Datasheet

ManualsBrandsTEXAS INSTRUMENTS ManualsPMICsPMIC - battery management Charge indicator VRLA, NiCd, NiMH SOIC 16 N Surface-mount

Features

➤ Accurate measurement of available

charge in rechargeable batteries

➤ Designed for electric assist bicycles

and other applications

➤ Measures a wide dynamic current

range

➤ Supports NiCd, NiMH or lead acid

➤ Designed for battery pack inte-

gration

120µA typical standby current

(self-discharge estimation mode)

Small size enables imple-

mentations in as little as

square inch of PCB

➤ Direct drive of LEDs for capacity

display

➤ Automatic charge and self-

discharge compensation using in-

ternal temperature sensor

➤ Simple single-wire serial commu-

nications port for subassembly

testing

➤ 16-pin narrow SOIC

General Description

The bq2013H Gas Gauge IC is in-

tended for battery-pack installation to

maintain an accurate record of a bat-

tery’s available charge. The IC moni-

tors a voltage drop across a sense resis-

tor connected in series between the

negative battery terminal and ground

to determine charge and discharge ac-

tivity of the battery. The bq2013H is

designed for high cpaacity battery

packs used in high-discharge rate sys-

tems.

Battery self-discharge is estimated

based on an internal timer and tem-

perature sensor. Compensations for

battery temperature, rate of charge,

and self-discharge are applied to the

charge counter to provide available

capacity information across a wide

range of operating conditions. Initial

battery capacity, self-discharge rate,

display mode, and charge compensa-

tion are set using the PROG

1-6

pins.

Actual battery capacity is automati-

cally “learned” in the course of a dis-

charge cycle from full to empty.

Nominal available charge may be

directly indicated using a five-seg-

ment LED display. These segments

are used to graphically indicate

nominal available charge.

The bq2013H supports a simple

single-line bi-directional serial link to

an external processor (common

ground). The bq2013H outputs bat-

tery information in response to exter-

nal commands over the serial link. To

support battery pack testing, the

outputs may also be controlled by

command. The external processor

may also overwrite some of the

bq2013H gas gauge data registers.

The bq2013H may operate directly

from four nickel cells or three lead

acid. With the REF output and an

external transistor, a simple, inexpen-

sive regulator can be built to provide

from a greater number of cells.

Internal registers include available

charge, temperature, capacity, battery

ID, and battery status.

LCOM LED common output

SEG

/PROG

LED segment 1/ Program

1 input

SEG

/PROG

LED segment 2 / Program

2 input

SEG

/PROG

LED segment 3/ Program

3 input

SEG

/PROG

LED segment 4/ Program

4 input

SEG

/PROG

LED segment 5/ Program

5 input

PROG

Program 6 input

REF Voltage reference output

DONE Fast charge complete

input

HDQ Serial communications

input/output

RBI Register backup input

SB Battery sense input

DISP

Display control input

SR Sense resistor input

Supply voltage

bq2013H

Pin Connections Pin Names

PN2013.eps

16-Pin Narrow SOIC

REF

DONE

HDQ

RBI

DISP

LCOM

SEG

/PROG

SEG

/PROG

SEG

/PROG

SEG

/PROG

SEG

PROG

Gas Gauge IC for Power-

Assist Applications

SLUS120B–MAY 1999 - REVISED - JANUARY 2014

Summary of content (31 pages)

