MODEL Oxford Dictionary of English New Oxford Thesaurus of English PW-E300 ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY OPERATION MANUAL Page • Getting Started ........................................................ 2 • Using the Oxford Dictionary of English ................ 14 • Using the New Oxford Thesaurus of English ....... 18 • Using the Super Jump function ............................ 20 • Using the History function ..................................... 21 • Using the Calculator function ...............................
Introduction Thank you for purchasing the SHARP Electronic Dictionary, model PW-E300. The PW-E300 contains data based on the following dictionaries (see page 4): • Oxford Dictionary of English • New Oxford Thesaurus of English After reading this manual, store it in a convenient location for future reference.
CONTENTS Getting Started Using the PW-E300 for the first time ............................................................ 2 Layout ........................................................................................................... 5 Basic Operation ............................................................................................ 7 Set-up Menu ............................................................................................... 11 Inputting Characters ...........................
Getting Started Using the PW-E300 for the first time Be sure to perform the following operations before using the PW-E300 for the first time. 1. Set the battery replacement switch on the bottom of the unit to the ‘REPLACE BATTERY’ position. 6. Open the unit and press o to turn the power on. The LCD contrast screen will appear. • Should a different screen appear, follow the reset procedure on page 26.
Turning the power on/off The power can be switched on by pressing the keys listed below. To turn off the power, press o. Display status upon start-up Key o Restores the display as it was before the unit was switched off (Resume function). m The main menu screen appears.
Data contained in the PW-E300 The dictionary data contained in this unit is based on the following dictionaries: • Oxford Dictionary of English 2e © Oxford University Press 2003 • New Oxford Thesaurus of English © Oxford University Press 2000 * All rights reserved.
Layout Display symbols (Refer to the next page for details) Display Dictionary/function selection key Menu key Font size shift key Power on/off key Clear key Back space key 2nd function key Utility keys for Dictionaries Escape key Page scroll key Cursor keys Enter key 5
Key assignments Display symbols : Opens the input screen for the Oxford Dictionary of English This symbol will be displayed when the battery level is low. Promptly replace the old battery with a new one. : Opens the input screen for the New Oxford Thesaurus of English Indicates that the key sound (beep) is set to ON. : Opens the input screen for the spell checker Indicates that ^ has been pressed.
Basic Operation Inputting words for a dictionary search In this section, the basic search operation is described. For details, refer to the manual chapter for each dictionary. Find definitions of ‘sharpen’ in the Oxford Dictionary of English. 1. Press d to display the input screen for the Oxford Dictionary of English, then input ‘sharp’. The entries starting with ‘sharp’ are listed. Selecting a dictionary / function in the main menu Press m. The main menu appears.
List view: selecting an item; scrolling Filter search view: selecting an item; scrolling Press d to display the initial screen of the Oxford Dictionary of English, then press e. The list view of the Oxford Dictionary of English appears. Press d, then type A, and B. ‘ab’ is entered, and words starting from ‘ab’ listed.
Detail view: scrolling Shifting the displayed character size (z) Press d, then type A, and e. The detail view with definitions appears. Press the z key to shift the character size to be displayed. 12 dot-based (vertical pixel resolution) or 9 dot-based characters can be selected. For instance, press z to display the 12 dot characters to 9 dot characters. Press z again to toggle the displayed characters back to 12 dot-base.
Listing a summary of detail view items (q) Browsing Notes (r) The Quick View function suppresses some examples and additional information, and lists out the main sections and senses from each detail view entry. Use this function to browse quickly through the summary of an entry. A Note icon ( ) may appear in the detail view. This indicates that a note can be selected to view extra information (additional information, usage note, etc.) of the entry. Press r to select the icon.
Note: Set-up Menu Using the r key will display the following: Press m to display the main menu, then press 3. The set-up menu appears. • Oxford Dictionary of English • Usage notes • Additional (boxed) information • New Oxford Thesaurus of English • Tables (lists of items relevant to particular headwords) • Awkward synonyms and confusable terms Select a desired item to change the setting. • To delete the history list, see page 21.
Setting the Auto power off activation time Inputting Characters This product automatically turns its power off to save the battery. The turn-off time is set to five minutes by default. Methods of inputting characters are described in this section. 1. Press m, 3, then 2. Character entry The Auto power off setting screen appears. A simple example of inputting characters is shown below. Enter a word ‘clear’ for search. 1. Press d to open the input screen of the Oxford Dictionary of English.
