411- 1333 -203 Reunion CTR 28 GHz Sub-Bands 28-01P1, 28-01P2 and 28-07P Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide Release 1.
Reunion CTR 2800 Outdoor Microwave Transceiver Installation Guide Document number: 411- 1333 - 203.01.02 Product release: Release 1.2 Document version: Preliminary Date: March 1999 Copyright Country of printing Confidentiality Legal statements Trademarks 1999 Northern Telecom Northern Telecom Ltd., all rights reserved Printed in Canada NORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern Telecom.
v Publication history September 1998 • • Draft release of the document Subject to change without notice • • Preliminary release of the document Subject to change without notice March 1999 Reunion CTR 28 GHz Installation Guide
vi 411- 1333 - 203.01.
vii About this guide Purpose This guide provides the information required to install and operate the CTR 28 GHz outdoor microwave transceiver. The CTR 28 GHz is one of the Radio Frequency (RF) products that constitute a Nortel Reunion product line. The associated products include the following types of cell site equipment: • broadband transmitters • broadband receivers • broadband repeaters • broadband transceivers Audience The audience for this document are those who install and operate the CTR 28 GHz.
viii Organization This Guide is divided into seven sections: • Product Overview describes the CTR 2800’s components and theory of operation. • Pre-Instalation describes the basics of handling the equipment upon arrival. • Reunion Safety Standards provide a quick review of general safety guidelines. • Installing the CTR 2800 explains how to physically install the transceiver. • CTR 2800 Maintenance describes basic maintenance procedures to ensure that the transceiver is operating correctly.
ix Documentation Suite This Reunion Release has a suite of fifteen documents: Reunion System Overview, 411- 1343 - 010 Reunion Network Node Equipment Installation Guide, 411- 1313 - 200 Reunion NIU 6054 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 201 Reunion NIU 6154 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.2, 411- 1323 - 202 Reunion NIU 5008 Network Interface Unit Installation Guide, Release 1.
x Customer Support In addition, Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) provides 24-hour customer service and technical support to ensure your service operation is trouble-free. If you have questions or need technical support, contact Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access at the following telephone numbers: • In the USA and Canada, call 972-BWA-ETAS/972-292-3827 • Fax (204) 631-2475 Write Nortel Networks at: • Nortel Networks Broadband Wireless Access 14 Fultz Blvd.
xi Contents Publication history v About this guide vii Purpose vii Audience vii Organization viii Documentation Suite ix Customer Support x Contents xi CTR 28 GHz Release 1.
xii Grounding and Surge Protection 2-1 Grounding/Lightning Protection 2-1 Scope 2-1 Grounding Methods/Indoor Equipment 2-1 Wire Gauge Guidelines 2-2 Outdoor Equipment: the need for surge (lightning) protection 2-3 Ground connections to outdoor equipment 2-7 Regulatory Considerations 2-10 List of terms 411- 1333 - 203.01.
1-1 1 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 Product Overview The CTR 28 GHz outdoor transceiver is a customer premise transceiver designed to operate in the Receiver (RX) 27.5485 to 27.7485 GHz and Transmitter (TX) 28.5565 to 28.7565 GHz frequency bands. It is a Nortel Reunion product which operates in conjunction with base station products. It is compatible with Reunion’s Release 1.2 equipment. The CTR 28 GHz transceiver is mounted on a pole or a building. It features a small size and low noise characteristics.
1-2 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-1 CTR 28 GHz Block Diagram Diplexer 18 VDC IF/PS Input Power Supply TX Filter P. Amp. TX Filter 12 VDC Antenna DRO Mixer Duplexer Mixer RX Filter LNA RX Filter LO Test Port IF Output VHF-AMP How the CTR 28 GHz Works This section provides an overview of the theory of operation for the CTR 28 GHz outdoor transceiver. Its installation on a pole or building enhances transmitting and receiving capabilities by avoiding the need for long expensive waveguide runs.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-3 1. The CTR transceiver’s input coaxial cable carries the IF signals and the 18 VDC power supply to the diplexer. The diplexer distributes the DC power to the power supply unit and interfaces with the mixer for the IF signals. 2. The 450-650 MHz transmit IF signals enter the mixer which upconverts the signals to the 28.5565-28.7565 GHz band for the transmit path. The received 27.5485-27.7485 RF band is downconverted to a receive signal in the 358-558 MHz range. 3.
