User Guide

ManualsBrandsRiverbed Technology ManualsElectronicsWIRELESS LAN ARRAY

June 10, 2008

Summary of content (103 pages)

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June 10, 2008
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Trademarks is a registered trademark of Xirrus, Inc. All other trademarks and brand names are marks of their respective holders. Notices FCC Notice This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
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Non-Modification Statement Unauthorized changes or modifications to the device are not permitted. Use only the supplied internal antenna, or external antennas supplied by the manufacturer. Modifications to the device will void the warranty and may violate FCC regulations. Please go to the Xirrus Web site for a list of all approved antennas. Indoor Use This product has been designed for indoor use.
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Industry Canada Notice and Marking This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003. Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada. The term “IC:” before the radio certification number only signifies that Industry Canada technical specifications were met.
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EU Directive 1999/5/EC Compliance Information This section contains compliance information for the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array family of products, which includes the XN16, XN8, and XN4. The compliance information contained in this section is relevant to the European Union and other countries that have implemented the EU Directive 1999/5/EC. Declaration of Conformity Cesky [Czech] Toto zahzeni je v souladu se základnimi požadavky a ostatnimi odpovidajcimi ustano veni mi Směrnice 1999/5/EC.
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Italiano [Italian] Questo apparato é conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed agli altri principi sanciti dalla Direttiva 1999/5/CE. Latviski [Latvian] Šī iekārta atbilst Direktīvas 1999/5/EK būtiskajā prasībām un citiem ar to saistītajiem noteikumiem. Lietuvių [Lithuanian] Šis įrenginys tenkina 1995/5/EB Direktyvos esminius reikalavimus ir kitas šios direktyvos nuostatas. Nederlands [Dutch] Dit apparant voldoet aan de essentiele eisen en andere van toepassing zijnde bepalingen van de Richtlijn 1995/5/EC.
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Suomi [Finnish] Tämä laite täyttää direktiivin 1999/5//EY olennaiset vaatimukset ja on siinä asetettujen muiden laitetta koskevien määräysten mukainen. Svenska [Swedish] Denna utrustning är i överensstämmelse med de väsentliga kraven och andra relevanta bestämmelser i Direktiv 1999/5/EC.
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WEEE Compliance z Natural resources were used in the production of this equipment. z This equipment may contain hazardous substances that could impact the health of the environment. z In order to avoid harm to the environment and consumption of natural resources, we encourage you to use appropriate take-back systems when disposing of this equipment. z The appropriate take-back systems will reuse or recycle most of the materials of this equipment in a way that will not harm the environment.
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National Restrictions In the majority of the EU and other European countries, the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands have been made available for the use of Wireless LANs. The following table provides an overview of the regulatory requirements in general that are applicable for the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. Frequency Band (MHz) Max Power Level (EIRP) (mW) Indoor Outdoor 2400–2483.
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Greece A license from EETT is required for the outdoor operation in the 5470 MHz to 5725 MHz band. Xirrus recommends checking www.eett.gr for more details. Η δη ιουργβάικτ ωνεξωτερικο ρουστη ζ νησυ νοτ των 5470–5725 ΜΗz ε ιτρ ετάιωνο ετάά όάδειά της ΕΕΤΤ, ου ορηγεβτάι στερά ά ό σ φωνη γν η του ΓΕΕΘΑ. ερισσότερες λε τομ ρειεωστο www.eett.gr Italy This product meets the National Radio Interface and the requirements specified in the National Frequency Allocation Table for Italy.
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Antennas The Xirrus Wi-Fi Array employs integrated antennas that cannot be removed and which are not user accessible. Nevertheless, as regulatory limits are not the same throughout the EU, users may need to adjust the conducted power setting for the radio to meet the EIRP limits applicable in their country or region. Adjustments can be made from the product’s management interface—either Web Management Interface (WMI) or Command Line Interface (CLI).
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Safety Warnings ! Safety Warnings ! Explosive Device Proximity Warning ! Lightning Activity Warning ! Circuit Breaker Warning Read all user documentation before powering this device. All Xirrus interconnected equipment should be contained indoors. This product is not suitable for outdoor operation. Please verify the integrity of the system ground prior to installing Xirrus equipment. Additionally, verify that the ambient operating temperature does not exceed 50°C.