Modifying entry • Convert uppercase letters to lowercase. Deleting unnecessary characters Word AC Entry for search ac UK uk 1. Press d to open the input screen of the Oxford Dictionary of English. 2. Type ‘external’. • Spell out the numbers when applicable. Word 4WD Entry for search fourwd A5 afive • Enter ‘and’ instead of ‘&’. 3. While the cursor is at the end of the string, press ( three times to delete ‘nal’. 4.
Using the Oxford Dictionary of English In this Dictionary, definitions of a word can be found by entering its spelling. Features such as Phrase search, Crossword solver, and Anagram solver are also available. Looking up a word (Filter search) A definition of a word can be looked up by inputting its spelling. Find the definition of ‘advance’. 1. Press d to open the Oxford Dictionary of English. The input screen appears. • Press ^ l to list the headwords in the Oxford Dictionary of English.
Phrase search Crossword solver To search for idioms or phrasal verbs, enter no more than three words in the input field. The phrases containing ALL the entered words can be searched for. Use a wildcard character ‘?’ to search for words with ambiguous spellings. Place the appropriate number of ‘?’ characters in the places of characters yet to be determined. Search for a phrase containing ‘take’ and ‘care’. 1. Press d to open the Oxford Dictionary of English.
Anagram solver Spellcheck function A word or series of letters can be entered to find any matching anagrams found in the Oxford Dictionary of English. The spellcheck function can be helpful when the exact spelling of a query word is not known. Find anagrams for ‘dear’. You are not sure whether ‘liason’ or ‘liaison’ is correct. 1. Press d to open the Oxford Dictionary of English. 1. Press s to open the input screen of the spellcheck function.
4. In the list, select a desired word using the number keys (press 1, in this example). The detail view with descriptions of the word is displayed. • If a word selected is not in its original form, and cannot be found as a headword, then the detail view of the word's original form will be displayed. It may be necessary to scroll down within the detail view to find the desired word form. • Press f to go back to the previous view. • Press ^ l to list the headwords in the Oxford Dictionary of English.
Using the New Oxford Thesaurus of English Input a word in this Thesaurus to find its synonyms, as well as antonyms and other related terms in the detail view. • To search a word in the detail view, use the Super Jump function. • Press f to return to the previous screen. • Press ^ l to list the headwords in the New Oxford Thesaurus of English. • To search a different word, simply begin inputting a new word, or press b or t to go to the input screen of the New Oxford Thesaurus of English.
Phrase search Further information To search for idioms or phrasal verbs, enter no more than three words in the input field. The phrases containing ALL the entered words can be searched for. For further information on using this thesaurus, refer to the Introduction on pages 41-46. Search for a phrase containing ‘make’ and ‘up’, and find its synonyms. 1. Press t to open the New Oxford Thesaurus of English. Press } once to place the cursor at the ‘Phrase search’, then press e.
Using the Super Jump function Use the Super Jump function to select any word in the detail view of each dictionary, then initiate a search based on the selected word. How to use the Super Jump function Initiate a Super Jump search via the Oxford Dictionary of English. 1. In the Oxford Dictionary of English, show the detail view of the word ‘function’. 2. Press v. The cursor appears to select the first word in the view. • Press f to go back to the previous view.
Using the History function Use the History function to recall a headword or phrase previously searched in the Dictionaries. Deleting a history item 1. Display the history list on the screen. 2. Use the } or { key to place the cursor on the word to be deleted. The reverse colour indicates the selected item. 3. Press (. A confirmation dialog for deletion appears. How to use the History function 4. Press Y. The selected word is deleted.
Using the Calculator function The built-in calculator in the Electronic Dictionary can perform twelve-digit arithmetic calculations with memory function. To access the Calculator function, press a. Calculation examples Example (–24) ÷ 4 – 2 = Operation ! - 24 / 4 - 2 = 34 + 57 = 45 + 57 = 34 + 57 = The second figure (57) 45 = becomes the constant. 68 × 25 = (Subtraction and division are performed in the same way as above.) 68 * 25 = The first figure (68) 1,700.
Using the Converter function The Converter function consists of two converters: the Currency converter, and the Metric converter. 3. Use the { } keys to place the cursor at the desired input field, then input the currency name and its rate. In this example, press } and input ‘0.7’. • The currency name field of currency converter is temporarily pre-defined, as seen in the above example.
