesizer 1GHz LO output M- Cooling N- 0 dBm with 45dB shoulder RF output (without precorrection) O- Feedback RF input (-15dBm+/-5dB) for linear and no linear automatic correction.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 74 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 10.1.8 General Characteristics of Exciter Transmission Characteristics Emission Standard: DVB-H Norm: ETS 300-744 v1.3.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 75 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 10.1.9 Input/Output Characteristics Input Characteristics TS Input DVB-H version Dual A and B ASI inputs Auto, manual, remote switchable for TS securization OR HP and LP inputs for hierarchical mode - Standard MPEG 2 TS - Format: TM 1449: 8 bits/10 bits encoded - Max. level 800 m Vpp - Min.
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Exciter Configuration Description - 76 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual - Frequency 1pps - Active Edge choice for leading or falling edge - Connector BNC female - Impedance 50 : Input for non linear correction (feedback) - Input level: -26 < N < -20 dBm - Connector BNC female - Impedance 50 ohms - Return Loss >15 dB AGC Input - Average detected voltage: 1 < N < 2,5V - - Connector BNC female - Impedance > 3 K ohms - Range: 10 dB - Rise time and fall time < 1s - S
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Exciter Configuration Description - 77 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual - Phase noise compliant with Validate mask Intrinsic In Band Output signal quality Modulation shall be generated digitally - Global MER (DVB-H) t 36 dB - MER per carrier (DVB-H): t 33 dB - EVM on each carrier: < 1% - Central carrier rejection 60 dB under the DVB-H power or t 30 dB under the central pilot amplitude - BER before Viterbi (DVB-H) d 1 10-6 - END d 0.1 dB - In Band spectrum flatness dr 0.
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Driver Section - 78 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11 Driver Section Description The Driver Section up-converts and pre-amplifies the IF input signal from the modulator to the levels required to excite subsequent stages. The Power Supply Plug-in Module and the Upconverter Module sub-assemblies make up the Driver Section. These sub-assembly modules are accessible through detachable covers.
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Driver Section - 79 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Power Supply Plug-In Module Upconverter Module 11.1 Power Supply Plug-In Module The Power Supply Plug-In Module provides the required DC voltage levels for the various transmitting system assemblies. The Front-End DC Power Supply Module provides the 48VDC source required for the operation of the Power Supply Plug-In Module.
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Driver Section - 80 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual supply section, the output voltage will shut down when commanded by the microcontroller. The output of this power supply section is only used to power the remote interface circuitry on the user interface module in the exciter. +8VDC: A linear regulator provides the +8VDC from the +12VDC power supply section. This regulator is filtered to clean any AC component coupled across/induced from the regulator.
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Driver Section - 81 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual The input buffers for the current sampling provides the voltage samples. Dividing resistors scale down the buffer outputs. This provides a sample voltage to the analog-to-digital converters that is mid-range between 0 and 5 volts. All of the power supply sections operate in a similar manner.
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Driver Section - 82 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11.1.1 Power Supply Plug-In Module Specifications Parameter Specification Notes Input Input voltage 48VDC Input current 4 amps, maximum Peak inrush current 6 amps Efficiency 85% typical Low line @ full rated power Full load Output Output voltage Main Output 12VDC ± .5 +8VDC ± .5 All voltages are fixed +24VDC ± .5 -12VDC ± .5 Output current Main Output +12V @ 3.
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Driver Section - 83 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Power input interlock All voltage outputs are disabled when a negative supply is overloaded to prevent damage to equipment. Internal Fuse (F1) Thales P/N 750082-01 Power Supply Plug-In Module Specifications (cont.
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Driver Section Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual - 84 -
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Driver Section Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual - 85 -
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Driver Section - 86 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11.1.2 Power Supply Module Front and Rear Panel Descriptions Thumbscrews: This hardware secures the module to the sub-chassis and provides a reliable ground connection. Loosen to remove the module for replacement or repair. Fan: An 18-CFM VDC fan used for plug-in module cooling. Communication Port: The RS-232 serial communication port is used for setup and diagnostics.
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Driver Section Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Network Transition Card The power supply module, like all modules within the Affinity chassis and Ancillary rack, are networked through an RS-485 network. This Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is housed within the Power Supply plug-in module, (only specific versions) in systems where network management is located outside of the plug-in module.