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Translated Safety Warnings Avertissements de Sécurité ! Sécurité ! Proximité d'appareils explosifs ! Foudre ! Disjoncteur Lisez l'ensemble de la documentation utilisateur avant de mettre cet appareil sous tension. Tous les équipements Xirrus interconnectés doivent être installés en intérieur. Ce produit n'est pas conçu pour être utilisé en extérieur. Veuillez vérifier l'intégrité de la terre du système avant d'installer des équipements Xirrus.
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Software Warranty and License Agreement THIS SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT (THE “AGREEMENT”) IS A LEGAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU (“CUSTOMER”) AND LICENSOR (AS DEFINED BELOW) AND GOVERNS THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE INSTALLED ON THE PRODUCT (AS DEFINED BELOW). IF YOU ARE AN EMPLOYEE OR AGENT OF CUSTOMER, YOU HEREBY REPRESENT AND WARRANT TO LICENSOR THAT YOU HAVE THE POWER AND AUTHORITY TO ACCEPT AND TO BIND CUSTOMER TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT (INCLUDING ANY THIRD PARTY TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN).
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2. Grant of Rights 2.1 Software. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Licensor hereby grants to Customer a perpetual, non-exclusive, nonsublicenseable, non-transferable right and license to use the Software solely as installed on the Product in accordance with the accompanying Documentation and for no other purpose. 2.2 Ownership. The license granted under Sections 2.
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2.4 Restrictions.
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3.2 DISCLAIMER. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY STATED IN THIS SECTION 3, ALL ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS, AND WARRANTIES, WHETHER IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, ACCURACY, AGAINST INFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE, ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED BY LICENSOR AND ITS SUPPLIERS.
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(b) DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL LICENSOR, ITS SUPPLIERS OR THEIR RELEVANT SUBCONTRACTORS BE LIABLE FOR (A) ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS OR LOST OR DAMAGED DATA, OR ANY INDIRECT DAMAGES, WHETHER ARISING IN CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE AND STRICT LIABILITY) OR OTHERWISE OR (B) ANY COSTS OR EXPENSES FOR THE PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES IN EACH CASE, EVEN IF LICENSOR OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 3.
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5. Term and Termination 5.1 Term. Subject to Section 5.2 below, this Agreement will take effect on the Effective Date and will remain in force until terminated in accordance with this Agreement. 5.2 Termination Events.
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6. Miscellaneous If Customer is a corporation, partnership or similar entity, then the license to the Software and Documentation that is granted under this Agreement is expressly conditioned upon and Customer represents and warrants to Licensor that the person accepting the terms of this Agreement is authorized to bind such entity to the terms and conditions herein.
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Hardware Warranty Agreement PLEASE READ THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THIS PRODUCT BY USING THIS PRODUCT, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ AND UNDERSTOOD ALL THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT AND THAT YOU ARE CONSENTING TO BE BOUND BY THIS AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, RETURN THE UNUSED PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF PURCHASE FOR A FULL REFUND. LIMITED WARRANTY.
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The foregoing limitations shall apply even if the above-stated warranty fails of its essential purpose. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES. The above warranty DOES NOT apply to any evaluation Equipment made available for testing or demonstration purposes. All such Equipment is provided AS IS without any warranty whatsoever.
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Wi-Fi Array Table of Contents All topics listed in this Table of Contents are clickable, which means you can instantly jump to any selected topic with a click of your mouse button.
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Wi-Fi Array Key Features and Benefits ..................................................................................... 13 High Capacity and High Performance ........................................................ 13 Extended Coverage ......................................................................................... 14 Flexible Coverage Schemes .................................................................... 14 Non-Overlapping Channels ........................................................
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Wi-Fi Array WDS Planning ................................................................................................. 46 Deployment Summary ................................................................................... 48 Installation Workflow ........................................................................................... 49 Unpacking the Wi-Fi Array .................................................................................. 50 Installing Your Wi-Fi Array .......................
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Wi-Fi Array Using the Serial Port ....................................................................................... 76 Using the Ethernet Ports ................................................................................ 76 Logging In ........................................................................................................ 76 Performing the Express Setup Procedure ........................................................... 77 Procedure for Performing an Express Setup ...............
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Wi-Fi Array Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) ........................................................................ 120 Noise Floor ..................................................................................................... 122 Statistics Windows ............................................................................................... 124 IAP Statistics Summary ................................................................................ 124 Per-IAP Statistics ...............................
