RS 32000 Switch Router Getting Started Guide Release 9.0 36-006-12 Rev.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 About This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.1 How to Use This Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.2 Related Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3.5 3.3.6 3.3.7 3.3.8 3.3.9 Installing a Redundant Switch Fabric Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 Installing the Control Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11 Installing Line Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14 Installing GBIC Modules into GBIC Line Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1 Components of RS 32000 chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Figure 2-2 Front view with fabric bay open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 Figure 2-3 Front view of loaded RS 32000 chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xvi Riverstone Networks RS 32000 Switch Router Getting Started Guide
LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 ISO 7-layer model and RS 32000 capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Table 2-2 Hardware and software capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Table 2-3 AC power supply physical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xviii Riverstone Networks RS 32000 Switch Router Getting Started Guide
1 ABOUT THIS GUIDE This guide provides a general overview of the hardware and software features, and provides procedures for initial installation and set up of the RS 32000. 1.1 HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE If You Want To... See...
Related Documentation 1-2 Riverstone Networks RS 32000 Switch Router Getting Started Guide About This Guide
2 INTRODUCTION The RS 32000 performs non-blocking, wire-speed layer-2 switching, layer-3 routing, and layer-4 application switching. This chapter provides a basic overview of the RS 32000 software and hardware feature set. • If you want to skip this information and install the RS 32000, see Chapter 3, "Hardware Installation." • If you want to boot the RS 32000 software and perform basic configuration tasks, see Chapter 4, "Initial Configuration." Note 2.
System Overview 2.2 Introduction SYSTEM OVERVIEW The RS 32000 hardware provides wire-speed performance regardless of the performance monitoring, filtering, and Quality of Service (QoS) features enabled by the software. You do not need to accept performance compromises to run QoS or access control lists (ACLs). The following table lists the basic hardware and software specifications for the RS 32000.
Introduction Software Overview Table 2-2 Hardware and software capabilities (Continued) Feature Specification Hot swapping • • Line cards • • Switch Fabric Modules • • • • Redundant power supplies Redundancy 2.
Software Overview Introduction Protocol-based VLANs – A protocol-based VLAN is a named set of ports that comprises an IP, IPX, AppleTalk, DECNet, SNA, IPv6, or L2 broadcast domain. The RS confines protocol-specific broadcasts to the ports within the protocol-based VLAN. Protocol-based VLANs sometimes are called subnet VLANs or layer-3 VLANs. You can include the same port in more than one VLAN, even in both port-based and protocol-based VLANs.
Introduction • • Software Overview DVMRP GARP/GVRP The RS 32000 does not use a specific IP multicast routing protocol by default. When you configure an interface for IP multicast, you also specify the routing protocol you want the interface to use.
Software Overview • Introduction Layer-4 application ACLs (block traffic based on UDP or TCP source and destination ports for IP or source and destination sockets for IPX) In addition to filtering and ACL, the RS also provides login security in the form of TACACS, TACACS+, RADIUS, and Secure Session Shells (SSH) version 1.5. 2.3.
Introduction 2.3.8 Software Overview Web Hosting Features The RS 32000 provides features that support and improve performance for high-capacity web access: Load balancing – allows incoming HTTP requests to a company’s web site to be distributed across several physical servers. If one server should fail, other servers can pick up the workload. Web caching – allows HTTP requests from internal users to Internet sites to be redirected to cached web objects on local servers.
Hardware Overview 2.4 Introduction HARDWARE OVERVIEW This section describes the RS 32000 hardware components with which you will be working. (Installing the hardware is described in Chapter 3, "Hardware Installation.") The following hardware components are described: • • • • • Chassis, backplane, and fan assembly Switch Fabric module Power supplies Control Module Line cards 2.4.1 Chassis Figure 2-1 and Figure 2-2 shows the various components of the RS 32000 chassis.
Introduction Hardware Overview Switch Fabric Bay Door (shown in open position) Switch Fabric 1 Switch Fabric 2 (Optional) Clock Module Power Supplies Bay Figure 2-2 Front view with fabric bay open Figure 2-3 shows an RS 32000 fully loaded with redundant AC power supplies, redundant Control Modules, and line cards. Notice that the Control Modules reside in slot 8 and 9.
