TB7100 base station Installation and Operation Manual MBB-00001-02 Issue 2 December 2005
Tait Contact Information Tait Radio Communications Corporate Head Office Tait Electronics Ltd P.O. Box 1645 Christchurch New Zealand Technical Support For assistance with specific technical issues, contact Technical Support: E-mail: support@taitworld.com Website: http://support.taitworld.com For the address and telephone number of regional offices, refer to the TaitWorld website: Website: http://www.taitworld.
Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Enquiries and Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Updates of Manual and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4.7 3.4.8 3.4.9 3.4.10 3.4.11 3.4.12 Opto Isolated Keying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relay Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fan Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RSSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Receiver Gate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.5 Replacing the SI Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 5.6 Replacing the Transmitter and Receiver Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.7 Replacing the Fan Power Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 5.8 Replacing the Temperature Sensor Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 5.9 Replacing the AC Power Supply Unit, Fan and Filter Module . . . . . . . . .
7.6 Data Repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.1 Link Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.2 Applying Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.3 Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.6.4 Audio Level Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preface Scope of Manual Welcome to the TB7100 Installation and Operation Manual. This manual provides information on installing and operating the TB7100 base station. Also included in this manual are a high-level circuit description, a functional description and a maintenance guide. Enquiries and Comments If you have any enquiries regarding this manual, or any comments, suggestions and notifications of errors, please contact Technical Support (refer to “Tait Contact Information” on page 2).
Document Conventions “File > Open” means “click File on the menu bar, then click Open on the list of commands that pops up”. “Channel Setup > Channels > Detailed” means “in the navigation pane find the Channel Setup group, and select Channels from it, on the Channels page select the Detailed tab”. Within this manual, four types of alerts are given to the reader: Warning, Caution, Important and Note. The following paragraphs illustrate each type of alert and its associated symbol.
Publication Record Issue Publication Date Description 1 May 2005 First release 2 December 2005 Internal AC power supply, A4 and D1 bands added.
TB7100 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited December 2005
1 Introduction Figure 1.1 TB7100 base stations Configuration with provision for internal AC power supply* Configuration without provision for internal AC power supply* *cover removed The TB7100 is a software and hardware link-configured base station which is designed for operation in a large variety of standard frequency ranges. It makes extensive use of digital and DSP technology. Many operating parameters such as channel spacing, audio bandwidth and signalling are controlled by software.
1.1 Frequency Bands The base station is available in the following frequency bands: ■ 66 to 88MHz (A4) ■ 136 to 174MHz (B1) ■ 216 to 266 MHz (D1) ■ 400 to 470MHz (H5) ■ 450 to 530MHz (H6) ■ 450 to 520MHz (H7) The RF band of the base station is implemented by the frequency band of the transmitter and receiver modules. 1.2 RF Output Power The base station is available with 25W and 50W/40W RF output power. The RF output power options are implemented by different transmitter and receiver modules.
1.3 Power Supply Options The base station is available with or without an internal AC power supply. All base stations have an external DC input power connector which is used as main power supply when no internal AC power supply is fitted. When the internal AC power supply is fitted, the DC input can be used as a DC backup power option. In case of AC mains failure the base station will automatically and seamlessly switch to DC power input.
1.5 Product Codes This section describes the product codes used to identify products of the TB7100 base station product line.
2 Mechanical Description The base station consists of the following main modules: Overview Figure 2.1 ■ tray b ■ UI board (user interface) d ■ receiver module h ■ transmitter module i ■ SI board (system interface) 1) ■ internal AC power supply unit 1@ (if fitted). Parts of the base station (configuration with internal AC power supply unit shown) f e g h d i j c b 1# 1@ 1! 1) All modules and boards are mounted from above into the 1U tray b.
2.1 Tray The 1U tray consists of a mild steel folded chassis and a flat cover (not shown) which is fastened to the chassis with 15 Torx T10 screws. The tray can be fitted into a standard 19 inch rack or cabinet using the two rack mounting brackets. The front panel has holes to accommodate the controls and the microphone/programming connector of the UI board. The rear panel has holes to accommodate the connectors and the fuse holder of the SI board, the antenna connectors, and a ground terminal.
2.3 Receiver Module The receiver module is mounted in the front left of the tray with five Torx T10 screws g. The receiver module is a printed circuit board in SMT design with components on the top and bottom sides. A digital board is reflow-soldered to the receiver. Most components are shielded by metal cans. There are different boards for each frequency band and each RF output power configuration.
2.4 Transmitter Module The transmitter module consisting of a transmitter board f mounted on a purpose-designed heatsink 1) is mounted in the left rear of the tray with four Torx T10 screws (not shown). The transmitter board is a printed circuit board in SMT design with components on the top and bottom sides. A digital board is reflow-soldered to the board. Most components are shielded by metal cans. There are different boards for each frequency band and each RF output power configuration.
2.5 SI Board The SI board is mounted in the rear right of the tray with two Torx T10 screws 1), one Pozidriv screw j, and two spring clips 1!. The SI board has the following external connectors: ■ 13.8V DC power connector (labelled 12V DC) b ■ system connector (labelled SYSTEM) c ■ serial data connector (labelled IOIOI) D.
2.6 AC Power Supply Unit The base station may be fitted with an internal AC power supply unit f , an AC filter module d, and an additional fan g. The AC filter module has a standard AC connector that fits into a provision on the rear of the tray. The AC filter module slides into securing tabs on the tray floor and is held in place by the AC power supply unit. Note Mechanical configurations without the provision for a standard AC connector cannot be upgraded with the internal AC power supply unit.
3 Functional Description This section describes some principles of the base station operation. Figure 3.1 shows the high-level block diagram of the base station. Figure 3.
