TS4000 Radio Modem User’s Manual 1729 South Main Street Milpitas, CA 95035 (408) 941-1808 (800) 663-3674 (408) 941-1818 Fax www.teledesignsystems.com productsales@teledesignsystems.com techsupport@teledesignsystems.
Copyright This document is copyrighted by Teledesign Systems Inc. with all rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without the prior written consent of Teledesign Systems Inc. Copyright © 2012 by Teledesign Systems Inc. All rights reserved. Disclaimer This manual has been thoroughly reviewed for accuracy, and every effort has been made to ensure that the information is accurate and complete.
Emissions FCC Part 15 The TS4000 complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules (Code of Federal Regulations 47CFR Part 15). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device does not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Part 90 The TS4000 has been type accepted for operation by the FCC in accordance with Part 90 of the FCC rules (47CFR Part 90).
Table of Contents Emissions ......................................................................................................iii FCC.................................................................................................... iii Industry Canada................................................................................. iii Notice.......................................................................................................iii Safety Warning .........................................
Configuration Options ..........................................................................21 Clear Channel Scan..........................................................................23 Redundancy......................................................................................23 Frequency Programming......................................................................26 Methods of Programming Channels .................................................26 Frequency Configuration Screen ..........
USA (FCC)........................................................................................74 International ......................................................................................75 Manufacturer’s Certification ................................................................75 USA (FCC)........................................................................................75 Industry Canada................................................................................75 International .
TS4000 Overview Introduction The TS4000 Radio Modem is an integrated radio and modem designed for the wireless transmission of digital data. The TS4000 can transfer data at rates up to 12,600 bits per second. The TS4000 includes a synthesized VHF or UHF transceiver that can be programmed for up to 99 channels. This product is ideally suited to OEMs and system integrators who require a versatile radio modem in a single package. The TS4000 is configured with windows based PC configuration software.
Integrated AirNet Packet Data Protocol Allows user directed transmissions to only selected destinations. Provides addressed communications for devices that are not directly addressable themselves. Can be optimized for point to point, point to multi-point and full mesh networks. Supports group and all-call broadcast transmissions. Built in CSMA/CA algorithm minimizes transmission collisions to maximize channel efficiency and utilization.
Connections The TS4000 has two serial ports that provide a data connection between the TS4000 and the host equipment. The serial ports are standard RS-232 asynchronous serial interfaces and are setup as DCEs. The serial ports provide all the standard RS-232 handshake lines. In addition, the TS4000 provides a number of configuration options that allow the serial port line usage to be customized for different host equipment (see Serial Port Configuration Options).
Fuses The TS4000 has an internal 4 amp fuse for each of the three possible power connections. The power source used with the TS4000 should also be fused with an in-line power fuse. Mounting The preferred method of mounting the TS4000 is to use the mounting bracket supplied with the modem. An alternative is to use the threaded mounting holes in the bottom of the TS4000 (see Appendix D - Case Dimensions). Configuring the TS4000 The TS4000 is supplied with a windows based PC configuration program.
AirCalc - Range Estimation Teledesign provides wireless range estimation software called AirCalc. AirCalc provides estimates of the flat terrain range of wireless data communication systems. Actual range of a system can vary dramatically, and therefore it is important that range is verified with in field tests in the area of operation. AirCalc is accessed with the AirCalc button on the main screen of the configuration program.
Status Lights The TS4000 has three lights (LED) indicators to provide operational status of transmit (TX), receive (RX) and power (PWR) functions. Special combinations of these indicators are used to indicate secondary operating modes and fault conditions. TS4000 State Normal Operation LEDs PWR Indicator State On when the TS4000 is powered. RX On when the TS4000 detects activity on the radio channel. TX On when the TS4000 is transmitting. Program Mode RX, TX Both on continuously.
Configuration Program The configuration program is used to configure the TS4000 for operation. Configuring the TS4000 consists of independently configuring both the modem operation and the radio frequency channels. The configuration program consists of controls and menus. The controls set the configuration and test options. The menus (line items at the top of the screen) execute program commands.
Programming and Retrieving Configurations The configuration of the TS4000 can be read out of the modem by selecting the Retrieve Configuration command from the Modem menu or by pressing the Retrieve Configuration button. To program a configuration into the TS4000, use the Program Configuration command from the Modem menu or the Program Configuration button. CAUTION: Programming a configuration into the TS4000 will write over (destroy) the configuration currently in the TS4000.