Metric converter Units capable of being converted Conversions between different units of measurement (length, mass, etc.) can be performed. The following conversion formulae can be utilised. length1: Convert 40 feet to metres. length2: feet ⇔ m 1. Press k 2 to access the Metric converter. length3: yard ⇔ m 2. Use { } to select ‘Converter [length2]’. length4: mile ⇔ km inch ⇔ cm weight1: ounce ⇔ g weight2: pound ⇔ kg temperature: volume: °F ⇔ °C pint ⇔ litre 3. Input ‘40’.
When to replace the battery Appendices Replace the battery immediately in the following cases: • When Replacing the battery Note: Battery used • Use only the specified alkaline battery. Type Alkaline battery is displayed. • When the message ‘Replace the battery’ appears upon turning the power on. Size / Model Quantity Size “AAA” / LR03 1 Precautions • Fluid from a leaking battery accidentally entering an eye could result in serious injury.
Reset procedure if trouble occurs Specifications Exposure to a strong physical shock or powerful electrical fields may render the keys inoperable, to the point that the power cannot be switched on. If such case is suspected, try following the procedure below. Model: PW-E300 Product name: Electronic Dictionary Reset procedures Display: 159 × 80 dot matrix LCD 1. Press the RESET switch located on the bottom of the unit, with the tip of a ball-point pen or similar object.
Troubleshooting Product support Refer to the list of possible symptoms, and solutions may be found here. If you have read this operation manual, but you still require product support, you can: The unit cannot be switched on. • Check if the battery is not drained. See page 25. Visit our web site • Check the battery replacement switch; it should be set at the ‘NORMAL OPERATION’ position. See page 2. http://www.sharp.co.uk • Check the polarity of the battery. See page 2.
Introductions to the Dictionaries Oxford Dictionary of English Introduction The Oxford Dictionary of English has been compiled according to principles which are quite different from those of traditional dictionaries. New types of evidence are now available in sufficient quantity to allow lexicographers to construct a picture of the language that is more accurate than has been possible before.
(a) figurative extension of the core sense, e.g. HEADWORD: logjam CORE SENSE: a crowded mass of logs blocking a river. SUBSENSE: figurative a situation that seems irresolvable: EXAMPLE: the president can use his power to break the logjam over this issue. SUBSENSE: figurative a backlog: EXAMPLE: keeping a diary may ease the logjam of work.
Specialist Vocabulary Encyclopedic Material One of the most important uses of a dictionary is to provide explanations of terms in specialized fields which are unfamiliar to a general user. Yet in many traditional dictionaries the definitions have been written by specialists as if for other specialists, and as a result the definitions are often opaque and difficult for the general user to understand.
Grammar In recent years grammar has begun to enjoy greater prominence than in previous decades. It is once again being taught explicitly in state schools throughout Britain and elsewhere. In addition there is a recognition that different meanings of a word are closely associated with different lexical and syntactic patterns.
1 Types or varieties of: • food and drink, e.g. yogurt/yogurts, pasta/pastas, rum/rums. • plants: e.g. clover/clovers, barley/barleys. • fabric: e.g. gingham/ginghams, silk/silks. • certain languages or subjects: e.g. English/Englishes, music/musics. • metals and alloys: e.g. steel/steels, solder/solders. Other terms relating to nouns [as modifier]: used to mark a noun which can be placed before another noun in order to modify its meaning. For examples see boom and bedside. [treated as sing.
[postpositive]: used to mark an adjective which is used postpositively, i.e. it typically comes immediately after the noun which it modifies. Such uses are unusual in English and generally arise because the adjective has been adopted from a language where postpositive use is standard, e.g. galore in there were prizes galore for everything.
3. Specialist reading A general corpus does not, by definition, contain large quantities of specialized terminology. For this reason, a directed reading programme was set up specially for the Oxford Dictionary of English, enabling additional research and collection of citations in a number of neglected fields, for example food and cooking, health and fitness, boats and sailing, photography, genetics, martial arts, and complementary medicine. 4.
Usage Notes ( ) Interest in questions of good usage is widespread among English speakers everywhere, and many issues are hotly debated. In the Oxford Dictionary of English, traditional issues have been reappraised, and guidance is given on various points, old and new. The aim is to help people to use the language more accurately, more clearly, and more elegantly, and to give information and offer reassurance in the face of some of the more baffling assertions about ‘correctness’ that are sometimes made.
technical: normally used only in technical and specialist language, though not necessarily restricted to any specific subject field. rare: not in normal use. humorous: used with the intention of sounding funny or playful. dialect: not used in the standard language, but still widely used in certain local regions of the English-speaking world.