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Wi-Fi Array Understanding SSIDs ............................................................................ 185 Understanding QoS Priority on the Wi-Fi Array .............................. 186 SSID Management ........................................................................................ 189 SSID List (top of page) .......................................................................... 189 SSID Limits .............................................................................................
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Wi-Fi Array CLI .......................................................................................................................... 246 Logout .................................................................................................................... 248 The Command Line Interface ...................................................... 249 Establishing a Secure Shell (SSH) Connection ................................................. 249 Getting Started with the CLI ..........................
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Wi-Fi Array run-tests .......................................................................................................... 280 security ........................................................................................................... 282 snmp ............................................................................................................... 283 ssh .................................................................................................................... 284 ssid .......
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Wi-Fi Array Serial ........................................................................................................ 323 Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 ......................................................................... 323 Fast Ethernet ........................................................................................... 324 Integrated Access Points (IAPs) .................................................................. 325 Server Settings .....................................................
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Wi-Fi Array x Table of Contents
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Wi-Fi Array List of Figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Figure 17. Figure 18. Figure 19. Figure 20. Figure 21. Figure 22. Figure 23. Figure 24. Figure 25. Figure 26. Figure 27. Figure 28. Figure 29. Figure 30. Figure 31. Figure 32. Figure 33. Figure 34. The Xirrus Management System .............................................................. 2 Wi-Fi Array (XN16) ....
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Wi-Fi Array Figure 35. Figure 36. Figure 37. Figure 38. Figure 39. Figure 40. Figure 41. Figure 42. Figure 43. Figure 44. Figure 45. Figure 46. Figure 47. Figure 48. Figure 49. Figure 50. Figure 51. Figure 52. Figure 53. Figure 54. Figure 55. Figure 56. Figure 57. Figure 58. Figure 59. Figure 60. Figure 61. Figure 62. Figure 63. Figure 64. Figure 65. Figure 66. Figure 67. Figure 68. Figure 69. Figure 70. Figure 71. xii Installing the Toggle Bolts.............................................................
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Wi-Fi Array Figure 72. Figure 73. Figure 74. Figure 75. Figure 76. Figure 77. Figure 78. Figure 79. Figure 80. Figure 81. Figure 82. Figure 83. Figure 84. Figure 85. Figure 86. Figure 87. Figure 88. Figure 89. Figure 90. Figure 91. Figure 92. Figure 93. Figure 94. Figure 95. Figure 96. Figure 97. Figure 98. Figure 99. Figure 100. Figure 101. Figure 102. Figure 103. Figure 104. Figure 105. Figure 106. Figure 107. Figure 108. Station RSSI Values ...............................................................
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Wi-Fi Array Figure 109. Figure 110. Figure 111. Figure 112. Figure 113. Figure 114. Figure 115. Figure 116. Figure 117. Figure 118. Figure 119. Figure 120. Figure 121. Figure 122. Figure 123. Figure 124. Figure 125. Figure 126. Figure 127. Figure 128. Figure 129. Figure 130. Figure 131. Figure 132. Figure 133. Figure 134. Figure 135. Figure 136. Figure 137. Figure 138. Figure 139. Figure 140. Figure 141. Figure 142. Figure 143. Figure 144. Figure 145. xiv Global Settings (Security) ........................
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Wi-Fi Array Figure 146. Figure 147. Figure 148. Figure 149. Figure 150. Figure 151. Figure 152. Figure 153. Figure 154. Figure 155. Figure 156. Figure 157. Figure 158. Figure 159. Figure 160. Figure 161. Figure 162. Figure 163. Figure 164. Figure 165. Figure 166. Disabling Global IAPs............................................................................ 296 Enabling a Specific IAP.......................................................................... 297 Disabling a Specific IAP...................
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Wi-Fi Array xvi List of Figures
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Wi-Fi Array Introduction These topics introduce the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array, including an overview of its key features and benefits, and a detailed listing of the product’s physical, environmental, technology and regulatory specifications. z “The Xirrus Family of Products” on page 1. z “About this User’s Guide” on page 3. z “Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array?” on page 6. z “Wi-Fi Array Product Overview” on page 7. z “Key Features and Benefits” on page 13.
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Wi-Fi Array Figure 1. The Xirrus Management System If you need detailed information about this product, refer to the XMS User’s Guide, part number 800-0007-001. z 2 Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) The PoGE modules eliminate the need for running separate power cabling. Additionally, an eight port module provides distributed power to multiple Arrays, facilitating backup power when connected via a UPS.