Hardware Overview Introduction You can install line cards in any order in the slots. For example, you could install line cards in slots 2 and 5 and leave the other line card slots empty. The RS provides non-blocking throughput regardless of the software features you are using. Therefore, you do not need to “load balance” line cards by placing them in certain physical relationships to balance the load on the backplane.
Introduction 2.4.4 Hardware Overview Switch Fabric Module On the RS 32000, the Switch Fabric is contained on a separate plug-in module. The RS 32000 has slots for two of these modules. When two Switch Fabric modules are installed, the module in the slot labeled “Fabric 1” serves as the primary Switch Fabric module, the module in the slot labeled “Fabric 2” serves as a redundant Switch Fabric module.
Hardware Overview 2.4.5 Introduction AC Power Supply The AC power supply are powered by 100-120V (16A) or 200-240V (8A). Each component (Control Module, line card, and so on) regulates its power needs. Two power supplies provide enough current to operate a fully-populated chassis; one or two additional power supplies provide redundant power. The power supply has its own internal cooling fan. The vent on the front of the power supply is the inlet vent for the cooling fan.
Introduction 2.4.6 Hardware Overview DC Power Supply The DC power supply are powered by 48 volts DC. Each component regulates its power needs. A single DC power supply provides enough current to operate a fully-populated chassis. Figure 2-6 shows the front view of an RS 32000 DC power supply.
Hardware Overview 2.4.7 Introduction Control Module The Control Module is the central processing unit of the RS 32000. It contains system-wide bridging and routing tables. Traffic that does not yet have an entry in the L2 and L3/L4 lookup tables on individual line cards is sent to the Control Module. After processing traffic, the Control Module updates the L2 and L3/L4 tables on the line cards that received the traffic. The line cards thus “learn” about how to forward traffic.
Introduction Hardware Overview Caution The Test Port is for use by Riverstone Networks, Inc. support personnel only. Boot Flash The Control Module has a boot flash containing the boot software and configuration files. The system software image file typically resides on a 16 megabyte PC card, but can also reside on a TFTP server or BootP/TFTP server. Memory Module The Control Module uses memory to hold routing tables, bridging tables, and other tables.
Hardware Overview Table 2-5 Introduction DB-9 pin assignments (Continued) Control Module DB-9 connector (DCE) Pin number Management console DB-9 connector (DTE) GND (ground) 5 GND (ground) DTR (data terminal ready) 6 DSR (data set ready) CTS (clear to send) 7 RTS (request to send) RTS (request to send) 8 CTS (clear to send) Unused 9 Unused Control Module RJ-45 Connector Pin Assignment Table 2-6 RJ-45 console connector pin assignments Control Module RJ-45 connector Pin Number Manage
Introduction Hardware Overview Table 2-7 Control Module LEDs (Continued) LED Description FABRIC 1/FABRIC 2 These LEDs indicate the status of the switching fabric(s): ACTIVE – When lit, this LED indicates that the switching fabric is actively receiving, processing, and sending packets. ONLINE – When lit, this green LED indicates that the switching fabric is online and is ready to receive, process, and send packets if configured to do so.
Hardware Overview 2.4.8 Introduction 24-Port 10/100Base-TX Line Card The 24-port 10/100Base-TX line card contains 24 independent Ethernet ports. Each port senses whether it is connected to a 10-Mbps segment or a 100-Mbps segment and automatically configures itself as a 10Base-T or 100Base-TX port. Figure 2-8 shows the front panel of the 24-port 10/100Base-TX line card.
Introduction Hardware Overview Table 2-8 RJ-45 10/100Base-TX connector pin assignments Line card RJ-45 connector Pin number RJ-45 connector at other end of segment RXD (receive data) 1 TXD (transmit data) RXD (receive data) 2 TXD (transmit data) TXD (transmit data) 3 RXD (receive data) Unused 4 Unused Unused 5 Unused TXD (transmit data) 6 RXD (receive data) Unused 7 Unused Unused 8 Unused Figure 2-9 shows the pin positions in the 10/100Base-TX connectors: 87654321 Figure 2-9
Hardware Overview Introduction Table 2-10 24-port 10/100Base-TX line card LEDs LED Description Online When lit, this green LED indicates that the line card is online and is ready to receive, process, and send packets if configured to do so. Offline When lit, this amber LED indicates that the line card is offline (powered off) and is ready for hot swap.