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Driver Section - 88 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11.2 Upconverter Module The Upconverter Module is a plug-in assembly mounted within the Driver Section of the Affinity®. The basic function of the Upconverter Module is to convert and amplify the exciter output to the proper power level required to drive the subsequent final amplification stage. To accomplish this, the appropriate level IF signal, local oscillator signal(s), and power supply voltages must be present on this plug-in.
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Driver Section - 89 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual UHF – IF Upconverter sub-module The UHF– IF Upconverter sub-module is responsible for amplifying, filtering, and in conjunction with the second LO which enters the rear of the module, upconverting the UHF input signal.
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Driver Section - 90 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Intermediate Power Amplifier (IPA) sub-module After exiting the ALC module the signal is amplified by 13 dB by the IPA. The IPA Sub-Module contains a temperature sensing circuit that outputs to the MCU, via the Distribution board, voltage levels that are proportional to the temperature of the upconverter plug-in. The final RF signal exits the rear of the upconverter plug-in.
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Driver Section - 91 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual The Front panel PCB has a serial port that can be used for testing, adjusting or controlling most of the plug-in functions. A personal computer and application program is required to accomplish this task. The front panel keyboard and display board provide a user interface capable of controlling a limited number of functions inside the Upconverter, and for the presentation of a series of measurements in the LCD display.
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Driver Section Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Upconverter Module Architecture - 92 -
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Driver Section - 93 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11.2.1 Upconverter Plug-In Module Specifications Parameter Specification Test Conditions/Notes IF Input Digital Average Input Power -15dBm ±3 dB Input Frequency 672.5MHz Connector/Impedance Blind Mate/50ȍ 2²³-1 PN data sequence (at transmitter output) Mates with floating back-plane connector RF Output Digital Average Output Power 20mW to 200mW Output Frequency 1672.5 MHz Frequency Response ±0.25 dB Function of A.L.C.
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Driver Section - 94 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Front Panel Samples Sample Name nd Coupling Factor 2 IF Sample -45+/ -2 dB Front Panel access through an SMA 501 Female Connector Loaded with 501 termination when not is use RF Sample 470 MHz -30+/-4 dB Front Panel access through an SMA 501 termination when not in use 860 MHz DC Power Requirements Voltages/Current +12VDC .5 @ 2.8A max +8VDC .5 @ 1.0A max -12VDC .
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Driver Section - 95 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Parameter Specification Input Level Control RS-232 interface Frequency Response (low side) Control RS-232 interface Frequency Response (high side) Control RS-232 interface ALC Level Control RS-232 interface Stand-by Control RS-232 interface Reset Control RS-232 interface Test Conditions/Notes Environmental Operating Temperature 0 to 50q C Relative Humidity 95% non-condensing Guaranteed operation over temperature rang
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Driver Section Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11.2.
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Driver Section Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11.2.
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Driver Section - 98 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11.2.4 Upconverter Module Front and Rear Panel Description Front Panel Thumbscrews: This hardware secures the module to the sub-chassis and provides a reliable ground connection. Loosen to remove the module for replacement or repair. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): The LCD displays a series of measurements, user adjustments, and general status information.
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Driver Section - 99 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Rear Panel 48-pin DIN Fan Ground/Alignment stud RF Output IF Input LO#1 Input Upconverter Plug-in Module Rear View FAN: The 18 CFM Fan assembly is used as a cooling device for the Upconverter Module. The Fan is powered by DC voltage. 48-PIN DIN: The 48-pin DIN connector is an interface point to the Driver Section backplane that includes the power, control, and diagnostics functions of the Driver.
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Driver Section - 100 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 11.2.5 Upconverter Module Power-On Sequence When power is applied to the Upconverter Module, a display test is performed. The front panel of the LCD is illuminated for approximately one second then extinguished. This sequence provides verification that the front panel LCD and MCU logic is functioning. Upon completion of the display test, the LCD will display the Upconverter Module status as determined by the firmware tests.
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Driver Section - 101 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual From this point, pressing SEL will scroll through the list again. At any point to exit and return to the default display, press the ESC key as many times as necessary. Distribution Board The Distribution board consists of a 14-1/4” x 3-1/2” circuit board that is screwed to the Upconverter chassis.
