TYPE OF EXHIBIT: FCC PART: USERS MANUAL 2.1033(c)(3) MANUFACTURER: RITRON, Inc.
Pub.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SPECIFICATIONS 1.1. GENERAL 1.2. RECEIVER 1.3. TRANSMITTER 2. INTRODUCTION 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. GENERAL INSPECTION MODEL IDENTIFICATION FCC REGULATIONS RF SAFETY ISSUES 3. INSTALLATION 4. OPERATION 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 5. PROGRAMMING 5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. 5.5. 6. DUPLEXER PRELIMINARY RECEIVER TRANSMITTER REGULATOR SUPPLY OPTIONS ALIGNMENT POINTS THEORY OF OPERATION 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. 7.4. 7.5. 7.6. 8.
8.2. CONTROLS AND ADJUSTMENTS SUMMARY 8.3. SCHEMATICS 8.4.
1. SPECIFICATIONS 1.1 GENERAL Frequency Range FCC ID RX/TX Separation: Operational Bandwidth Duplexer Receiver and Transmitter Synthesizer Step Size Channels Power Requirements 2 watt maximum output 5 watt maximum output Tone/Code signaling Carrier Dropout Timer Squelch Tail Timer TX Timeout Timer Front Panel Connector RF Connector Front Panel Indicators Antenna Impedance Dimensions Weight Operating Temperature Range 450-470 MHz 5 MHz 50 kHz 5 MHz 12.
2. INTRODUCTION 2.1 GENERAL The RITRON RLR-460 Repeater is a synthesized table-top UHF repeater that operates in the 450 to 470 MHz FM communications band. Its maximum output power level is either 2 watts or 5 watts, depending upon the type of power supply which is available to power the unit. The unit receives signals originating at handheld, mobile, or fixed stations on one frequency and simultaneously retransmits the signals on a second frequency. This type of operation is described as full duplex.
In addition: • DO NOT OPERATE THIS EQUIPMENT unless all RF connectors are secure and any open connectors are properly terminated. • GROUND ALL RADIO EQUIPMENT. • ALLOW ONLY QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL to service this product. • DO NOT ALLOW THIS EQUIPMENT to be set to power levels above its design limit or the licensed maximum.
4. OPERATION 4.1 GENERAL Test the Repeater for proper operation as the unit is received before attempting to reprogram and/or retune it. There is no On/Off switch on the unit; it is powered up when a power supply is connected. Standard factory programming is a receive frequency of 469.500 MHz and a transmit frequency of 464.500 MHz. Retune the internal duplexer if either the receive or transmit frequency are to be changed by more than 50 kHz.
4.3 INDICATORS There are two LED indicators, one green and one red, on the front panel. Their operation is detailed below: Indicator Function Status Green Power-On Off-Unit not powered-up Blinking-Receiver Synthesizer Out-of-Lock Steady On-Normal Operation Red Transmit Off-Unit not transmitting Blinking-Transmitter Synthesizer Out-of-Lock Steady On-Unit Transmitting Note: If the receiver is out-of-lock (Green LED blinking), the unit will NOT transmit.
will transmit. This input is also coupled to the transmitter audio circuitry. When an electret microphone is connected to this input it is powered by the PTT circuitry and the audio from the microphone is transmitted. 4 MON When taken to 1 volt or lower, this input over-rides the squelch muting and allows audio to be present at the AUDIO OUT pin (see below) even when no signal is present. 5 AUDIO OUT The output of the audio power amplifier.
5. PROGRAMMING The RLR-460 Repeater may be programmed with a transmit frequency, receive frequency, QC code, DQC code, and a variety of other features. Some of these other features are: Transmit time-out timer This feature determines how long the unit may transmit continuously before the transmitter automatically shuts off. Tone signaling turn-off time This is the time (in addition to “hang-time” with tone) that no tone is transmitted after the Repeater ceases to detect an incoming carrier.
5.3 PROGRAMMING THE REPEATER 1. Remove power from the Repeater. 2. Insert the programming cable into the RJ-12 jack on the front of the Repeater. 3. Start the programming software and follow the on-screen instructions. 4. Insert “R” on the main software screen to return to normal operating mode.
5.4 QUIET-CALL CODES AND FREQUENCIES QC Code Tone Code Freq. (Hz) QC Code Tone Code Freq. (Hz) QC Code Tone Code Freq. (Hz) 01 02 03 XZ XA WA 67.0 71.9 74.4 18 19 20 3Z 3A 3B 123.0 127.3 131.8 35 36 37 M4 ----- 225.7 233.6 241.8 04 05 06 XB SP YZ 77.0 79.7 82.5 21 22 23 4Z 4A 4B 136.5 141.3 146.2 38 39 40 ------- 250.3 69.4 159.8 07 08 09 YA YB ZZ 85.4 88.5 91.5 24 25 26 5Z 5A 5B 151.4 156.7 162.2 41 42 43 ------- 165.5 171.3 177.3 10 11 12 ZA ZB 1Z 94.8 97.4 100.