Introduction 2.4.9 Hardware Overview 32-Port 10/100Base-TX Line Card The 32-port 10/100Base-TX line card contains 32 independent Ethernet ports. Each port senses whether it is connected to a 10-Mbps segment or a 100-Mbps segment and automatically configures itself as a 10Base-T or 100Base-TX port. Figure 2-10 shows the front panel of the 32-port 10/100Base-TX line card.
Hardware Overview Introduction Table 2-11 RJ-21 10/100Base-TX connector pin assignment Port number Connector pin number Signal Connector pin number Signal 1 1 2 RxD (-) TxD (-) 26 27 RxD (+) TxD (+) 2 3 4 RxD (-) TxD (-) 28 29 RxD (+) TxD (+) 3 5 6 RxD (-) TxD (-) 30 31 RxD (+) TxD (+) 4 7 8 RxD (-) TxD (-) 32 33 RxD (+) TxD (+) 5 9 10 RxD (-) TxD (-) 34 35 RxD (+) TxD (+) 6 11 12 RxD (-) TxD (-) 36 37 RxD (+) TxD (+) 7 13 14 RxD (-) TxD (-) 38 39 RxD (+) TxD (+) 8
Introduction Hardware Overview Table 2-12 32-port 10/100Base-TX line card media specifications Port type Specification 10Base-T • • 802.3 standard • • EIA Category 3, 4, or 5 unshielded twisted pair cabling • • 802.
Hardware Overview Note Introduction Thirty-two LEDs are grouped below the three RJ-21 connectors. Each LED indicates the link state of the associated physical port. Table 2-13 32-port 10/100Base-TX line card LEDs LED Description Online When lit, this green LED indicates that the line card is online and is ready to receive, process, and send packets if configured to do so.
Introduction 2.4.10 Hardware Overview Gigabit Ethernet GBIC Line Card Figure 2-12 shows the front panel of the 4-port and 8-port Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) line card.
Hardware Overview Introduction Single-Mode Long-Reach (70 Km) Multi-Mode Short-Reach and Single-Mode Intermediate-Reach Figure 2-13 GBIC modules The GBIC line cards accepts the following GBIC modules: Table 2-14 GBIC modules media specification Port type Specification GBIC SX (MMF) • • Multi-mode fiber interface • Maximum of 300 m of cable • • Single-mode fiber (intermediate range) interface • Maximum of 10 km of cable • • Single-mode fiber (long range) interface • Maximum of 70 km of cable
Introduction Hardware Overview Table 2-15 GBIC line card LEDs LED Description Online When lit, this green LED indicates that the line card is online and is ready to receive, process, and send packets if configured to do so. Offline When lit, this amber LED indicates that the line card is offline (powered off) and is ready for hot swap. The Offline LED also is lit briefly during a reboot or reset of the RS and goes out as soon as the Control Module discovers and properly initializes the line card.
Hardware Overview 2.4.11 Introduction Channelized T3 Line Card The channelized T3 line card has 4 ports, each port connection consists of a pair of BNC connectors (transmit/receive pairs). The line card also has an internal CSU/DSU. Each channelized T3 port has an associated test port, which provides access to any of the T1 channels within a channelized T3 group. A total of 28 T1 lines on each T3 port are available for the transmission of data.
Introduction Hardware Overview Table 2-16 Channelized T3 line card media specifications Port type Specification channelized T3 • • • SJA 44 connectors/75-ohm coaxial BNC connectors T1 RJ48c test port for each DS3 (test port only) ANSI T1.102, T1.107, and T1.
Hardware Overview Introduction Table 2-18 Channelized T3 line card LEDs (Continued) LED Description Per-port Link /Alarm Green – indicates that the line card detects a cable plugged into the port and a good link is established. Yellow – T1 any alarm. Red – the Alarm Indication Signal (AIS); indicates that there is a transmission fault located either at or upstream from the transmitting terminal. Per-port RX Yellow – indicates that the port’s transceiver is receiving data.
3 HARDWARE INSTALLATION This chapter provides hardware installation instructions and information on safety considerations, environmental considerations, and regulatory standards. 3.1 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS Warning 3.1.1 Read the following safety warnings and product cautions to avoid personal injury or product damage. Preventing Injury • • To avoid injury, be careful when lifting the chassis out of the shipping box. • Never operate the RS 32000 with exposed power supply bays or line card slots.