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Wi-Fi Array Nomenclature Throughout this User’s Guide, the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array is also referred to as simply the Array. In some instances, the terms product and unit are also used. When discussing specific products from the Xirrus family, the product name is used (for example, XN16, XN8, XN4). The Wi-Fi Array’s operating system is referred to as the ArrayOS. The Web Management Interface for browser-based management of the Array is referred to as WMI. The Xirrus Management System is referred to as XMS.
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Wi-Fi Array applied, and provides a list of restricted characters. It also includes instructions for logging in to the Array with your Web browser. 4 z Viewing Status on the Wi-Fi Array Describes the status and statistics displays available on the Array using its embedded Web Management Interface. z Configuring the Wi-Fi Array Contains procedures for configuring the Array using its embedded Web Management Interface.
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Wi-Fi Array z Index The index is a valuable information search tool. Use the index to locate specific topics discussed in this User’s Guide. Simply click on any page number in the index to jump to the referenced topic. Notes and Cautions The following symbols are used throughout this User’s Guide: # ! This symbol is used for general notes that provide useful supplemental information. This symbol is used for cautions.
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Wi-Fi Array the term Window when referring to how the Wi-Fi Array’s Web Management Interface is displayed on your monitor. Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array? The deployment of wireless LANs is becoming increasingly common as businesses strive for greater flexibility in the workplace and the need for employee mobility rises. The only requirements for an effective wireless deployment are a power source, a couple of screws, and a little imagination.
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Wi-Fi Array See Also Key Features and Benefits Wi-Fi Array Product Overview Product Specifications (XN4) Product Specifications (XN16 and XN8) The Xirrus Family of Products Wi-Fi Array Product Overview Part of the family of Xirrus products, the Wi-Fi Array is a high capacity, multimode device designed for the Enterprise market, with twice the range and up to sixteen times the capacity of competitive wireless products. Figure 2.
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Wi-Fi Array The latest and most effective wireless encryption security standards, including WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2 with 802.11i AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) are provided with the Wi-Fi Array. In addition, the use of an embedded RADIUS server (or 802.1x with an external RADIUS server) ensures user authentication—multiple Arrays can authenticate to the optional XMS, ensuring only authorized Arrays become part of the wireless network.
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Wi-Fi Array Product Specifications (XN4) Product Specifications (XN16 and XN8) Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional) Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array? Deployment Flexibility Xirrus’ unique multi-radio architecture generates 360 degrees of sectored highgain 802.11a/b/g/n coverage that provides extended range and the highest possible data rates for a large volume of clients.
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Wi-Fi Array configuration may also be used in those cases where you want to restrict wireless coverage to selected areas of the building’s interior. See also, “Flexible Coverage Schemes” on page 14. Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional) The Xirrus XP1 and XP8 Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules provide power to your Arrays over the same Cat 5e or Cat 6 cable used for data, eliminating the need to run power cables and provide an AC power outlet in close proximity to each unit. Figure 4.
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Wi-Fi Array Product Specifications (XN16 and XN8) The Xirrus Family of Products Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array? Enterprise Class Management The Wi-Fi Array can be configured with its default RF settings, or the RF settings can be customized using the Array’s embedded Web Management Interface (WMI). The WMI enables easy configuration and control from a graphical console, along with a full compliment of troubleshooting tools and statistics. Figure 5.
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Wi-Fi Array In addition, a fully featured Command Line Interface (CLI) offers IT professionals a familiar management and control environment. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is also supported to allow management from an SNMP compliant management tool, such as the optional Xirrus Management System. # For deployments of more than five Arrays, we recommend that you use the Xirrus Management System (XMS). The XMS offers a rich set of features for fine control over large deployments.
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Wi-Fi Array Key Features and Benefits This section describes some of the key product features and the benefits you can expect when deploying the Wi-Fi Array (the XN16 product is highlighted in this section). High Capacity and High Performance The XN16 version of the Wi-Fi Array easily handles time-sensitive traffic, such as voice, and can enable wireless connectivity for 1,024 users. The unit includes two Gigabit uplink ports for connection to the wired network.
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Wi-Fi Array Extended Coverage One XN16 solution enables you to replace up to sixteen access points (includes one omnidirectional IAP for monitoring the network). Fifteen IAP radios with integrated directional antennas provide increased wireless range and enhanced data rates in all directions. With a Wi-Fi Array deployed, far fewer access points are needed and wired-like resiliency is delivered throughout your wireless network.
