Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting This chapter describes the WinLink 1000 diagnostic functions, which include: • Get Link Information • Monitoring Performance • Error detection and alarms including Link Compatibility • Diagnostic tests (local and remote loopbacks on E1 or T1 link) • Troubleshooting • Frequently asked questions. 5.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Figure 5-1. Get Link Information 5.2 Monitoring Performance WinLink 1000 constantly monitors traffic over the radio link and collects the following statistics data: • Site 1/Site 2 received traffic rate (in Mbps) • Site 1/Site 2 received frames rate (in Mbps) • Radio signal strength (in dBm) • Error (Blocks). The statistics (monitor) log and event log can be saved as TXT files.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 4. Click the check box to open the file for saving. 5. Click the button and in the Select File dialog box indicate in which folder and under what name the alarm log file is to be saved. 6. Set the time interval for adding data to the file. 7. Click OK to save the file Figure 5-2.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual 4. Select the desired color. 5. Repeat for all the trap types. Æ To set the trap background color: • Æ Click Background Color to change the text background. To reset the trap colors: • Click Reset Settings to return to the default color settings. Saving the Events Log Æ To save the event log: 1. From the Tools menu, choose Preferences. The Preferences dialog box appears (see Figure 5-3). 2.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Figure 5-3.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual 5.3 Viewing Performance Reports The Performance Monitor Report displays performance views of each of the interfaces1 (see Figure 5-4). Several performance data are collected for each of the interfaces (ES, SES, and UAS), as well as Specific data per Interface type (e.g., TX and RX bytes for Ethernet). For the Air Interface, user defined thresholds data are collected. Refer to Table 5-1 and Table 5-2.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting during the installation. A value of -5dB from the current RSS is recommended as a threshold. Figure 5-4.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Table 5-1. Explanation of performance data Data type Reported value Explanation Generic PM Data UAS – Unavailable Seconds in which the Seconds ES – Error Second interface was out of service. The number of seconds in which there was at least an error block. Note that notation of an error block is different per interface.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Data type Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Reported value Explanation Min TSL The minimum of the transmit signal level (measured in dBm). RSL Threshold 1 This parameter counts the number of seconds in which the RSL is below the specified threshold. RSL Threshold 2 This parameter counts the number of seconds in which the RSL is below the specified threshold.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Data type WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Reported value Explanation Transmitted Bytes The number of Mega bytes received in the specified port within the interval. Table 5-2. Action of the tool bar button commands Button Action Get Data Uploads the selected report from the ODU. Save Saves the data in a CSV or Text format for additional analysis. Clear Removes the current data from the window.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Note Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting To store the Event Log, first define the IP address, subnet mask, default gateway and trap address of the management PC, see Chapter 4 for details. Alarms (traps) are displayed in the Event Log in the lower panel of the Main Menu screen. The event log may be saved as a TXT file.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Table 5-3.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Æ Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting To view summary of saved alarms • From the Tools menu, choose Active Alarm Summary. The Active Alarms Summary window opens. See Table 5-4; for an explanation of the command buttons. Figure 5-6. Active Alarms Summary Table 5-4. Active Alarms command buttons Command Action Save Saves the alarms in CSV or text format for further analysis.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Close WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Closes the active alarm window. 5.5 Remote Power Fail Indication Remote power fail indication indicates to one side that the other side has had a power failure. The failed site sends a final trap indication about the power loss just before powering off.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual State Color fullCompatibility Active Green restrictedCompatibility Active - Desc.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual A loopback is deactivated and the corresponding status arrow in the Main menu becomes dimmed. Figure 5-7. Loopbacks Dialog Box Local External Loopback Local WinLink 1000 can be set to an external loopback to test the local E1/T1 port and its connection to the local side user equipment. In this mode, data coming from the local user equipment is looped back to it (see Figure 5-8).
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting coming from the local WinLink 1000 is looped back to it (see Figure 5- 9). This loopback is initiated from a management station connected to the local unit. E1/T1 Interface E1/T1 Interface Testing Equipment Remote ODU Local ODU Management Station Figure 5-9.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual E1/T1 Interface E1/T1 Interface Inband Loopback Activation Command Testing Equipment Remote ODU Local ODU Management Station Figure 5-11. Local Internal Loopback 5.8 Troubleshooting Use Table 5-7 and Table 5-7 to diagnose any faults in the system. Table 5-6. Troubleshooting Symptom Remedy No power Verify that AC power is connected to the IDU. Verify that the ODU cable is properly wired and connected.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting IDU Orange Check that the IDU/ODU cable is properly ODU Red Check that the IDU/ODU cable is properly AIR I/F Orange Complete the installation procedure from Red Check the ODU Antenna alignment. Check wired and connected. wired and connected. the management software. that the radio configuration of both site A and site B units are the same (channel and SSID).