Hardware Specifications Hardware Installation • It is recommended that you use a support tray under the RS 32000 chassis when installing in an equipment rack (see Figure 3-1). This is especially advisable for chassis that are fully populated with line cards and power supplies. • When installing components into the rack-mounted chassis, maintain a balanced and even distribution of components in the chassis.
Hardware Installation 3.3 Installing the Hardware INSTALLING THE HARDWARE This section contains descriptions of the necessary operations for a successful installation of the RS 32000. 3.3.1 Verifying Your Shipment Before you begin installing the RS 32000, check your shipment to ensure that everything you ordered arrived securely. Warning To avoid possible personal injury, be careful when lifting the chassis out of the shipping box.
Installing the Hardware Hardware Installation Install Rackmount Shelf Into Rack Lift chassis by handholds on sides Figure 3-1 Installing the RS 32000 chassis in an equipment rack Warning Never attempt to install an RS 32000 chassis into a rack by yourself. Warning To make lifting and holding the chassis easier, it is recommended that you install the RS 32000 chassis while empty. Remove all line cards, Control Modules, and power supplies.
Hardware Installation 3.3.3 Installing the Hardware Warning Make sure there are at least 3 inches (7.62 centimeters) of room above and behind the unit for air flow to the cooling fans. Warning Make sure the screws are tight before your assistant releases the chassis. If you accidentally leave the screws loose, the chassis can slip and fall, possibly becoming damaged. Installing AC Power Supplies To install an AC power supply follow this procedure.
Installing the Hardware Hardware Installation Warning Use a single-phase grounded power source located within 6 feet (1.89 meters) of the installation site. Warning High leakage current can be caused by multiple power supplies. For this reason, it is essential that each power cord be connected to separate branch circuits with proper earth connections.
Hardware Installation Installing the Hardware . DC Power Supply slides into chassis between alternate guide rails and straddles center guide rail Figure 3-3 Installing a DC power supply 5. Attach wires to the terminals on the front of the unit. To attach a wire, remove the terminal nut, place the cable’s wiring lug over the terminal stud, replace and tighten the terminal nut. 6. Connect the safety ground wire to a reliable earth ground. 7. Connect the DC input wiring to the DC power source.
Installing the Hardware Hardware Installation For safety, observe all of the following conditions for DC power connections. Table 3-3 DC power safety conditions All power connection wiring should conform to the rules and regulations in the National Electrical Code (NEC), as well as any local codes. Each DC-input power supply connection is rated at 60A maximum. A dedicated, commensurately-rated DC power source is required for each power entry module connection.
Hardware Installation 3.3.5 Installing the Hardware Installing a Redundant Switch Fabric Module On the RS 32000, the primary Switch Fabric module is installed in the chassis at the factory. If ordered, an optional redundant Switch Fabric module is shipped separately from the RS 32000 chassis. To install a Switch Fabric module perform the following steps: 1. Open the Switch Fabric door, as shown in Figure 3-4. Switch Fabric Door Rotates Up to Open Position Figure 3-4 Opening the Switch Fabric door 2.
Installing the Hardware Hardware Installation Switch Fabric 1 Switch Fabric 2 Clock Module View Inside Bay Switch Fabric Module (1 of 2) Figure 3-5 Installing a redundant Switch Fabric module on the RS 32000 3-10 Riverstone Networks RS 32000 Switch Router Getting Started Guide
Hardware Installation 3.3.6 Installing the Hardware Installing the Control Module The primary Control Module must be installed in slot CM/8. The redundant Control Module must be installed in slot CM/9. Figure 3-6 shows an example of how to install a Control Module. The procedure following the figure describes how to do this. Note If you plan to install a redundant Control Module, see Section 4.9 "Using Redundant Control Modules.
Installing the Hardware Hardware Installation To install the Control Module preform the following steps: 1. If a cover plate is installed in the Control Module slot (slot number CM/8 or CM/9), remove the cover plate: loosen the screws on the ejectors until the screws pop out, then open the ejectors and pull out the plate. 2. Open the ejectors at the top and bottom of the Control Module. 3.