Diagnostics The configuration program can access diagnostics information from the TS4000. This is done using commands under the Modem menu or the corresponding buttons. Diagnostics Screen Choose the Diagnostics menu to run, read and display diagnostic status of the TS4000. The diagnostics tests the major components of the modem and also monitors the power supply voltages.
Modem Hardware Screen Choose the Retrieve Modem Hardware menu to read and display the modem hardware details. These include details on the firmware version and memory configuration. These modem hardware values are set at the factory based on the modem hardware included in the TS4000 and cannot be changed. Radio Hardware Screen Choose the Retrieve Radio Hardware menu to read and display the radio hardware details. This includes details about the radio’s frequency, channel spacing and transmit power.
Serial Port The serial port provides an asynchronous data connection between the TS4000 and the host equipment. The TS4000 serial port is a standard RS-232 serial port with a number of options to allow connection to a wide variety of serial host equipment. RS-232 Serial Port Basics The EIA (Electronic Industries Association) RS-232C standard is a standard for short distance (less than 50 feet) serial communications.
The most common form of hardware flow control, and the one used by most full duplex wired (as opposed to wireless) modems, is RTS/CTS. With RTS/CTS flow control, RTS provides flow control for the DTE and CTS provides flow control for the DCE. One problem with RTS/CTS flow control is that for many half duplex modems (most wireless modems) the RTS signal is used to frame transmit data going from the DTE to the DCE. This use of RTS conflicts with using RTS for flow control of data to the DTE.
RI Pin Signal Options RI for Modem Power RI Connected for DSR DSR Pin Signal Options DSR Always High DTR Pin Signal Options DTR for Modem Power The RI (Ring Indicator) pin is pin 9 of a standard 9 pin subminiature D connector and is an output for DCEs (the TS4000). The TS4000 has no internal RI signal and therefore the RI pin is normally left unconnected. As an alternative, the RI pin can be connected as a power pin into the TS4000.
Configuration Options – Serial Port 1 Baud Rate List Data Bits Parity Transmit Data Protocol The serial port provides a number of configuration options that allows it to be connected to virtually any asynchronous host equipment. These configuration options are set using the Serial Port tab of the Modem Configuration. The baud rate list provides selection of the serial port asynchronous baud rate. The available selections are 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 and 38400 baud.
Selection Data Activation Timeout (Timeout Time) Description This control sets the number of character periods of idle required on the serial port's transmit data line to declare the end of a transmit burst. Char Period = Char Length / Baud Rate Where: Char Length = Data Bits + Parity + 2 Data Bits is the value selected from the Data Bits control. Parity is 0 if none is selected from the Parity control and 1 if even or odd is selected.
Receive Data Protocol Selection Idle Time Between Bursts Description This sets the minimum amount of time (in character periods) that the receive data (RXD) line will be idle (inactive) between received bursts of data. If this value is set to zero, the receive data line may remain active continuously when multiple bursts of receive data are transferred to the host.
CTS Line Control DSR Line Control Selection Always Active Description The CTS line is active. Active when Transmitter is Sending Data CTS is normally inactive and is activated when the TS4000 is transmitting and the radio channel is ready for the transmission of data. Active when Transmitting CTS is normally inactive and is activated when the TS4000 is transmitting. Note that the modem begins transmitting only after it has received at least one character (non-control string) of data.
Serial Port 2 Serial Port 2 Enable Selection Enable Serial Port 2 for Data Description This enables serial port 2 for transmitting and receiving data. This does not effect using serial port 2 for configuration and remote diagnostics. Serial port 2 can only be used in packet mode (transparent mode is not available). i) This function is an extra cost firmware option. Please contact Teledesign for information on purchasing and enabling this option. ii) This feature requires firmware version 6.00 or higher.
Selection Available for Remote Diagnostics Description This option box cannot be set by the user. When this is checked it indicates that the remote diagnostics firmware option is enabled (see Remote Diagnostics). i) This function is an extra cost firmware option. Please contact Teledesign for information on purchasing and enabling this option. ii) This function also requires version 5.00 or higher firmware.
CTS Line Control – Active when Transmitting CTS is active when the TS4000 is transmitting. This selection can be used to remote the transmit light. DSR Line Control – Active when Operational DSR is active when the TS4000 is powered and there are no active faults. An active fault is indicated by a flashing power light.
Radio Setup The radio setup requires setting the modem configuration options and also setting the radio frequencies. The modem configuration options are accessed on the Radio tab of the Modem Configuration. The frequency programming is accessed with the Frequency Configuration button on the main screen of the configuration program. Configuration Options Modulation The radio configuration options set the operation of the radio.