The block diagram illustrates the main inputs and outputs for power, RF and control signals, as well as the interconnection between modules: ■ program data and audio from the PROG/MIC socket on the UI board to and from the transmitter and receiver modules ■ audio and signalling from the SYSTEM connector to and from the transmitter and receiver modules ■ RS-232 data from the serial data connector (IOIOI) to and from the transmitter and receiver modules ■ fan power and control from the SI board ■ pow
3.1 Receiver Operation Parts of Receiver Board The main circuit parts of the receiver modules are: ■ receiver ■ frequency synthesizer ■ CODEC (coder-decoder) and audio circuitry ■ power supply ■ interface circuitry Software plays a prominent role in the functioning of the radio. When describing the operation of the radio the software must be included with the above. This is considered further below. These functional parts are described in detail below. Figure 3.
Quadrature Demodulator The LO for the image-reject mixer (quadrature demodulator) is synthesized and uses the TCXO (temperature-compensated crystal oscillator) as a reference. This ensures good centring of the IF filters and more consistent group-delay performance. The quadrature demodulator device has an internal frequency division of 2 so the second LO operates at 2 x (IF1 + 64kHz).
The following items within the receiver path are calibrated in the Factory: Calibration ■ front-end tuning ■ AGC ■ noise squelch ■ RSSI (received signal strength indication) Information on the calibration of these items is given in the on-line help facility of the calibration application. 3.1.3 Audio Processing and Signalling Audio Processing Raw demodulated data from the receiver is processed within the DSP.
3.2 Transmitter Operation The main circuit parts of the transmitter board are: Parts of Transmitter Board ■ transmitter ■ frequency synthesizer ■ CODEC (coder-decoder) and audio circuitry ■ power supply ■ interface circuitry Software plays a prominent role in the functioning of the board. When describing the operation of the radio the software must be included with the above. This is considered further below. These functional parts are described in detail below. Figure 3.
Automatic Level Control The ALC (automatic level control) follows, and is used to effectively increase dynamic range by boosting the gain of the microphone pre-amplifier under quiet conditions and reducing the gain under noisy acoustic conditions. The ALC function resides in the DSP and controls the microphone programmable-gain amplifier in the CODEC. The ALC has a fast-attack (about 10ms) and slow-decay (up to 2s) characteristic.
The RF PLL consists of the following: RF PLL ■ RF PLL device ■ loop filter ■ VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) ■ VCO output switch The RF PLL has fast-locking capability but coarse frequency resolution. The above combination of control loops creates improved frequency generation and acquisition capabilities. Operation of Control Loop The RF PLL is a conventional integer-N design with frequency resolution of 25kHz. In transmit mode the loop locks to the transmit frequency.
In the system employed in the transmitter board, the frequency reference is generated by the FCL, which itself requires dual-point modulation injection to allow modulation down to DC. With another modulation point required in the RF PLL, this system therefore requires triple-point modulation. The modulation signals applied to the FCL are in digital form, whereas for the RF PLL (VCO) the modulation signal is applied in analog form.
3.2.3 RF Power Amplifier RF Power Amplifier and Switching (50W/40W Version) The RF power amplifier and exciter of the 50W/40W radio is a five-stage line-up with approximately 40dB of power gain. The output of the frequency synthesizer is first buffered to reduce kick during power ramping. The buffer output goes to a discrete exciter that produces approximately 300 to 400mW output. This is followed by an LDMOS driver producing up to 8W output that is power-controlled.
Figure 3.4 Typical ramping waveforms Power Bias Power ramp ramp Power Bias ramp ramp High power Low power Time Bias Ramp-up The steady-state final-stage bias level is supplied by an 8-bit DAC programmed prior to ramp-up but held to zero by a switch on the DAC output under the control of a TX INHIBIT signal. Bias ramp-up begins upon release by the TX INHIBIT signal with the ramping shape being determined by a low-pass filter.
3.3 User Interface Operation This section describes the programming/microphone connector and the controls of the user interface, and the function of the UI board. Figure 3.5 shows the controls and indicators of the user interface. Figure 3.
Function Keys Pressing the function keys will activate the functions assigned using the programming application. Function keys may have functions assigned to both short and long key presses. A short key press is less than one second, and a long key press is more than one second. Volume Control and Internal Speaker Rotate the volume control potentiometer clockwise to increase the speaker volume and counterclockwise to decrease the volume.
Figure 3.
3.4 System Interface Operation This section describes the functioning of the system interface. The system interface provides: ■ internal power distribution ■ internal AC/external DC switching ■ serial data connection (THSD or FFSK) ■ fan control ■ general purpose IO ■ receiver audio processing ■ transmitter audio processing ■ opto-isolated keying ■ relay output ■ received signal strength indication (RSSI) ■ receiver gate output ■ receiver inhibit input ■ 13.8VDC (1.
Figure 3.7 SI board block diagram SI Board 13.8V Mains fail signal AC Power Supply Unit 13.8V Fuse 4.5V 13.8V 9V Power Supplies 3.3V AGND IN DC Power Connector 13.8V out 13.8V out 9V 4.5V 13.8V RX AUDIO OUT RX LINE OUT AUD IN Audio TX AUDIO IN TOI TONE TX LINE IN Transmitter Module 13.8V 4.5V 9V 3.3V AUX IO TX KEY TX KEY RX INHIBIT TX DATA Control and Signalling RELAY DRIVER OPTO DIG IO 13.
3.4.1 Internal Power Distribution This section details how the input power feed is distributed throughout the base station to power its various sub-systems. Refer to Figure 3.8 for more information. Figure 3.8 Power distribution Interface Digital Board Transmitter 3V 2.5V CODEC and Audio 3.3V 9V 6V 13.8V Power Supply Circuitry Fan Power Board DC Power Source Fuse Fan Control Circuitry 4.5V 3.3V Control Circuitry Data Circuitry 9V 13.
the receiver and transmitter boards and to the 13.8VDC output on the SYSTEM connector, rated at 1.5A. The 13.8VDC is also used to power the fans, via control circuitry. Note 3.3V, 4.5V, 9V, 13.8V 3.4.2 THSD 3.4.3 The UI board obtains 13.8V and 3.3V from the receiver module and outputs 13V8_SW to the PROG/MIC connector. The other voltages derived on the SI board are used only on the SI board.
