Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base Stations MMDS Broadband Wireless Access System Date: April 4, 2001 Part Number:104-0100-0001-A
Expedience is a trademark of NextNet Wireless. ©2000-2001 NextNet Wireless, Inc. All rights reserved. NOTICE: This equipment has been tested with a 20 dB gain antenna and found to comply with the Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure Limits detailed below. A minimum of 1-meter separation between the installation/operator technician and the transmitting antenna should be maintained. Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure Limits. TABLE 1.
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CONTENTS CHAPTER 0 Preface About this guide Preface Overview ............................................................................... ix About this guide ................................................................................ ix Chapters in this guide ........................................................................................... x Additional documentation ................................................................. xi How to obtain additional documentation .............
Terminal emulation connection settings ................................................. 2-9 Setting base station configuration parameters ................................ 2-9 set airlink channel number ............................................................................. 2-10 set airlink downlink power ............................................................................. 2-11 set downlink bias ............................................................................................
Powering the base station .............................................................................. 3-27 Verifying system operation ............................................................ 3-27 Appendix A Parts list Appendix overview ........................................................................A-29 Appendix B MMDS frequency range Appendix overview ........................................................................
iv Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations
FIGURES CHAPTER 0 Preface About this guide Chapter 1 Introduction to base station installations Figure 1.1 Base station mounted on tower with antenna connection .................................................................... 1-2 Chapter 2 Configuring base stations Chapter 3 Installing base stations Figure 3.1 Figure 3.2 Figure 3.3 Figure 3.4 Figure 3.5 Figure 3.6 Figure 3.7 Figure 3.8 Cell wiring diagram ................................................... 3-14 Base station connectors .......
vi Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations
TABLES CHAPTER 0 Preface About this guide Chapter 1 Introduction to base station installations Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Base station physical characteristics ................................ 1-3 Advantages/disadvantages of location choices ............. 1-5 Chapter 2 Configuring base stations Table 2.1 Table 2.2 Base station transmit power level .................................. 2-11 Data transfer rate associated with set downlink bias command .............................................................
viii Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations
PREFACE ABOUT THIS GUIDE CHAPTER0 Preface Overview Thank you for choosing the Expedience system from NextNet Wireless. This guide describes how to configure and install the system’s base station component. This preface describes: • • • • Audience for this guide Additional documentation Typographical conventions used in this guide Where to go for more help About this guide This guide describes how to configure and install the system’s base station.
It is assumed readers of this guide are familiar with: • Basic networking concepts • Layer 2 (link layer) of OSI model • Cell structure engineering Chapters in this guide Table i describes the chapters and appendices in this guide. Table i Chapters and appendices in the guide Chapter Description Preface Provides an overview of the guide, related documentation, the guide’s intended audience, typographical conventions, and methods for obtaining technical support.
Additional documentation If you cannot find the information you need in this guide, you may want to refer to the documents described in Table ii. Table ii Additional documentation Guide Description Getting Started with the Expedience System Provides an overview of the Expedience system, its components, its network architecture, and options for selecting a deployment scheme for the system in your backbone network.
Typographical conventions this guide uses Table iii describes the typographical conventions that this guide uses. Table iii Typographical conventions Convention Meaning Bold face If you are using a graphical user interface (GUI), bold face indicates a button, menu option, icon, and so on, that you manipulate directly. If you are using a command line interface, bold face indicates commands and keywords. Bold face can also indicate information that you must enter.