Hardware Installation Installing the Hardware Card Ejectors Out Card Ejector Out Insert Card Slot Empty PC Card Card Ejectors In Card Inserted, Card Ejector Pushed In PC Card 1 PC Card 2 Push Card Ejector, Then Ejector Pops Out Card Ejector Pushed In, Card Is Ejected PC Card PC Card Figure 3-7 Installing PC flash memory card Note If the message “SYS-E-NOFLASHCARD” appears while booting the RS 32000, the system has not detected a PC card.
Installing the Hardware 3.3.7 Hardware Installation Installing Line Cards Line cards can be installed in slots 1 – 7 and 9 – 16. If you also plan to install a redundant Control Module, you can install line cards in slots 1 – 7 and 10 – 16. Figure 3-8 shows an example of how to install a line card. The procedure following the figure describes how to do this.
Hardware Installation Installing the Hardware 4. Slide the line card all the way into the slot, firmly but gently pressing the line card in place to ensure that the pins on the back of the line card are completely seated in the backplane. 5. To lock the line card into the slot, close the ejectors. Using a straight-blade screwdriver, tighten the screw on each ejector. 6. Repeat the above steps for the remaining line cards. 3.3.
Installing the Hardware Hardware Installation Insert GBIC through spring-loaded door. GBIC is keyed, and will fit only if orientation correctly. To remove, press tabs on top and bottom of GBIC and pull. Figure 3-10 Inserting a GBIC module 2. Gently insert the GBIC module into the GBIC slot opening. The GBIC door on the line card folds in, and the internal guides engage the alignment slots on the sides of the GBIC module. Warning 3. If the GBIC module does not go in easily, do not force it.
4 INITIAL CONFIGURATION This chapter provides the following information on powering up the RS 32000 and performing basic setup procedures.
Powering on the RS 32000 Initial Configuration L2-Cache 256 KB, linesize 32, cache enabled. Mounting 16MB external flash card . . .
Initial Configuration Note Powering on the RS 32000 If the message “SYS-E-NOFLASHCARD” appears while booting the RS 32000, the system has not detected a PC card. If this occurs, ensure that the PC card is properly inserted, then reboot. If the system still does not recognize the card, contact Riverstone Networks, Inc. technical support.
Starting the Command Line Interface 4.2 Initial Configuration STARTING THE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE To start the Command Line Interface (CLI), power on the system, as described in Section 4.1, "Powering on the RS 32000." After the software is fully booted, press Return (or Enter) to activate the CLI. If prompted for a password, simply press Return; the factory default passwords for all access levels is blank. 4.2.
Initial Configuration 4.2.2 Starting the Command Line Interface Basic Line Editing Commands The CLI supports Emacs-like line editing commands. The following table lists some commonly used commands. For a complete set of commands, see the Riverstone RS Switch Router Command Line Interface Reference Manual.
Configuration Changes and Saving the Configuration File 4.3 Initial Configuration CONFIGURATION CHANGES AND SAVING THE CONFIGURATION FILE The RS 32000 uses three special configuration files: Table 4-3 Configuration file contents File Descriptions Scratchpad The configuration commands you have entered during a management session. These commands do not become active until you explicitly activate them.
Initial Configuration Note 4.3.2 Configuration Changes and Saving the Configuration File If you exit the Configure mode (by entering the exit command or pressing Ctrl+z), the CLI will ask you whether you want to make active the changes in the scratchpad. If you do not make the changes in the scratchpad active, the changes will be lost when you log out.
Configuration Changes and Saving the Configuration File 4.3.3 Initial Configuration Viewing the Current Configuration To view the current configuration: 1. Ensure that you are in Enable mode by entering the enable command. 2. Enter the following command to display the status of each command line: system show active-config Note Remember that the Active configuration contains both the Startup configuration and any configuration changes that you’ve made active in the current configuration session.
Initial Configuration 4.4 Setting the Basic System Information SETTING THE BASIC SYSTEM INFORMATION Follow the procedures in this section to set the following system information: • • • • • System time and date System name System location Contact name (the person to contact regarding this router) IP address for the management port on the Control Module Note Some of the commands in this procedure accept a string value.