Selection GMSK (BT=0.5) Description Gaussian Minimum Shifted Keyed modulation with a BT = 0.5. This is the least spectrally efficient modulation. However, it provides the best BER for a given receive signal level. Rate The over the air modulation bit rate. All TS4000s that communicate together must use the same setting. Lower settings result in better signal demodulation which results in a better (lower) BER (Bit Error Rate) for a given receive signal level.
Clear Channel Scan Clear Channel Scan Activates Clear Channel Scan Operation (see below). Channel List The bottom box is the scan list which indicates the channels that will be scanned. Channel Box, Add Button, Delete Button These controls are used to change the channel numbers in the channel list. CCS Remote Operation When this is checked the TS4000 will transmit on the same channel that it last received a packet from another TS4000.
Selection Enable Redundancy Description This configures the TS4000s for use with the Redundancy switch. Redundant Modem A The TS4000 that is connected to the A side of the redundancy switch must have this option checked. Redundant Modem B The TS4000 that is connected to the B side of the redundancy switch must have this option checked. For redundant modems used in packet mode, the modems will consume two individual packet addresses.
Force Transmit Over Receive Transmit Timeout Timer Transmit Only Operation Receive Only Operation Transmit Power Additional Transmit Attack Time Selection Disabled Description The modem will not transmit while receiving. Transmit data is buffered and then transmitted when the TS4000 stops receiving. Enabled Transparent Mode: The TS4000 transmits as soon as data is ready without regard to the receive state. Packet Mode: The TS4000 will transmit over foreign (non TS4000) receptions.
Frequency Programming The TS4000 comes in various frequency bands (i.e. 450 to 470 MHz) and can be programmed for any valid channel within a given frequency band. The TS4000 can be set for up to 99 channels. A channel consists of a receive frequency and a transmit frequency which can be set to the same or different frequencies. Methods of Programming Channels Frequency channels are programmed into the TS4000 using the configuration program.
Frequency Configuration Screen Radio vs. File Settings The minimum and maximum frequencies and the channel spacing depend on the specific radio module in the TS4000. The configuration program does not know this information unless it is connected to the TS4000. Therefore, these fields in the Radio Settings frame only show up when the configuration program is connected to the TS4000. When the user creates a new frequency configuration file these values can be set in the channel frequencies frame.
Channel Switching During normal operation, the frequency channel can be switched on the fly with: 1) A control String through either serial port. 2) The DTR and RTS control lines on serial port 2. For details, see Radio Setup – Frequency Channel at Power Up. 3) Automatically with the Clear Channel Scan function. For details, see Radio Setup – Frequency Channel at Power Up.
Compatibility mode allows the TS4000 to be setup to be compatible with our previous generation TSI9600 radio modem. Compatibility Enable Data Protocol Selection Trimble Compatible Mode TSI9600 Compatibility Mode 3295 Compatibility Description This mode allows the TS4000 to communicate with Trimble TrimMark and TrimTalk GPS data links. This mode allows the TS4000 to communicate with Teledesign TSI9600s. This configures the TSI9600 compatibility mode to be suitable for operation with JDT-3295 modems.
Data Polarity Trimble Options - Mode Trimble Options – Channel Spacing Trimble Options – Store and Forward Repeaters Selection Transmit Data Inversion Description This controls the transmit data polarity in 3295 mode. This control corresponds to the transmit polarity jumper on the interface board. Receive Data Inversion This controls the receive data polarity in 3295 mode. This control corresponds to the receive polarity jumper on the interface board.
AirNet Packet Protocol Overview AirNet is an embedded packet protocol available in some Teledesign Systems modems. AirNet provides a complete protocol that manages the end to end data transfers of wireless networks. The AirNet protocol is flexible and configurable so that it can be used with any host (user) system or network architecture. Packet Basics The basic purpose of the AirNet packet protocol is to ensure that data is reliably transferred between nodes in the network.
(mountaintop) locations. In some situations, the use of a repeater may be logistically difficult and may not completely solve all propagation problems. The AirNet protocol provides an option where nodes can be set up as store and forward repeaters. The relay nodes store packets that they receive and repeat (forward) the packets when the channel is idle. The relay nodes can be set to relay all packets or only packets with certain source or destination addresses.