6. ALIGNMENT 6.1 DUPLEXER The duplexer allows the Repeater to simultaneously transmit and receive. To accomplish this, in the receive input path, the transmitter signal must be notched or suppressed by 70 dB or more. In addition, on the transmit path, transmitter noise on the receive frequency must be also suppressed by about 70 dB. The duplexer contains four cavities, two for each path to achieve the necessary notch depth.
6.3 RECEIVER 1. Apply power to the Repeater. The green front panel LED should be illuminated, but may be blinking. 2. Connect the MON input (modular jack pin 4) to ground (modular jack pin 1). This will override the squelch operation and also inhibit the transmitter. 6.3.1 Local Oscillator Trim 1. Connect a test probe from a frequency counter or frequency measuring device to test point TP103. The receiver 1st local oscillator signal at approximately –12 dBm is present at this point.
to zero. Then, slowly adjust R312 clockwise to the point where the TP104 voltage again goes to 5 volts. 6.3.5 Audio Output Level 1. Increase the RF signal generator output level to 7 uV (-90 dBm). The SINAD reading should be close to 20 dB or so. Connect an oscilloscope to the AUDIO OUT (pin 5) on the modular jack. The SINAD meter is already connected to this point. 2. Adjust R330 (SPEAKER AUDIO LEVEL) for the desired output level. 6.4 TRANSMITTER 1. Apply power to the Repeater. 2.
2. Set R347 (TONE DEVIATION) to the full counterclockwise position. 3. To RF output should be routed to an FM demodulator and the demodulated output made viable on an oscilloscope. The filtering on the demodulator should be 15 kHz or higher on the lowpass filter and below 50 Hz on the highpass filter. 4. While observing the oscilloscope, key the transmitter. Increase the audio generator level until the 500 Hz sinewave becomes viable on the oscilloscope.
When the Repeater is used with an unregulated power supply, wide fluctuations in voltage and large AC ripple content are common. Both must be removed for proper operation. This is effected by the internal voltage regulator. The internal regulator does, however, generate heat which limits the maximum current which can be passed through the regulator and to the transmitter power amplifier. This in turn limits the maximum output power to 2 watts even if the power supply is capable of the required current.
7. THEORY OF OPERATION 7.1 DUPLEXER The duplexer allows for simultaneous transmission and reception of RF signals. There is a receive path and a transmit path which connect to the RF input and output of the main PCB and a common point at the antenna connector. In the receive path is a two-cavity notch filter. This filter allows the receive signal from the antenna connector to pass through with about 1.
U101 also provides for squelch operation. The presence of a carrier is sensed by noting that ultrasonic noise on the demodulated output decreases when a carrier is present. An amplifier between pins 7 and 8 of U101 and associated external parts form an audio bandpass filter at 3.5 kHz. The output of this filter is internally rectified and exits at pin 14. This signal pass through a temperature compensation network formed around both halves of Q120.
7.4 AUDIO 7.4.1 Receiver Discriminator audio from U101 passes to U301-A where it is buffered and then sent to the tone signaling filter and the voice highpass filter. U302, a 5-pole switched capacitor low-pass filter is used to remove voice and other components from the discriminator audio and leave only signaling tones. The output passes to comparator U300-A where it is converted to square waves for the microcontroller.
8.0 MAINTENANCE AIDS 8.1 MICROCONTROLLER PIN-OUTS The pin-outs and description for U308, the microprocessor follow. Note that a logic low (0) is a voltage below 0.5 volts while a logic high (1) is a voltage above 3.5 volts. Pin 1 RESET Active low pin used to place the microcontroller in the reset state. This pin is driven by U307, a commercial microprocessor supervisory IC which is designed to go low after power supply voltage glitches and power-up. Normal state for this pin is logic high.
This input is the square wave from the receive tone filter and comparator, U300-A. This waveform would normally be a square wave version of a received QC or DQC tone/signal. Pin 11 SPKR EN This output enables the audio gate which drives the audio PA for speaker audio. It is active low when speaker audio is to be present. Pin 12 REPEAT AUDIO EN This output enables the audio gate which routes receive voice audio to the transmit audio chain. It is active low when audio is to be routed to the transmitter.
This output enables the transmitter synthesizer IC, U103 to receive data from the microprocessor. This pin will change states when the transmitter synthesizer is to be loaded. This would occur just before the Repeater is to transmit. Pin 26 RX SYN EN This output enables the receiver synthesizer IC, U102 to receive data from the microprocessor. This pin will change states when the receive synthesizer is to be loaded. This would occur just after microprocessor reset.
8.2 CONTROLS AND ADJUSTMENTS SUMMARY Below is a summary of the controls and adjustments on the Repeater. Most, if not all, are covered in the alignment section, but are included here for reference. L100-L104 These are the adjustable front-end bandpass filter inductors. Since the front-end has a bandwidth of about 7-8 MHz, these should be re-adjusted when the receive frequency is moved by 1 MHz or more. Turning the slugs clockwise tunes the filter higher in frequency.
This potentiometer sets the balance between the transmit audio signal sent to the transmit reference oscillator and the signal sent to the VCO. This is required to achieve a flat transmit audio frequency response. This adjustment tends to need re-adjustment if the transmit frequency is changed by 5 MHz or more. There are no stops on this potentiometer and one must avoid the dead band between the maximum and minimum points on the rotation.