The SI board provides an unbalanced audio input and output for connecting to other devices. 3.4.7 Opto Isolated Keying External keying of the base station can be achieved using the current regulated optically isolated keying connections. 3.4.8 Relay Output The SI board can provide a relay output with a load voltage of 350V or load current of 120mA continuous. The SI board can also provide a relay driver output.
3.5 Fan Operation The cooling fans are mounted behind the front panel. All fans in the chassis must be of the same type. Dissipation of Heat Heat needs to be dissipated from a number of components within the internal AC power supply unit, transmitter and receiver modules, including the following: ■ 9V regulator ■ RF PA ■ driver for RF PA ■ audio PA The mechanisms by which the heat is conducted away in each case are described below.
4 Installation This section describes how to install the base station in a standard 19-inch rack or cabinet. It also provides some general information on safety precautions and site requirements. We recommend that you read the entire section before beginning the installation. 4.1 Personal Safety 4.1.1 Lethal Voltages The base station may be fitted with an internal AC power supply unit.
4.1.2 Explosive Environments Warning!! 4.1.3 Do not operate base station equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere. Operating the equipment in these environments is a definite safety hazard. Proximity to RF Transmissions Do not operate the transmitter when someone is standing within 90cm (3ft) of the antenna. Do not operate the transmitter unless you have checked that all RF connectors are secure. 4.1.
Figure 4.1 Typical antistatic bench set-up conductive wrist strap dissipative rubber bench mat common point ground (building ground or mains ground via 1MΩ series resistor) 4.2.2 Antenna Load The base station has been designed to operate safely under a wide range of antenna loading conditions. However, damage will occur if the load is removed while the base station is transmitting. Transmitting into a low VSWR will maximise the power delivered to the antenna. 4.2.
4.3.2 FCC Compliance1 This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference. 4.3.3 Unauthorised Modifications Any modifications you make to this equipment which are not authorised by Tait Electronics Ltd. may invalidate your compliance authority’s approval to operate the equipment. 4.3.
4.4 Environmental Conditions 4.4.1 Operating Temperature Range The operating temperature range is –30°C to +60°C (–22°F to +140°F) ambient temperature for the 25W base station and –30°C to +50°C (–22°F to +122°F) ambient temperature for the 50W and 40W base stations. Ambient temperature is defined as the temperature of the air at the intake to the cooling fans. 4.4.2 Humidity The humidity should not exceed 95% relative humidity through the specified operating temperature range. 4.4.
4.6 Recommended Tools It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every tool that an installation technician should carry.
Figure 4.
■ ■ ■ ■ ■ a distance of 5cm minimum clearance to any obstruction to the front of the tray. an open area of at least 50cm2 (8in2) per tray of ventilation slots or louvres in front of the air intakes for the fans for each tray; for example ten 6×85mm (0.25×3.3in) slots will allow the recommended airflow. a distance of 10cm minimum clearance to any obstruction to the rear of the tray.
4.8 Installing the Base Station 4.8.1 Unpacking the Equipment Unpacking the Base Station Disposal of Packaging 4.8.2 The base station is packed in a strong corrugated cardboard carton with top and bottom foam cushions. 1. Cut the tape securing the flaps at the top of the carton and fold them flat against the sides. 2. Rotate the carton carefully onto its side and then onto its top, ensuring that none of the flaps is trapped underneath. 3.
4.8.3 Power Supply Options The base station is available with or without an internal AC power supply unit. All base stations have an external DC input power connector which is used as main power supply when no internal AC power supply unit is fitted. When the internal AC power supply unit is fitted, the DC input can be used as a DC backup power option. In case of AC mains failure the base station will automatically and seamlessly switch to DC power input.
4.8.5 Mounting the Base Station Figure 4.4 1. Fit the base station into the cabinet or rack and secure it firmly with an M6 (or 0.25in if you are using imperial fittings) screw, flat and spring washer in each of the four main mounting holes b, as shown in Figure 4.4 on page 51. 2. The base station can be wall-mounted by rotating the front mounting brackets and fitting the optional rear brackets (TBBA03-01).
4.8.6 Cabling We recommend that you route all cables to and from the base station along the side of the cabinet so the cooling airflow is not restricted. Cables should be well supported so that the connectors or terminals on the base station and on the ends of the cables do not have to support the full weight of the cables. Cables must be routed so that they do not restrict the air outlets at the rear of the base station. 4.8.
5 Replacing Modules This section describes how to: General ■ remove and open and close the base station ■ remove and fit the modules and components Important Before disassembling the base station, disconnect the base station from any test equipment or power supply. Disassemble only as much as necessary to replace the defective parts. Inspect all disassembled parts for damage and replace them, if necessary. Observe the torque settings indicated in the relevant figures.
5.1 Removing the Base Station and Opening the Tray Important Figure 5.1 The modules in the base station are not hot-pluggable. It is recommended the tray is removed from the rack before any modules are replaced. Opening the tray b c e d f Configuration with internal AC power supply unit shown 54 g 1. If an internal AC Power supply is fitted, disconnect the base station from AC power g. 2. Remove the fuse e at the rear of the base station to disconnect the base station from DC power. 3.
5.2 Removal Replacing the UI Board 1. Remove the volume knob by pulling slowly but firmly. The knob is a friction fit and can leave the collet behind on the shaft. If this happens, remove the collet from the shaft and place inside the knob. 2. Disconnect the speaker connector b. 3. Use a Torx T10 screwdriver to remove the three screws c together with the spring washers and flat washers. 4.
5.3 Replacing the Receiver Module Note Removal Figure 5.3 Release the latch underneath the DC power connector before attempting to disconnect it. 1. Disconnect the cables to the RF b, DC power c, system interface d, and the user interface e connectors. 2. Use a Torx T10 screwdriver to remove the five screws f and g together with the spring washers and flat washers. 3. Lift the receiver module clear of the chassis. 4. Make sure not to lose the metal heatsink g for the audio PA.