Configuration Options Packet General Packet Activate Medium (Channel) Access Control (MAC) These configuration options are set using the Packet General tab of the Modem Configuration. Selection Enable Packet Operation Description This activates packet operation for all user data. The type of Medium Access Control (MAC) determines how a modem decides when to transmit packets. This effects the transmission of both data and acknowledgment packets.
CSMA MAC Setup Control Slot Time Description This sets the transmit slot time (see Setting Slot Time). Min Idle Slots This sets the minimum number of idle slots before a modem attempts transmission (see Setting Min Idle Slots). If the minimum number of idle slots is set to zero the modem randomizes its transmission attempts with the first slot after the channel becomes idle. For values greater than zero, the modem waits that many slots before randomizing its transmission attempts.
address. The user can use as few as one or as many (up to the list size) address ranges as desired. Repeating All Network Broadcast Packets In network broadcast packets the destination group and individual destination address are zeros. Therefore, setting these addresses to zero in the list will cause all network broadcast packets, regardless of their source address, to be repeated Repeating All Group Broadcast Packets In group broadcast packets the destination individual address is zero.
Packet for Port 1 / Packet for Port 2 Modem Address These configuration options are set using the Packet for Port 1 and Packet for Port 2 tabs of the Modem Configuration. Control Individual Address Description The individual address of this modem. Group Address The group address of this modem. The group address is used to isolate different sets of individual addresses. It is also used to filter group broadcast transfers.
Modem Addresses of the two ports The Modem Addresses of the two ports can be the same or different. If the addresses are set the same then receive packets addressed for the modem will be sent out of both serial ports. If the addresses are different then the data coming out of the serial ports can be separated by address. Multicast Group Reception Multicast groups allow a modem to receive group broadcasts to groups other than its own.
Default Transfer This field selects the type of transfer that the modem defaults to at power up. This will remain as the transfer type until it is switched using the appropriate control string. Selection Individual Transfer Description This is a standard point to point data transfer with acknowledgments. Individual Transfer w/o Acknowledge This is a point to point data transfer but without any acknowledgments. This implies that there are no transmit retries if the packet is received with errors.
Packet Status Data Control Provide Address at Receiver Description When this control is activated, the source address of each received packet is sent as a prefix status string to the data (see Control and Status Strings). Provide Positive Transmit ACKs When this control is activated, a status string is sent to the user when an acknowledgment is received for a packet. The corresponding packet number of the packet will be provided as part of the status string (see Control and Status Strings).
Control and Status Strings Type Data Packets Description These are any packets that carry user data. These include data packets for all the different types of transfers (i.e. Individual, Individual w/o ACK, Broadcast). ACK Packets These are the acknowledgment packets for the individually addressed data packets. Relay Packets These are any packets that are repeated with the store and forward repeater option. Both data packets and ACK packets can be repeated.
Control String Description port it is sent to. +TSFA? Query the modem destination address. Response: +TSFAggiii +TSSnn Set the packet number of the next packet transmitted. Packet numbers are used in status strings to indicate the success or failure of the transmission of a particular transmit packet. The packet number is set to 0 when the modem is reset. +TSLAggiii Change the modem source address.
Master-Slave System Setup A master-slave system is one where the host application is designed so that only one node will ever attempt to transmit at a given time. An example of this type of system is a polled system with a base station that sequentially poles a number of remote nodes. In this case the base always initiates a pole and the remotes respond with the desired data. To set up AirNet for this type of system, select the Master-Slave selection in the Packet General tab of the modem configuration.
Data Packet Transmit Time For a master-slave system, the data packet transmit time is constant for a given packet size. As long as the channel is not busy, a data packet will be sent immediately upon becoming available for transmission. Calculating the delay is very similar to the calculation for the packet timeout time above.
Polled System with Store and Forward Repeaters A polled system is one where a master (or base) station unit polls a number of remotes in sequence. The master is always the unit that initiates the communication and one and only one remote unit responds to the master’s request.
Single Repeater System A single repeater system is one where all communication goes through a single store and forward repeater.
Configuration Parameter Remote Sites - that cannot hear the repeater Setting Modem Address: Individual 10+ (each remote must have a unique address) CSMA MAC Setup-Data Pkts-Min Idle Slots Number of slots for an outbound polling packet Number of slots for an outbound polling packet = Packet Transmit Time / Slot Time Packet Transmit Time = {9 * [Max Outbound Message Length (in bytes) + 14] * Overhead / Air Rate (in kbps)} + Radio Tx Attack Time (in ms) Overhead = 1 if Coding (FEC) is Unchecked Overhead
Dual Repeater System A dual repeater system has two repeaters. For the specific configurations defined in this example, the two repeaters must be able to hear each other.