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual available. Using this feature we recommend putting the remaining ODU back to factory setup Configuration>Configure site>Advance option, and then activate the second ODU reconfiguring the link from scratch. Option number 3 is our recommended option preventing configuration mismatches. 5.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Q: Can we use horizontal and vertical polarization on the same frequency to double the number of wireless links? A: Installing two WinLink 1000 systems in the same band with cross polarization provides 20–25 dB separations. Nevertheless, since there are reflections, the cross polarization separation is decreased and spatial separation is recommended. Q: Could you add the frequency of 5.
Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Note WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual WinLink 1000 is a symmetrical system Q: What is the sensitivity for each rate of the WinLink 1000? A: The rate sensitivities are: Rate Sensitivity [Mbps] [dB] 12 -84 18 -81 36 -74 48 -68 Q: Does WinLink 1000 withhold any MAC Addresses? A: The WinLink 1000 is a layer 2 Bridge (VLAN transparent). The builtin switch contains a MAC Address table up to 2047.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Chapter 5 Diagnostics and Troubleshooting • No RF loses between IDU and ODU. • Robust Air Interface Layer 2 ARQ insures “error-free” Ethernet service even in harsh conditions. Retransmit mechanism for TDM ensures low BER. • Integrated up to 4 E1/T1 and Ethernet radio over one single product. • Supports a variety of applications Voice and Data over single radio – no need for external mediation device. • Smooth migration to VoIP applications.
Appendix A Wiring Specifications A.1 ODU-IDU and ODU-(O-PoE) Cables The ODU-IDU and ODU-(O-PoE) cables are standard CAT-5, 4 twistedpair 24 AWG FTP, terminated with RJ-45 connectors on both ends. They are covered by a cable gland on the ODU and O-PoE side for hermetic sealing. Table A-1 shows the connector pinout. Table A-1.
Appendix A Wiring Specifications WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Figure A-1. RJ-45 wiring for IDU-ODU and (O-PoE)-ODU cable A.2 User Port Connectors The IDU includes ports for connecting E1/T1 and 10/100BaseT Ethernet user devices. Trunk Port The Trunk (E1/T1) interface terminates in an 8-pin RJ-45 balanced connector, wired in accordance to Table A-2. Table A-2.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix A Wiring Specifications LAN Port The LAN 10/100BaseT interface terminates in an 8-pin RJ-45 connector, wired in accordance to Table A-3. Table A-3. Fast Ethernet Connector Pinout Pin Signal Function 1 TD (+) Transmit Data 2 TD (–) Transmit Data 3 RD (+) Receive Data (positive) (negative) (positive) 6 RD (–) Receive Data (negative) A.3 IDU-C Connectors IDU-C DC Power Terminal Table A-4.
Appendix A Wiring Specifications WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual IDU-C Alarm Connector Table Table A-5 lists the alarm connector pinout. Table A-5.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix A Wiring Specifications A.4 O-PoE to PC LAN Cable When connecting the O-PoE ETH port cable directly to PC, a crossed LAN CAT-5, 4 twisted-pair 24 AWG FTP, terminated with RJ-45 connectors on both ends must be used. Table A-16 shows the connector pinout. Table A-6.
Appendix B Mast and Wall Installation B.1 Mounting the ODU or O-PoE The ODU or O-PoE can be mounted on a mast or a wall. ODU or O-PoE Mounting Kit Contents The ODU or O-PoE mounting kit includes the following items: • One Large Clamp (see figure B-1) • One Small Clamp (see figure B-2) • One Arm (see figure B-3) • Four Screw hex head M8x40 • Two Screw hex head M8x70 • Four Washer flat M8 • Three Washer spring M8 • Two M8 Nuts. Figure B-1. Large Clamp Figure B-2. Small Clamp Figure B-3.