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Driver Section - 102 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual circuit description). Besides helping the processor card monitor the status of the IF/RF modules, the distribution board also routes data from the front panel board (specifically the RS-232 port and keyboard switches) and data to the LCD module. Specifications Parameter Specification Notes +8V r .3V @ 1.1A (max) Power Supply Requirements +12V r .5V @ 2.5A (max) -12V r .
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Driver Section - 103 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Front Panel Driver Board Description The Front Panel Driver Board acts as an interface between the Upconverter front panel and the Distribution board. This board features an RS-232 port, which utilizes a telephone type (RJ11) phone jack connector. Serial port signals are routed through the board to the Distribution board. Also present on this board is a de-bounce circuit that processes the front panel soft keypad strokes.
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UPS System Description Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 12 UPS System Description Pending - 104 -
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Downconverter Module Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 13 Downconverter Module Description Pending - 105 -
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Power Amplifier Module - 106 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual 14 Power Amplifier Module Description The Power Amplifier (PA) Module amplifies the inputted Driver signal to the power level required for transmission. The PA Modules operate in tandem with other PA Modules to obtain the required power level for the transmitter. The PA Modules are plugged into the backplane of the Sub-Chassis assembly and operate in an RS-485 multi-drop environment.
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Power Amplifier Module - 107 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual The PA chain uses segmented power amplifiers in parallel that are directly interchangeable. Affinity® amplifiers utilize a design that is optimized for the 1670-1675MHz range. Each amplifier module is also gain and phase matched for consistent performance from module to module. The high gain RF amplifier module uses GaAs FET high reliability transistors that are biased for class AB operation.
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Power Amplifier Module - 108 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual system verses the number of faulted modules. A transmitter is deemed to be unrecoverable when the output power has fallen by more than 6dB and a controlled shut down occurs. The following table (given for example) shows analysis of the consequences of the failure of a number (from 1 to n) of amplifier modules (theoretical values) for 50 to 400 watt RMS transmitters.
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Power Amplifier Module - 109 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Power Amplifier Board The Power Amplifier Board amplifies the RF INPUT signal from the upconverter assembly to the output power requirement of the transmitter. The Power Amplifier Board has a high-gain architecture providing 38.5 dB of gain, an output of 1-dB, and compression of 53.5 dBm. The signal passes through a pin diode attenuator that sets the overall gain of the amplifier.
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Power Amplifier Module - 110 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Microcontroller Board Control and monitoring functions of the PA Module segment is accomplished through the Microcontroller Board located within the PA Module segment housing. The Microcontroller Board uses an 8-bit microcontroller unit (MCU) with on-board memory to perform the control and monitoring functions.
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Power Amplifier Module - 111 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual serial I/O port is also available, but the RS-232 driver is disabled by default. This port is interfaced through an RJ-11 connector on the PA Module front panel. When the ENA_RS-232 control input line is given a logic-LOW (i.e. interface cable plugged into the PA Module RJ-11 connector), the RS-232 port is enabled. At this time the RS-485 port is disabled causing a loss of communication with the RS-485 network.
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Power Amplifier Module Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Microcontroller Board Specifications: Parameter Specification Microcontroller type 8-bit MCU with 64K address space Input Voltage 10VDC±0.5VDC Input Current 400 mA typical @ 10VDC Communication Ports RS-485 and RS-232 Program stall time before COP Watchdog Reset 1.
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Power Amplifier Module - 113 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual Power Supply Board The Power Supply Board consists of input and output voltage monitoring, standby switching, over-voltage protection, and current sensing. All functions of the Power Supply Board are interfaced with the Microcontroller Board. The Power Supply Board switches the Front-End 48VDC Power Supply ON/OFF using a power FET.
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Power Amplifier Module - 114 - Affinity® LBD-200C-N1 Transmitter Product Manual PA Module Front Panel Assembly The PA Module Front Panel Assembly houses an RS-232 COMM PORT, a bi-color POWER/FAULT LED, and the ON/LOCKED--OFF/UNLOCKED key lock assembly. The PA Module is also equipped with a heatsink, installation handle and thumbscrews. The RS-232 COMM PORT 6-pin RJ11 telephone type connector is used to interface with a serial host computer.