Configuration Parameter Remote Sites - that reliably hear both repeaters Setting Modem Address: Individual 10+ (each remote must have a unique address) CSMA MAC Setup: Data Pkts: Min Idle Slots 2 Remote Sites – that hear only one of the repeaters Modem Address: Individual 10+ (each remote must have a unique address) CSMA MAC Setup: Data Pkts: Min Idle Slots Base packet transmit slots + Largest Relay Pkt: Min Idle Slot Remote Sites – that hear only the base Modem Address: Individual 10+ (each remo
Three Repeater System A three repeater system is similar to a two repeater topology but with an additional repeater extending range to outlying remotes. For the specific configurations defined in this example, the following must be true: 1) All the remotes must hear at least one repeater site. 2) Repeater B and Repeater C cannot hear each other.
Configuration Parameter Repeater B Site Setting Modem Address: Individual 3 CSMA MAC Setup: Data Pkts: Min Idle Slots 3 CSMA MAC Setup: Relay Pkts: Min Idle Slots 1 Store and Forward Repeater Operation: All Packets Relay All Repeater C Site Modem Address: Individual 4 CSMA MAC Setup: Data Pkts: Min Idle Slots 3 CSMA MAC Setup: Relay Pkts: Min Idle Slots 2 Store and Forward Repeater Operation: All Packets Relay Some Store and Forward Repeater Operation: Addresses Group Individual 1 1 (B
Example: Remote Sites – that hear only Repeater A Max Message Length for Modbus protocol = 255 bytes Radio Tx Attack Time = 20ms (this value can be read on the Radio Hardware Screen) Air Rate = 9.6 kbps (this is configured on the Radio tab) Coding = Unchecked (this is configured on the Radio tab) Largest Relay Pkt: Min Idle Slots = Repeater C: Relay Pkts: Min Idle Slots = 2 Slot Time = 1.5 * 20ms = 30ms (this is configured on the Packet General tab) Packet Transmit Time = [9 * (255 + 14) * 1 / 9.
Chain Repeater System A chain repeater topology is one where the messages are passed down a chain of repeaters. This is typical for systems that operate along a road, river or railroad track. For the specific configurations defined in this example, the base and each repeater must hear only the next repeater in the chain. For example: Repeater B hears only Repeater A and C but not the Base and Repeater D.
Configuration Parameter Repeater B Site Setting Modem Address: Individual 3 CSMA MAC Setup: Data Pkts: Min Idle Slots 4 CSMA MAC Setup: Relay Pkts: Min Idle Slots 1 Store and Forward Repeater Operation: All Packets Relay All Repeater C Site Modem Address: Individual 4 CSMA MAC Setup: Data Pkts: Min Idle Slots 4 CSMA MAC Setup: Relay Pkts: Min Idle Slots 2 Store and Forward Repeater Operation: All Packets Relay All Repeater D Site Modem Address: Individual 5 CSMA MAC Setup: Data Pkts: Min
Other System Topologies The TS4000 is very versatile and can be configured for virtually any system topology. If one of the above topologies cannot be adapted to match a particular network then Teledesign can work with you to create a suitable configuration. The TS4000 also has the capability to selectively repeat messages from groups or individual remotes. This feature can be used to allow for more complicated topologies and to minimize the throughput delay.
CSMA System Setup The CSMA MAC (Medium Access Control) is used for systems in which multiple modems will attempt to access the radio channel simultaneously (multi-access systems). If two modems attempt to transmit simultaneously, a collision results which prevents both transmissions from being successfully sent. The AirNet protocol uses CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) to provide multi-access capability.
Packet Transmit Time = Packet Length / Channel Rate Packet Length = (Data Bits + Overhead Bits) x Framing Overhead x Coding Overhead = (Data Bits + 112) x 1.1 { x 1.5 } Overhead Bits = 14 bytes x 8 bits per byte = 112 bits Framing Overhead = 1.1 Coding Overhead (optional) = 1.
Total Packet Time = Attack Time + Packet Transmit Time + Decay Time Packet Transmit Time = Packet Length / Channel Rate Packet Length = (Data Bits + Overhead Bits) x Framing Overhead x Coding Overhead = (Data Bits + 112) x 1.1 { x 1.5 } Overhead Bits = 14 bytes x 8 bits per byte = 112 bits Framing Overhead = 1.1 Coding Overhead (optional) = 1.