5.4 Replacing the Transmitter Module Note Removal Figure 5.4 Release the latch underneath the DC power connector before attempting to disconnect it. 1. Disconnect the cables to the RF b, DC power c, system interface d, and the user interface f connectors. 2. Use a Torx T10 screwdriver to remove the screw h fastening the temperature sensor to the heatsink. 3. Use a Torx T10 screwdriver to remove the four screws g fastening the heatsink to the tray chassis. 4.
5.5 Replacing the SI Board Removal 1. Disconnect the system interface cables e to the transmitter and the receiver, the fan control cable f , the temperature sensor cable g, and the mains power present cable, and move them to one side. 2. Remove the DC power cables h and move them to one side. Note the connection positions. 3. Use a Torx T10 screwdriver to remove the two screws j. Use a PZ1 Pozidriv screwdriver to remove the screw i on the heatsink of U406. 4.
5.6 Removal Replacing the Transmitter and Receiver Fans 1. Use a Torx T10 screw driver to remove the four screws b securing the fan duct d in the tray chassis. 2. Disconnect the fan control loom from the fan power board c. Slide back the fan duct d and lift clear. 3. Unplug the fan to be replaced from the fan power board c on the fan duct d. 4. Use a PZ1 Pozidriv screwdriver to remove the two M3×25mm screws e and remove the fan. Figure 5.6 Replacing the transmitter and receiver fans f PZ1 4.
5.7 Replacing the Fan Power Board Note The fan power board is manufactured as part of the UI board and cannot be ordered separately. For more information, refer to “Spare Parts” in the service manual. The circled numbers in this section refer to the items in Figure 5.6 on page 59. 5.8 1. Disconnect the fan control cable and the fan cables from the fan power board c. 2. Use a Torx T10 screwdriver to remove the screw f attaching the fan power board c to the fan duct d. 3.
5.9 Replacing the AC Power Supply Unit, Fan and Filter Module Removal 1. Disconnect the base station from AC mains power. 2. Remove the fuse at the rear of the base station to disconnect the base station from DC power. 3. Disconnect the fan g at connector PL7 1! of the UI board. 4. Use a Torx T10 screwdriver to remove the two screws e that hold the AC power supply f unit to the main chassis. 5. Slide the AC power supply unit from its position to gain access to the fan. 6.
Fitting 5.10 1. Slide the AC filter module d into the securing tabs at the rear of the tray. 2. Place the fan g into position on the AC power supply unit f and use a PZ1 screwdriver to fasten the two M3×25 screws h to 4.5lb·in (0.5N·m). 3. Connect the AC power supply unit to the AC filter module. 4. Slide the AC power supply unit into position on the tray and connect the fan to connector PL7 1! on the UI board. 5.
5.11 Final Reassembly Figure 5.8 shows the assembled configuration with internal AC power supply unit. Figure 5.9 shows the assembled configuration without internal AC power supply unit. Figure 5.8 1. Ensure all internal cables are connected correctly as shown below. 2. Place the tray cover onto the chassis. 3. Use a Torx T10 torque-driver to fasten the tray cover with the 15 countersunk screws to 4.5lb·in (0.5N·m). 4. Fit the fuse b at the rear of the base station.
Figure 5.
6 Connections This section gives an overview of looms and cables, and describes the specifications and pinouts of the external and internal connectors. Overview Figure 6.1 provides an overview of the connections.
6.1 External Connectors Figure 6.2 shows the external connectors: Figure 6.2 External connectors (configuration with internal AC Power supply unit shown) programming/microphone connector (PROG/MIC) AC power connector AC Power Connection serial data connector (IOIOI) system connector (SYSTEM) DC power connector (13.8VDC 13A MAX) ground receiver transmitter point antenna antenna connector connector (TX/ANT)* *Tx/ANT is Tx and Rx, if the duplexer is fitted.
DC Power Connection The base station is designed to accept a nominal 13.8V DC, with negative ground. The DC power connector (J105) at the rear of the base station is a heavyduty M4 screw terminal connector suitable for many forms of connection. Pin Signal Name Signal Type 1 13.
The RF input to the base station is via the RX connector (N-type) on the rear panel of the base station. The RF output is via the TX/ANT connector (N-type) on the rear panel of the base station. RF Connections (RX and TX/ANT) The RF connector is an N-type connector with an impedance of 50Ω. Important Pin B Signal Name Signal Type 1 RF RF analog 2 GND RF ground Notes C rear view 68 The maximum RF input level is +27dBm. Higher levels may damage the radio.
System Connector (SYSTEM) The system connector (J106) at the rear of the base station is a 25-way standard-density D-range socket. Pin 1 2 B C D E F G H I J 1) 1! 1@ 1# 1$ 1% 1^ 1& 1* 1( 2) 2! 2@ 2# 2$ 2% 3 4 5 6 7 Signal Name Rx line output + Tx/Rx digital input 1 (AUX_GPI1) Tx/Rx digital input 2 (AUX_GPI2) Rx line output – Tx line input + Tx/Rx digital input 3 (AUX_GPI3) Tx/Rx digital input 4 (AUX_GPIO4) Signal Type audio output input transformer isolated line <6dBm high ≥1.7 V, low ≤0.
Serial Data Connector (IOIOI) The serial data connector (J1054) labelled IOIOI is a 9-way female D-range connector, which provides a data connection to the base station.
6.2 Internal Connectors 6.2.1 Transmitter and Receiver Connectors The internal connectors of the transmitter and receiver are the same for both modules. Note The signals on the user interface connectors are different for the transmitter and the receiver. RF Connectors The RF connectors of the transmitter and the receiver are N-type connectors with an impedance of 50 Ω. DC Power Connectors The DC power connectors of the transmitter and the receiver are the interface for the primary 13.