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Wi-Fi Array Non-Overlapping Channels Complete use of non-overlapping channels limits interference and delivers maximum capacity. On the XN16, up to 16 non-overlapping channels are fully utilized across the 5GHz and 2.4GHz spectrums (up to 12 across the 5GHz spectrum plus up to 3 across the 2.4 GHz spectrum—typically, one additional radio is used as a dedicated RF monitor). Secure Wireless Access Multiple layers of authentication and encryption ensure secure data transmissions. The Wi-Fi Array is 802.
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Wi-Fi Array See Also Wi-Fi Array Product Overview Product Specifications (XN4)) Product Specifications (XN16 and XN8) Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional) The Xirrus Family of Products Why Choose the Xirrus Wi-Fi Array? Product Specifications (XN16 and XN8) Element Specifications Number of Users Maximum of 64 associated users per radio 1024 users per Array (XN16) 512 users per Array (XN8) Physical Diameter: 18.65 inches (47.37 cm) Height: 3.87 inches (9.83 cm) Weight: 8lbs (3.
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Wi-Fi Array Element Specifications Electrical XN16/XN8: Each Array supports both AC and PoGE AC Input Power: 90-265VAC at 47-63Hz PoGE Input Power: Power over Gigabit Ethernet—no splitter required, 48VDC Interfaces Serial: 1 x RS232 – RJ45 connector Ethernet Interfaces: 2 x Gigabit 100/1000 Mbps w/failover 1 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 Mbps Status LEDs: System status, Ethernet, Radio Management Web-based HTTPS SNMP v2 CLI via SSHv2 or Telnet FTP TFTP Serial Xirrus Management System (XMS) Syslog reporting
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Wi-Fi Array Element Performance Specifications Client Load Balancing Automatic load balancing between system radios Quality of Service: 802.
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Wi-Fi Array Element Wireless Specifications Number of Radios: XN16: 12 x 802.11a/n radios 4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radios Only 12 radios should be used as 802.11a/n radios concurrently. XN8: 4 x 802.11a/n radios 4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radios Wireless Standards: 802.11a/b/g /n and g-only mode 802.11e, 802.11i Channel Selection: Manual and Automatic Frequency Bands: 11a: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band) 11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1) 11a: 5.725-5825 GHz (UNII 3) 11b/g: 2.412-2.
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Wi-Fi Array Element Specifications Antennas (XN8): 24 x internal 6 dBi 60° 802.11a sectorized 12 x internal 3 dBi 180° 802.11b/g sectorized 1 x internal 2 dBi 360° omni-directional (for RF monitoring) 3 x external RP-TNC connectors for three 802.11a/b/g/n radios Radio Approvals: FCC (United States) Compliance FCC Part 15.
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Wi-Fi Array Product Specifications (XN4) Element Specifications Number of Users Maximum of 64 associated users per radio (256 users per Array) Physical Diameter: 12.58 inches (31.95 cm) Height: 2.58 inches (6.55 cm) Weight: 4lbs (1.
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Wi-Fi Array Element Specifications Management Web-based HTTPS SNMP v2 CLI via SSHv2 or Telnet FTP TFTP Serial Xirrus Management System (XMS) Syslog reporting for alerts/alarms Networking DHCP client, DHCP server, NTP client, NAT VLAN Support 802.1Q, 802.
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Wi-Fi Array Element Security Specifications Wireless Security: WEP 40bit/128bit encryption WPA and WPA2 with TKIP and AES encryption Rogue AP detection, with alerts and classification User and System Authentication: WPA Pre-Shared Key authentication Internal RADIUS Server, supports EAP-PEAP only 802.1x EAP-TLS 802.1x EAP-TTLS/MSCHAPv2 802.1x PEAPv0/EAP-MSCHAPv2 802.1x PEAPv1/EAP-GTC 802.1x EAP-SIM 802.
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Wi-Fi Array Element Wireless Specifications Number of Radios: 4 x 802.11a/b/g/n radios Wireless Standards: 802.11a/b/g/n and g-only mode 802.11e, 802.11i Channel Selection: Manual and Automatic Frequency Bands: 11a: 4.945 – 4.985 (restricted Public Safety band) 11a: 5.15-5.25 GHz (UNII 1) 11a: 5.725-5825 GHz (UNII 3) 11b/g: 2.412-2.462 GHz (FCC) Antennas: 12 x internal 6 dBi 60° 802.11a sectorized 12 x internal 3 dBi 180° 802.