Setting Slot Time The slot time should be set to the attack time of the radio plus the maximum variation (uncertainty) in the carrier detection circuit. The variation in the carrier detection circuit is the difference in the carrier detect time between the radio with the fastest carrier detect time and the radio with the slowest carrier detect time. Note that the attack time is made up of the worst case transmitter power ramp up time plus the worst case carrier detect time.
Tx Index Setting Tx Index ... ... Min Idle Slots - Relay #N =N Min Idle Slots - Data Packets = Highest Relay # + 1 = N + 1 Tx Index - Relays (All) Tx Index - ACK Packets Tx Index - Data Packets = 1 (Always transmit in their assigned slot) = 1 (Always transmit in the first slot) = Attempt Rate (see Setting Tx Index) The transmission index (TI) is the inverse of the probability of transmitting in an idle slot. A TI of 10 corresponds to a 1/10 = 10% chance of transmitting in an idle slot.
Attempt Rate = (Packet Detection Ratio)1/2 To finally calculate the transmission index we need to estimate the number of backlogged nodes (the number of nodes that may want to transmit at the same time). The difficulty in estimating this value is that for most systems this number is dynamic and can change dramatically depending on what is occurring in the system.
Setting Packet Timeout Systems without Repeaters The packet timeout timer is used for individual packets that expect an acknowledgment (ACK). This timer is started after a data packet is sent. If an ACK is not received before the timer expires then a retry transmission of the data packet is sent. This timer should be set longer than the worst case typical amount of time it takes to receive an ACK packet.
Data Packet Transmit Time = Data Packet Length / Channel Rate Data Packet Length = (Data Bits + Overhead Bits) x Framing Overhead x Coding Overhead Overhead Bits = 14 bytes x 8 bits per byte = 112 bits Framing Overhead = 1.1 Coding Overhead (optional) = 1.5 The ACK packet delay at the destination node is the amount of time it takes for the destination node to send the ACK packet.
Where: ln symbolizes the natural log function. Example Using the values from the previous example, calculate the average delay for various backlogs. Tslot = Slot Time = 30 ms = 0.03 sec PDR = Packet Detection Ratio = 0.33 (from previous example) TI = Transmission Index = 44 (from previous example) PR = (TI - 1)/TI = (44 - 1)/ 44 = 0.977 Average Delay = Tslot x (1 + PDR - PRN) = 0.03(1 + 0.33 - 0.977N) PDR x ln(1/PR) 0.33 ln(1/0.977) = 0.03(1.33 - 0.977N) = 3.91(1.33 - 0.977N) 0.
GPS Configuration The GPS Configuration is designed to provide a simplified set of configuration options for use with differential GPS and RTK systems. In these GPS reference systems, one base unit transmits a GPS correction and one or more rover units receive and use this reference information. A GPS type configuration can be converted to a standard configuration using the Convert To selection under the File menu.
Data Bits Parity Radio Operation This indicates the number of data bits in each asynchronous character. This indicates the parity of the asynchronous characters. Selection Channel Spacing Description This setting should be configured to match the maximum channel spacing allowed by the user’s license. This value controls the amount of frequency bandwidth (occupied bandwidth) that the transmitted signal will use.
Automatic Station ID The TS4000 can be configured to periodically output a Morse code identification string. Selection Enable Automatic Station ID Repeat Time ID Message Receive Carrier Detect Level Description When the control is selected, the modem will output the ID message at the designated repeat time. This is the amount of time between station ID transmissions. This is the text message that is transmitted. The transmission is formatted as standard Morse code.
Testing AirTest AirTest is Teledesign’s general purpose wireless modem test software. AirTest can send data and gather performance statistics about the link between multiple modems. AirTest is modem independent and can be used with any asynchronous serial communications device. To start AirTest press the AirTest button on the main screen of the configuration program. For details on using AirTest consult AirTest’s on line help.
BER Test A BER (Bit Error Rate) test is used to determine how good a radio environment is for transmitting data. The BER result tells the percentage of bits that are corrupted. A BER of 3.0 x 10-4 means that 3 out of 10,000 (104) bits are corrupted. The longer a BER test runs the more accurate the result. To get an accurate result a BER test should be run until at least 100 errors have been received. This provides a 90% confidence level in the BER value.
AirScan enables the TS4000 to be used as a frequency scanner. AirScan is useful for determining the frequency and magnitude of potential interference within the TS4000’s frequency band. AirScan To start AirScan press the AirScan button on the main screen of the configuration program. AirScan Controls Display Center Frequency Frequency Span AirScan scans each channel within a set range of frequencies. The granularity of the scan is fixed at the minimum channel spacing of the TS4000.