The auxiliary connectors of the transmitter and receiver are 15-way standard-density D-range sockets. Auxiliary Connectors Pin B C D E F G H I J 1) 1! 1@ 1# 1$ 1% external view User Interface Connector 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Signal Name AUX GPIO7 AUX GPIO4 AUX RXD AUX GPI3 AUX GPI2 RSSI AUX TAP IN 13.
6.2.2 SI Board Connectors The two DC power connectors (J102 and J103) on the SI board are heavyduty M4 screw terminals. J102 (if fitted) accepts power from the internal AC power supply unit. J103 distributes the DC power to the transmitter and the receiver. DC Power Connectors Pin Signal Name Signal Type 1 Tx and Rx 13.
The system interface connector (J100) to the receiver is a 16-way surfacemounted connector.
6.2.3 UI Board Connectors The user interface connector (SK1) to the transmitter is a 16-way MicroMaTch connector. User Interface Connector to Transmitter .
Connections TB7100 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited December 2005
7 Preparation for Operation 7.1 Introduction The base station operation can be modified by the use of links and programmable settings. The base station can be configured for operation in the following basic modes of operation: 7.2 ■ Line-controlled base: The base station transmit audio and key is derived via the system interface. Audio response is link-selectable.
7.3 Line-controlled Base In the line-controlled base mode the audio and control signals are routed from the external 25-way D-range connector through the system interface to the receiver and transmitter modules. External equipment is used to control the operation of the base station. Figure 7.1 Line-controlled base RF In RF Out Tx Key Tx Audio Transmitter Rx Gate Rx Audio Receiver System Interface 7.3.
Calibration Test Unit (CTU) ■ audio level meter ■ audio signal generator. The CTU is used to configure and test the base station. The same CTU is used for TB8000 and TB9000 base station equipment, so only some of the features on the CTU apply to the TB7100 base station. The CTU adaptor is plugged into the system connector of the CTU. The CTU cable is plugged into the system connector of the base station.
7.3.3 Link Settings Remove the cover as detailed in “Removing the Base Station and Opening the Tray” on page 54 and set the following links on the SI board. Links of the mandatory settings must be in the position indicated. Links of the optional settings must be in one of the positions listed. The defaults are generally recommended. Replace the cover as detailed in “Final Reassembly” on page 63. Table 7.
Figure 7.2 System interface link positions J207 W401 W402 J206 J507 J501 J500 7.3.4 J503 J400 J502 Applying Power Before turning on the base station, check that: ■ all looms and cables at the front and rear of the base station are fitted correctly ■ all connectors are secure ■ the 20A fuse is fitted. Turn on the power supply and check that the base station powers up correctly: ■ The power LED on the user interface lights up. ■ The LCD indicates the current channel number.
7.3.5 Programming To program a base station for line-controlled base operation follow the instructions below. Do not add CTCSS or any additional settings at this stage. These are covered in “Programmable Features” on page 105. See “Connecting to the PC” on page 105 before beginning. Transmitter 1. Place the transmit/receive programming switch on the user interface into the transmit position. 2. Read the transmitter or start with a new transmitter data file. 3.
6. 7. 7.3.6 ■ receive frequency ■ Rx subaudible signalling value (leave as “None”) ■ squelch setting ■ bandwidth. Open the key settings form and select the required function for each function key. For example: ■ FN1 = Preset Channel (same as transmitter) ■ FN2 = Preset Channel (same as transmitter) ■ FN3 = Preset Channel (same as transmitter) ■ FN4 = Monitor / Squelch override Program the receiver. Receiver Audio Level Adjustment Unbalanced Line Balanced Line 1.
7.3.7 Receiver Functional Testing This section describes how to test some parameters which are commonly monitored. Sensitivity RSSI Level The sensitivity can be measured using either the balanced or unbalanced audio output. 1. Connect the required audio output from the CTU to the audio input port on the test set. 2. Connect the RF output from the test set to the Rx input on the rear panel. 3. Set up the test set to measure the SINAD level. 4.
3. Set the RF signal generator to the correct RF frequency, modulated with a 1kHz audio tone at 60% of full system deviation. 4. Set the RF output level to –70dBm. 5. Verify that the receiver gate opens and the busy LED turns on. 6. Reduce the RF level until the mute closes. This RF level is the mute close threshold. 7. Increase the RF level until the mute opens. This RF level is the mute open threshold. 8. The difference between these two levels is the mute hysteresis.
Unbalanced Line 7.3.9 5. Adjust RV500 (BAL IN) on the rear panel to the required deviation (typically 60% of full system deviation). 1. Set up the test set to measure the transmitter modulation level. 2. Connect the CTU unbalanced input to the audio output port on the test set. 3. Set up the test set audio output to be 1kHz at the required line level (typically 1Vp-p). 4. Activate the Tx Key switch and verify that the transmission is at the programmed power level and frequency. 5.
Note Maximum Deviation If the measured value does not agree with the programmed settings, the transmitter module is either faulty or needs recalibrating. When measuring the maximum deviation, the audio input signal can be via either the balanced or unbalanced audio input. If CTCSS is to be added, this should be done before carrying out this test. Refer to “Enabling Subaudible Signalling” on page 115 for instructions. 1. Set up the test set to measure the deviation of the RF signal. 2.
7.4 Talk Through Repeater Once the base station has been set up and tested as a line-controlled base, it is simple to convert it into a talk through repeater. In this mode of operation the received audio and receiver gate from the receiver module are looped back to the transmitter. Figure 7.3 Talk through repeater RF In RF Out Tx Key Tx Audio Transmitter Rx Gate Rx Audio Receiver System Interface 7.4.
7.4.2 Test Equipment Setup 7.4.3 1. Connect the PC to the programming port on the front panel of the base station. See “Connecting to the PC” on page 105. 2. Connect the receiver N-type connector to the RF test set (signal generator) output port. 3. Connect the transmitter N-type connector to the RF test set (power and modulation meter) input port, check the test set is rated for the transmit power of the base station. 4. Connect the 13.