1-4 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 CTR 28 GHz Specification Table 1: CTR 28 GHz Specifications TX IF Input RF Output Frequency Range 28-01P1 538-650 MHz 28.5565-28.6685 GHz 28-01P2 28.6405-28.7525 GHz 28-07P 28.2-28.35 GHz Output Level (P1dB) ≥21 dBm, -40° to +30°C ≥20.7 dBm, +31° to +50°C ≥20.2 dBm, +51° to +55°C Output Level (IP3) >28 dBm, min. Input Impedance 50 Ohms Input/Output Connector N Type Female WR-28 Cover Flange Input VSWR 1.8:1, max 1.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-5 Antenna CTR Frequency 27.5-29.5 GHz Gain 35 dBi, minimum TX / RX wave polarity linear, single pole Beam Width (3dB) 2.6° Diameter 1’ (30.5 cm) Power Supply CTR Input Voltage 18 VDC, 3A, max diplexed with TX cable Input Current <3 Amp Input Power 54 Watts, maximum Environmental CTR Humidity 100% condensing Altitude 10,000 feet Operating Temperature -40° to +55°C Storage Temperature Range -45° to +85°C Mechanical CTR Size (Height x Diameter) 15.
1-6 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 CTR 28 GHz Component Descriptions Diplexer / Power Supply The diplexer separates the IF input signals and the DC power supply. The isolation between the IF path and the power supply path is more than 45 dB. A transient voltage protector on the board helps to protect the transceiver from possible lightning damage. The 18 VDC power from the diplexer is first regulated to 12 VDC for all the modules. Mixer The CTR 28 GHz uses a third harmonic mixer. The mixer uses a 9.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-7 Low Noise Amplifier The low noise amplifier (LNA) provides gain in the receive path and amplifies the received microwave signals to the mixer. The gain and noise figure of the LNA are chosen to maximize the overall dynamic range and noise performance of the CTR 28 GHz receiver section. Power Amplifier The power amplifier provides gain in the transmit path. It boosts the signals in the 28.5565-28.7565 GHz frequency range to the required level.
1-8 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 Pre-Installation Prevention of Access Allow only authorized personnel to access the equipment. Install the equipment in a restricted-access location or similar environment. Failure to prevent unauthorized user access invalidates the equipment warranty. Unpacking Shipment Use the following steps to unpack and inspect the shipment of Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment: 1. Copy adequate Inventory Forms 2.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-9 Reunion Safety Standards Safety and safety considerations are important while using Nortel Broadband Wireless Access equipment. Safety Disclaimer The safety standards discussed in this guide cannot address all safety problems associated with their use or all applicable regulatory requirements. The customers are responsible for establishing appropriate safety and health practices and for determining the applicability of regulatory limitations before their use.
1-10 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 Installing the CTR 28 GHz Installation involves three separate operations: • mounting bracket assembly • installing the tower equipment • installing the indoor equipment For information about installing the antenna(s) and such aspects as line of sight, antenna mast spacing, coverage angle, etc., refer to the Network Engineering Package and the Design Document.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-11 Installing the Tower Equipment Install the CTR 28 GHz microwave transceiver as follows: 1. Mount the CTR 28 GHz to a stable pole using the supplied mounting brackets. See Figures 1-7, 1-8, and 1-9. The mounting brackets accommodate poles with outside diameters from 2" to 4.5". See Figures 1-5 and 1-6. The CTR 28 GHz requires 18 VDC (3A) power supply unit. 2. Connect the IF/power supply input cable to the CTR’s N-type IF IN 18 VDC port. See Figures 1-3 and 1-4. 3.