Remote Diagnostics Remote diagnostics is used to check the status of remote TS4000s over the air. This allows the radio communications for a system to be setup and tested independent of the host equipment. Remote diagnostics is available while the host system is in operation and can be accessed through serial port 1 or 2 of the TS4000. The remote diagnostics screen is accessed from the main screen of the TS4000 Configuration Program.
To have the program set these automatically, connect to the modem (Modem menu – Connect to Modem), then select the desired retrieve button. The program will then disconnect from the modem and set the serial port settings to match the modem. Retrieve Local Diagnostics Address This button is used to retrieve the diagnostics data from the TS4000 that the PC is physically connected to. This function does not require the remote diagnostics firmware upgrade option.
Field RSSI Outbound RSSI Repeater Input Voltage Radio Voltage Temp Tx Power Forward Tx Power Reflected Successes/ Attempts Response Time Last Attempt Remote Diagnostics Request and Response Strings Description The RSSI (Receive Signal Strength Indication) value of the outgoing request packet measured at the remote modem. The units are –dBms (negative dBms) and therefore a lower value indicates a larger received signal.
Upgrading Firmware The TS4000 comes with flash program memory that allows the firmware to be easily upgraded in the field. Firmware is upgraded with the upgrade program which is included as part of the TS4000 configuration program. Upgrading 1) Attach the TS4000 to a PC serial port. 2) Start the upgrade program by pressing the Upgrade Firmware button on the main screen of the configuration program. 3) Select the firmware version or firmware option to upgrade to.
Licensing To be operated legally, radio equipment requires two types of licensing - a manufacturer’s certification that the manufacturer obtains and a users license that the user must obtain. User’s License In most cases, the user of the TS4000 is required to obtain an operating license. This is the case for most frequency ranges in most areas of the world. Licensing is done so that the government can coordinate radio users in order to minimize interference.
Other Contacts FCC – Federal Communications Commission 888-225-5322 www.fcc.gov PCIA (Coordination agency for most business licenses) 800-759-0300 www.pcia.com International Countries other than the USA have different rules for operating radio equipment. The user should work with the appropriate government agency to obtain the necessary licenses and to make sure that the TS4000 meets the licensing requirements.
Service and Support We at Teledesign Systems are committed to providing excellent service and support to our customers. Our goal is to make using our products as easy and painless as possible. To accomplish this Teledesign provides free technical support for all our products during all phases of sales, installation, and use. Contacting Teledesign Service and technical support can be reached during our normal business hours of 8 AM to 5 PM (Pacific Standard Time) Monday through Friday.
Warranty Two Year Warranty Teledesign Systems Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of two (2) years from the date of shipment. During the warranty period, Teledesign Systems Inc. will, at its option, either repair of replace products that prove to be defective.
Appendix A - Serial Ports Standard Case Connector The standard case uses a DE-9 subminiature 9 pin D connector with female pins for each serial port.
Pin 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Port 1 1 --2 2 2 16 1 17 18 1 1 19 1 Signal Receive Data (RD) Data Carrier Detect (DCD) Ground (Power) Modem Power Clear To Send (CTS) Request To Send (RTS) Data Set Ready (DSR) Alt) Always in high state Not Connected Alt) Data Set Ready (DSR) Request To Send (RTS) Data Set Ready (DSR) Alt) Always in high state Clear To Send (CTS) Direction Output Output -Input Output Input Output Output -Output Input Output Output Output Notes [1] [3] [1] [4] [5] [1] [3] Modem Power Grou
pin can be set to always be in the active high state. In this case the pin is internally connected to +5 volts through a 1 KΩ resistor. [4] For standard RS-232 ports this pin is the Ring Indicator (RI) line, which is an output for DCEs (the TS4000). However, the TS4000 does not have an RI line internally. Instead, this pin can be connected to the serial port Data Set Ready (DSR) line which is an output for DCEs (output of the TS4000), or this pin can be setup to provide DC power into the TS4000.
Signal Levels RS-232 Signal Levels Serial port 1 can be configured for either RS-232 or TTL signal levels. The signal level selection is controlled with internal jumper plugs (see Appendix F - Internal Jumper Block). The RS-232 standard defines minimum and maximum voltage levels for the drivers and receivers. However, in practice the drivers and receivers work correctly with signal levels that are different from the specification.