PAGE 1
bq2013H Gas Gauge IC for PowerAssist Applications Features General Description ➤ Accurate measurement of available charge in rechargeable batteries The bq2013H Gas Gauge IC is intended for battery-pack installation to maintain an accurate record of a battery’s available charge. The IC monitors a voltage drop across a sense resistor connected in series between the negative battery terminal and ground to determine charge and discharge activity of the battery.
PAGE 2
bq2013H DISP Pin Descriptions LCOM DISP pulled high disables the display. DISP floating allows the LED display to be active during certain charge and discharge conditions. Transitioning DISP low activates the display. LED common This open-drain output switches VCC to source current for the LEDs. The switch is off during initialization to allow reading of PROG1-5 pull-up or pull-down program resistors. LCOM is also high impedance when the display is off.
PAGE 3
bq2013H Figure 1 shows a typical battery pack application of the bq2013H using the LED display. The bq2013H can be configured to display capacity in either a relative or an absolute display mode. The relative display mode uses the last measured discharge capacity of the battery as the battery “full” reference. The absolute display mode uses the programmed full count (PFC) as the full reference, forcing each segment of the display to represent a fixed amount of charge.
PAGE 4
bq2013H Register Backup Temperature The bq2013H RBI input pin is intended to be used with a storage capacitor to provide backup potential to the internal bq2013H registers when VCC momentarily drops below 3.0V. VCC is output on RBI when VCC is above 3.0V. The bq2013H internally determines the temperature in 10°C steps centered from -35°C to +85°C. The temperature steps are used to adapt charge rate compensations and self-discharge counting.
PAGE 5
bq2013H perature. Discharge current is load compensated based on the value stored in location LCOMP (address = 0eh). LCOMP allows the bq2013H to automatically adjust for continuous small discharge currents. The bq2013H compensates self discharge for the load value as well as temperature. 1. Last Measured Discharge (LMD) or learned battery capacity: LMD is the last measured discharge capacity of the battery. On initialization (application of VCC or battery replacement), LMD = PFC.
PAGE 6
bq2013H Therefore: Example: Selecting a PFC Value Given: 5000mAh * 0.0075Ω = 37.5mVh Select: Sense resistor = 0.0075Ω Number of cells = 14 Capacity = 5000mAh, NiCd cells Current range = 1A to 30A Relative display mode with 4 second timer Self-discharge = 1% per day Trickle charge compensation = 0.85 Typical offset = -75µV Voltage drop across sense resistor = 5mV to 225 mV PFC = 44,800 counts or 35mVh PROG1, PROG2 = Z, L PROG3 = Z PROG4 = H PROG5 = L PROG6 = Z Table 2.
PAGE 7
bq2013H Table 4. Programmed Display Mode PROG4 Overload Threshold Display Mode H VOVLD = -75mV Relative/4s timer after push-button release Z VOVLD = -75mV Relative/4s timer after push-button release L VOVLD = -25mV Absolute/4s timer after push-button release Table 5. Programmed Charge Compensation Trickle Fast PROG5 <30°C 30°C—50°C >50°C <30°C 30°C—50°C >50°C H 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.95 0.90 0.85 Z 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 L 0.85 0.80 0.75 0.95 0.90 0.85 Table 6.
PAGE 8
bq2013H The initial full battery capacity is 35mVh (4667mAh) until the bq2013H “learns” a new capacity with a qualified discharge from full to EDV1. 3. Discharge Counting All discharge counts where VSRO < -250µV cause the NAC register to decrement and the DCR to increment. If enabled, the display is activated when VSRO < -2mV. The display remains active for 10 seconds after VSRO rises above - 2mV.
PAGE 9
bq2013H fast-charge completion, the bq2013H sets NAC = LMD. Self-Discharge Compensation The DONE input should be maintained high as long as the fast-charge controller or microcontroller keeps the batteries full; otherwise, the pin should be held low. The self-discharge compensation can be programmed for three different rates. The rates vary across 8 ranges from <10°C to >70°C, doubling with each higher temperature step (10°C). See Table 7. Communicating With the bq2013 Table 7.
PAGE 10