Where to go for more help This section describes how to obtain support for your NextNet Wireless product. It also describes how to provide comments on the product documentation. Technical support NextNet Wireless is committed to providing our customers with high quality technical support. Table iv describes how to contact technical support. Table iv Contacting technical support Contact Description Phone 800.000.0000 (United States) 1.952.###.#### (Internationally) support@nextnetwireless.com www.
xiv Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base Stations
1 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION TO BASE STATION CHAPTER1 INSTALLATIONS Chapter overview This chapter provides an overview of the Expedience system and of the system’s base station component. It provides an installation overview. The chapter also describes things you need to consider before installing base stations.
cellular deployment offer you flexibility in adjusting downlink versus uplink airtime. For more system overview information, refer to the guide “Getting Started with the Expedience System.” Base station overview The base station maintains contact with CPEs at your subscribers’ sites. The base station integrates the transceiver and modem into one device. From a transmitting tower, the base station can cover can approximate radius of 1 to 3 miles, with a 5 mile maximum. Figure 1.1 shows a base station.
Table 1.1 describes base station physical characteristics. Table 1.1 Base station physical characteristics Characteristic Description Dimensions Weight Temperature range Heat load 18.34 in. x 11.25 in. x 5.25in. 40 pounds -30 C to 50 C If housed in environmentally controlled enclosure, heat load is 490 BTU/hour Installation overview This section provides a high-level overview of the base station installation process. Other sections in this guide then explain these installation tasks in detail.
information, refer to the section, “Connecting to the backbone network” on page 3-26 in this guide. 8 Power the base stations by connecting the TVS module to the power supply. For more information, refer to the section, “Powering base stations” on page 3-26 in this guide. 9 Before leaving the site, verify that the system is operating. For more information, refer to the section, “Verifying system operation” on page 3-27 in this guide.
maintenance you require. Table 1.2 describes some of the locations you might want to consider. Table 1.2 Advantages/disadvantages of location choices Location Advantages Disadvantages On tower, at antennas Installing at the antennas offers cost savings, due to the fact that you can use a shorter coaxial cable to connect the base stations to your cells. This also offers the ability to transmit at higher power levels, since there is lower signal loss in shorter cables.
Assessing service provider equipment needs The Expedience system supplies the base stations, the CPEs, and an Ethernet cable that connects the CPE to the subscriber’s PC or LAN network interface card (NIC).
2 CHAPTER CONFIGURING BASE STATIONS CHAPTER2 Chapter overview This chapter describes how to configure base stations. It describes: • How to configure base stations before you deploy them.
Using Term or Telnet to help configure base stations The base station supports the following methods of configuration and management: • SNMP server • Web server • Telnet, terminal emulation over a serial line To configure the device initially, you will most likely use a serial connection and a terminal emulation session. • Telnet allows access to the base station through remote access over the Ethernet network using the base station’s IP address.
Connecting through terminal emulation The terminal emulation connection is a physical RS-232 cable connection, between the base station and a PC. Once the connection is made, you can use a program such as Hyperterminal under the Windows operating system to configure and communicate with the station. Before installing a base station, it is recommended that you assign the base station a name, using terminal emulation and the “set name” and “set location” commands in NNOS.
3 For your changes to take effect, perform one of the following: • Re-boot the base station --OR-• Power down the base station, and then re-power it. For more information about these configuration parameters, as well as a full list of configuration parameters, refer to the guide “Using the NextNet Operating System.” set airlink channel number Set this configuration parameter to the channel on which you want to run the airlink. The channel range for ITFS and MMDS frequencies is 1-31.
set airlink downlink power This parameter specifies the base station’s transmit power level. Specify a power value from 0 to 31. The maximum system power level is 10, which specifies +33 dB at 2 watts. The other power levels are measured in 1 dB steps from the maximum. Example: set airlink downlink power 10 Table 2.1Base station transmit power level Power value 10 . . 13 . . 16 . . 23 . . 31 Power level +33 dBm or 2.0 watts +30 dBm 1.0 watt +27 dBm 500 milliwatts +20 dBm 100 milliwatts +12 dBm 15.
You must specify the same downlink bias for all base stations in a cell. Likewise, all base stations within your system, regardless of the cell they are in, must have the same downlink bias. Table 2.