1-12 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 Installing Indoor Equipment (NIU 5008 only) Install the NIU 5008 equipment associated with the CTR 28 GHz microwave transceiver as follows: 1. Connect the CPI 9000 (power inserter) to -48 VDC power source. 2. Adjust voltage out of CPI 9000. It is adjustable from 17V to 21V, depending on cable length and type. 3. Connect power inserter unit’s IF IN port (N-type connector) to the NIU’s IF OUT N-type (bulkhead) connector as shown in Figure 1-2. 4.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-13 Installing Indoor Equipment (NIU 6054 only) Install the NIU 6054 equipment associated with the CTR 28 GHz microwave transceiver as follows: 1. Adjust voltage out of NIU 6054. It is adjustable from 17V to 21 V, depending on cable length and type. 2. Connect CTR 28 GHz IF/PS cable to the NIU 6054’s output (PS/IF) port (N-type connector). 3. Connect CTR 28 GHz RX cable to NIU N-type (bulkhead) connector. 4.
1-14 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-4 The CTR 28 GHz Back View-Showing Input and Output Points Polarity Symbol IF IN 18 VDC IF OUT Drainage Hole LO Test Port Bracket Drainage Hole 411- 1333 - 203.01.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.
1-16 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-6 CTR 28 GHz Mounted on a Pole - Side View Antenna Module CTR 28 GHz Connectors 90° 55° Mounting Pole 411- 1333 - 203.01.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.
1-18 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 Figure 1-9 CTR mounted to a Pole IF OUT LO Test Port IF IN 18 VDC Saddle Side Support Bolt U-Bracket Support Base Support Note: This is a previous model of the CTR, however, it shows bracket assembly. Figure 1-10 CTR 28 GHz with Connectors IF In 18 VDC IF Out Drainage Hole LO Test Port U-Bracket Support 411- 1333 - 203.01.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.
1-20 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 CTR 28 GHz Maintenance Establish a regular check procedure. This quickly identifies any problem which might develop. There are no repairable internal components in the CTR 28 GHz. Therefore, the checks focus on the exterior features of the transceiver unit. Mechanical Checks Check the following mechanical areas to prevent problems. 1. Check the bolts and fasteners which hold the transceiver, waveguides, and antenna. Vibrations due to wind can cause bolts and fasteners to loosen.
CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 1-21 CTR 28 GHz Diagnostic Reference Chart Symptom Possible Cause Check Procedure Output power low 1. VHF input signal level low. a. Check VHF signal level. b. Check coaxial cable. c. Check cable connectors. d. Check antenna for blockage (e.g. guano) No power a. check main fuse power b.
1-22 CTR 28 GHz Release 1.2 411- 1333 - 203.01.
2-1 2 Grounding and Surge Protection Grounding/Lightning Protection Scope This chapter presents guidelines for the grounding and electrical protection of Reunion equipment in typical buildings, assuming 1. indoor equipment is installed in an appropriate equipment room and 2. outdoor equipment is installed on rooftops using a pole mount. Further, Nortel Networks assumes building electrical systems comply with the appropriate national and local regulations.
2-2 Grounding and Surge Protection Figure 2-1 Typical Grounding configuration for Indoor Equipment Collector Cable Cabinet 1 Cabinet 2 Cabinet 3 Cabinet N Mesh Connection SPG The single point ground (SPG) represents the connection of IBN to the building grounding system. Wire Gauge Guidelines Main bonding conductors All main bonding conductors in the equipment room shall be No. 2 AWG or larger copper wires.
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-3 Outdoor Equipment: the need for surge (lightning) protection Apart from the need to provide good grounding for safety, outdoor equipment is subject to more environmental hazards than is indoor equipment. Radio communication equipment, with antennas mounted well above ground level, have conductive parts exposed to lightning. Safety needs are met by grounding practices and protection needs are met by a combination of grounding and protective devices.
2-4 Grounding and Surge Protection mounting plate should be considered as an alternative bonding to the preferred technique of separately bonding each BTR and RPE. The size of the bonding wire should be #6 AWG. The coaxial cable shall be bonded at least at the RPE/BTR/CTR and at the building entry. For a tower higher than 30 meters (98 ft), the cable shall be bonded at 30 meter intervals. The size of the bonding conductor shall be #6 AWG or larger.
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-5 Figure 2-2 Rooftop Installation of Reunion Base Radio Equipment NOTE Lightning rod The outer coaxial cable conductor is bonded (grounded) at the building entrance and at the customer premise transceiver (CTR). Steel pipe mount 6.4 cm (2.5 in.) 1 m 3.3 ft CTR Building entrance Grounding plate to common bonding network Surge arrestors 2 m ± 30 cm 6.6 ± 1.