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Wi-Fi Array Introduction 25
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Wi-Fi Array 26 Introduction
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Wi-Fi Array Installing the Wi-Fi Array The instructions for completing a successful installation include the following topics: z “Installation Prerequisites” on page 27. z “Planning Your Installation” on page 30. z “Installation Workflow” on page 49. z “Unpacking the Wi-Fi Array” on page 50. z “Installing Your Wi-Fi Array” on page 52. z “Powering Up the Wi-Fi Array” on page 73. z “Establishing Communication with the Array” on page 76. z “Performing the Express Setup Procedure” on page 77.
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Wi-Fi Array ! The Gigabit1 Ethernet interface is the primary port for both data and management traffic. If a single Ethernet connection is used, it must be connected to the Gigabit1 Ethernet interface. See also, “Port Failover Protection” on page 40. The 10/100 Ethernet Port may be used for managing the Array out of band from the Gigabit Ethernet ports. The 10/100 port will route only management traffic, using a static route that may be configured for this interface. See “interface” on page 273.
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Wi-Fi Array Optional Network Components The following network components are optional. z Xirrus Management System (XMS) The optional XMS offers powerful management features for small or large Wi-Fi Array deployments. z Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) The optional Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) modules allow you to provide power the Array without running power cables.
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Wi-Fi Array Planning Your Installation This section provides guidelines and examples to help you plan your Xirrus Wi-Fi Array deployment to achieve the best overall coverage and performance. We recommend you conduct a site survey to determine the best location and settings for each Array you install. General Deployment Considerations The Wi-Fi Array’s unique multi-radio architecture generates 360 degrees of sectored high-gain 802.11a/b/g/n coverage that provides extended range.
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Wi-Fi Array 3. Try to position wireless client devices so that the signal passes through drywall (between studs) or open doorways and not other materials that can adversely affect the wireless signal.
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Wi-Fi Array Coverage and Capacity Planning This section considers coverage and capacity for your deployment(s), including placement options, RF patterns and cell sizes, area calculations, roaming considerations, and channel allocations. Placement Use the following guidelines when considering placement options: 1. The best placement option for the Array is ceiling-mounted within an open plan environment (cubicles rather than fixed walls). 2.
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Wi-Fi Array RF Patterns The Wi-Fi Array allows you to control—automatically or manually—the pattern of wireless coverage that best suits your deployment needs. You can choose to operate with full coverage, half coverage, or custom coverage (by enabling or disabling individual sectors). Full (Normal) Coverage In normal operation, the Array provides a full 360 degrees of coverage. Figure 10.
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Wi-Fi Array Custom Coverage Where there are highly reflective objects in close proximity to the Array, you can turn off specific radios to avoid interference and feedback. reflective object Figure 12. Custom Coverage Capacity and Cell Sizes Connection Rate (Mbps) Cell sizes should be estimated based on the number of users, the applications being used (for example, data/video/voice), and the number of Arrays available at the location.
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Wi-Fi Array Figure 13 shows some sample maximum connection rates for the XN8 and XN16 at different distances in an unobstructed area. Wireless environments can vary greatly so the actual rates may be different depending on the specific network deployment. # The XN4 has a smaller range than the larger Arrays. The distance is about 80% of the values shown in Figure 13 above. Thus the maximum cell size is about 64% of the coverage area in the chart.
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Wi-Fi Array boundary (cell size) the trailing edge bleed of RF energy. To enable the Sharp Cell feature, go to “Global Settings (IAP)” on page 209. Roaming Considerations Cells should overlap approximately 10 - 15% to accommodate client roaming. ROAMING 10 - 15% overlap Figure 15. Overlapping Cells Allocating Channels Because the Wi-Fi Array is a multi-channel device, allocating the best channels to radios is important if peak performance is to be maintained.
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Wi-Fi Array Manual Channel Selection You can manually assign channels on a per radio basis, though manual selection is not recommended (and not necessary). # To avoid co-channel interference, do not select adjacent channels for radios that are physically next to each other. Maintain channel separation Figure 16.