Setting the Basic System Information Initial Configuration Here is an example: rs(config)# system set name rs rs(config)# system set location "Houston, TX" rs(config)# system set contact "John Smith" 5. Use the interface add ip command to set the IP address and netmask for the en0 Ethernet interface. The en0 Ethernet interface is used by the management port on the Control Module. Here is an example: rs(config)# interface add ip en0 address-netmask 16.50.11.22/16 Note 6.
Initial Configuration 9. Setting the Basic System Information Save the Active configuration to the Startup configuration file using the following command: copy active to startup 10.
Setting Up Passwords 4.5 Initial Configuration SETTING UP PASSWORDS You can password-protect CLI access to the RS 32000 by setting up passwords for User mode access, Enable mode access, and Diag mode access. Users who have a User password but not an Enable password can use only the commands available in User mode. Users with an Enable password can use commands available in the Enable and Configure modes, as well as the commands in User mode.
Initial Configuration Setting Up Passwords Test all new passwords before saving the active configuration to the Startup configuration file. Caution 4.5.1 If You Forget Your Passwords If you forget your passwords follow the procedure below to regain access to your RS 32000. Note To perform this procedure, you must use a terminal or PC running terminal emulation software that is connected directly to the RS 32000 through its DB-9 console port. 1. Power cycle the RS 32000. 2.
Setting Up Passwords Initial Configuration boot skipconfig=yes Here is an example: rs-boot> boot /pc-flash/boot/ros80 skipconfig=yes 5.
Initial Configuration 4.6 Setting Up SNMP SETTING UP SNMP To use SNMP to manage the RS 32000, you need to set up an SNMP community and specify the IP address of the target host for SNMP traps. Otherwise, the RS 32000’s SNMP agent runs in local trap process mode, unless disabled using the snmp stop command. For additional information about configuring SNMP, see the Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide. 4.6.
Setting Up SNMP Initial Configuration By default, SNMP information is sent and received on the Control Module’s en0 Ethernet port. If you want SNMP to use a different port on the RS 32000, use the following command. snmp set trap-source | Here is an example: rs(config)# snmp set trap-source 134.152.78.192 SNMP will now use the port with IP address 134.152.78.192. Remember, to make this change permanent, enter the save startup command. 4.6.
Initial Configuration Setting Up SNMP For additional information about RS 32000 security and ACLs, see the Riverstone Networks RS Switch Router User Guide. 4.6.3 Supported MIBs The following lists the MIBs that are supported by the RS 32000 SNMP agent.
Setting Up SNMP Initial Configuration Table 4-4 Supported MIBs (Continued) DOCS-QOS-MIB Draft #4 CTRON-SSR-CONFIG 8/17/99 CTRON-SSR-HARDWARE (deprecated) 8/14/99 CTRON-SSR-SERVICE-STATUS (deprecated) 8/4/98 CTRON-SSR-CAPACITY-MIB RIVERSTONE-INVENTORYMIB 6/19/01 4-18 Riverstone Networks RS 32000 Switch Router Getting Started Guide
Initial Configuration 4.7 Setting the DNS Domain Name and Address SETTING THE DNS DOMAIN NAME AND ADDRESS Associating a DNS name server with your RS 32000 allows you to use device names (rather than IP addresses) when entering certain commands. For example, you can use a device’s name (which the DNS server knows) when using the ping command. If you want the RS 32000 to access a DNS server, use the following procedure to specify the domain name and IP address for the DNS server. 1.
Setting the DNS Domain Name and Address 7. Initial Configuration Exit Configure mode, then enter the system show dns command to verify the new DNS settings. Here is an example: rs# system show dns DNS domain: mrb.com, DNS server(s): 16.50.11.12 8. Use the ping command to verify that the RS can resolve the DNS server name into its IP address. Here is an example: rs# ping rs PING rs.mktg.mrb.com (16.50.11.22): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 16.50.11.22: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0 ms --- rs.mktg.mrb.
Initial Configuration 4.8 Setting the SYSLOG Parameters SETTING THE SYSLOG PARAMETERS The RS 32000 can use SYSLOG messages to communicate the following types of messages to a SYSLOG server: Table 4-5 Types of SYSLOG messages Message Type Description Fatal Information about events that caused the RS 32000 to crash and reset. Error Information about errors. Warning Warnings against invalid configuration information and other conditions that are not necessarily errors.