Spelling It is often said that English spelling is both irregular and illogical, and it is certainly true that it is only indirectly related to contemporary pronunciation. English spelling reflects not modern pronunciation but the pronunciation of the 14th century, as used by Chaucer. This traditional spelling was reinforced in the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular through the influence of the works of Shakespeare and the Authorized Version of the Bible.
A similar alternation is found in compound adjectives such as well intentioned. When used predicatively (i.e. after the verb), such adjectives are unhyphenated, but when used attributively (i.e. before the noun), they are hyphenated: his remarks were well intentioned but a well-intentioned remark. A general rule governing verb compounds means that, where a noun compound is two words (e.g. beta test), any verb derived from it is normally hyphenated (to beta-test: the system was beta-tested).
Adjectives The following forms for comparative and superlative are regarded as regular and are not shown in the dictionary: • words of one syllable adding -er and -est, e.g. great → greater, greatest • words of one syllable ending in silent e, which drop the -e and add -er and -est, e.g.
(@) before /l/, /m/, or /n/ indicates that the syllable may be realized with a syllabic l, m, or n, rather than with a vowel and consonant, e.g. /"bVt(@)n/ rather than /"bVt@n/. G (Spanish) Burgos F (Italian) Cagliari (r) indicates an r that is sometimes sounded when a vowel follows, as in drawer, cha-chaing. Û (Hungarian) Magyarország R French ‘r’ Anvers, Arles r all other values of ‘r’ in other featured languages.
y (French) cru Y (German) München j (Irish) (Russian) Dáil Arkhangelsk > (French) Horta nasalized vowels (~ indicates nasality) a~ pincette Q~ cordon bleu } A~ (French) Danton, Lac Leman E~ (French) Amiens, Rodin ~ 9 (French) Verdun O~ (French) arrondissement y; (German) gemütlich New Oxford Thesaurus of English Introduction diphthongs aI used for anglicized French pronunciations (German) Gleichschaltung The New Oxford Thesaurus of English (NOTE) has been compiled using
Selection of entries The primary purpose of the thesaurus is to give lists of synonyms for the common everyday words of English: words with roughly the same meaning as the entry word or 'headword'. Not every word has synonyms. Some words, especially terms denoting kinds of animals, plants, and physical objects, have no synonyms, so they do not get entries in a thesaurus. The user will look in vain for synonyms of gerbil and geranium.
In this title, the broadest possible definition of the term 'synonym' has been adopted, as being the one that will be most useful to users. Even words whose meaning is quite distantly related to that of the headword are listed if they can be used to get the same message across in appropriate contexts.
Linguistic evidence Register: standard vs informal and regional English The compilers of NOTE have had access to two major linguistic resources, the British National Corpus and the files of the Oxford Reading Programme. The British National Corpus is a body of 100 million words of English books, newspapers, and transcribed speech in machine-readable form, used for linguistic and lexicographical research.
historical: still used today, but only to refer to some practice or article that is no longer part of the modern world, e.g. crinoline as a synonym for petticoat. humorous: used with the intention of sounding funny or playful, e.g. terminological inexactitude as a synonym for lie. archaic: very old-fashioned language, not in ordinary use at all today, but sometimes used to give a deliberately old-fashioned effect or found in works of the past that are still widely read, e.g.
Related terms A special feature of NOTE is that it gives not only synonyms and opposites but also other related terms, especially for concrete nouns such as milk (where lactic is not a synonym, but a word with a related meaning) and town (municipal, urban, and oppidan). There are two types of related words: the first are adjectives which usually mean 'relating to' the headword but have a different origin (e.g.
MEMO 47
MEMO 48
In Europe: This equipment complies with the requirements of Directive 89/336/ EEC as amended by 93/68/EEC. Dieses Gerät entspricht den Anforderungen der EG-Richtlinie 89/ 336/EWG mit Änderung 93/68/EWG. Ce matériel répond aux exigences contenues dans la directive 89/ 336/CEE modifiée par la directive 93/68/CEE. Dit apparaat voldoet aan de eisen van de richtlijn 89/336/EEG, gewijzigd door 93/68/EEG. Dette udstyr overholder kravene i direktiv nr. 89/336/EEC med tillæg nr. 93/68/EEC.
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