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Wi-Fi Array Deployment Examples The following examples employ 802.11a cells, each offering minimum throughputs of 54 Mbps, 36 Mbps, and 18 Mbps per sector respectively, and assume a floor plan covering a total area of about 60,000 square feet (5574 sq m). Figure 17. Deployment Scenario (54 Mbps)—Per Sector Figure 18.
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Wi-Fi Array Figure 19.
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Wi-Fi Array Failover Planning This section discusses failover protection at the unit and port levels. Port Failover Protection To ensure that service is continued in the event of a port failure, you can utilize the Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 ports simultaneously. Multiple port connections Ethernet switch Figure 20. Port Failover Protection In addition, the Array has full failover protection between the Gigabit 1 and Gigabit 2 Ethernet ports (see following table).
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Wi-Fi Array Switch Failover Protection To ensure that service is continued in the event of a switch failure, you can connect Arrays to more than one Ethernet switch (not a hub). Ethernet connections Backup switch Ethernet switch Figure 21. Switch Failover Protection # Gigabit Ethernet connections must be on the same subnet.
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Wi-Fi Array Power Planning The XN8 and XN16 Array models and all four-port Arrays support both AC power and Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE). This section discusses the AC and PoGE power options. AC Power The AC power option requires a direct connection between the Array and a dedicated AC power outlet. The power cord is provided with the unit. Power over Gigabit Ethernet To deliver power to the Array, you may use the optional XP1 or XP8 Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) modules.
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Wi-Fi Array z WEP-40bit or WEP-128bit Because WEP is vulnerable to cracks, we recommend that you only use this for legacy devices that cannot support a stronger encryption type. z Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) This is much more secure than WEP and uses TKIP for encryption. z Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA2) with AES This is government-grade encryption—available on most new client adapters—and uses the AES–CCM encryption mode (Advanced Encryption Standard–Counter Mode).
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Wi-Fi Array See Also Failover Planning Network Management Planning Power Planning 44 Installing the Wi-Fi Array
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Wi-Fi Array Network Management Planning Network management can be performed using any of the following methods: z Command Line Interface, using an SSH (Secure Shell) utility, like PuTTY. z Web-based management, using the Array’s embedded Web Management Interface (WMI). This method provides configuration and basic monitoring tools, and is good for small deployments (one or two units).
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Wi-Fi Array WDS Planning WDS (Wireless Distribution System) creates wireless backhauls between arrays, allowing your wireless network to be expanded using multiple Arrays without the need for a wired backbone to link them (see Figure 22). WDS features include: z One to three IAPs may be used to form a WDS link, yielding up to 162 Mbps bandwidth per link. Up to 4 WDS links may be defined per Array.
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Wi-Fi Array z Multiple WDS links can provide link redundancy (failover capability - see Figure 24). A network protocol (Spanning Tree Protocol—STP) prevents Arrays from forming network loops. Figure 24. WDS Failover Protection WDS links have a Host/Client relationship similar to the usual IAP/station pattern for Arrays: z A WDS Client Link associates/authenticates to a host (target) Array in the same way that a station associates to an IAP.
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Wi-Fi Array Deployment Summary The following table summarizes your deployment options. Number of Wi-Fi Arrays Function One or Two Three or More AC AC Power over Gigabit Ethernet Power over Gigabit Ethernet UPS backup (recommended) Failover Recommended Highly recommended VLANs Optional Optional use, Power Can be used to put all APs on one VLAN or map to existing VLAN scheme Encryption Authentication WPA2 with AES (recommended) WPA2 with AES (recommended) PSK or 802.1x 802.
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Wi-Fi Array Installation Workflow This workflow illustrates the steps that are required to install and configure your Wi-Fi Array successfully. Review this flowchart before attempting to install the unit on a customer’s network.
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Wi-Fi Array See Also Coverage and Capacity Planning Deployment Examples Deployment Summary Failover Planning Installation Prerequisites Planning Your Installation Power Planning Wi-Fi Array Product Overview Product Specifications (XN16 and XN8) Product Specifications (XN4) Security Planning Unpacking the Wi-Fi Array When you unpack your Wi-Fi Array, you will find the following items in the carton: Item 50 Quantity Xirrus Wi-Fi Array 1 AC power cord 1 Console cable 1 Mounting plate 1 Mounting sc
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Wi-Fi Array Item Quantity CD-ROM containing: This User’s Guide in PDF format End User License Agreement (EULA) README file 1 Quick Install Guide 1 Registration Card 1 See Also Installation Prerequisites Installation Workflow Installing the Wi-Fi Array 51
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Wi-Fi Array Installing Your Wi-Fi Array This section provides instructions for completing a physical installation of your Xirrus Wi-Fi Array. Choosing a Location Based on coverage, capacity and deployment examples previously discussed, choose a location for the Array that will provide the best results for your needs. The Wi-Fi Array was designed to be mounted on a ceiling where the unit is unobtrusive and wireless transmissions can travel unimpeded throughout open plan areas.