Note Figure 7.4 By default the audio frequency response will be flat. System interface link positions J500 7.4.4 J503 J400 J502 J501 Applying Power Before turning on the base station, check that: ■ all looms and cables at the front and rear of the base station are fitted correctly ■ all connectors are secure ■ the 20A fuse is fitted. Turn on the power supply and check that the base station powers up correctly: 7.4.5 ■ The power LED on the user interface lights up.
7.4.6 Audio Level Adjustment There is no audio level adjustment necessary in repeater mode. The internal linking is designed to produce a repeater with no talk through gain. If talk through gain is required it can be implemented by linking back the audio using a DB25 connector on the system interface and setting the audio levels as required, see “Alternate Talk Through Repeater Configuration” on page 92 for a more detailed explanation. 7.4.
7.4.8 Alternate Talk Through Repeater Configuration Audio Frequency Response When a talk through repeater is created by linking the audio path using links J502 and J503, the default frequency response is flat audio. The pre/deemphasis links J500 and J501 are not in the audio path and have no effect. Repeater Talk Through Gain When a talk through repeater is created by linking the audio path using links J502 and J503, the repeater will have no talk through gain.
7.5 RF Modem In RF modem mode the transmitter and receiver are connected to the serial interface and any data on the serial interface is transmitted. Any data received is forwarded to the PC. Figure 7.5 RF modem RF In RF Out Transmitter Tx Data Rx Data Receiver Serial Interface 7.5.
Calibration Test Unit (CTU) The CTU is used to configure and test the base station. The same CTU is used for TB8000 and TB9000 base station equipment, so only some of the features on the CTU apply to the TB7100 base station. The CTU adaptor is plugged into the system connector of the CTU. The CTU cable is plugged into the system connector of the base station. For more information on the CTU refer to the TBA0STU/TBA0STP Calibration and Test Unit Operation Manual (MBA-00013-xx). 7.5.
Table 7.6 LINK RF modem—optional settings Name Pins Position Function Comments J206 Fan Control 1 3 1-2 2-3 Fan controlled by J207 Fan always on J207 Fan Control 2 3 2-3 Fan temperature-controlled Do not use position 1-2 (Tx keyactivated fan). The transmitter will automatically key up when there is data to send. This will not activate the Tx key line and therefore will not activate the fan. Figure 7.6 Default position is 1-2 System interface link positions J221 7.5.
7.5.5 Programming Please see the line-controlled base “Programming” on page 82 for details on how to program the base station for RF modem operation. 7.5.6 Audio Level Adjustment In this configuration the system interface connector is not used, so it is not necessary to set the line output level or line input sensitivity. 7.5.7 Programming for FFSK Operation To program a base station for FFSK operation: Transmitter 1. Read the transmitter or start with a new transmitter data file. 2.
mode baud rate to 1200, the Flow control to None and the data port to the required data port. ■ 9. Receiver Ensure hardware flow control is set to None. Open the data form RF modems tab. The THSD modem settings do not apply and can be ignored. In the FFSK modem section set up the following: ■ Ignore CTCSS/DCS can be disabled (CTCSS/DCS is not used in this example). ■ Enable Check Packet Length. ■ Disable FFSK Tone Blanking. ■ FFSK Lead-In Delay default of 500ms is suitable but can be changed.
8. 9. 10. 7.5.8 ■ In the serial communications setup field set the FFSK transparent mode baud rate to 1200, the Flow control to None and the data port to the required data port. ■ Ensure hardware flow control is set to None. Open the data form RF modems tab. The THSD modem settings do not apply and can be ignored. In the FFSK modem section set up the following: ■ Ignore CTCSS/DCS can be disabled (CTCSS/DCS is not used in this example). ■ Enable Check Packet Length. ■ Disable FFSK Tone Blanking.
7. 8. 9. Receiver Open the data form and in the general tab: ■ In the command mode section disable all check boxes. ■ In the transparent mode section select transparent mode enabled and THSD modem enabled and de-select the ignore escape sequence check box. ■ Set Power Up State to THSD transparent mode.
7. 8. 9. 10. 7.5.9 Open the data form and in the general tab: ■ In the command mode section disable all check boxes. ■ In the transparent mode section select transparent mode enabled and THSD modem enabled and de-select the ignore escape sequence check box. ■ Set Power Up State to THSD transparent mode.
Figure 7.7 RF modem test setup Antenna Dummy Load TM8000 Mobile Radio Terminal Application Terminal Application System Interface Transmitter Receiver PROG/MIC Tx/Rx CHANNEL POWER Tx BUSY F1 F2 F3 F4 VOLUME The correct operation of the base station as an RF modem can be verified by transferring text files between the two PCs. 7.6 Data Repeater In data repeater mode the base station will transmit all valid received data. Figure 7.
7.6.1 Link Settings Remove the cover as detailed in “Removing the Base Station and Opening the Tray” on page 54 and set the following links on the SI board. Links of the mandatory settings must be in the position indicated. Links of the optional settings must be in one of the positions listed. The defaults are generally recommended. Replace the cover as detailed in “Final Reassembly” on page 63. Table 7.
Figure 7.9 System interface link positions J221 7.6.2 J500 J503 J400 J502 J501 Applying Power Before turning on the base station, check that: ■ all looms and cables at the front and rear of the base station are fitted correctly ■ all connectors are secure ■ the 20A fuse is fitted. Turn on the power supply and check that the base station powers up correctly: 7.6.3 ■ The power LED on the user interface lights up. ■ The LCD indicates the current channel number.
7.6.5 Data Repeater Functional Testing In order to verify the correct operation as a data repeater a basic functional test can be carried out. This involves sending data from one TM8000 mobile radio to another TM8000 through the TB7100 base station. The following equipment will be required: ■ DC power supply ■ antenna for receiver input ■ dummy load for transmitter output ■ two TM8000 mobile radios capable of sending and receiving the required data format.