Using Redundant Control Modules Note Initial Configuration The is a string of the form: user, kern, or local0 through local7. These strings are reserved by the SYSLOG server daemon. for information on how is used by the SYSLOG server, see the documentation for your server’s syslog.conf file. Here is an example: rs# config rs(config)# system set syslog server 16.50.11.12 rs(config)# system set syslog level info rs(config)# system set syslog facility local0 5.
Initial Configuration Using Redundant Control Modules Each message confirms that the Active and Startup Configurations were saved to the backup CM. 4.9.1 Fail Over There are two ways that the primary CM can fail – either by a software failure (which causes a soft fail over) or by a hardware failure (which causes a hard fail over). Each of these failures cause the backup CM to assume the role of primary CM in a different way.
Using Redundant Control Modules 4.9.2 Initial Configuration Communicating with the Backup Control Module There are two ways to establish communication with the backup CM: through the backup CM’s console port or through a telnet session from the primary CM to the backup CM using the keyword backup-cm. For Instance, the following example shows a telnet session from the primary CM to the backup CM.
Initial Configuration Using Redundant Control Modules For example, enter Enable mode on the backup CM, and then enter the help command (?).
Using Redundant Control Modules Initial Configuration Software/Hardware Versions Make sure that the software image are the same on the primary CM and backup CM – it is possible to have two different software images on each Control Module. If the images are not the same and fail over occurs, the image on the backup CM may or may not be able to process the configuration of the failed primary CM.
5 MANAGING SOFTWARE This chapter describes how to perform operations regarding RS 32000 operating software and bootPROM images software. The following topics are covered: • • • • • Upgrading the system image software Upgrading the Boot PROM image software Loading RS 32000 software from a TFTP server Loading RS 32000 software from a BootP/TFTP server Upgrading the operating software without rebooting the RS 5.
Upgrading System Image Software Managing Software system image add Note The is the full directory path and filename to the image software file on the TFTP server. Here is an example: rs# system image add 134.152.178.5 tftpboot/ros8100 Downloading image 'tftpboot/ros8100' from host '134.152.178.5' to local image ros8100 (takes a while) . . . download: done save: kernel: 100% done Image checksum validated. %SYS-I-BOOTADDED, Image 'ros8100' added.
Managing Software Note 6. If the RS has a redundant Control Module, the upgrade performed on the primary CM will occur automatically on the backup CM. Use the system image list command to verify the change. Note 7. Upgrading Boot PROM Software You do not need to activate this change. Reboot the RS 32000 to load and run the new system software image. 5.2 UPGRADING BOOT PROM SOFTWARE The RS 32000 boots using the boot PROM image software installed on the Control Module’s internal memory.
Upgrading Boot PROM Software Note Managing Software The is the full directory path and filename to the bootPROM image file on the TFTP server.
Managing Software Upgrading Boot PROM Software Here is an example: rs# system promimage upgrade 134.152.178.5 tftpboot/prom-211 Downloading image 'tftpboot/prom-211' from host '134.152.178.5' image is a prom upgrade to version 'prom-2.0.1.1' tftp complete checksum valid. Ready to program. Active-CM: flash found Active-CM: erasing... Active-CM: programming... Active-CM: verifying... Active-CM: programming successful. Active-CM: Programming complete. rs# 4. Reboot the RS 32000. 5.
Loading Software from the Network 5.3 Managing Software LOADING SOFTWARE FROM THE NETWORK Typically, the RS 32000 loads its operating software from the PC flash card inserted in the Control Module. Alternately, the RS 32000 can be configured to ignore its PC flash image and obtain its software from a network server. The RS 32000 can obtain its image software from either a TFTP or BootP/TFTP server. Note 5.3.
Managing Software • • • • Loading Software from the Network Subnet mask for the RS 32000 – (netmask) The IP address of the RS 32000’s default gateway – (gateway) Full path and filename to the software image on the TFTP server – (bootsource) IP address of the TFTP server – (bootaddr) rs-boot> rs-boot> rs-boot> rs-boot> rs-root> set set set set set netaddr netmask gateway bootsource bootaddr Here is an example: rs-boot> rs-boot> rs-boot> rs-boot>
Loading Software from the Network Managing Software Here is an example: rs-boot> boot Rebooting. . . . . .source: tftp://134.152.176.5/tftpboot/ros80 Build location: host 'matrix' by 'adm'... Version: 8.0.0.0 . . . 5.3.2 Loading Image Software from a BootP/TFTP Server The RS 32000 contains a BootP client and can be configured to obtain its image software from a BootP/TFTP server.