2-6 Grounding and Surge Protection Figure 2-3 Rooftop Installation of Reunion Base Radio Equipment Lightning rod NOTE The outer conductor of the coaxial cable is grounded at the building ground’s entrance and at the BTR. On the building side, the RPE comes equipped with surge arrestors. 1 m 3.3 ft Steel pipe mount 6.4 cm (2.5 in.) BTR Redundant radios BTR Surge arrestors Building entrance RPE Grounding plate Surge arrestors to common bonding network 411- 1333 - 203.01.
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-7 Ground connections to outdoor equipment The grounding lug is supplied with all current releases of outdoor brackets. In addition, a 6 AWG braided ground wire connected to the common bonding network is required to complete the ground connection for all microwave products. Note: There is no grounding lug supplied with previously-released microwave products. To retrofit these installations, order one retrofit kit for each sector and use the following procedures.
2-8 Grounding and Surge Protection Figure 2-4 Grounding the BTR and RPE BTR Internal tooth lock washer Existing socket head capscrew Existing split lock washer Internal tooth lock washer Cable (not provided) RPE Existing flat washer Existing Hex head capscrew Cable (not provided) Retrofit procedure for grounding the customer premise equipment (CTR) You will need an NTVG15CA CTR grounding retrofit kit for every CTR to be retrofitted, containing the following parts: Item Qty Vendor part no.
Grounding and Surge Protection 2-9 Use the following method to install the kit on the CTR, referring to Figure 2-5: 1 Install the ¼” stainless steel hex bolt, stainless steel flat washer and the stainless steel internal tooth washer through one of the four holes in the CTR. (Refer to Figure 2-5 for the hole location.) 2 Install a stainless steel internal tooth washer, stainless steel flatwasher and the 1/4” nut onto the assembly installed in Step 1.
2-10 Grounding and Surge Protection Regulatory Considerations Electrical 1. UL1950/IEC950 Lightning protection 1. UL1492 2. IEC 65 3. IEEE/ANSI C62.41 4. Bellcore GR-1089-CORE 5. ANSI/NFPA 780 Lightning Protection Code Grounding 1. CCITT Rec K.27 2. Corporate Standard 4122, Grounding of Communication Systems It is assumed that building construction complies with NEC Article 250 (US) or CEC Section 10 (Canada).
3-1 3 List of terms AC Alternating Current Air Terminal Another name for lightning rod AWG American Wire Gauge DBMS Digital Broadband Microwave System DC Direct Current DRO Dielectric Resonance Oscillator Earthing Another term for grounding used by safety agencies. Earthing is the term often seen in safety standards.
3-2 List of terms IC Industry Canada IF Intermediate Frequency kHz kilohertz, one thousand hertz or cycles per second LO Local Oscillator LNA Low Noise Amplifier LNB Low Noise Block Downconverter MHz MegaHertz, one million hertz or cycles per second NIU Network Interface Unit OCXO Oven-Controlled Crystal Oscillator PA Power Amplifier PI Power Inserter PS Power Supply QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, which entails modulating frequency RF Radio Frequency RMM Radio Modem Module 411- 1333 - 203.01.
List of terms 3-3 SPG Single Point Ground VAC Voltage Alternating Current VDC Voltage Direct Current (Volts Direct Current) VHF Very High Frequency Reunion CTR 28 GHz Installation Guide
3-4 List of terms 411- 1333 - 203.01.
Family Product Manual Contacts Copyright Confidentiality Legal statements DocInfo
Reunion CTR 28 GHz Installation Guide Nortel Broadband Wireless Access 14 Fultz Blvd. Winnipeg, Manitoba R3Y 1V3 Phone: 972-BWA-ETAS/972-292-3827; Fax: 204-631-2475 1-800-4-NORTEL (1-800-466-7835) http://www.nortel.com 1999 Northern Telecom Northern Telecom Ltd., all rights reserved NORTHERN TELECOM CONFIDENTIAL: The information contained in this document is the property of Northern Telecom.