bq2013H Table 8. bq2013H Current-Sensing Errors Symbol Parameter Typical Maximum Units Notes INL Integrated non-linearity error ±2 ±4 % Add 0.1% per °C above or below 25°C and 1% per volt above or below 4.25V. INR Integrated nonrepeatability error ±1 ±2 % Measurement repeatability given similar operating conditions. munication timing specification and illustration sections.
PAGE 11
bq2013H Table 9. bq2013H Command and Status Registers Symbol Register Name Primary status FLGS1 flags register Loc.
PAGE 12
bq2013H The VDQ location is: Primary Status Flags Register (FLGS1) The FLGS1 register (address=01h) contains the primary bq2013H flags. FLGS1 Bits The charge status flag (CHGS) is asserted when a valid charge rate is detected. The bq2013H deems the charge valid if it results in two NAC updates with VSRO > 250µV. A VSRO of less than 250µV or discharge activity clears CHGS.
PAGE 13
bq2013H TMPGG Gas Gauge Bits Table 10.
PAGE 14
bq2013H tors are used. The time to change CR varies due to the user-selectable count rates. tion. OCE may be cleared by either writing the bit to a logic zero via the serial port or by resetting the bq2013H. The overload flag (OVLD) is asserted when a discharge overload is detected. PROG4 defines the overload threshold, as defined in Table 4. OVLD remains asserted as long as the condition is valid.
PAGE 15
bq2013H VSB  VSB = 1.2V ∗    256  Load Compensation The load compensation value (address = 0eh) allows the bq2013H to compensate for small discharge loads that are below the digital filter. Each increment in the LCOMP register represents 2µVh. The value in LCOMP represents the additional amount of discharge applied to NAC and DCR at a constant rate when VSRO < VSRQ. LCOMP compensation is applied in addition to selfdischarge. LCOMP is set to 0 on a full reset.
PAGE 16
bq2013H Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Minimum Maximum Unit Notes VCC Relative to VSS -0.3 +7.0 V All other pins Relative to VSS -0.3 +7.0 V REF Relative to VSS -0.3 +8.5 V Current limited by R1 (see Figure 1) VSR Relative to VSS -0.3 Vcc+0.7 V 100kΩ series resistor should be used to protect SR in case of a shorted battery. TOPR Operating temperature 0 +70 °C Commercial Note: Permanent device damage may occur if Absolute Maximum Ratings are exceeded.
PAGE 17
bq2013H DC Electrical Characteristics (TA = TOPR) Symbol VCC VOS VREF RREF ICC Parameter Supply voltage Minimum Typical Maximum Unit Notes VCC excursion from < 2.0V to ≥ 3.0V initializes the unit. 3.0 4.25 6.5 V - ±50 ±150 µV DISP = VCC Reference at 25°C 5.7 6.0 6.3 V IREF = 5µA Reference at -40°C to +85°C 4.5 - 7.5 V IREF = 5µA Reference input impedance 2.0 5.0 - MΩ VREF = 3V - 90 135 µA VCC = 3.0V, HDQ = 0 - 120 180 µA VCC = 4.
PAGE 18
bq2013H High-Speed Serial Communication Timing Specification (TA = TOPR) Symbol Parameter Minimum Typical Maximum Unit tCYCH Cycle time, host to bq2013H (write) 190 - - µs tCYCB Cycle time, bq2013H to host (read) 190 205 250 µs tSTRH Start hold, host to bq2013H (write) 5 - - ns tSTRB Start hold, bq2013H to host (read) 32 - - µs µs tDSU Data setup - - 50 tDSUB Data setup - - 50 µs tDH Data hold 100 - - µs tDV Data valid 80 - - µs tSSU Stop setup - - 14
PAGE 19
bq2013H Break Timing tBR tB TD201803.
PAGE 20
bq2013H 16-Pin SOIC Narrow (SN) 16-Pin SN (SOIC Narrow) D e Dimension Minimum A 0.060 A1 0.004 B 0.013 C 0.007 D 0.385 E 0.150 e 0.045 H 0.225 L 0.015 All dimensions are in inches. B E H A C A1 .004 L 20 Maximum 0.070 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.400 0.160 0.055 0.245 0.
PAGE 21
bq2013H Data Sheet Revision History ChangeNo. Page No. 1 All 2 3 Updated application diagram 2 8 Changed charge/discharge default threshold from 200µV to 250µV.
PAGE 22
bq2013H Ordering Information bq2013H Temperature Range: blank = Commercial (0 to +70°C) Package Option: SN = 16-pin narrow SOIC Device: bq2013H Gas Gauge IC 22
PAGE 23
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM 24-Jan-2013 www.ti.
PAGE 24
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM 24-Jan-2013 www.ti.
PAGE 25
PAGE 26
PAGE 27
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.
PAGE 28
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 11-Dec-2013 Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties.
PAGE 29
PAGE 30
PAGE 31
IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete.