www.s SOLECTEK CORPORATION 6370 Nancy Ridge Dr. Suite 109 San Diego, CA 92121 858-450-1220 fax 858-457-2681 olecte k.
Copyright Solectek Corporation 2000 All rights reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws. Revision number 1.01 First edition, March 2000 Printed in USA The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
Regulatory Information The SkyWay Series Wireless Bridge/Router operates in the 2.4 GHz band, complies with the IEEE 802.1D MAC bridging standard and supports SNMP monitoring if IP routing is enabled. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Radio Frequency Interference Statement This device complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules. Operation of this device is subject to the following two conditions: • It may not cause harmful interference. • It must accept any interference that may cause undesired operation.
Steps for minimizing or eliminating radio and television interference: • Change the channel • Reorient the radio or TV receiving antenna. • Relocate the computer and SkyWay Series Wireless Bridge/Router unit with respect to the receiver. • Plug the computer and SkyWay Series Wireless Bridge/Router into a different outlet so the computer and bridge/router are on different branch circuits. If necessary, consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for additional suggestions.
Regulatory Information: License. The technology and intellectual property embodied in the Product (the "Technology") are licensed, not sold, to you. You have a nonexclusive and nontransferable right only to connect the Product to and to use the Technology with a single license control utility. You may not modify or make inoperable authorization keys or license control utilities.
U.S. Government Restricted Rights Legend The Product is provided with Restricted Rights. Use, duplication, reproduction or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions in subdivision (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Product clause at 252.227-7013 and in subparagraphs (a) through (d) of the Commercial Product-Restricted Rights Clause at 52.22719. Contractor/Manufacturer is Solectek, 6370 Nancy Ridge Drive, Suite 109, San Diego, California.
Introduction Introduction The products and software programs described in this Users’ Guide are licensed products of SOLECTEK and are fully copyrighted. The information within this Operator’s Guide is proprietary and also is copyrighted. Information in this Operator’s Guide is subject to change without notice. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this Guide, SOLECTEK assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies.
Contact Information If the information in this Users’ Guide does not answer your questions, please contact SOLECTEK Corporation’s Technical Support Department. Our friendly and knowledgeable Technical Support staff is available to answer your questions Monday through friday, 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Pacific Time. If you prefer, you can submit questions to our 24-hour fax number or by e-mail. Voice support: (858)450-1220 24-hour fax number: (858)457-2681 E-mail address: support@solectek.
Warranty Warranty One Year Limited Warranty Subject to the conditions and procedures set forth below during the warranty period, Solectek will repair or replace, at Solectek’s option, such Solectek products or parts thereof which, on inspection by Solectek, are found to be covered by the limited warranties set forth below. The warranty period for new hardware products, which are listed on Solectek’s MSRP Price List at time of purchase, is twelve months from the date of shipment from Solectek.
After inspecting the failed unit, Solectek will repair or replace materially defective parts or components. All products that are replaced become the property of Solectek. If upon inspection by Solectek, a unit returned under warranty is deemed to be damaged or out of warranty for any reason, (see LIMITATIONS section below), Solectek will contact the customer with a price for the repair or replacement unit. Upon receipt of payment (wire transfer, certified check, credit card, etc.
Warranty MSRP Price List. Warranty is void if a Solectek product is installed at a destination other than the stated destination at time of purchase. DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH HEREIN, SOLECTEK HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE.
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Table of Contents Regulatory Information: ...................................... i Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Radio Frequency Interference Statement .............................................................i Information to the User ................................................................i Radio Transmission Notice ..........................................................ii End User License Agreement ......................................................ii U.S.
Chapter 1: Introducing Skyway ............................. 1 Intended Audience .............................................. 2 Using this Guide .................................................. 3 Conventions, warnings ........................................ 5 Menu and Command Names .......................................................5 Typed Text ...................................................................................5 Notes ..................................................................
Navigating Through Menus and Screens ..................................13 Dot Commands ..........................................................................14 How Screens Display Information .............................................15 Editing Fields ..............................................................................15 Field Types.................................................................................... 15 Saving Configuration Changes.............................................
Site Considerations ....................................................................30 Step One: Assess Your Network Requirements .......................... 30 Step Two: Map Wireless Network Pre-Design ............................ 30 Step Three: Perform a Site Survey ............................................... 31 Step Four: Finalize the Design ...................................................... 31 Bench Test.........................................................
Antenna Alignment and RF Link Verification ... 55 Chapter 5: Configuring and Managing SkyWay .... 57 Configuring SkyWay........................................... 58 Configuration Features Available ..............................................58 Setting System Configuration Parameters ....... 59 Setting Network Management Security Parameters...............59 1.1.1 Network Management Security Configuration.................... 59 Setting Network Management System Parameters ................61 1.1.
Configuring the Ports........................................ 69 Before you Begin ........................................................................69 Obtaining IP Addresses..............................................................69 Setting up IP Addresses.............................................................69 Configuring the SkyWay as a Base Station ...............................69 1.2.3.3 RF Transceiver Configuration ........................................... 72 RF Diagnostics Port...
BOOTP .......................................................................................98 Obtaining a Configuration Summary ........................................99 1.5 Configuration Summary ........................................................ 100 Internet Control Message Protocol ................ 102 SNMP ............................................................... 103 SNMP Features Available ........................................................103 Diagnostics ..........................
Security ........................................................... 123 Multi-level Password Security .................................................123 SNMP Security .........................................................................123 Chapter 6: Monitoring SkyWay..........................125 Monitoring Features Available........................ 126 System Status and Control Screens ................ 127 Taking a System Snap Shot .....................................................127 2.1.
2.5.3 RF-DLC Sub Poll Status ..................................................... 146 Checking the RF Signal Status.................................................147 2.5.4 RF Signal Status .................................................................. 147 Bridging Screens .............................................. 149 Checking Bridge and Spanning Tree Status ...........................149 2.3.1 Bridge and Spanning Tree Status .......................................
Chapter 7: Troubleshooting Skyway ................. 171 Symptom/Action Flowchart ............................ 172 Before You Call Solectek Tech Support .......... 173 Detailed description of the problem........................................... 173 2.1.1 General Status and Control Information............................ 173 Network Configuration .............................................................. 174 RF Network Configuration .........................................................
Appendix D: Detailed Product Specifications ...... 185 Appendix E: Supported Protocols ....................... 187 Bridged Protocols.....................................................................187 Routed Protocols......................................................................187 Management Protocols ............................................................187 Appendix F: Error Codes ..................................... 189 Appendix G: SNMP Trap Messages.......................
Appendix J: Glossary and Basic Concepts ........... 197 Basic Concepts ................................................ 198 Units of Measure ............................................. 201 Connection Types ............................................ 203 Antennas ......................................................... 204 Protocols ......................................................... 208 Equipment ....................................................... 209 Site Survey ..............................
Antenna......................................................... 218 Specifications............................................................................218 Wall Mount ...............................................................................219 Mast Mount ..............................................................................219 7002601: 17 dBi Outdoor Flat Panel Directional Antenna......................................................... 220 Specifications...............................
Index .................................................
Chapter 1: Introducing Skyway This User's Guide helps you install, configure, and manage the SkyWay Wireless Bridge/Router. This Guide also covers selected SkyWay Bridge/Router maintenance and troubleshooting procedures. This chapter includes the following information: Intended Audience.............................................................. 2 Using this Guide ................................................................. 3 Conventions, warnings .....................................................
Intended Audience This Users’ Guide contains everything you need to know to prepare for installation, install, and configure a SkyWay Wireless Bridge/Router. It assumes the following: • You are functioning in an Information Services or Building Facilities capacity • You have more than one year’s experience with networking, either wireless or traditional • You are familiar with basic networking concepts such as bridging, IP routing, WAN protocols, etc.
Using this Guide Using this Guide This guide contains the following chapters and appendixes: • Chapter 1 (this chapter) • Chapter 2: Getting to Know the SkyWay Bridge/Router This chapter provides an overview of the features and physical elements of the SkyWay Wireless Bridge/Router, including how to use the Administrative Console.
• Appendix G: SNMP Trap Messages This appendix lists the standard and enterprise SNMP traps. • Appendix H: Installation Recording Form This appendix provides the forms you should use to record installation parameters. • Appendix I: Sources of SNMP Management Software This appendix explains where to obtain SNMP management software. • Appendix J: Glossary and Basic Concepts This appendix lists and defines important terms used in this manual.
Conventions, warnings Conventions, warnings The following conventions are used in this Operator's Guide. Menu and Command Names Menu and command names appear in a bold typeface. typeface Typed Text Screen commands and text you are to type appear in a Courier typeface. Notes Notes are information requiring your attention. Warnings Warnings are statements that, if you ignore them, can damage the SkyWay Bridge/Router or cause injury to yourself or others.
How to Proceed Review this manual before proceeding further. The chapters present the information you need to begin in the order you will need it.
Chapter 2: Getting to Know the SkyWay Bridge/Router Before setting up, configuring, and testing your new bridge/router, take a minute to review its components and features. This chapter includes the following information: General Description ........................................................... 8 Product Features................................................................. 9 Contents of the SkyWay Package....................................... 10 Component Identification ..........................
General Description SkyWay -- The Long Distance Connection. The SkyWay series of products allows you to set up high-speed, wide area networks over long distances. SkyWay gives you the power to establish LAN-to-LAN connections over distances of up to 30 miles (48 km) - with superior performance. Each SkyWay unit is a compact, single, integrated outdoor unit designed to withstand harsh environments—there is no need for an indoor unit.
Product Features Product Features The SkyWay Bridge/Router include the following key features: • Up to 11 Mbps wireless data rate (up to 64 sub-stations) • Links of distances up to 30 miles (48 km) • Single, ruggedized, mast-mounted unit (UL Outdoor rated) • Fiber-optic and copper Ethernet options • Bridging and static IP routing • SNMP compliant • Optional fiber link for extra long distances or EMI protection • Remote software updates via TFTP, Xmodem, or Ymodem • FCC, Industrie Canada, ETSI, and UL certi
Contents of the SkyWay Package Before unpacking the SkyWay, examine the shipping containers and contents for damage. If you spot container damage, notify your shipper immediately. Report any missing parts and any damage not related to shipping to your place of purchase immediately. The SkyWay shipment includes three packages: • The SkyWay Bridge/Router (including pole or wall mounting kit) • The SkyWay cable kit: a. A DC power cable and AC/DC converter b.
Component Identification Component Identification The Skyway wireless bridge/router includes the following components: • a ruggedized, weatherproof casing • four connectors: Power Administration Console Ethernet 10 /100 Base-TX (shown) or 100 Base-FX RF Antenna Bottom View of the SkyWay Bridge/Router Power. The power receptacle (3 pin) accommodates the DC power cable supplied with the SkyWay; it accepts 48 V DC.
Specifications For a list of SkyWay Bridge/Router specifications, see “Appendix D: Detailed Product Specifications” on page 185.
Understanding the Menu Structure Understanding the Menu Structure The SkyWay screens are organized by function, and are hierarchically numbered. The Run Time Main Menu is shown below: The Configuration menu, option 1, shows you a list of 5 options. For example, 1.1 System Configuration, 1.2 Port Configuration, etc. For a complete list of the screens in the menu tree, refer to “Appendix A: Run-time Menu Tree” on page 175, and “BIOS Menu Tree Summary Table” on page 179.
Dot Commands You can access commands from all non-menu screens. When they are available, . - commands appears at the bottom of the screen. Press . to display the command line which lists the available commands for that screen, that is, not all commands are available on every screen. The following table describes the commands: 14 .H Go to the HELP screen, which lists arrow keys and . commands. .M Monitor Mode on or off.
Understanding the Menu Structure How Screens Display Information Configuration and status records are displayed in the following formats: • As a static variable • As a table with many rows or records • As a table with one row or record Screens Displaying One Record. On some screens, one row or record of the table appears at a time (see screen 2.2.1. for an example). All of the data displayed is from a single record in the table.
Saving Configuration Changes Save any changes you make by using the .W command. This updates the database immediately, and the screen refreshes, displaying the new values. Sometimes, however, you must reset the unit, or cycle the port for the changes to take affect (see “Changes that Require Cycling or Resetting” on this page). If you make changes to a screen, and try to leave it without saving, the screen warns you “Data has been modified. Write or Cancel changes.” Press .W or .
Understanding the Menu Structure • changing the RF frequency • changing the data rate Caution To reset the unit: If you are resetting the base station, all the sub station links also go down. The sub stations then go into ADP mode. 1. Go to the Main Menu. 2. Type 5 (Start Application). 3. Choose Runtime as the Application to Start. Start 4. Press .W. This reloads the updated database containing the new configuration parameters.
Bios Application The Bios application is mainly used for diagnostic purposes and is not available through SNMP. There are two ways to start the Bios application: Starting the Bios Application from Reset 1. When you reset the unit, a message displays asking you to press any key to start the Bios Application before the time out occurs and Run time starts. Press any key, which starts the Bios application and displays the Bios Login screen. 2. Enter your username and password. 3. The Bios Main Menu displays.
Bios Application Bios Menu Option For information, see... 1. Configuration Menu “Bios Configuration Menu” on page 19 2. Diagnostics “ BIOS Diagnostics” on page 104 3. Files “ File Directory” on page 111 4. Utilities 4.1 YMODEM and 4.2 XMODEM “ 3.1.2 YModem” on page 114 4.3 Configuration Database Service “ Configuration Database Service” on page 21 4.4 Real Time Clock “ Setting the System Date and Time” on page 64 5. Error Log “ Checking the Error Log” on page 130 6.
Option See Runtime Screen Serial Port “1.2.1.1 Serial Port Configuration” on page 24 Serial Transceiver “1.2.1.2 Serial Transceiver Configuration” on page 25 Ethernet Port “1.2.2.1 Ethernet Port Configuration” on page 83 Ethernet Transceiver “1.2.2.2 Ethernet Transceiver Configuration” on page 85 Bios System Configuration Use this screen to check your system configuration and to change the Bios Timeout default. 1.1.
Bios Application Configuration Database Service This utility allows you to work with the Bios and Runtime configuration databases. 4.3. Configuration Database Service Bios DB Action : Runtime DB Action: None None Bios DB Status : Runtime DB Status: Saved DB Status : Present Present Absent \ - return to menu .
Accessing the SkyWay Bridge/Router There are three ways to access the SkyWay Bridge/Router: • Direct Connection. Use a terminal that is directly connected to the unit's RS-422 port. This is called the local console, and it allows you to directly access all of the Skyway’s configuration and management screens. • Dial-up Connection. Use a dial-up modem attached to the SkyWay to access the local console. Functionally, it is the same as being directly connected. • SNMP Connection.
Accessing the SkyWay Bridge/Router 3. Set the terminal to 8-bits, No Parity, 1 Stop Bit. 4. Dial the modem attached to the SkyWay. Example AT Commands You may need to write a command line to configure your modem for use with the SkyWay. The example command line below is listed for your convenience and is not configured through a screen on the SkyWay. The following is an example of the AT command settings for a USRobotics V.Everything modem attached to the SkyWay.
1.2.1.1 Serial Port Configuration 1.2.1.1 Serial Port Configuration Port Number Configuration Status Buffers Transmit Buffers Receive Buffers Maximum Frame Size \ - return to menu : : : : : : 1 On-line 80 12 12 512 . - commands Field Name Port Number TAB - next available field MIB ENTER - edit Default Setting [swSerialPortIndex] 1 [swSerialPortConfigStatus] On-line The serial port number is 1. Configuration Status Whether this port configuration initializes upon reset.
Accessing the SkyWay Bridge/Router 1.2.1.2 Serial Transceiver Configuration 1.2.1.2 Serial Transceiver Configuration Port Number Baud Rate Data Bits Parity Stop Bits \ - return to menu : : : : : 1 115200 8 NONE One . - commands Field Name Port Number TAB - next available field MIB ENTER - edit Default Setting [swSerialPortIndex] 1 [swSerialPortBaudRate] 115200 The serial port number is 1. Baud Rate The baud rate of the local serial port.
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Chapter 3: Preparing for Installation Since the Skyway bridge/router is a ruggedized device installed outside the building, Solectek recommends spending some time planning the installation and testing the configuration before permanently mounting the units. This chapter contains the following information: Before Installing ................................................................ 28 Safety Considerations ....................................................... 29 General Safety Guidelines ............
Before Installing To complete your SkyWay installation, you need the following items: • A pair of cellular telephones or walkie-talkies, so installers can communicate when aligning SkyWay antennas during the installation process • (Optional: Needed only if you find it absolutely necessary to cut the indoor connectors off to accommodate pulling the cable through conduit): • Ethernet cable: an RJ-45 cable crimper to terminate the RJ-45 connection to the Ethernet LAN during the installation process • Serial ca
Safety Considerations Safety Considerations The following sections provide guidelines to ensure your safety when installing and working with the SkyWay Bridge/Router. General Safety Guidelines Observe the following guidelines to ensure general safety: • Keep tools away from walk areas where you and others could trip over them. • Do not wear loose clothing that could get caught in the chassis mounting hardware. Fasten your tie or scarf and roll up your sleeves.
Pre-installation Procedures Planning and feasibility studies are critical to successfully integrate the SkyWay Bridge/ Router with your network. There are additional factors, for example, Radio Line of Sight and overall RF environmental issues, which must be taken into account for wireless connectivity. Site Considerations Deploying a successful network requires feasibility studies and careful planning, particularly for wireless connectivity solutions where additional factors must be considered.
Pre-installation Procedures Step Three: Perform a Site Survey In this step, you assess the Line of Sight and RF environmental factors. • Check for the existence of competing RF signals, using a spectrum analyzer. • Detect and measure the potential sources of interference in selected RF bands for each site • Mark the direction and nature of detected RF interference on the wireless network map (created in step two). • Determine the height of obstacles (trees, buildings, highways) in each link’s path.
Bench Test Solectek strongly recommends using the Bench Test for testing the SkyWay Bridge/ Router prior to installing it in its permanent location. The test provides a means to install and configure the equipment to your requirements. It allows you to become familiar with the equipment’s operation and capabilities in a user-friendly environment. Installers who bench test all equipment and configurations have a significantly higher success rate during field installation than those who skip the test.
Bench Test Performing the Bench Test Step One: Connecting Components Use the following to connect the components in a bench test environment.
Step Two: Preparing the Computer Workstation for the Bench Test Use the following steps to set up the administration console that you will use to monitor and configure the test. The following shows an example using a PC with Hyperterm set for VT-100 terminal emulation. Start a Hyperterminal Session: 1 Under Windows, click Start, Accessories, Hyperterminal.
Bench Test 1. Start Hyperterminal on one of the workstations. (For Windows, go to Start|Accessories|Hyperterminal.) 2. In the Connection Description box, select a name and icon. 3. In the Connect To box, at “Connect using”, select COM 1. 4. In the COM 1 Properties box, select the following port settings: • Bits per second: 115200 • Data bits: 8 • Parity: None • Stop: 1 • Flow control: None 5.
Step Three: Configuring the Bench Test Use the following steps to set the parameters for running the bench test. Login to SkyWay1: 1 2 Press Enter to bring up the SKYWAY Login Screen. 3 Enter "Solectek" as the default for both username and password. 4 Configure the RF Base Diag Port: At the Main Menu, type 1232 to get to this screen Port Type=RF Base Diag Type .W to write the changes to the database 5 SkyWay Go to the first Hyperterminal blank screen (this will be the Base station).
Bench Test 1. Go to the first Hyperterminal blank screen (which will serve as the “Base”). 2. Type ENTER to bring up the Login screen. 3. Enter “Solectek” as the default for both username and password. Note To access a screen from another non-menu screen, press . followed by the screen number and press Enter, or return to the main menu and type the screen number. For tips on navigating the screens, see “ Navigating Through Menus and Screens” on page 13. 4.
Step 4: Starting the Bench Test The two SkyWay units will now transmit information back and forth to test wireless performance. 4.1 RF Base Radio Test Set up the Base Station Test: 1 2 Go to SkyWay1 (the base station).
Bench Test 1. Return to the base station. 2. Access screen 4.1 Base Radio Test. Change the following: • Test to Run: Single Frame Ping Pong Mode This mode means that the base station sends out frames one at a time, and the sub station returns them one at a time. • Test Timeout to the appropriate ms selection. Select 36 ms for 2 mb, 12 ms for 5.5 mb, and 9 ms for 11 mb. 3. Go to the sub station. 4. Access screen 4.2 (Sub Radio Test). Make the following change: Test to Run: Single Frame Ping Pong Mode 5.
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Chapter 4: Installing Skyway Once you have performed a successful bench test and configured the units to your satisfaction, you are ready to install and connect them. This chapter contains the following information: Mounting the SkyWay Unit ............................................... 42 Mounting to a Mast..................................................... 42 Mounting to a Wall ..................................................... 44 Setting Up the Antenna...............................................
Mounting the SkyWay Unit Mount The SkyWay Bridge/Router to an outdoor mast or wall. Mounting to a Mast Tools: • 13 mm hex socket wrench • Slotted screwdriver To mount the SkyWay to a mast: 1. Place the mast-mounting bracket on a table with the flat side down. P/N 1225401 P/N 1225501 P/N 1225001 P/N 1225201 Use the third central pair of slots for seating a third clamp if you want extra clamp security. 2. Thread two clamps into the outside pair of slots on the bracket.
Mounting the SkyWay Unit 6. Position the bracketed SkyWay against the mast with the connectors facing downward. Connector side down Note: The mast should be a minimum of 1 in. (25.4 mm) outside diameter. 7. Feed the end of each clamp around the mast into the locking mechanism at the other end. Using a slotted screwdriver or nut driver, tighten the clamp screws to a maximum torque of 45 ± 5 in-lbs. CAUTION: The mast to which you mount the Skyway and/or antenna should be grounded.
Mounting to a Wall The wall mount kit is optional and may be purchased separately. Tools: • 13 mm wrench 1. Place the SkyWay face down. 2. Align the two brackets over the SkyWay unit’s bolt holes, either along the length or width of the unit. P/N 1225101 3. Insert bolts and tighten with a 13 mm wrench. Note: The bolts can be found in the Mast Kit, which is always shipped with SkyWay. 4.
Setting Up the Antenna Setting Up the Antenna Skyway requires an RF antenna to receive and transmit signal effectively. Selecting the Antenna Solectek supplies one of several different antennas, including both sectoral and omni models. Solectek’s systems engineers will assist you with antenna selection, taking into account factors such as usage (point-to-point or multi-point), distance to substations, and interference from nearby antennas.
3. Mount antennas securely: A small movement of the antenna caused by an insecure mount or weak mast results in a huge sweep at the other end of the link miles away. • Make sure the antenna is bolted securely to the mast. • Always use appropriate guy wires (see your local building codes for recommendations and requirements). • Weight non-penetrating roof mounts securely with concrete blocks or other ballast. 4. Handle the antenna RF cable carefully: Maintain a 12-inch bend radius if possible.
Grounding Skyway and the Antenna Grounding Skyway and the Antenna Warning: Ungrounded or improperly grounded antennas constitute a hazard to personnel and equipment. A lightning strike on or near an improperly grounded antenna can cause severe injury or death as well as equipment destruction. Any Solectek equipment damaged by lightning is considered to have been damaged by an Act of God, and is not covered under warranty. Solectek antennas (2.
Connecting Cabling The SkyWay connects to the antenna by means of a LMR-400 RF cable. The SkyWay connects to power and to the terminal, terminal emulator or LAN by means of three cables: • power • console • data (Ethernet copper or fiber) The three cables route into the building. Routing Connected Cables Before you begin connecting the SkyWay, consider where the cables should be routed. within the building. SkyWay’s design enables you to route each cable to its most logical/convenient location.
Connecting Cabling Connecting an Antenna The LMR-400 RF cable connects the SkyWay with the antenna above it on the mast. To connect an RF cable: 1. Making sure the threads are properly aligned, tighten the cable’s connector bolt snugly over the SkyWay’s RF connector port using a 13/16 in wrench. Handtighten another 1/4 turn to lock it in place. 2. Similarly connect the other end of the RF cable to the antenna’s connector. Note: Allow sufficient slack in the cable for a maximum turning radius of 1 ft.
Connecting to Power SkyWay requires DC power to operate. Solectek supplies an AC-to-DC converter and a weather-rated DC power cable. To connect SkyWay to power: 1. Connect the power cable’s 3-pin connector to the SkyWay power port. Plug in and lock clockwise. Antenna www.solectek.com Power port LMR-400 cable Drip loop and Cable slack 2. Connect the opposite (indoor) end to the supplied AC/DC converter.
Connecting Cabling Connecting to the Administration Console Use this connection to: • make and apply configuration settings to the unit • monitor performance • obtain transmission statistics Solectek supplies an RS-422 weather-rated cable and an RS-422-to-RS-232 converter for connecting to a serial communications port on the console or modem. Connect a terminal directly to the unit's RS-422 port to provide secure access for a single console.
To connect directly to a administration console: 1. Connect the console cable’s 6-pin connector to the SkyWay console port. Plug in and lock clockwise. www.solectek.com Drip loop and Cable slack Administration Console port 2. Route the cable to the console, being sure to create a drip loop. 3. Connect the cable at the opposite (indoor) end of the console cable (DB-9 connector) to the RS-422 converter, then to the serial communication port on the console terminal or terminal emulator.
Connecting Cabling Connecting to Your LAN Connect the SkyWay to your LAN via copper or fiber optic cable. Copper cable. The 10 Base-T/100 Base-TX (twisted pair) cable is available in 100, 200, and 300 foot lengths. This cable is terminated on the indoor side with a standard RJ-45 connector and is intended to be connected to an Ethernet hub or switch. If a cable length of longer than 300 feet is needed, you must order the SkyWay configured to use a fiberoptic LAN connection.
3. Connect the opposite (indoor) end of the Ethernet cable to the appropriate Ethernet port (RJ-45 or S/C) on your LAN hub or switch.
Antenna Alignment and RF Link Verification Antenna Alignment and RF Link Verification Once the system is installed and the antennas are mounted, you must ensure that you have proper antenna alignment to maximize the efficiency of your RF Links. To verify that the original antenna placement was satisfactory to bring up the RF link before starting, use the 2.5.2 RF-DLC Sub Port Status screen (described on page 143). If not, check the azimuth settings from your design and realign the antennas.
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Chapter 5: Configuring and Managing SkyWay You can access the SkyWay Bridge/Router locally or remotely for configuration and management. The local console provides a menu-based user interface you can use to set up all of the SkyWay’s configuration features and to run diagnostics. This chapter gives you step-by-step procedures for configuring the SkyWay Bridge/ Router for your implementation. This chapter contains the following information: Setting System Configuration Parameters...........................
Configuring SkyWay SkyWay configuration can be divided into this sequence: • Configuring System, Network Management, and User parameters • Configuring the Port Parameters, which includes the RF Link Layer • Configuring for Bridging and Spanning Tree • Configuring for IP Routing For many of the parameters, you can simply accept the default values. In this Guide, each configuration parameter is described in a table following the screen.
Setting System Configuration Parameters Setting System Configuration Parameters SkyWay’s system parameters fall into four main areas: • Network Management Security • Network Management System • User Access • General Parameters Setting Network Management Security Parameters Use screen 1.1.1 to set up security parameters for network management. To access this screen, you must have an access level of Super. This screen is not accessible via SNMP. 1.1.1 Network Management Security Configuration 1.1.1.
Field Name Settings (default in bold) Trap Community Name The trap community name of the SkyWay agent. If you set Enable Traps to Yes and the NMS expects SNMP traps with community name, this field must match community name configured on the NMS. Enable Traps • No • Yes Set to Yes to enable SkyWay to log and transmit SNMP traps. Set a Trap Destination Address to send traps to the NMS. Authentication Traps No Set to Yes to cause a trap when an SNMP packet is received with an incorrect community name.
Setting System Configuration Parameters Setting Network Management System Parameters Use screen 1.1.2 to set up the system parameters for network management. 1.1.2 Network Management System Configuration 1.1.2. Network Management System Configuration System System System System Description Contact Name Location \ - return to menu : : : : Solectek Corporation SkyWay .
Adding Users and Setting Access Levels To access this screen, you must have an access level of Super. This screen is not accessible via SNMP. 1.1.3.1 Add a User 1.1.3.1. Add a User User Password Confirm Password User Level : : : : Standard Current number of users: \ - return to menu 2 . - commands TAB - next available field ENTER - edit Field Name User A 16-character field where you can enter a user name. This field is case-sensitive.
Setting System Configuration Parameters Displaying a List of Users Use screen 1.1.3.2 to see a list of users and their access levels. To access this screen, you must have an access level of Super. This screen is not accessible via SNMP. 1.1.3.2 Users 1.1.3.2. Users User ---------------- \ - return to menu Password ---------------- .
Setting the System Date and Time Use 1.1.4 General Parameters Configuration to set the system date and time. 1.1.4 General Parameters Configuration 1.1.4. General Parameters Configuration Date Time : : 10 Feb 2000 14:24:36 \ - return to menu Field Name Date . - commands TAB - next available field MIB swCurrDay, swCurrMonth, SwCurrYear The system date in DD-MMM-YYYY format. Time swCurrTime The system time in HH:MM:SS format.
Understanding RF-DLC Understanding RF-DLC The following is a discussion of the RF-DLC protocol, which provides you with background information before you begin configuration. The RF-DLC Protocol RF-DLC is a proprietary protocol based on the HDLC protocol. It is a polling protocol for star-based networks with a base station and one or more substations, and participates in transmitting frames from one station to another.
• Using Auto Acceptance, the base station automatically accepts the sub station. • Using Manual Acceptance, you must manually accept each sub station by enabling the Accept Status field (in “1.2.3.1.4 ADP Substation Configuration” on page 81) for that Sub Station Number. Disabling ADP When configuring the base station, you may choose to disable ADP, which can result in reduced overhead. If you disable ADP, you must manually assign the base sub ports for the sub stations by using 1.2.3.1.
Understanding RF-DLC RF-DLC Frame Types RF-DLC frames contain an address field which defines the sub station address, broadcast address, or group address. RF-DLC frames also contain a control field containing commands, responses, and counts used to maintain the link. The control field formats are: • Unnumbered - used to initialize the sub station and send information using an unreliable mechanism.
minute and the inactive timer is set to five minutes. The slow poll timer’s value is always less then that of the inactive timer. The base station polls the fast poll sub stations until one minute has passed. Then it polls the sub stations on the slow poll list, then moves back to poll the fast poll sub stations, and continues in this fashion until five minutes has passed. The base station then polls the inactive sub station and always broadcasts an ADP packet, if ADP is enabled.
Configuring the Ports Configuring the Ports How you configure the SkyWay Bridge/Router depends on your network topology. Configure each unit separately depending on its role as a base station or sub station, and its function as a bridge, router, or both bridge and router. Note Serial Port configuration is discussed in Chapter 2 (see “1.2.1.1 Serial Port Configuration” on page 24). Before you Begin The following helps you determine how to configure the unit: 1.
2. Configure the RF Transceiver settings: RF Frequency, RF Data Rate, and Scrambler Tap Values. a. Go to screen 1.2.3.3 RF Transceiver Configuration, described in detail on page 72. b. Set the RF Frequency, RF Data Rate, and Scrambler Tap values. c. Press .W to update the database. 3. Invalidate the RF Diagnostics Port configuration. As shipped, the default RF port is the RF-DLC Sub Diagnostics Port. You must invalidate it before setting the RF port up as a base port. a. Go to 1.2.3.
Configuring the Ports • ADP mode - applies only if Automatic Discovery Protocol is enabled. Auto Acceptance is the default. If you set ADP mode to Manual Acceptance, you must configure the base station to manually accept the sub stations. • ADP Timeout Interval - applies only if Automatic Discovery Protocol is enabled. When finished setting the base port configuration, type .W to update the database. 6. Initialize the RF port.
1.2.3.3 RF Transceiver Configuration Use this screen to set RF Frequency, RF Data Rate, and Scrambler Tap values. 1.2.3.3. RF Transceiver Configuration RF Port ------3 RF Frequency -----------2468 Mhz \ - return to menu RF Data Rate ----------2 Mbps . - commands Field Name RF Port Record 1 of 1 Scrambler Tap -----------72 TAB - next available field ENTER - edit Settings (default in bold) MIB [swRFTransCfgIndex] 3 [swRFTransCfgFrequency] 2468 Mhz The RF port number is 3.
Configuring the Ports RF Diagnostics Port There are two diagnostic ports, the RF-DLC Base Diagnostic port and the RF-DLC Sub Diagnostic port. Both of these use the control interface of the RF driver to perform RF diagnostics. 1.2.3.2 RF Diagnostic Port Configuration 1.2.3.
Field Name Receive Buffers Settings (default in bold) MIB [swRFDiagPortRecvDesc] 180 The number of receive buffers. Maximum Frame Size [swRFDiagPortmaxFrameSize] 3200 The physical MTU, or largest frame that can be transmitted. This field is not configurable. Record Type [swRFDiagPort] • Valid • Invalid The status of this configuration. 1.2.3.1.1 RF Base Port Configuration 1.2.3.1.
Configuring the Ports Field Name Configuration Status Settings (default in bold) MIB [swRFBasePortConfigStatus • Off-line • On-line Determines if the port is initialized upon reset. Off-line prevents the port from initializing upon reset. Port Type [swRFBasePortPortType] RF-DLC Base Port This is a read-only field that defines this port as a base port. Max Buffers [swRFBasePortMaxBuffers] 800 The number of message buffers allocated to this base port.
Field Name ADP Mode MIB [swRFBasePortADPMode] Settings (default in bold) Auto Acceptance Applies only if ADP is enabled. Auto Acceptance means the base station automatically accepts sub stations. Manual Acceptance means you must manually accept the sub stations (see “1.2.3.1.4 ADP Substation Configuration” on page 81). ADP Timeout Interval seconds [swRFBasePortADPTO] 60 Applies only if ADP is enabled. Determines how often (in seconds) the base stations sends an ADP broadcast.
Configuring the Ports Configuring the SkyWay as a Sub Station Configure the sub station in much the same way as you set up the base station. Configuration is simpler, however, because you do not have as many configuration parameters to set up. 1. Configure the RF Transceiver settings: RF Frequency, RF Data Rate, and Scrambler Tap Values. Make sure these settings correspond to the base station settings for these fields. a. Go to screen 1.2.3.3 RF Transceiver Configuration, described in detail on page 72.
1.2.3.1.2 RF Sub Port Configuration 1.2.3.1.2 RF Sub Port Configuration Record 0 of 0 Port Number :3 Configuration Status Port Type Max Buffers Transmit Buffers Receive Buffers Maximum Frame Size Sub Station Number :On-line :RF-DLC Sub Port :800 :240 :180 :3200 :0 Link down Timeout Interval (1.5 msec) :320 Record Type \ - return to menu Note :Valid . - commands TAB - next available field ENTER - edit Type .A to begin editing the screen. Use this screen to set the sub station port parameters.
Configuring the Ports Field Name Settings (default in bold) MIB The number of receive buffers. Maximum Frame Size: [swRFSubPortMaxFrameSize] 3200 This read-only field sets the maximum frame size for each frame originating from this port. Sub Station Number [swRFSubPortStationNum] 0 Sub Station number for this sub station. If ADP is enabled, set this parameter to zero. Link Down Timeout Interval [swRFSubPortLinkTO] Seconds The length of time this substation tries to link up to the base station.
Configuring the Base Sub Ports If you have disabled ADP, you must manually configure the base sub ports on the base station using the 1.2.3.1.3 RF Base Sub Port Configuration screen. If you have ADP enabled, you do not need to configure base sub ports. 1.2.3.1.3 RF Base Sub Port Configuration 1.2.3.1.3 RF Base Sub Port Configuration Sub Station Number :256 Configuration Status Port Type :On-line :RF-DLC Base to Sub Port Corresponding Substation RF Port IP Address :000.000.000.
Configuring the Ports Field Name Record Type MIB [swRFBaseSubPortType] Settings (default in bold) • Valid • Invalid Indicates the status of this RF Sub station port configuration. If valid, this port configuration is enabled. If marked as invalid, this record will be deleted after the next reset. Validating Accept Status of a Sub Station This section applies only if you set ADP mode to Manual Acceptance. Use screen 1.2.3.1.
Field Name IP Address MIB Settings (default in bold) [swADPStationNetAddress] The IP address of the sub station. Accept Status [swADPStationStatus] Enter Yes to enable acceptance.
Configuring the Ports Configuring the Ethernet Port 1.2.2.1 Ethernet Port Configuration 1.2.2.1. Ethernet Port Configuration Port Number Configuration Status MAC Address Bridging Encap Type Port Type Buffers Transmit Buffers Receive Buffers Maximum Frame Size Record Type \ - return to menu : : : : : : : : : : Record 1 of 1 2 On-line 00:ba:d0:ba:be:00 Ethernet 802.3 encap Ethernet 802.3 1200 256 512 1518 Valid .
Field Name Buffers MIB [swEtherPortMaxBuffers] Settings (default in bold) 780 The number of message buffers allocated to this Ethernet port. Transmit Buffers [swEtherPortTransDesc] 256 The number of transmit buffers. Receive Buffers [swEtherPortRecvDesc] 256 The number of receive buffers. Maximum Frame Size [swEtherPortMaxFrameSize] 1518 [swEtherPortType] • Valid • Invalid The physical MTU. Record Type If valid, this configuration is enabled upon reset.
Configuring the Ports Configuring the Ethernet Transceiver 1.2.2.2 Ethernet Transceiver Configuration 1.2.2.2. Ethernet Transceiver Configuration Ethernet Port Number : Interface Type : 2 Auto-Negotiation Duplex Mode SQE (10Base-T) Jabber (10Base-T) Auto Negotiate Remote Fault Pause 100BASE-TX full-duplex 100BASE-TX 10BASE-T full-duplex 10BASE-T Selector Field : : : : : : : : : : : Full Duplex Disabled Enabled Enabled Disabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled IEEE 802.
Field Name Jabber (10Base-T) MIB [swEtherTransCfgJabber] Settings (default in bold) • Enabled • Disabled Disables transmit and loopback on the Ethernet transceiver if the MA transmission exceeds the jabber timer. Valid only for 10Base-T. Auto Negotiate [swEtherTransCfgAutoNegotiation] • Enabled • Disabled Status field indicating if Auto-negotiation for the Ethernet port is enabled as determined by the Interface Type setting.
Configuring the Ports Field Name Selector Field: MIB [swEtherTransCfgSelector] Settings (default in bold) • IEEE 802.3 • IEEE 902.9 ISLAN 16T Modifiable only is Auto-negotiation is enabled. This is the IEEE Selector Field. Typical users can accept the default of IEEE 802.3. Record Type: [swEtherTransCfgType] • Valid • Invalid Indicates the status of this particular ethernet transceiver configuration. If valid, this configuration is enabled.
Bridging The SkyWay Bridge/Router can function as either a bridge or a router or both. When a packet arrives at the bridge, SkyWay examines it and determines its protocol type.
Bridging As shown in the above table, the state determines if the bridge will allow the port to transmit frames. If you disable the port, it is excluded from bridge operation altogether. However, a port that is not disabled can be dynamically excluded by the Spanning Tree algorithm (see “Spanning Tree” on page 89). Topology Support. The bridge supports the topology by determining which ports are ‘eligible’ to transmit frames.
1.3.1 Bridge Configuration 1.3.1. Bridge Configuration Bridging : Forwarding Table Timeout : Enabled 300 Spanning Tree Bridge Priority Bridge Max Age Bridge Hello Timeout Bridge Forward Delay Multicast Address Enabled 16961 20 2 15 01:80:c2:00:00:00 : : : : : : \ -return to menu . - commands TAB - next available field ENTER - edit Use this screen to set global bridging parameters, disable bridging, or enable the Spanning Tree function.
Bridging Field Name Bridge Priority Settings (default in bold) MIB [dotIdStpPriority] 32768 This allows you to influence the choice of root bridge and designated bridge. A lower numerical value means the bridge is closer to becoming the root. and thereby change the topology of the spanning tree. Bridge Max Age [dotIdStpBridgeMaxAge] 20 The amount of time in seconds the bridge waits before it discards configuration BPDUs.
1.3.2 Bridge Port Configuration 1.3.2. Bridge Port Configuration Port Number -----2 256 Bridging State -------Enabled Enabled Record 1 of 1 \ - return to menu STP State -------Forwarding Forwarding . - commands STP Port Cost -------10 100 TAB - next available field ENTER - edit Use this screen to configure the port for bridging.
IP Routing IP Routing IP routing is a global parameter. It is disabled by default, but you can enable the unit for IP routing only or in addition to bridging. You cannot configure routing on a port to port basis. Configuring IP Use the 1.4.1 IP Protocol Configuration screen to enable IP routing and set global routing parameters. 1.4.1 IP Protocol Configuration 1.4.1.
Field Name Forward Broadcasts Settings (default in bold) MIB [swIpBcastforwarding] • Enabled • Disabled Indicates whether IP broadcast messages are forwarded (Enabled) or not forwarded (Disabled) if they are received. IP Reassembly Timeout [swIpReasTimeout] 8 Determines how many seconds to wait before discarding a packet when all fragments have not yet arrived. Default Gateway Enabled [swDefaultGateway] • No • Yes Set to Yes to set a default gateway.
IP Routing Configuring the IP Ports Before you begin you need to have the IP Address and the IP Mask for the unit you are configuring. 1.4.2 IP Port Configuration 1.4.2. IP Port Configuration Record 1 of 2 Port Number : 2 Proxy ARP IP Address IP Mask IP Encapsulation IP MTU Arp Retry Timeout Arp Aging Timeout Arp Max Retries : : : : : : : : Enabled 134.196.034.001 255.255.000.000 Standard Ethernet 1492 30 300 5 Configuration Status : \ - return to menu Valid .
Field Name IP Encapsulation Settings (default in bold) MIB [swIpPortEncap] • • • • Standard Ethernet DOD Ethernet SNAP 802.3 DOD 802.3 This defines the IP encapsulation type for this network. IP MTU [swIpPortMTU] 1492 This sets the maximum transfer unit size. Arp Retry Timeout [swIpPortArpRetryTO] 10 The amount of time in seconds to wait for an ARP reply before sending the next ARP request.
IP Routing Setting up Static Routing Set up IP static routes in 1.4.3 IP Static Routes Configuration, described in detail on page 97. Note For more information about IP Static Routes, see Static Routing is the Best Choice for Service Providers, a white paper published by Solectek. 1.4.3 IP Static Routes Configuration 1.4.3. IP Static Routes Configuration * Network Address --------------200.100.100.000 Record 0 of 0 Rte Cost ---2 Network Mask Gateway Address Prt --------------- --------------- --255.
Field Name MIB Rte Cost Settings (defaults in bold) [swIpRouteCost] 2 [swIpRouteOverride True/False The route cost. Override Indicates if cost override is enabled. Record Type [swIpRouteType] • Valid • Invalid If valid, this configuration will initialize upon reset. If invalid, this record is deleted from the database upon the next reset. BOOTP BOOTP is part of the IP Protocol suite and is described in RFC 951 anf RFC 1542. 1.4.4 BOOTP Configuration 1.4.4.
IP Routing Field Name Relaying Settings (default in bold) MIB [swBootpCfgRelayAgentEnabled] • Enabled • Disabled Set this field to Enabled to enable BOOTP functionality. Destination Address [swBootpCfgRelayAgentForwardIpAddr] 255.255.255.255 This is the server’s IP address. The default is the limited broadcast address. Maximum Hops [swBootpCfgRelayAgentMaxHops] 4 This field sets the maximum number of times a BOOTP request can be routed. The range is 1 - 16.
1.5 Configuration Summary 1.5. Configuration Summary System Configuration: --------------------System System Port Port - Description Date & Time 1 2 Solectek Corporation SkyWay 18 Jan 2000 20:35:01 RS-422 115200 8 NONE One Ethernet 802.3 Auto Negotiation RF Base Port 2 Mbps Port - 3 00:ba:d0:ba:be:00 On-line 00:00:c4:1c:91:45 On-line Bridge Configuration: --------------------Bridging Spanning Tree Number of Bridge Ports \ - return to menu Enabled Enabled 1 .
IP Routing Routing Configuration displays IP routing status (enabled or disabled), and the IP addresses and network masks for each port. The RF Configuration displays the number of sub stations and the RF Frequency setting.
Internet Control Message Protocol The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is part of the IP Protocol suite. The implementation of ICMP on the SkyWay Bridge/Router follows the standard as described in RFC 792. The Ping utility generates an ICMP Echo Request and expects to receive an ICMP Echo Reply packet. For more information, see 3.2 Ping Utility, described in detail on page 109.
SNMP SNMP Use Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to access and manage the SkyWay remotely using such SNMP management platforms as HP OpenView™ and SNMPc™. The console functions through SNMP and contains standard MIBs for supported protocols and private MIBs for SkyWay’s proprietary functions. However, because of the need for security, not all functions are available through SNMP.
Diagnostics There are two types of diagnostics you can run on the SkyWay, Bios and Run Time. BIOS Diagnostics Access BIOS diagnostics through the BIOS Main Menu, option 2 (for details, see “ Bios Application” on page 18).
Diagnostics 4.1 RF Base Radio Test 4.1 RF Base Radio Test ** Note - diagnostic driver must be installed ** RF Port Number : 3 Test Timeout : 8 milliseconds Test To Run : Terminate Test Number of Frames or Bursts, 1 - 65535 or 0 for Continuous. :0 Frame Length or Maximum Burst Size, 3 - 3200 :1530 \ - return to menu .
MIB Settings (default in bold) Test To Run Parameters that can be configured Comments Continuous Burst Transmit Test Timeout, Number of Bursts This test is similar to Burst Frame Ping Pong Mode, except that the sub station does not reply. The base station sends the number of bursts, times out, repeats. (There are 7 frames in a burst).
Diagnostics Field Name MIB Terminate Test Settings (default in bold) Ends the currently running test. Number of Frames or Bursts [swRFBaseTestFrames] 0 The number of frames or bursts to transmit when running the Continuous Single Frame Transmit test. Frame Length or Maximum Burst Size [swRFBaseTestFrameLength] 1530 The frame length to transmit when running the Continuous Single Frame Transmit test. The range is 3 to 3200. 4.2 RF Sub Radio Test 4.
Field Name Test to Run MIB [swRFSubTestToRun] Settings (default in bold) • Burst Frame Ping Pong Mode • Continuous Burst Receive • Continuous Single Frame Receive • Single Frame Ping Pong Mode • Static Size Ping Pong Mode Note: See “4.1 RF Base Radio Test” on page 105 for test descriptions. Ping Utility The Ping utility tests communications between units in a system that is already operational. Ping generates an ICMP Echo Request packet and expects to receive an ICMP Echo Reply packet.
Diagnostics 3.2 Ping Utility 3.2. Ping Utility Destination IP Address Ping Payload Size Number of Packets Reply Timeout Delay Between Packets Ping Operation : : : : : : 000.000.000.000 64 0 1 0 Start Ping Ping Session Status Packets Sent Correct Responses Received Incorrect Responses Received Number of Timed Out Packets Longest Round Trip Delay Shortest Round Trip Delay Average Round Trip Delay : : : : : : : : Idle 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 \ - return to menu .
Field Name Ping Session Status Settings (default in bold) MIB [swPingStatus] • Idle • Pinging The current status of the last ping session started. Pinging indicates the session is operating, and Idle indicates the last session has finished or no session has been started. Packets Sent [swPingPacketsSent] 0 Total number of packets or pings sent in this session. Correct Responses Received [swPingCorrectRR] 0 Total number of correct ping responses received.
Diagnostics File Directory Use screen 3.1.4 to see a list of Solectek file types and sizes. 3.1.4 File Directory 3.1.4 File Directory File Type Version -------------------- ---------Boot Loader 0.30 FPGA 0.3 Crash Dump 0.0 Error Log 0.0 Bios DB 0.0 Runtime DB 0.0 Bios Application 0.30 Runtime Application 0.30.
File Transfer Utilities At times it is necessary to upgrade the SkyWay Bridge/Router software. You can do this remotely using the file transfer utilities, Xmodem, Ymodem, or TFTP. Typically you will need to upgrade the Runtime Application with a new release of the software. The three file transfer utilities are Xmodem, Ymodem, and TFTP. Xmodem Xmodem is a file transfer protocol with the following ASCII character definitions: 01H This is always the first byte in each block.
File Transfer Utilities edged before sending the next. When the transmitter has no more data to send, it sends an EOT to complete the transfer. The XModem/CRC Protocol. The XModem/CRC protocol is similar to the XModem protocol, but the receiver specifies CRC-16 by sending C (Hex 43) instead of NAK when requesting the first block. A two-byte CRC is sent in place of the one-byte arithmetic checksum.
3.1.2 YModem 3.1.2. Ymodem File Transfer Port Number File Type Session Type File Name Status Bytes Transferred Number of Retries Error Message : : : : : : : : \ - return to menu 1 Runtime Application Choose Action Idle 0 0 . - commands TAB - next available field ENTER - edit The following table lists the field name, the MIB name, and the default setting: Field Name Port Number Settings (default in bold) MIB [swXmodemIFIndex] [swYmodemIFIndex] 1 The port number is 1, the serial port.
File Transfer Utilities Field Name File Name MIB Settings (default in bold) [swYmodemFileName] The file name of the file to be transferred. The Xmodem screen does not have the File Name field. Status [swXmodemStatus] [swYmodemStatus] • • • • Receiving Transmitting Failed Idle The current status of this file transfer.
File Name: (the name of the file you are retrieving. You can enter it now or under step 4 below). Session Type: Receive (indicates that the SkyWay is receiving the file from the source, for example, the PC hard drive or a network drive.) 3. Press .W to save and implement the changes. This prepares the SkyWay to receive the file. You might see “Receiving a file...CCC”, a series of Cs displays on the screen. This occurs during a Receive session type. 4.
File Transfer Utilities TFTP Clients and Server TFTP is client/server based. There are a few ways to set up and use TFTP: SkyWay PC Screens to Use on SkyWay Client Server 3.1.1.2 TFTP File Transfer Server Enabled Client 3.1.1.1TFTP Server Configuration. Server and Client Client and Server 3.1.1.2 TFTP File Transfer and 3.1.1.1 TFTP Server Configuration SkyWay is the client; the PC is the server.
File Definitions The following table lists the file names to enter as the remote file name in the TFTP client software on your workstation when transferring files to or from the SkyWay TFTP Server. File Name 118 Description BOOTLDR.BIN Boot Loader FPGA.BIN FPGA CRSHDUMP.BIN Crash Dump ERRORLOG.BIN Error Log BIOS_DB.BIN Bios Database DATABASE.BIN Run Time Database DBDEFLT.BIN Default Database BIOS_APP.BIN Bios Application RT_APP.
File Transfer Utilities TFTP Status The 3.1.1.1 TFTP Server Configuration screen is also a status screen that provides information about the current or last file transfer that occurred on the SkyWay TFTP server. Configuring the TFTP Server on SkyWay Use 3.1.1.1 TFTP Server Configuration screen to set up the SkyWay as a TFTP Server. 3.1.1.1 TFTP Server Configuration 3.1.1.
Field Name Current State MIB [swTFTPServerState] Settings (default in bold) • Receiving • Sending • Idle The current status of the TFTP Server. Current File [swTFTPServerFile] Use filename The type of file currently being transferred. Read Requests [swTFTPServerRRQ] Number of read requests received by the TFTP Server. Write requests [swTFTPServerWRQ] Number of write requests received by the TFTP Server.
File Transfer Utilities 3.1.1.2 TFTP File Transfer 3.1.1.2. TFTP File Transfer IP Host Address File Type File Name Timeout Block Size Session Type : : : : : : Status : Bytes Transferred : Number of Retries : Error Message 000.000.000.000 Runtime Application 20 512 Receive Idle 0 0 : \ - return to menu .
Field Name Block Size Settings (default in bold) MIB [swTFTPBlockSize] 512 The amount of data that is sent over at one time (80-1400 bytes). Session Type [swTFTPAction] • Receive • Send • Abort The action to be performed by the client, that is, either send a file to the server or receive a file from the server. Status [swTFTPStatus] • • • • Receiving Transmitting Failed Idle The current status of the transfer.
Security Security Multi-level Password Security There are two user levels: • Super user • Standard user A Super user can assign other Super users and Standard users. A Standard user cannot add other users. SNMP Security To secure the system against illegal access, certain screens are not available via SNMP: 1.1.1 Network Management Security Configuration 1.1.3 User Access Configuration Menu - all screens in this menu tree 4.
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Chapter 6: Monitoring SkyWay You can monitor SkyWay’s operations and errors by using the status and control screens available from option 2 of the Main Menu. Many of the monitoring screens are read-only, however some contain configurable parameters that are noted in their descriptions. You can use the status screens to monitor protocol operations, to test whether a configuration change is in effect, and to troubleshoot problems on the system.
Monitoring Features Available Monitoring Features Available The following table provides an overview of the monitoring features available from both the Administrative Console and SNMP for each of the SkyWay’s major functions: Console SNMP Comment System Status and Control X X* Allows you to check the status of SNMP packets, traps, and error log. Port Status and Control X X Allows you to check all port statistics and gives you operational control over them.
System Status and Control Screens System Status and Control Screens System status includes an overview of the system and SNMP Statistics. Taking a System Snap Shot You can access the 2.1.1 General Status and Control screen to view you system’s hardware configuration. You can also use this screen to change the Watchdog timer, which is the only configurable field on this screen. Note If you are accessing this screen using an SNMP Manager, you cannot change the Watchdog timer. 2.1.
System Status and Control Screens Checking SNMP Status and Trap History From the 2.1.2 Network Management Status menu, you can check how many times SNMP errors occurred using the following two screens. 2.1.2.1 SNMP Status This screen lists all the SNMP errors that may have occurred and the number of times the error occurred since the last reset. At the bottom of the screen, the fields list the number of incoming and outgoing SNMP packets and traps. 2.1.2.1.
System Status and Control Screens 2.1.2.2 SNMP Trap History This screen displays the trap number, description, value (OID), and date and time the error occured. 2.1.2.2. SNMP Trap History Trap# ----0 1 2 3 4 5 Record 1 of 6 Trap Description -------------------------------Link_Down New_Root New_Root Link_Up Link_Down Link_Up \ - return to menu .
System Status and Control Screens Checking the Error Log Use the 2.1.3 Error Log Status screen to check the error log. 2.1.3. Error Log Screen Er# --0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Record 1 of 14 Partial Error Description ---------------------------------------Link Up Trap for port 1 Link Up Trap for port 2 Cold Start Trap Link Down Trap for port 2 New root detected. New root detected. Link Up Trap for port 2 Link Up Trap for port 3 Link Down Trap for port 2 New root detected. New root detected.
System Status and Control Screens Field Name Error message at the bottom of the screen MIB Comments [swErrorLogEntry] A more complete description of the error at the cursor position. File: [swErrorLogFileName] The source file where the error occurred. Line: [swErrorLogLineNumber] The line of code in the source file where the error occurred. TrapOid: [swErrorLogTrapOid] The Trap Object Identifier (OID).
Port Status and Control Screens Port Status and Control Screens The Port Status and Control screens allow you to check the status of the following: • Serial port • Ethernet port • Ethernet Transceiver • RF Ports Checking the Serial Port Status Use the 2.2.2 Serial Port Status screen to check serial port parameters and errors, 2.2.2 Serial Port Status 2.2.2. Serial Port Status Port Number Data Bits Parity Stop Bits Parity Errors Framing Errors Overrun Errors : : : : : : : \ - return to menu 0 8 NONE 1
Port Status and Control Screens Field Name MIB The number of stop bits. Parity Errors [rs232AsyncPortParityErrs ] The total number of characters with a parity error, input from the port since system re-initialization and while the port state was “up” or “test”. Framing Errors [rs232AsyncPortFramingE rrs] The total number of characters with a framing error, input from the port since system re-initialization and while the port state was “up” or “test”.
Port Status and Control Screens Checking the Ethernet Port Status From the 2.2.3 Ethernet Port Status menu, you can check how many times Ethernet Port errors or conditions occurred, and the status of the Ethernet Transceiver. 2.2.3.1 Ethernet Port Status 2.2.3.1.
Port Status and Control Screens Field Name MIB Multiple Collision Frames [dot3StatsMultipleCollisio nFrames] 2 The number of successfully transmitted frames on a particular interface for which transmission is inhibited by more than one collision. SQE Test Errors [dot3StatsSQETestErrors] The number of times that the SQE TEST ERROR message is generated by the PLS sublayer for a particular interface.
Port Status and Control Screens 2.2.3.2 Ethernet Transceiver Status 2.2.3.2. Ethernet Transceiver Status Port Number -----2 Link Status -----Up \ - return to menu Chip Speed ----10 Mbps . - commands Field Name Port Number Record 1 of 1 Duplex Mode -----Half Duplex TAB - next available field MIB [swEtherTransStatusIndex] ENTER - edi Comments 2 The Ethernet port number is 2. Link Status [swEtherTransLinkStatus] Tells you if the link is up or down.
Port Status and Control Screens Checking the RF Port Use the 2.2.4 RF Port Status screen to list RF ports and monitor link statistics. The screen displays the information and statistics for a given port. 2.2.4 RF Port Status 2.2.4. RF Port Status Port Number Port Type Port Status RF data rate RF Channel Bytes Frames Discards : : : : : IN : IN : IN : Digital Phase Lock Loop Frame Length Violation Non Octet Aligned Frame Abort Sequence CRC error Overrun Carrier Detect Lost Underrun CTS Lost \ - return t
Port Status and Control Screens Field Name RF Channel MIB Comments [swRFPortChannel]] The channel frequency in MHz. Bytes IN and OUT [swRFPortInBytes] and [swRFPortOutBytes] The total number of incoming and outgoing bytes on this port. Frames IN and OUT [swRFPortInFrames] and [swRFPortOutFrames] The total number of incoming and outgoing frames on this port.
Port Status and Control Screens Field Name Underrun MIB [swRFPortUnderrunErrors] Comments Transmission error The number of incomplete buffer errors in the communication processor for the port. CTS Lost [swRFPortCTSLost] Transmission error The number of times clear to send was lost for the port.
RF-DLC Screens RF-DLC Screens Use these screens to monitor the status of RF-DLC Base and Sub ports. They provide information about frames sent and received, port states, events, actions, etc. The screens in this section are all read-only. Note The base station sends commands to the sub station and receives responses from the sub station. Checking RF-DLC Base Port Status The 2.5.
RF-DLC Screens Field Name SNRME MIB Comments [swRFDLCBasePortSNRME] The number of Set Normal Response Mode Extended (SNRME) commands sent to all sub stations. A UA is the expected response. FRMR [swRFDLCBasePortFRMR] The number of Frame reject responses sent from the sub station when it receives an invalid frame. IFrames TX [swRFDLCBasePortOutIFrame] The number of IFrames transmitted. IFrames REC [swRFDLCBasePortInIFrame] The number of IFrames received.
RF-DLC Screens Field Name UI TX MIB Comments [swRFDLCBasePortOutUI] The number of Unnumbered information commands sent to all sub stations. UI REC [swRFDLCBasePortInUI] The number of Unnumbered information responses received from all sub stations. XID TX [swRFDLCBasePortOutXID] The number of Exchange station identification commands sent to all sub stations. XID REC [swRFDLCBasePortInXID] The number of Exchange station identification responses received from all sub stations.
RF-DLC Screens Checking the Sub Port Status You can access the 2.5.2 RF-DLC Sub Port Status screen on either the base station or the sub station. On the base station, this screen shows the status of all the base sub ports (sub station numbers). On the sub station, this screen shows the status of that sub station. 2.5.2 RF-DLC Sub Port Status 2.5.2. RF-DLC Sub Port Status Record 1 of 1 Prt SNRME FRMR IFrames No.
RF-DLC Screens Field Name IFrames REC MIB Comments [swRFDLCSubPortInIFrame] The number of IFrames received. RR - TX [swRFDLCSubPortOutRR] The number of Receive ready commands sent to the sub station. RR - REC [swRFDLCSubPortINRR] The number of Receive ready responses received from the sub station. State [swRFDLCSubPortState] • • • • • ADP NRM NRM-W NDM NRD The current state of the connection with the sub to the base.
RF-DLC Screens Field Name XID TX MIB Comments [swRFDLCSubPortOutXID] The number of Exchange station identification commands sent to the sub station. XID REC [swRFDLCSubPortInXID] The number of Exchange station identification responses received from the sub station. UA [swRFDLCSubPortUA] The number of Unnumbered acknowledgement responses received from the sub station. DISC [swRFDLCSubPortDISC] The number of Disconnect commands sent to the sub station.
RF-DLC Screens Checking the Polling Status The following screen lists the sub stations and displays their IP addresses and the poll list on which they are currently listed. For more information about polling, see “Polling” on page 67. 2.5.3 RF-DLC Sub Poll Status 2.5.3. RF-DLC Sub Poll Status Sub Station Number ------256 IP Address --------------204.212.131.
RF-DLC Screens Checking the RF Signal Status You can check the RF signal status for the RF Base Sub Ports. 2.5.4 RF Signal Status 2.5.4. RF-DLC Signal Status Port ---256 Signal Level (-dBm) -----------95 \ - return to menu Field Name Port Number Noise Level (-dBm) -----------95 .
RF-DLC Screens Field Name Rcv Timeouts/Sec MIB [swSignalStatusRcvToRate] The rate of receiver timeouts.
Bridging Screens Bridging Screens Checking Bridge and Spanning Tree Status The 2.3.1 Bridge and Spanning Tree Status screen is divided into two parts: • Bridge Status shows you the bridge settings • (If Spanning Tree is enabled) Spanning Tree Status shows you the settings for the Spanning Tree. 2.3.1 Bridge and Spanning Tree Status 2.3.1.
Bridging Screens Field Name Bridging Type MIB Comments [dot1dBaseType] Currently Transparent only. Spanning Tree Status: Root ID [dot1dStpDesignatedRoot ] The bridge identifier of the root of the Spanning Tree. This value is used as the Root Identifier in all Configuration Bridge PDUs originating from this node. Root Port [dot1dStpRootPort] The number of the port offering the lowest cost path from this bridge to the root bridge.
Bridging Screens Field Name Bridge Max Age MIB Comments [dot1dStpBridgeMaxAge] The value that all bridges use for Max Age when this bridge is acting as the root. Bridge Hello Time [dot1dStpBridgeHelloTim e] The value that all bridges use for Hello Time when this bridge is acting as the root. Bridge Forward Delay [dot1dStpBridgeForward Delay] The value that all bridges use for Forward Delay when this bridge is acting as the root.
Bridging Screens Checking Bridge Port Status Use this screen 2.3.2 Bridge Port Status to monitor frame activity on the bridge port. 2.3.2 Bridge Port Status 2.3.2. Bridge Port Status Port No. ---2 Record 1 of 1 Max In Out In MTU Exceeded Info Frames Frames Discards Discards ---- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------1492 0 0 0 0 \ - return to menu Field Name Port No. .
Bridging Screens Field Name Out Frames MIB Comments [swBridgePortStatusOutFrames] Frames, including bridge management frames, are added into the count only if processed by the bridging function. Total number of frames transmitted on this port. In Discards [swBridgePortStatusInDiscards] In Discards is incremented when a packet comes in on a port that is not forwarding, or is destined for a non-forwarding port.
Bridging Screens Checking Spanning Tree Port Status Use screen 2.3.3 Spanning Tree Port Status to check if a port is enabled for Spanning Tree and other statistics. To see the status of each port, press .N for the next port. 2.3.3 Spanning Tree Port Status 2.3.3. Spanning Tree Port Status Port Number Port State Port Status Port Path Cost Designated Root ID Designated Cost Designated Bridge Designated Port Port Forward Transitions \ - return to menu : : : : : : : : : Record 1 of 1 2 Forwarding Enabled
Bridging Screens Field Name Designated Root ID MIB Comments [dot1dStpPortDesignated Root] The unique Bridge ID of the root bridge in the Configuration BPDUs transmitted by the Designated Bridge for the segment to which the port is attached. Designated Cost [dot1dStpPortDesignated Cost] The path cost of the Designated port of the segment connected to this port. This value is compared to the Root Path cost field in received bridge PDUs.
Bridging Screens Transparent Bridging Table 2.3.4 Transparent Bridging Table 2.3.4. Transparent Bridging Table MAC Address ----------00:00:c4:1c:91:45 00:ba:d0:ba:be:00 \ - return to menu Field Name MAC Address Port ---3 2 . - commands Record 1 of 2 Status -----self self TAB - next available field MIB ENTER - edi Comments [dot1dTPFdbAddress] The Ethernet MAC address learned from the transmitting station. Port [dot1dTPFdbPort] The port number where MAC address was learned.
IP Routing Screens IP Routing Screens The IP Routing status screens include: • IP Protocol Status • IP Address Table • ICMP Status • Arp Table Checking IP Routing Status Use the 2.4.1.1 IP Protocol Status screen to check the routing configuration, if packets are being forwarded correctly, and to troubleshoot routing problems.This screen also provides you with information on the number and type of packets being routed. 2.4.1.1 IP Protocol Status 2.4.1.1.
IP Routing Screens Field Name Incoming Deliveries MIB Comments [ipInDelivers] The total number of input datagrams successfully delivered to IP user-protocols (including ICMP). Forwarding Requests [ipForwDatagrams The number of input datagrams for which this entity was not their final IP destination, and an attempt was made to find a route toward their final destination.
IP Routing Screens Field Name Fragmentation Failures MIB Comments [ipFragFails] The number of IP datagrams that have been discarded because they could not be fragmented as required. Fragments Created [ipFragCreates] The number of IP datagram fragments that have been generated as a result of fragmentation at this entity. Packets Fragmented OK [ipFragOKs] The number of IP datagrams that have been successfully fragmented at this entity.
IP Routing Screens 2.4.1.2 IP Address Table 2.4.1.2. IP Address Table IP Port ------2 3 IP Address --------------134.196.034.002 196.028.145.069 \ - return to menu Field Name IP Port Record 1 of 2 IP Mask --------------255.255.000.000 255.255.255.000 . - commands IP Broadcast -----------1 1 Reasm.Size ---------65535 65535 TAB - next available field MIB ENTER - edi Comments [ipAdEntIPIndex] The physical port configured for IP routing. The Ethernet port is 2; the RF port is 3.
IP Routing Screens Checking ICMP Activity The 2.4.1.4 ICMP Status screen provides details on the type of ICMP datagrams that are received and transmitted. 2.4.1.4 ICMP Status 2.4.1.4. ICMP Status Packets : Timestamp Requests : Timestamp Replies : ICMP-Specific Errors : Destination Unreachable Errors : Time Exceed Errors : Address Mask Requests : Address Mask Replies : Echo Requests : Echo Replies : Source Quenches : Router Redirects : Parameter Problems : \ - return to menu .
IP Routing Screens Field Name Destination Unreachable Errors MIB (Incoming) [icmpInDestUnreachs] MIB (Outgoing) [icmpOutDestUnreachs] The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages received. This error is generated if the Default Time to Live count = 0 or less. Time Exceeded Errors [icmpInTimeExcds] [icmpOutTimeExcds] The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages received. Address Mask Requests [icmpInAddrMasks] [icmpOutAddrMasks] The number of ICMP Address Mask Request messages received.
IP Routing Screens Checking the Address Resolution Protocol Table The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) table contains the physical mapping of MAC to IP addresses. Use this table to add static IP ARP entries. Press .A to begin editing. 2.4.1.5 ARP Table 2.4.1.5. ARP Table Port ---- Record 0 of 0 IP Address --------------- \ - return to menu .
Base Station States Base Station States The following table describes base station states: States Description Initialization No communications session exists between the base station and the sub station. The base station initializes the session. Wait for Initial Response The base station has sent an RR command frame (with poll bit set) and is waiting for a response. Wait for Set Mode Response The base station has sent an SNRME command frame and is waiting for a response.
Base Station States Events: Description: RNR Received An RNR frame was received from the sub station. REJ Received An REJ frame was received from the sub station. FRMR Received An FRMR frame was received from the sub station. RD Received An RD frame was received from the sub station. Response TO The response timer expired indicating that the sub station did not send a response frame within the expected time frame.
Base Station States The following table describes base station timers: Timers: Description: Poll Timer The poll timer determines when the base station should send a poll frame to the sub station. Response Timer The response timer is set every time a frame is transmitted to the sub station and a response frame is expected back. If this timer expires, it indicates that the sub station did not respond within the expected time frame.
Base Station States The following table describes sub station actions: Actions: Description: Send DM A DM response frame replies to all frames received when in the Disconnected state except for a UI or a SNRME frame. Send UA A UA response frame replies to a received DISC or SNRME command frame. Send XID An XID response frame replies to a received XID command frame. Send RD An RD response frame replies to any poll frame in order to initiate a disconnect with the base station.
Status Summary Status Summary Checking the Status Summary The 2.6 Status Summary screen is useful when you want to check the global parameters for all ports. 2.6 Status Summary 2.6. Status Summary Port Number -----1 2 3 Port Type -------------------Serial RS-422 Ethernet 100Mbit RF-DLC Base Port \ - return to menu Record 1 of 3 Physical Address ----------------00:00:00:00:00:00 00:ba:d0:ba:be:00 00:00:c4:1c:91:45 .
Status Summary Field Name MIB (Incoming) MIB (Outgoing) Bridging Whether bridging is enabled for this port. IP Whether IP routing is enabled for this port.
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Chapter 7: Troubleshooting Skyway Troubleshooting your SkyWay system isn’t as complicated as you may think. Although there are a number of different elements that may be the source of the problem, if you approach troubleshooting systematically, you can often correct the problem yourself, or perhaps with a little help from Solectek Technical Support. This chapter contains a flow chart to help you troubleshoot your system.
Symptom/Action Flowchart Start Y Bench Test Pass? Initial Install N Initialize and reconfigure units N Y Initial Configuration Pass? N N N Y Hardware problem? Call Solectek Technical Support Y Recent changes in network ? Y Call Solectek Technical Support Revert to last known good configuration N N Problem Solved? N Y N Y Recent changes in network ? Is Bridging working? Y N Y Is Routing working? N Y END 172 Revert to last known good configuration Clear RF Spectrum? N Hardware
Before You Call Solectek Tech Support Before You Call Solectek Tech Support Before you contact Solectek for technical assistance, attempt to troubleshoot the problem by following the flowchart (see “Symptom/Action Flowchart” on page 172). If you cannot resolve it yourself, have the items described in this section ready to provide to the Technical Support Engineer. Detailed description of the problem Be prepared to clearly explain the type of problem you are having. 2.1.
Network Configuration Have your network information ready, including: • Network diagram • Network configuration • Protocols • Applications RF Network Configuration Be prepared to give the Technical Services Engineer your RF configuration, including the distances between each point, the type of antenna at each point, base station, sub station, etc. Logical Network Map Have on hand a topology diagram of your network, if it is available.
Appendix A: Run-time Menu Tree Screen Description 1 Configuration Menu 1.1 System Configuration Menu 1.1.1 Network Management Security Configuration (Requires User Level = Super; no SNMP access) 1.1.2 Network Management System Configuration 1.1.3 User Access Configuration Menu 1.1.3.1 Add a User (Requires User Level = Super; no SNMP access) 1.1.3.2 Users (Requires User Level = Super; no SNMP access) 1.1.4 1.2 General Parameters Configuration Port Configuration Menu 1.2.
Screen 1.2.3 1.2.3.1 RF Port Configuration Menu RF Link Layer Configuration Menu 1.2.3.1.1 RF Base Port Configuration 1.2.3.1.2 RF Sub Port Configuration 1.2.3.1.3 RF Base Sub Port Configuration 1.2.3.1.4 ADP Substation Configuration 1.2.3.2 RF Diagnostic Port Configuration 1.2.3.3 RF Transceiver Configuration 1.2.3.4 Automatic Level Control 1.3 Bridge Configuration Menu 1.3.1 Bridge Configuration 1.3.2 Bridge Ports Configuration 1.4 Router Configuration Menu 1.4.
Screen 2.2.3 Description Ethernet Port Status Menu 2.2.3.1 Ethernet Port Status 2.2.3.2 Ethernet Transceiver Status 2.2.4 2.3 RF Port Status Bridge Status Menu 2.3.1 Bridge & Spanning Tree Status 2.3.2 Bridge Port Status 2.3.3 Spanning Tree Port Status 2.3.4 Transparent Bridging Table 2.4 2.4.1 Router Status Menu IP/ICMP/ARP Menu 2.4.1.1 IP Protocol Status 2.4.1.2 IP Address Table 2.4.1.3 ICMP Status 2.4.1.4 ARP Table 2.4.2 UDP/BOOTP Menu 2.4.2.1 UDP Status 2.4.2.
Screen 178 Description 3.1.1.1 TFTP Server Configuration 3.1.1.2 TFTP File Transfer 3.1.2 Ymodem File Transfer 3.1.3 Xmodem File Transfer 3.1.4 File Directory 3.2 Ping Utility 3.3 Flush Tables 4 Diagnostics Menu 4.1 RF Base Radio Test 4.2 RF Sub Radio Test 4.3 Field Support 4.3.1 LMX Synthesizer Field Support 4.3.2 Modulator/Demodulator Field Support 4.3.3 Baseband Processor Registers Field Support 4.3.
Appendix B: BIOS Menu Tree Summary Table Screen 1 Description Configuration Menu 1.1 System 1.2 Serial Port 1.3 Serial Transceiver 1.4 Ethernet Port 1.5 Ethernet Transceiver 1.6 Factory Configuration 2 Diagnostics 2.1 DRAM Diagnostics 2.2 Flash Diagnostics 2.3 Ethernet Diagnostics 2.4 Loop Through All Diagnostics 3 Files 4 Utilities 4.1 YMODEM 4.2 XMODEM 4.
Screen 4.4 180 Description Real Time Clock 5 Error Log 6 User Screens 6.1 Add a User 6.
Appendix C: Interface Specifications and Pinouts The SkyWay bridge/router uses these cables: • an LMR-400 RF cable connects to the antenna • a DC Power cable connects to an DC converter inside the building • an Administration Console (serial) cable connects to a terminal, workstation, or dedicated modem inside the building • either a 10 Base-T/100 Base-TX or 100 Base-FX Ethernet cable connects to a LAN server inside the building Caution Although Solectek does not recommend it, you may find it necessary to
DC Power Cable (Female DC Jack) Center Barrel Drain Note 182 Pin Number Purpose Color Barrel Ground WHT Center Hot BLK Drain Not Connected If you find it necessary to cut this connector, cut the cable and not into the molded area around the connector.
Console Cable (Serial RS-422: DB9) Console Cable (Serial RS-422: DB9) 1 9 Pin Number Color 1 ORN/WHT 2 WHT/ORN 3 GRN/WHT 4 WHT/GRN 5 BLU/WHT 6 Not connected 7 Not connected 8 Not connected 9 BRN/WHT 183
10 Base-T/100 Base-TX (Ethernet Cable: RJ-45) Note: Do not cut the 100 Base-FX (fiber optic) cable.
Appendix D: Detailed Product Specifications Features and Interfaces: RF Modem Speeds: 11 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, and 2 Mbps (by menu selection) RF Protocol: Solectek polling protocol for reliable links of any distance without RF “signal capture” or “hidden node” effects. Wide Area Network Architectures: Point-to Point (one-to-one) and/or Multi-Point (one-tomany), 64 sub station maximum, standard with all SkyWay models.
Radio Characteristics: Frequency: 2.4 to 2.4835 GHz Radio Channels: From 2.4 to 2.475 GHz @6 MHz intervals--11 channels RF Coding: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) Bit Error Rate (BER): • 11 Mbps 1x10-8 @-83 dBm • 5.5 Mbps - 1x10-8 @ -86 dBm • 2 Mbps - 1x10-8 @ -90 dBm RF Security Codes: 128 variations available Radio License Required: No user license required. Certified for user installation and unlicensed operation per FCC 15.247 and FCC 15.203.
Appendix E: Supported Protocols Supported protocols are those that are bridged or routed, and those used for managing SkyWay and file transfer. Bridged Protocols SkyWay supports all standard protocols on standard Ethernet for bridging: • NetBEUI • NetBIOS • DECNet • Ethertalk • Any IEEE 802.3 or EtherII Ethernet Frame • 802.
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Appendix F: Error Codes The following table contains the error status codes for SNMPv2 and their corresponding codes for SNMPv1: Error Number Error Status (SNMPv2) Error Status (SNMPv1) 0 No Error No Error 1 Too Big Too Big 2 No Such Name No Such Name 3 Bad Value Bad Value 4 Read Only Read Only 5 General Error General Error 6 No Access No Such Name 7 Wrong Type Bad Value 8 Wrong Length Bad Value 9 Wrong Encoding Bad Value 10 Wrong Value Bad Value 11 No Creation No Such
Error Number 190 Error Status (SNMPv2) Error Status (SNMPv1) 14 Commit Failed General Error 15 Undo Failed General Error 16 Authorization Error No Such Name 17 Not Writable No Such Name 18 Inconsistent Name No Such name
Appendix G: SNMP Trap Messages The following table contains the SNMP traps, and a short description. SNMP Trap Name Description coldStart Indicates the unit is reinitializing. linkDown Indicates a failure in one of the communication links. linkUp Indicates a communication link has been reestablished. authenticationFailure Indicates the intended recipient of a packet was not properly authenticated. newRoot Indicates that the sending entity has become the new root of the Spanning Tree.
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Appendix H: Installation Recording Form Use this form to record installation information.
Antenna Mounting Height: Azimuth of Antenna Centerline: Is Antenna Mast or Tower Grounded? Cable Length: RS-422: Ethernet: Power: Routing: 194 Enabled or Disabled
Appendix I: Sources of SNMP Management Software The following SNMP managers are available: 1. HP Open View (Hewlett-Packard) Visit www.openview.hp.com/contact/ and look for an authorized reseller near you. 2. SNMPC Network Management for Windows Castle Rock Computing 12930 Saratoga Ave. Saratoga, CA 95070 www.castlerock.com 3. Catalyst Visit www.catalyst.com and either purchase online or look for an authorized reseller near you.
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Appendix J: Glossary and Basic Concepts This chapter provides a list of important terms and basic concepts you should understand while working with SkyWay. It includes the following information: Basic Concepts ............................................................... 198 Units of Measure ............................................................ 201 Connection Types........................................................... 203 Antennas ...............................................................
Basic Concepts Radio Signals To visualize radio (RF) waves, consider the waves created when an object moves in water. Water waves are strongest near their source, but they decrease in size as they spread in all directions. Radio waves fan out from their source in a similar manner. They travel best in empty space, but they can also pass through gasses, such as air, and many other substances. The lower the frequency of an RF signal, the more substances it can penetrate.
Basic Concepts Frequency is the cycling rate of the signal wave. Amplitude is the height or strength of the signal wave. A radio can be tuned to a frequency so that the receiver is aligned with the peaks and valleys of the RF wave. The receiver can then detect when the wave is out of phase. Radio waves can carry messages in different ways. The radios in our homes and cars convey sounds in a continuous stream (analog).
Spread Spectrum 200 Spread spectrum spreads the transmission over different frequencies within its assigned bands. There are four variations of spread spectrum technology, but for internetworking purposes Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) with DPSK is the one most frequently used. DSSS continuously distributes the signal across a portion of the frequency band. DSSS resists interference from other RF signals, static from nearby electronic devices, and fading.
Units of Measure Units of Measure Attenuation and Gain Attenuation is a decrease in amplitude due to signal absorption or dispersion. Gain is an increase in amplitude due to different forms of signal enhancement, such as the use of an antenna to focus the signal. Amplitude and gain are measured in decibels (dB). Antenna gain is measured relative to the strength of the signal you would receive at any given distance using an antenna with no gain (such as a dipole or theoretic Isotropic antenna).
It measures signal strength relative to some type of reference signal. Decibel measurements are often referenced to the following values: • The signal at its source • The center point in the cone radiating from a directional antenna at any distance from its source. • One milliwatt. dBm is the unit of measure used when signal strength is measured in decibels relative to one milliwatt. • An antenna with no gain.
Connection Types Connection Types LAN. A Local Area Network (LAN) links workstations, processors, and other equipment within a local area, such as the inside of a building. WAN. A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a network with connections spanning broader distances than a LAN and typically with connections to the Public Switched Telecommunications Network (PSTW). A WAN might connect locations in different buildings or different geographic regions. Internetwork.
Antennas Antennas come in different configurations to serve different needs. To span large distances, you must narrow the signal into a focused beam. The more focused is the signal, the greater is the gain. Since narrowing the signal increases the gain, you are allowed to exceed six dB only if you reduce the power to less than 1 watt under FCC rule Part 15.247. On the other hand, a 360o omnidirectional antenna has only a fourfold gain, so it can use the maximum allowable one watt of power.
Antennas align when they collide. A glancing deflection changes the angle of the wave very little, so it remains generally in phase with the wave at the center lobe. Within the signal span, there are zones where deflected signals are generally in phase with the center lobe signal, and there are other zones where deflected signals are generally out of phase with the center lobe signal. We refer to these zones as Fresnel (frËnl) zones.
(optical) line of sight are different. Consult your Solectek dealer or Solectek’s Web site at www.solectek.com for more information. Signal collisions occur when two stations transmit at the same time. If any one station is beyond the listening range of any other station, both of these stations might transmit simultaneously. The result is called a collision, and it generally results in lost data. The CSMA/CA protocol was created to resolve this problem. CSMA/CA.
Antennas RF-DLC Base Station / Substation Polling Protocol. To overcome the CSMA/ CA limitations mentioned above, Solectek has developed a base station / substation polling protocol called RF-DLC. The RF-DLC protocol allows for higher throughput under heavy load than systems using CSMA/CA or other similar protocols. The base station allocates substation access to the internetwork. It polls each substation and allows a designated time for the substation to respond.
Protocols IP. Internetwork Protocol (IP) is a routing protocol used to direct both outgoing and incoming messages based on an internetwork addresses. Spanning Tree. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a bridging protocol based on an IEEE 802.1 standard technique for ensuring efficient paths between bridged networks. Where multiple paths exist, the Spanning Tree algorithm calculates the best path to use. If that path deadends or gets mired in a loop, STP reconfigures the network to use another path.