Appendix B – ASCII Character Set Control Char Ctrl-@ Ctrl-A Ctrl-B Ctrl-C Ctrl-D Ctrl-E Ctrl-F Ctrl-G Ctrl-H Ctrl-I Ctrl-J Ctrl-K Ctrl-L Ctrl-M Ctrl-N Ctrl-O Ctrl-P Ctrl-Q Ctrl-R Ctrl-S Ctrl-T Ctrl-U Ctrl-V Ctrl-W Ctrl-X Ctrl-Y Ctrl-Z Ctrl-[ Ctrl-\ Ctrl-] Ctrl-^ Ctrl-_ Char NUL SOH STX ETX EOT ENQ ACK BEL BS HT LF VT FF CR SO SI DLE DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 NAK SYN ETB CAN EM SUB ESC FS GS RS US Value Dec Hex 0 00 1 01 2 02 3 03 4 04 5 05 6 06 7 07 8 08 9 09 10 0A 11 0B 12 0C 13 0D 14 0E 15 0F 16 10 17 11 18 12 19
Appendix C – Control and Status Strings General Strings All characters are ASCII and all numbers are formatted as ASCII digits and sent most significant digit first. General Control Strings Control String +TSZ Description Reset the modem. Message Status Strings Status String +TSRxxx Description Receive RSSI preamble. This function must be enabled (see Serial Port section). xxx = receive signal level in –dBms (i.e.
Control String Description broadcast packets regardless of their source address. :05,000-000 - the modem will repeat all group broadcast packets going to group 5 regardless of their source address. There can be a maximum of 20 addresses in the list. 4) +TSMSF? Response: i) +TSRSFA - query the store and forward setting - modem configured to store and forward all packets ii) +TSRSFN - modem configured to store and forward no packets iii) +TSRSFS - modem configured to store and forward some packets.
Control String +TSB Description Set for a network broadcast transfer (to all modems). +TSFAggiii Change the modem destination address. The first two address characters are for the group address and the remaining three are for the individual address. The type of transfer remains unchanged. This command will change the destination address of the serial port that the command is sent to.
Diagnostics Strings Diagnostics Request Strings Control String +TSDL Description Request diagnostics from the local modem. +TSDAggiii Request remote diagnostics from the modem with address ggiii. gg = Group address as ASCII characters iii = Individual address as ASCII character Local Diagnostics Response Structure The local diagnostics response is a total of 45 bytes with the following fields. Structure Field Header Description +TSDL This is a five character string in ASCII format.
Structure Field Power Description reflected (incoming) transmit power in 0.1 watt increments (i.e. 34 = 3.4 watts). This field is not available on all TS4000 models. A value of -1 (0xFFFF) indicates that this is not available from the TS4000. A value of -32768 (0x8000) indicates that there has not been a transmission since the last reset and therefore no measurement has been taken. Redundancy A one byte field indicating if the TS4000 is part of a redundancy switch setup.
Structure Field Description power leads. Radio Voltage A two byte (high byte first) binary number indicting the regulated radio voltage in 0.01 volt increments (i.e. 2432 = 24.32 volts). Temperature A two byte (high byte first) binary number indicting the internal temperature in degrees Celsius RF Forward Power A two byte (high byte first) binary number indicting the forward (outgoing) transmit power in 0.1 watt increments (i.e. 34 = 3.4 watts). This field is not available on all TS4000 models.
Appendix D – Internal Jumper Block The TS4000’s jumper block lies between the radio flex circuit connector and serial port connector on the top side of the modem circuit board. With the radio flex circuit connector on the right side of the jumper block, the jumper block will be oriented as shown below with pin 1 located at the bottom right corner. Unless otherwise specified by the customer, the TS4000 is shipped from the factory with eleven jumpers installed as shown below.
board. Do not pull on the flex circuit to remove the flex connector from TS4000 because this will damage the flex circuit. Jumper Settings for Power on Serial Port 1 - Pin 9 Lift the body of the serial port 2 connector up and on top of the radio module circuit board to move the flex circuit away from the jumper block. With the radio flex connector on the right side of the jumper block, the jumper block will be oriented as shown above with pin 1 located at the bottom right corner.
Jumper Settings for Power on Serial Port 2 - Pin 9 To enable power on pin 9 (RI - Ring Indicator) of serial port 2, locate the jumpers across pins 23 and 24, and pins 25 and 26. Remove these two jumpers using the small needle-nose pliers or tweezers and reinstall the jumpers across pins 23 and 25, and pins 24 and 26, as shown below.