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Wi-Fi Array Wiring Considerations Unless you are using the Xirrus Power over Gigabit Ethernet modules (PoGE) with an Array that supports PoGE, an AC power outlet must be available to the Array. If you are using PoGE to distribute power, see “Power over Gigabit Ethernet (PoGE) (Optional)” on page 10.
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Wi-Fi Array ! ! The Array’s Ethernet ports should be plugged into an Ethernet switch, not an Ethernet hub—if a hub is used, we recommend that you connect only one Ethernet port. The Gigabit1 Ethernet interface is the primary port for both data and management traffic. If a single Ethernet connection is used, it must be connected to the Gigabit1 Ethernet interface. See also, “Port Failover Protection” on page 40.
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Wi-Fi Array Attaching the T-Bar Clips to the Template The T-bar clips are used to create four mounting points on the ceiling tile grid for the Array mounting plate. Use the mounting template (provided) to find the correct location for all four clamps by pre-loading the 4 T-bar clips through the holes in the mounting template. Twist the clips until they are correctly aligned with the markings on the template. Figure 27.
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Wi-Fi Array Disengage the template from the screw posts (4 places) and remove the template from the ceiling. Ceiling tile grid Template T-bar clips (4 places) Tighten the screw post Figure 28.
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Wi-Fi Array Installing the Mounting Plate Locate the mounting plate on the four screw posts. Secure the plate to the four clamps using the nuts provided. Tighten the nuts to 10-12 lbf.ft (1.38-1.66 kgf.m), but do not overtighten. Cut an access hole for the cables in the ceiling tile. Tile grid Mounting Plate Figure 29.
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Wi-Fi Array Connecting the Cables Feed the power and Ethernet cables through the access hole in the tile and the mounting plate, then connect the cables to the unit. See also, “Wiring Considerations” on page 53. Figure 30. Connecting the Cables When the cables are connected, turn on the power switch—before attaching the unit to the mounting plate (next step). Verify that the Ethernet link LED lights and the LED boot sequence begins.
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Wi-Fi Array Attaching the Array to the Mounting Plate (XN16/XN8/XN4) Align the Array with the key post on the mounting plate, then turn the Array to the right to lock the unit into place at the 4 lugs—similar to a smoke detector. Key post Lug Alignment hole Figure 31.
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Wi-Fi Array Securing the Array For added security, there is a locking bracket incorporated into the mounting plate, which will accept a small luggage-style padlock (if desired). There is also a Kensington lock slot located near the Ethernet ports. In addition, the mounting plate incorporates a positive locking tab that prevents the unit from being inadvertently released. Locking bracket Figure 32.
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Wi-Fi Array Dismounting the Array To dismount the Array, place your fingers so as to increase the space between the Array and the mounting plate at the positions indicated by the decals on the mounting plate—these are aligned with IAPs (radios) abg1 and abg3, as indicated on the clock-face of the Array. a12 a11 a1 abg4 abg1 a10 a2 a3 a9 a8 a4 abg2 abg3 a7 a5 a6 Figure 33.
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Wi-Fi Array Mounting the Array on a Wall (XN16/XN8) This procedure is applicable to the Wi-Fi Array’s 16-radio models (XN16) and 8radio models (XN8). If you are mounting a 4 radio model, go to “Mounting the Wi-Fi Array on a Wall (XN4)” on page 67. The wall mounting assembly kit is used to mount the Wi-Fi Array (16-radio or 8-radio models) on a wall, instead of the traditional ceiling mount—if mounting the Array on the ceiling is impractical at your location.
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Wi-Fi Array Mark the Wall Position 1. Use the Wall Mounting Bracket as a template and mark the locations on the wall for the mounting holes. Mark holes (5 places) Figure 34. Wall Mount—Marking the Holes When marking the holes, ensure that the mounting plate is level—you may need assistance. # The bracket must be secured to the wall in 5 places, using the 2 holes at the top and the 3 holes at the bottom (5 toggle bolts are provided).