Equipment Equipment Console A VT-100 terminal or workstation with VT-100 terminal emulation capability and terminal emulation software (such as Hyperterm). Protocol Analyzer A protocol analyzer or LAN analyzer is a device used to analyze LAN system activity. It receives all frames transmitted over the LAN, regardless of address, and provides a detailed analysis.
Site Survey A site survey provides the studies and analysis needed to assure success in a wireless internetwork design. A site survey is particularly important for long distance and multipoint connections, and it is essential if there is any doubt whether a wireless internetwork is feasible or practical for the application. Site surveys may include few or many studies, depending on the difficulty of the installation and the questions to be answered.
Site Survey nas, it is not essential to maintain a free space path of 100%. Note that this chart does not show ground cover objects, such as trees or buildings. The next chart shows the same terrain with the same antenna heights, but it calculates based on the recommended minimum limit of 60% (.6) free-space in the lower half of the F1 zone. This graphically shows the minimum RF line of sight requirements for the antennas.
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Appendix K: Skyway Antennas A good wireless connection depends on the antenna you choose and mount. This chapter contains information about the following antennas: 7002301: 6 dBi Omni Directional Antenna ..................... 214 7002401: 11 dBi Omni Directional Antenna ................... 216 7002501: 16 dBi Outdoor Flat Panel Directional Antenna 218 7002601: 17 dBi Outdoor Flat Panel Directional Antenna 220 7002701: 22 dBi Outdoor High gain Flat Panel Directional Antenna...................................
7002301: 6 dBi Omni Directional Antenna Specifications Frequency 2.4000 to 2.4835 GHz Net Gain 6.0 dBi 3dB Beam width (E. Plane) 20 ° Front to Back ratio N/A – Omnidirectional Polarity Vertical, fixed Cross polarity rejection n/a VSWR (Average) 1.5:1 Impedance 50 τ Coaxial pigtail length (to ODU) 214 Rated wind velocity 125 mph (201 kph) Wind loading @ rated wind velocity 3.76 lbs (1.71 kg) Elevation adjustment n/a Size 10.5 in l x 5/8 in dia. (266.7 mm l x 15.
7002301: 6 dBi Omni Directional Antenna Wall Mount Note. Since the antenna must be mounted above the SkyWay, do not use the wall mount if the SkyWay is mounted on a mast. 1. Prepare the wall as necessary (e.g., measure and drill holes, set screw anchors). 2. Insert and tighten two screws through pre-drilled mounting holes. Mast Mount 1. Attach the antenna to the mast with two hose clamps seated in grooves on the bracket.
7002401: 11 dBi Omni Directional Antenna Specifications Frequency 2.4000 to 2.4835 GHz Net Gain 11.0 dBi 3dB Beam width (E. Plane) 12o Front to Back ratio N/A – Omnidirectional Polarity Vertical, fixed Cross polarity rejection n/a VSWR (Average) 1.5:1 Impedance 50 τ Coaxial pigtail length (to ODU) 216 Rated wind velocity 135 mph (217 kph) Wind loading @ rated wind velocity 4.0 lbs (1.81 kg) Elevation adjustment n/a Size 37 in l x .7 in dia. (939.8 mm l x 17.78 mm dia.) Weight 0.
7002401: 11 dBi Omni Directional Antenna Specifications (Continued) Radome UV stabilized fiberglass Mounting hardware Galvanized and stainless steel clamp Mast diameter .75 in to 2.0 in (19.05 mm to 50.8 mm OD pipe Wall Mount Note. Since the antenna must be mounted above the SkyWay, do not use the wall mount if the SkyWay is mounted on a mast. 1. Prepare the wall as necessary (e.g., measure and drill holes, set screw anchors). 2.
7002501: 16 dBi Outdoor Flat Panel Directional Antenna Note: This antenna is designed to be used as a bridge between two networks or for point-topoint communications in the ISM band (2.4 GHz) only. Specifications Frequency 2.4000 to 2.4835 GHz Net Gain 16.0 dBi 3dB Beam width (E. Plane) Front to Back ratio Polarity Vertical (default) or horizontal; field changeable Cross polarity rejection VSWR (Average) 1.
7002501: 16 dBi Outdoor Flat Panel Directional Antenna Specifications (Continued) Radome Reflector material Mounting hardware Mast diameter .75 in to 3.0 in (19.05 mm to 76.2 mm) OD pipe Wall Mount Note. Since the antenna must be mounted above the SkyWay, do not use the wall mount if the SkyWay is mounted on a mast. 1. Prepare the wall as necessary (e.g., measure and drill holes, set screw anchors). 2. Use four screws to attach the provided wall mount to the wall. Mast Mount 1.
7002601: 17 dBi Outdoor Flat Panel Directional Antenna Note: This antenna is designed to be used as a bridge between two networks or for point-topoint communications in the ISM band (2.4 GHz) only. Specifications Frequency 2.4000 to 2.4835 GHz Net Gain 17.0 dBi 3dB Beam width (E. Plane) Front to Back ratio Polarity Vertical (default) or horizontal; field changeable Cross polarity rejection VSWR (Average) 1.
7002601: 17 dBi Outdoor Flat Panel Directional Antenna Specifications (Continued) Size Weight Radome Reflector material Mounting hardware Mast diameter .75 in to 3.0 in (19.05 mm to 76.2 mm) OD pipe Wall Mount Not available. Mast Mount Note: Use a 9/16 in wrench to tighten the bolts. 1. Use four bolts to attach the lower part of the bracket to the square antenna. 2. Adjust the tilt on the center section using the 2 bolts. 3. Use four bolts to anchor the bracket to the mast with two U-bolts.
7002701: 22 dBi Outdoor High gain Flat Panel Directional Antenna Note: This antenna is designed to be used as a bridge between two networks or for point-topoint communications in the ISM band (2.4 GHz) only. Specifications 222 Frequency 2.4000 to 2.4835 GHz Net Gain 21.2 dBi 3dB Beam width (E.
7002701: 22 dBi Outdoor High gain Flat Panel Directional Antenna Specifications (Continued) VSWR (Average) 1.5:1 Impedance 50 τ Coaxial pigtail length (to ODU) 36 in (914.4 mm) Rated wind velocity 100 mph/140 mph (161 kph/225 kph) Wind loading @ rated velocity 30 lbs/140 lbs (13.61 kg/63.5 kg) Elevation adjustment 45 ° Size 24.0 in x 24.0 in x 1.5 in (609.6 mm x 609.6 mm x 38.1 mm) Weight 15 lbs (6.
7002801: 8 dBi Indoor/Outdoor Patch Antenna Note: This antenna is designed to be used as a bridge between two networks or for point-topoint communications in the ISM band (2.4 GHz) only. Specifications 224 Frequency 2.4000 to 2.4835 GHz Net Gain 8.0 dBi 3dB horizontal beam width 60 ° 3 dB vertical beam width 60 ° Front to Back ratio 25 dB Polarity Linear Cross polarity rejection n/a VSWR (Average) 1.
7002801: 8 dBi Indoor/Outdoor Patch Antenna Wall Mount Note. Since the antenna must be mounted above the SkyWay, do not use the wall mount if the SkyWay is mounted on a mast. 1. Prepare the wall as necessary (e.g., measure and drill holes, set screw anchors). 2. Insert and tighten two screws through pre-drilled mounting holes. Mast Mount 1. Attach the antenna to the mast with two hose clamps seated in grooves on the bracket. 2. Tighten the clamps. 3.
7002901: 12 dBi 110 ° Outdoor Sectorial Antenna Note: This antenna is designed to be used as a bridge between two networks or for point-topoint communications in the ISM band (2.4 GHz) only. Specifications Frequency 2.4000 to 2.4835 GHz Net Gain 12.0 dBi 3dB Beam width (E. Plane) 12 ° Front to Back ratio > 17 dB Polarity Vertical, fixed Cross polarity rejection n/a VSWR (Average) 1.
7002901: 12 dBi 110 ° Outdoor Sectorial Antenna Specifications (Continued) Wind loading @ 140 mph 6.6 lbs (2.99 kg) Elevation adjustment n/a Size 20 in x 2 in x 1.2 in (508 mm x 50.8 mm x 30.48 mm) Weight 0.55 lbs (.25 kg) Radome ASA, UV stabilized Reflector material Powder-coated aluminum Mounting hardware stainless steel worm-type clamp Mast diameter .75 in to 3.0 in (19.05 mm to 76.2 mm) OD pipe Wall Mount Note.
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Index Symbols (db), decibel 201 (female dc jack), dc power cable 182 (psk), phase shift key 199 Numerics 10 base-t/100 base-tx (Ethernet cable RJ-45) 184 2.
port configuration 92 port status 152 spanning tree status and 149 bridge and spanning tree status, checking 149 bridge port status, checking 152 bridge/router, accessing the SkyWay 22 bridged protocols 187 bridging 88 bridging screens 149 bridging table, transparent 156 bridging, enabling and disabling 88 C cable (female dc jack), dc power 182 cable, copper 53 cable, fiberoptic 53 cables, routing connected 48 cabling, connecting 48 center lobe 198 changes that require cycling or resetting 16 changes, savi
csma/ca 206, 207 cycling or resetting, changes that require 16 D database service, configuration 21 database, understanding the configuration 16 date and time, setting the system 64 dbi 202 dbm 202 dc jack), dc power cable (female 182 dc power cable (female dc jack) 182 decibel 201 decibel (db) 201 defaults for bench test, minimum configuration settings and factory 32 definitions, file 118 descrIPtion of the problem, detailed 173 descrIPtion, general 8 detailed descrIPtion of the problem 173 detection and
intended audience 2 interference 202 internet control message protocol 102 internetwork 203 IP 208 address table 160 port configuration 95 protocol configuration 93 protocol status 157 static routes configuration 97 IP addresses, obtaining 69 IP addresses, setting up 69 IP ports, configuring the 95 IP routing 93 IP routing screens 157 IP routing status, checking 157 IP, configuring 93 ISM bands 199 J jack), dc power cable (female dc 182 K key (psk), phase shift 199 key, phase shift 199 L LAN 203 analyzer
performing the bench test 33 phase shift key 199 phase shift key (psk) 199 ping utility 108, 109 point-to-point 203 point-to-point or multi-point application 8 polarization, antenna 204 polling 67 polling protocol, mst/sm base station / substation 207 polling protocol, RF-DLC base station / substation 207 polling status, checking the 146 port and serial transceiver, configuring the serial 23 port configuration Ethernet 83 RF base 74 RF base sub 80 RF diagnostic 73 RF sub 78 serial 24 port states 88 port sta
routing connected cables 48 routing protocols IP 208 routing screens, IP 157 routing status, checking IP 157 routing, IP 93 routing, setting up static 97 rows, common 15 runtime diagnostics 104 runtime, starting the BIOS application from 18 S safety considerations 29 safety guidelines, electrical 29 safety guidelines, general 29 saving configuration changes 16 screens display information, how 15 screens displaying one record.
status and control screens, port 132 status and control screens, system 127 status and control, general 127 status and trap history, checking SNMP 128 status of a sub station, validating accept 81 status summary 168 status summary, checking the 168 status, checking bridge and spanning tree 149 status, checking bridge port 152 status, checking IP routing 157 status, checking RF-DLC base port 140 status, checking spanning tree port 154 status, checking the Ethernet port 134 status, checking the polling 146 st
U understanding RF-DLC 65 understanding the configuration database 16 understanding the menu structure 13 unit, mounting the SkyWay 42 unit, resetting the 16 units of measure 201 up IP addresses, setting 69 up static routing, setting 97 up the antenna, setting 45 uploading a new software version 115 users 63 users and setting access levels, adding 62 users, displaying a list of 63 using this guide 3 utilities, file transfer 112 utility, ping 108, 109 V validating accept status of a sub station 81 verificat