3 CHAPTER INSTALLING BASE STATIONS CHAPTER3 Chapter overview This chapter describes how to install base stations. It describes: • Components used to mount the base station on a building or tower. • Connecting the base station to the cell and to cell-site components Before you begin Before you install a base station on a roof top or tower: • It is recommended that you assign a name to the base station. For more information refer to Chapter 2, “Configuring base stations‚” in this guide.
Cell wiring Figure 3.1 shows how a cell, base stations, and ancillary equipment are wired together. Figure 3.
Base station connectors Figure 3.2 shows the connectors that the base station supports. Figure 3.2 Base station connectors Antenna Connector Base Station J4 - Serial Connector J3 - GPS Connector J2 - GPS Connector J1 - Ethernet/Power Connector Ethernet (data) and power connector The Ethernet and power connector supplies data and DC power to the base station. The circular connector has 8 pins: • Ethernet transmit uses 2 pins. • Ethernet receive uses 2 pins.
Figure 3.3 shows the pins of the Ethernet and power connector on the base station, looking at the connector on the base station. Figure 3.3 Ethernet (data) and power connector 7 6 1 8 5 2 3 1 - EN TD+ 2 - EN TD3 - EN RD+ 4 - EN RD5 - Power V+ 6 - Power V+ 7 - Power V8 - Power V- 4 Ethernet/power connecting cable Depending on your needs, you can order any of the following cables to connect the base station to the TVS module. Table 3.
Table 3.2 RJ-45 cable pins Pin Connection 4 5 6 7 8 Rx+48 VDC +48 VDC -48 VDC -48 VDC Table 3.3 describes the color and function of the wires in cable 597-6013-0xxx. Table 3.
TVS module connectors The TVS module has connectors on both its right and left sides. Base station to TVS connector The base station connector supplies power and an Ethernet connection to the base station. Connect cable 597-6013-0xxx to this side of the TVS module. Figure 3.
base station connector side, the base station will power up, but you will NOT be properly protected against possible lightning strikes. Figure 3.5 TVS module connector: Power/Ethernet connector ISP Ethernet +48 VDC Power +- GPS connectors The base station supports two GPS connectors: one connector is used to supply the GPS signal, either by a direct connection to the GPS device, or by a daisy chain connection to another base station in the cell.
An RS-422 line feeds 1PPS+ and 1PPS- with the time synchronization pulse from the GPS equipment to the base station. An RS-422 line also feeds 422Data+ and 422Data-, to allow data communication from the GPS device to the base station. Currently, this is one-way communication, with the GPS device giving the base station time information. The 18V+ and ground pin supply power to the GPS device from the base station. The GPS device uses 18 volts DC at 150 milliamperes.
Serial interface connector For base station configuration, the serial interface connector lets you directly connect the base station to a PC or laptop. The six-pin connector is an RS-232 cable (10 ft), physical interface. Figure 3.7 Serial interface connector 1 5 6 2 4 1 - nu 2 - TxD 3 - RxD 4 - TxD 5 - nu 6 - Ground 3 Note: “nu” indicates that the pin is not used.
station on a tower, you need to use mounting plates, which you need to acquire from another equipment supplier. Mounting the base station to a wall To mount the base station to a wall: 1 Find a surface suited to base station installation. a Plan to install the base station vertically, so the antenna connector is at the top (facing skyward), and the other circular connectors are at the bottom (facing the ground).
to the base station, use 5/16 inch x 18 inch UNC thread bolts and a lock washer. Use your own bolts to then attach the bracket to the surface. Mounting the base station to a tower Use the tower connecting plate to attach the base station to a tower. To mount the base station on a tower: 1 Find a place on the tower that is suited to base station installation.
flexible line, of the shortest length possible, while still allowing the flexibility to make a good connection. • The base station contains an antenna connector with a 1/4 inch wave stub lightning protector. You do not need to place an external lightning protector in the coaxial cable. Connecting the antenna to the base station To attach the antenna to the base station: 1 Mount the antenna according to the manufacturer’s instructions. 2 Connect one end of a short coaxial jumper to the antenna.