7.8 Programmable Features The programmable features are applied to the transmitter and receiver modules by using the TB7100 programming application. 7.8.1 Connecting to the PC 1. Plug the TPA-SV-006 or T2000-A19 programming lead into the RS-232 serial port on a PC. Note A USB-to-RS-232 adaptor can be used if the PC does not have a built in serial port. 2. Connect the TMAA20-04 adaptor cable (RJ12 socket to RJ45 plug) to the RJ12 plug on the TPA-SV-006 or T2000-A19 programming lead. 3.
Feature Function Menus Located along the top of the screen, these allow the user to perform functions such as opening or saving data files, and reading or programming the modules. Toolbar Located just below the menu bar, the toolbar allows easy access to the most commonly used menu items. Radio Model Toolbar Located just below the toolbar, this indicates whether a newly loaded file type is for a receiver or transmitter module.
7.8.3 Mandatory Settings The mandatory settings must not be changed from their default states or the base station will not operate correctly. The mandatory settings in the receiver module are not the same as those in the transmitter module. The reset to defaults feature in the TB7100 programming application will ensure all mandatory settings are correct for the selected module type. The mandatory settings are not locked out. It is possible to change a mandatory setting from its required state.
Transmitter Mandatory Settings Form The mandatory settings for the transmitter are shown below, if these change the transmitter will no longer operate. Tab Item Name Setting Data General Output SDMs Automatically Disabled Data Serial Communications Data_Port AUX Data Serial Communications XON_Character 11 Data Serial Communications XOFF_Character 13 Basic Settings Sub Audible Signalling Invert Rx DCS Disabled Channels Detailed RX_Frequency 000.
Receiver Userdefined Settings Form The user-defined settings for the receiver are shown below. The cells in grey denote that the value should stay as detailed because of other constraining settings.
Transmitter Userdefined Settings Form The user-defined settings for the transmitter are shown below.
The user-defined settings for the receiver digital IO are shown below. The cells in grey denote mandatory settings.
Transmitter Audio Rx/PTT Type The user-defined settings for the transmitter audio IO are shown below. The cells in grey denote mandatory settings. Tap In Tap In Unmute Tap In Type Tap Out Tap Out Type Tap Out Unmute Rx None A-Bypass In On PTT None D-Split On PTT Mic PTT None A-Bypass In On PTT None C-Bypass Out On PTT EPTT1 T8 A-Bypass In On PTT None C-Bypass Out On PTT EPTT2 None A-Bypass In On PTT None C-Bypass Out On PTT 7.8.
Programmable I/O line. This line could be connected to the lighting control circuit at the site via the system interface connector. Example Two The customer also wants an acknowledgement sent back to confirm that the command to turn on the lights was received. At first the solution would appear to be to enable Selcall auto acknowledgments. However this would not work, because the base station has separate receiver and transmitter modules.
Digital Input Line Actions No Action Preset Channel Toggle Stand-by Mode Mute External Audio Input Power Sense (Ignition) Mute Audio Output Path Enter Emergency Mode Unmute Audio Output Path Send Channel Preset Call Send Mic Audio To Spkr Send Network Preset Call 1 Force Audio PA On External PTT 1 and 2 Force Audio PA Off Inhibit PTT Simulate F1 to F4 Key Toggle Tx RF Inhibit Toggle F1 to F4 Key LED Decrement Channel Toggle Alarm Mode Increment Channel Activate THSD Modem Home Channel
7.9 Additional Settings The additional link settings control the following functions: ■ Figure 7.11 subaudible signalling ■ CTCSS (continuous tone controlled squelch system) ■ DCS (digital coded squelch) ■ soft off (tx tail time) ■ tone on idle ■ fan operation ■ channel ID ■ relay polarity ■ channel increment and decrement by function buttons ■ CWID (carrier wave identification). System interface link positions W302 W300 J401 W402 RV400 RV401 W401 J207 J222 RV200 J206 W301 7.
Receiver Module 7.10.2 2. Open the channels form and select the required tone in the Tx Sig column. 3. Open the Networks > Basic Settings > Subaudible Signalling tab and configure the subaudible signalling settings (the defaults are suitable for most applications). 4. Program the new settings into the transmitter. 1. Read the data file out of the receiver module. 2. Open the channels table and select the required tone in the Rx Sig column. 3.
4. Set the RF output level to -70dBm. 5. Verify that the busy LED on the front panel of the base station turns on but the Rx gate LED on the CTU does not turn on, and no audio output is detected from the balanced line output. 6. Modulate the carrier with the required subaudible signalling. 7. Verify that the Rx gate LED on the CTU turns on, and that the 1kHz audio tone is detected by the test set, and that the measured distortion level is within the receiver specifications. 8.
7.11 Soft Off (Tx Tail Time) If subaudible signalling is used, a Tx tail time can be added using the Networks > Basic Settings > Subaudible Signalling tab. A lead out delay can be entered in the appropriate field. 7.11.1 Link Settings Remove the cover as detailed in “Removing the Base Station and Opening the Tray” on page 54 and set the jumper positions on the system interface to match the table below. Replace the cover as detailed in “Final Reassembly” on page 63. Refer to Figure 7.
7.12.1 Link Settings Remove the cover as detailed in “Removing the Base Station and Opening the Tray” on page 54 and set the jumper positions on the system interface to match the table below. Replace the cover as detailed in “Final Reassembly” on page 63. Refer to Figure 7.11 on page 115 for the link location. Table 7.10 LINK Ton on idle (TOI)—link settings Name W401 TOI 9V Enable Pins 2 W402 TOI 4.
7.13 Fan Operation The fans can be made to operate in three modes: ■ continuous ■ on when base station transmits ■ on at a set temperature. The fan operation can be set as shown in the table below. 7.13.1 Link Settings Remove the cover as detailed in “Removing the Base Station and Opening the Tray” on page 54 and set the jumper positions on the system interface to match the table below. Replace the cover as detailed in “Final Reassembly” on page 63. Refer to Figure 7.
The temperature threshold is set at the factory to 40°C. The potentiometer and test point to adjust the temperature threshold can be found on the system interface module. Refer to Figure 7.11 on page 115 for the location. Designator Function RV200 temperature threshold adjust J222 test point for temperature threshold When adjusting the temperature threshold the fans must be off. The temperature threshold to voltage relationship is shown in Figure 7.13 on page 121. Figure 7.
7.14 Channel ID Channel ID can be enabled using the links as below. 7.14.1 Link Settings Remove the cover as detailed in “Removing the Base Station and Opening the Tray” on page 54 and set the jumper positions on the system interface to match the table below. Replace the cover as detailed in “Final Reassembly” on page 63. Refer to Figure 7.11 on page 115 for the link location. Table 7.
7.15 Relay Polarity Relay operation can be configured to be energised when the receiver gate is active or inactive. 7.15.1 Link Settings Remove the cover as detailed in “Removing the Base Station and Opening the Tray” on page 54 and set the jumper positions on the system interface to match the table below. Replace the cover as detailed in “Final Reassembly” on page 63. Refer to Figure 7.11 on page 115 for the link location. Table 7.
7.17 Carrier Wave Identification (CWID) CWID is a morse identification feature that can be setup using the TB7100 programming application. 7.17.1 Station ID Can contain a preprogrammed station ID of up to 16 characters in length. The user may wish to prefix the letters DE before the message, meaning “from”. 7.17.2 Station ID 2/Message Can contain a second preprogrammed station ID or a message of up to 130 characters. 7.17.
with CTCSS decoders time to un-squelch before any Morse code is transmitted. 7.17.8 Transmit Time Out Time If programmed to 0 this function is off. Programming from 1 to 999 seconds will set the repeater to drop out after the number of seconds programmed in this register. The time out timer is designed to limit conversation length. 7.17.9 Transmit PTT Drop Out Time This register programs how many seconds the repeater’s transmitter will stay keyed after loss of COR/COS/CTCSS input.
Preparation for Operation TB7100 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited December 2005
8 Maintenance Guide The base station is designed to be very reliable and should require little maintenance. However, performing regular checks will prolong the life of the equipment and prevent problems from happening. It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every check that you should perform on your base station. The type and frequency of maintenance checks will depend on the location and type of your system.
Maintenance Guide TB7100 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited December 2005
Glossary This glossary contains an alphabetical list of terms and abbreviations related to the TB7100 base station. For information about trunking, mobile, or portable terms, consult the glossary provided with the relevant documentation. A accessory An accessory is an ancillary device fitted externally to a base station, such as an external microphone. active Digital outputs are active when the base station pulls their voltage low and current is flowing.
balanced line A balanced line has two wires carrying equal and opposite signals. It is typically used in a line-connected base station for connecting to the despatcher console. The system interface identifies the balanced line out as Rx line output + and Rx line output -, and the balanced line in as Tx line input + and Tx line input -. base station A base station is a tray containing transmitter, receiver and system interface modules.
city squelch When a radio’s noise mute threshold is programmed for city squelch, the radio is less sensitive to interference than if programmed for country squelch and so stronger signals are required for the radio’s speaker to unmute. City squelch is also known as local squelch. CODEC An IC which combines analog-to-digital conversion (coding) and digitalto-analog conversion (decoding).
continuously repeating code word. When assigning DCS signalling for a channel, you specify the three-digit code. de-emphasis De-emphasis is a filtering process in the receiver that attenuates higher frequency audio. It restores pre-emphasised audio to its original relative proportions. digital signal processor The device in a radio that analyses and processes signals in the digital domain. Also known as DSP.
F FFSK FFSK (fast frequency shift keying). In Trunking applications this is the method by which code words are sent over the control channel. In 1200 baud FFSK, a 1200 Hz tone represents a zero and an 1800 Hz tone represents a one. frequency band The range of frequencies that the equipment is capable of operating on. front panel The part of the chassis that has the user interface on it. Full Duplex Full duplex is the action of receiving and transmitting at the same time.
isolator An isolator is a passive two-port device which transmits power in one direction, and absorbs power in the other direction. It is used in a PA to prevent damage to the RF circuitry from high reverse power, and reduces the generation of spurious product due to the ingress of signals from other transmitters. K kerchunking Kerchunking is transmitting for a second or less without saying anything in order to test the base station. This results in a ‘kerchunk’ sound.
0 operating range Operating range is another term for switching range. P PA The PA (power amplifier) is a part of the transmitter that boosts the exciter output to a certain level sufficient to transmit via the antenna. power down Radio is switched off. power up Radio is switched on. pre-emphasis Pre-emphasis is a process in the transmitter that boosts higher audio frequencies. programming manipulating calibration database, radio database.
repeater A repeater receives a radio signal and re-transmits it. Use of a repeater increases the coverage area of a two-way radio system and ensures more reliable performance in areas where signals are reflected or attenuated by buildings or terrain. In a repeater-based system, the radio’s transmit frequency is the frequency the repeater is listening on, and the radio’s receive frequency is the frequency the repeater re-broadcasts signals on.
T TB7100 Base Station A TB7100 base station consists of the equipment necessary to receive and transmit on one channel. Generally, this means receiver, transmitter and system interface modules. Often abbreviated to TB7100 or base station. TCXO Temperature compensated crystal oscillator (voltage controlled). The frequency reference for the RF part of the radio.
U unbalanced line An unbalanced line has one wire earthed. It is typically used for short connections, for example, between a base station and a repeater on the same site. The system interface identifies the wires of unbalanced lines with Rx audio output, Tx audio input, and Ground. User Defined Settings The User Defined Settings are settings in the programming application that are specific to the customers application.
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Directive 1999/5/EC Declaration of Conformity da Dansk Undertegnede Tait Electronics Limited erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr TBBA4A, TBBB1A & TBBH5A overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF. Se endvidere: http://eudocs.taitworld.com/ de English Tait Electronics Limited declares that this TBBA4A, TBBB1A & TBBH5A complies with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC. See also: http://eudocs.taitworld.
TB7100 Installation and Operation Manual © Tait Electronics Limited December 2005