Appendix B Mast and Wall Installation Mounting WinLink 1000 on a Mast B-2 Mounting the ODU or O-PoE WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix B Mast and Wall Installation Mounting WinLink 1000 on a Wall Mounting the ODU or O-PoE B-3
Appendix B Mast and Wall Installation B.2 WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Mounting an External Antenna The optional external antenna can be mounted on a mast. External Antenna Mounting Kit Contents The external antenna mounting kit includes the following items: Æ • Twelve flat washers • Eight spring washers • Eight hex nuts • Four bolts • One U-bracket • One pivoting bracket • Two metal strap clamps. To install external antenna on the mast: 1.
Appendix C Link Budget Calculator C.1 Overview The Link Budget Calculator is a utility for calculating the expected performance of the WinLink 1000 wireless link and the possible configurations for a specific link range. The utility allows you to calculate the expected RSS of the link, and find the type of services and their effective throughput as a function of the link range and deployment conditions. The Link Budget Calculator is supplied on the WinLink 1000 Manager CD.
Appendix C Link Budget Calculator Installation and Operation Manual Figure C-1. Accessing the Link Budget Manager Calculator C.2 Description of Parameters The parameters described in this section are indicated in Figure C-2. A Fade Margin (FM) the margin taken in consideration as part of the parameters needed as spare for high availability. Min level accepted by the LBC is 6dB.
Installation and Operation Manual Appendix C Link Budget Calculator 1W = 1000 mW Æ 10 x Log (1000) = 30 dBm 2W = 2000 mW Æ 10 x Log (2000) =33 dBm C Max/ Min range (distance) WinLink 1000 sensitivity threshold in -60dB range (-30 dBm < RSS (sensitivity) <-90 dBm, in addition Propagation Delay is also considered 3.3uS / 1 km (refer to Throughput vs Distance guideline Example 2: RSS = Tx(power) + Ant(Tx) + Ant(Rx) – loss loss = 32.
Appendix C Link Budget Calculator Installation and Operation Manual Figure C-2.
Installation and Operation Manual Appendix C Link Budget Calculator Figure C-3. Climate and Terrain Factor Figure C-4.
Appendix C Link Budget Calculator Installation and Operation Manual Figure C-5. Fresnel Zone C.3 Using the Link Budget Calculator The Link Budget Calculator comprises of one table where all the link parameters are defined. Æ To calculate the link budget 1. Select your system product from the dropdown list of products. 2. Select the rate from the dropdown list. The rate defines the airinterface rate in Mbps.
Installation and Operation Manual Appendix C Link Budget Calculator 3. Type the required link distance and select units of distance, kilometers or miles. 4. Select the general conditions 5. Select the services required 6. Click Calculate The Expected Performance parameters are calculated and displayed in the lower part of the table. Expected RSS – this is the number that the WinLink 1000 Manager software shows when the WinLink 1000 ODUs are best aligned.
Appendix D AIND Antenna Alignment Procedure Use this procedure when using the all indoor system WinLink 1000ANID or manually aligning two WinLink 1000 units. To achieve the best benefit and link budget from the WinLink installation, the link antennas must be aligned; the two antennas should exactly face each other. In order to achieve the best performance, the line of sight must be as clear as possible with no obstructions between the two sites.
Appendix D AIND Antenna Alignment Procedure D.1 WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Expected Signal Level Based on the link budget parameters of the actual WinLink sites, you need to calculate the expected signal level that will be received by the receiving site. Use the Link Budget Calculator utility supplied on the WinLink 1000 Manager Software CD-ROM to calculate the expected performance of the WinLink 1000 wireless link.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual 2. Appendix D AIND Antenna Alignment Procedure Slowly move the site A antenna azimuth axis (the elevation axis should be locked) until you see the best signal on the SA. Lock the azimuth axis. 3. Slowly move the site B antenna elevation axis (the azimuth axis should be locked) until you see the best signal on the SA. Lock the elevation axis. 4.
Appendix D AIND Antenna Alignment Procedure D.4 WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual Evaluating the Link With the link operating at a pure channel as determined by the RF survey procedure, the recommended performance threshold of an WinLink 1000 link is the following: RSS: –84 dBm minimum There are cases when there is no line of sight, but still the link is of an acceptable quality. If the link is not within the acceptable limit, see Troubleshooting.
WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual D.5 Appendix D AIND Antenna Alignment Procedure Troubleshooting If the link is not within the acceptable limit as defined in Evaluating the Link, check the following: • Verify that both antennas have the same polarization (horizontal/vertical). • Check all the WinLink 1000-AIND cable connectors for faulty connections. • Verify that there are no obstacles in the Fresnel zone of the antenna path such as large buildings, trees, etc.
Appendix E Antenna Characteristics An antenna is the radiating and receiving element from which the radio signal, in the form of RF power, is radiated to its surroundings and vice versa. The transmission range is a function of the antenna gain and transmitting power. These factors are limited by country regulations. WinLink 1000 may be operated with an integrated antenna attached to the ODU unit, or with an external antenna wired to the ODU via an Ntype connector.
Appendix E Antenna Characteristics WinLink 1000 Installation and Operation Manual The Parabolic dish antenna is a high-gain, reflector antenna used for radio, television, and data communications. The relatively short wavelength of electromagnetic (radio) energy at these frequencies allows reasonably sized reflectors to exhibit the very desirable highly directional response for both receiving and Parabolic Dish transmitting. Antenna Used for 2.4 GHz applications.
Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization F.1 Introduction HSS is an ordering option, WinLink 1000 ODU units are supplied with special hardware for the collocation of several units, using a method called Hub Site Synchronization (HSS). HSS uses an external cable connected to all collocated WinLink 1000 radios. This cable carries pulses sent to each radio, which synchronize their transmission with each other.
Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization Installation and Operation Manual Figure F-1. Interference caused by collocated units Figure F-2. Collocated units using Hub Site Synchronization F.2 Hardware Installation HSS supports installation of up to eight collocated units. In addition to each unit being connected to its IDU or PoE device, the collocated unit has an additional cable that is connected to the HSS Unit.
Installation and Operation Manual Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization The HSS is supplied with ten protective covers; any port not in use must be closed with a protective cover. Figure F-3. HSS Interconnection Unit Note Æ Ensure that the collocated units are connected in sequence from SYNC 1. If an ODU is removed form the hub site, then all remaining ODUs must be reconnected to maintain the connectivity. To connect an ODU to the HSS 1. Unscrew the protective cover from the port marked SYNC 1. 2.
Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization Installation and Operation Manual Sync Master generates the pulses that synchronize the timing of the Hub Sync Clients. A Hub Sync Client can be configured to be two different types: Hub Sync Client–Continue Transmission (HSC-CT): In the event that the unit loses synchronization with the Hub Sync Master, the link remains active. However, without synchronization pulses, it is possible that this unit will cause interference.
Installation and Operation Manual Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization Table F-1.
Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization F.5 Installation and Operation Manual HSS Link Configuration For HSS-enabled units, the Hub Site Synchronization Settings dialog box appears in the Link Configuration Wizard. Figure F-5. Hub Site Synchronization Settings dialog box The Synchronization Status dialog box displays the current status of each side of the link.
Installation and Operation Manual Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization N/A- for Master or Independent Units Synchronized – for Hub Site Clients Not Synchronized – for Hub Site Clients • External Pulses: The status of the pulses running through the HSS cable. The Master generates such pulses. The severity of each of these states is indicated by green, yellow or red text color. Possible states are described in Table F-2. Table F-2.
Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization Installation and Operation Manual The Hub Site Configuration dialog box with the current status of the ODUs is displayed. 3. Select the type of unit configuration from the drop-down list. Because only the relevant options are displayed according to the hardware configuration of each unit, usually the remote site will have only the Independent Unit option available. 4. Select the appropriate RFP radio button.
Installation and Operation Manual F.6 Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization Site Configuration For units that support HSS, the Hub Site Sync option appears in the Air Interface section and displays the current HSS of the unit. Configure the unit from the Link Configuration Wizard according to the procedure described above. Figure F-7. Site Configuration – Hub Site Sync dialog box Figure F-8 is displayed when the hardware does not support HSS. These units may be used as independent remote units.
Appendix F Hub Site Synchronization Installation and Operation Manual Figure F-8.
Appendix G BRS Installation Procedure G.1 BRS Link Activation In accordance with 2.5 GHz standard, WinLink 1000-BRS systems links must be activated before use. This is done at both ODUs independently before installation on site. Both ODUs must be configured the same. Æ To Activate a BRS Link 1. Install WinLink 1000 Manager software as usual. 2. When the Manager Main Screen is displayed it appears with the Link Status label red and showing Inactive.