Managing Software Hitless Software Upgrade Here is an example: rs-boot> set autoboot bootp 6. Configure the BootP/TFTP server with the RS 32000’s CPU MAC address, an appropriate IP address, and the location of the RS 32000 software image file. Additionally, make sure that the ARP cache of the BootP/TFTP server is set correctly for the RS 32000. 7. Reboot the RS 32000 by entering the reboot command at the Boot prompt.
Hitless Software Upgrade • • Managing Software The backup CM is rebooted The backup CM is changed to the primary CM 5.4.1 Hitless Upgrade Example The following is a step-by-step example of performing a hitless upgrade.Note that for this example, the TFTP server IP address is 134.141.178.5 and the upgrade image path and filename is “/tftpboot/ros12.” Furthermore, in this example, the primary CM resides in slot CM and the backup CM resides in slot CM/1. 1.
Managing Software 3. Hitless Software Upgrade Enter the system image choose backup-cm command and choose the new software image as the image to use for the next reboot. rs# system image choose ros12 backup-cm **Warning: Be sure to also choose this image on the Primary Control Module so that the same images are chosen for next reboot on the Control Modules. Failure to do so may prevent hot failover from working correctly. Choosing image on Backup CM Making image ros12 (version 12.0.0.
Hitless Software Upgrade 7. Managing Software When satisfied with the software upgrade, you can repeat the previous steps to load the upgraded software onto the Control Module in slot CM (currently the backup CM) and return its state to primary CM.
APPENDIX A TROUBLESHOOTING If you experience difficulty with the basic hardware or software setup procedures in this guide, check the following table. If you find a description of the difficulty you are experiencing, try the recommended resolution. If the resolution does not remove the difficulty or it is not listed in this appendix, contact: Riverstone Technical Assistance Center - RTAC • • • • Telephone: (408) 844-0010 FAX: (408) 878-6920 Internet address: www.riverstonenet.
Table A-1 Troubleshooting (Continued) If you experience this difficulty... Try this remedy... A specific line card is inactive. Make sure the line card is inserted all the way into the chassis and the captive screws are screwed in. The chassis LEDs indicate activity but you cannot tell what the RS is doing. Make sure you have properly connected the primary Control Module to a management console and the console is powered on.
INDEX A C access modes ............................................ 4-4 activating config commands in scratchpad4-6 activating the Command Line Interface... 4-2 adding new software image to PC flash card5-1 address-based bridging............................. 2-3 annotations in configuration files............. 4-8 application switching ............................... 2-5 assigning DNS servers ........................... 4-19 autoboot....................................................
trap target ......................................... 4-15 viewing .............................................. 4-8 configuration file annotations................... 4-8 Configure mode........................................ 4-4 configuring BootP/TFTP server ............... 5-9 Control Module ........................................ 5-9 changing mastership ........................ 4-26 fail over............................................ 4-23 fail over time....................................
802.3 (10Base-T) ............................... 2-2 802.3u (100Base-TX) ........................ 2-2 802.3x (1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX)2-2 802.3z (1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX)2-2 media interface protocol........................... 2-2 MIB II....................................................... 2-6 MIB II statistics........................................ 2-6 MIBs....................................................... 4-17 MPLS ....................................................... 2-6 multicast routing.....
throughput.......................................... 2-2 RTAC ...................................................... A-1 (408) 844-0010 ................................. A-1 support@riverstonenet.com.............. A-1 www.riverstonenet.com/support....... A-1 S SAP........................................................... 2-5 save active .......................................4-6, 4-10 save startup............................................... 4-7 saving active configuration to startup ......
image-file-name................................. 5-4 ip add route ........................................ 5-3 system promimage upgrade ............... 5-3 system show version .......................... 5-3 upgrading boot PROM software .............. 5-3 upgrading software image-file-name................................. 5-2 ip add route ........................................ 5-1 system image add............................... 5-2 system image choose ......................... 5-2 system image list........