The GPS and lightning protector do not ship with mounting accessories. You can obtain these accessories from many suppliers around the world, especially distributors of marine products. Follow these tips when mounting the GPS: • Mount the GPS unit on a threaded pipe or pole. • The GPS mounting socket accepts a 1.0000 x 14 straight thread. It is recommended that the pole/pipe you use be 1.000 inch. • Secure the pipe or pole to the building or other support structure.
Continue to use the daisy chain wiring scheme to connect the remaining base stations, until all of the base stations within the cell are connected to each other. On the last base station in the daisy chain, connect the load termination on the open GPS connection. Connecting to the backbone network The base station connects to a TVS module. You then connect the TVS module to your network. Typically, base stations connect to a level 2 switch at the cell site, using a 10BaseT connection.
Powering the base station The base station does not have a power switch. Rather, it receives its power when the UPS, power supply, and TVS module are connected to the base station through the Ethernet/power cable. To connect the base station to a power supply, connect these components in the order that follows: 1 Connect the base station to the antenna. 2 Connect the GPS to a base station, and use a daisy chain wiring scheme to connect the other base stations.
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A APPENDIX PARTS LIST CHAPTER0 Appendix overview This appendix provides you with part numbers for the base station and for the system components which support the base station. Table A.
Table A.1Parts list Component Base station power/Ethernet cable. Depending on your needs, the following lengths are available: Base station power/Ethernet cable, 10 ft. Base station power/Ethernet cable, 25 ft. Base station power/Ethernet cable, 100 ft. Base station power/Ethernet cable, 200 ft. Base station site power supply kit, which includes: 3 power supply modules 19 inch rack mounting chassis Cable alternatives Base station to GPS receiver, 25 ft. Base station to GPS receiver, 100 ft.
B APPENDIX MMDS FREQUENCY RANGE CHAPTER 0 Appendix overview This appendix provides reference information about the MMDS frequency range. MMDS stands for multichannel multipoint distribution service and is a system of transmitting signals through microwave. MMDS represents frequencies in the 2.5 to 2.686 GHz band. Although initially used to transmit video signals, MMDS has gone through regulatory changes which allow licensees of the frequency range to engage in fixed, two-way digital transmissions.
B-32 Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base Stations 1 Frequency (MHz) 2500 Channel A1 2 B1 3 A2 5 2524 4 B2 A3 6 B3 7 A4 9 C1 2548 8 B4 ITFS D2 D3 C4 D4 E1 F1 2596 13 14 15 16 17 18 C3 2572 10 11 12 D1 C2 F2 E3 F3 E4 F4 G1 H1 G2 H2 G3 H3 G4 ITFS & MMDS 2620 2644 2668 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 E2 MMDS 2690
INDEX A AAA server equipment, 1-6 Airlink enabling, 2-12 Ancilliary equipment housing requirements, 1-6 Antenna coaxial cable, 3-21 connector, 3-21 gain recommended, 1-6 installation tips, 3-23 lightning protection, 3-21 planning installation, 1-6 type used to transmit MMDS channels, B-31 B Backbone network connecting to, 3-26 bandwidth increasing on the downlink, 2-11 Base station connectors, 3-15 daisy chaining within cell, 3-26 mounting, 3-21 naming, 2-8 power, 3-26 transmit power level, 2-11 C Cable c
connecting to base station, 3-25 connector, 3-19 daisy-chained base stations, 3-26 exposure requirements, 3-25 interface cable, 3-20 mounting pole and socket, 3-25 powering, 3-25 TDD impact, 1-6 time pulse generated, 3-24 GPS Inter-base station cable, 3-20 I Inter-base station cable, 3-20 L Lightning protection, 1-5, 1-6, 3-24, A29 antenna, 3-21 LOS requirement elimination, 1-1 M MMDS frequency range channels, B-31 Mounting brackets, 3-21 template, 3-22 S cable, 3-21 connector, 3-21 set airlink channel