Appendix G BRS Installation Procedure Installation and Operation Manual Figure G-1. Inactive Manager Screen 3. Click Configuration>Configure Location The Air Interface dialog box opens, Figure G-2.
Installation and Operation Manual Appendix G BRS Installation Procedure Figure G-2. BRS Air Interface dialog box 4. Set the appropriate Frequency Band Plan and Bandwidth. 5. Select the required frequency band, and click Apply. 6. Click Installation Mode 7. Repeat for the remote ODU.
Appendix G BRS Installation Procedure Installation and Operation Manual Figure G-3. BRS Channel Settings Pre-Transition 8. Perform the remainder of the Installation procedure as defined in the Installation section. G.2 BRS Link Configuration The BRS link is reconfigured during the Link Installation or the Link Note G-4 Configuration wizards, or from the Air Interface screen. Both sites in a BRS Link must be configured identically.
Installation and Operation Manual Æ Appendix G BRS Installation Procedure To Configure BRS Channel Settings 1. Set the Band Plan. 2. Select the Bandwidth required, Single Band Double Band 3. Select the Frequency from the pull-down menu. 4. Click Next. The system is re-synchronized to the changes. Figure G-4.
Appendix H RF Exposure The antennas used for the following transmitters must be installed to provide a separation distance as specified. They must not be colocated or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Product FCC ID F58A/HE/FCC/INT Q3KAMWL1580 22 109 F58A/HE/FCC/EXT Q3KAMWL1580 28 217 Q3KAMWL1580 32.5 364 F24A/FCC/INT Q3KAMWL1240 16 16 F24A/FCC/EXT Q3KAMWL1240 24 40 F24A/HE/FCC/EXT Q3KAMWL1240H 24 71 F24A/HE/FCC/INT Q3KAMWL1240H 15.2 37 24 56 17.
Index —A— AC power connecting, 2-7 Active Alarm Summary, 5-10 Adaptive modulation, 1-4 Adaptive Modulation, 4-8 —C— Change password, 4-26 Channel select, 2-16 Clear Counters, 3-5 Community String, 4-24 change dialog box, 4-24 Advanced configuration, 4-14 forgotten string, 4-26 Advanced Tab, 4-21 Read-Write, 4-24 Advanced Encryption System, 1-3 AIND All Indoor Radio Unit, 2-5 Air Interface, 1-8 configuration, 4-14 rate, 4-7 Alarm connector, 1-4, 1-9, A-3 Alarms, 5-9 list of, 5-10 Antenna, 1-4
Index Connectors Alarm, A-3 IDU-E, A-2 Contact person, 4-14 Installation and Operation Manual —G— Get Link Information, 5-1 Grid Antenna, E-1 Contents, of package, 2-1 —H— —D— Hub Site Synchronization, 1-5, F-1 Date & Time synchronizing, 4-18 Date and Time, 4-14, 4-18 DC power connecting, 2-7 Default Gateway, 4-14, 4-17 Default password link password, 4-27 management, 2-10 Default settings, 3-4 Description, 1-5 DFS, 1-3, 2-17, 4-5 Diagnostics, 1-3, 5-1 Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS), 1-
Installation and Operation Manual Link Budget Calculator overview, C-1 using, C-5 Link Compatibility, 1-4, 5-12 Index mounting, 2-4 ODU Bridge Mode, 4-21 ODU-IDU cable pinout, A-1 Link configuration, 4-1 Operating temperature, 2-1 Link Information, 5-1 Outdoor PoE (O-PoE) Link details, 3-6 Link installation, 2-12 Link password, 4-14 Link Status, 3-6 Location details, 4-14 Loopback activate, 5-13 deactivate, 5-13 external, 5-13 internal, 5-14 —M— Main menu, 3-5 Management addresses, 4-17 confi
Index event colors, 5-3 reset event colors, 5-3 Installation and Operation Manual interface, 1-3, 1-8 Traffic LEDs, 3-3 Prerequisites, 2-1 TDM clock —Q— TDM status, 3-6 Quality bar, 2-17, 4-6 —R— Radio signal strength, 3-6 Re-installing the Link, 4-30 Reselect Channel, 2-17, 4-4, 4-6 Reset, 4-30 factory defaults, 4-31 Restore button, 4-14 Restoring configuration, 4-30 —S— Saving, 4-29 Saving the Monitor Log, 5-2 Security configuration, 4-14 Service parameters, 4-7 Setup, 2-1 Site requiremen