Maxtor DiamondMax16 60/80/120/160GB Product Manual October 16, 2003 Part Number: 1837
© October 16, 2003 Maxtor Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein – which will be incorporated in revised editions of the publication. Maxtor may make changes or improvements in the product(s) described in this publication at any time and without notice. Maxtor and MaxFax are registered trademarks of Maxtor Corporation, registered in the ® U.S.A.
Before You Begin Thank you for your interest in Maxtor hard disk drives. This manual provides technical information for OEM engineers and systems integrators regarding the installation and use of Maxtor hard drives. Drive repair should be performed only at an authorized repair center. For repair information, contact the Maxtor Product Support Center at 1-800-2MAXTOR. CAUTION: Maxtor hard drives are precision products.
Table of Contents Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Maxtor Corporation .................................................................................................. Manual Organization................................................................................................. Abbreviations ............................................................................................................ Conventions....................................................................................
Table of Contents Chapter 4 HANDLING AND INSTALLATION 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Hard Drive Handling Precautions .............................................................................. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)..................................................................................... Unpacking and Inspection ......................................................................................... Repacking .....................................................................................
List of Figures Figure 2-1 Figure 3-1 Figure 4-1 Figure 4-2 iii PCBA Jumper Location and Configuration ................................................... 2-6 Outline and Mounting Dimensions .............................................................. 3-4 Single Pack Shipping Container .................................................................... 4-3 20-Pack Shipping Container .........................................................................
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Maxtor Corporation Maxtor Corporation has been providing high-quality computer storage products since 1982. Along the way, we’ve seen many changes in data storage needs. Not long ago, only a handful of specific users needed more than a couple hundred megabytes of storage. Today, downloading from the Internet and CD-ROMs, multimedia, networking and advanced office applications are driving storage needs even higher.
Introduction 1.
Introduction Signal Conventions Signal names are shown in all uppercase type. All signals are either high active or low active signals. A dash character (-) at the end of a signal name indicates that the signal is low active. A low active signal is true when it is below ViL and is false when it is above ViH. A signal without a dash at the end indicates that the signal is high active. A high active signal is true when it is above ViH and is false when it is below ViL.
Chapter 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The chapter summarizes the general functions and key features of the DiamondMax 16 60/80/120/160 hard disk drive, as well as the applicable standards and regulations. 2.1 Product Overview Maxtor hard disk drives are 1-inch high, 3.5-inch diameter random access storage devices which incorporate an on-board Ultra ATA/133 interface controller. High capacity is achieved by a balanced combination of high areal recording density and the latest data encoding and servo techniques.
Product Description • Auto park and lock actuator mechanism • Low power consumption • Maxtor Quiet Drive Technology • SMART Capability Note: Maxtor defines 1 Gigabyte (GB) as 109 or 1,000,000,000 bytes of data. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. 2.3 Product Features Functional/Interface Maxtor hard drives contain all necessary mechanical and electronic parts to interpret control signals and commands from an AT-compatible host computer.
Product Description MODELS CYL HD SPT MAX LBA CAPACITY 4R060J0/L0 119,150 16 63 120,103,200 60GB 4R080J0/L0 158,816 16 63 160,086,528 80GB 4R120L0 238,216 16 63 240,121,728 120GB 4R160L0 4A160J0 317,632 16 63 320,173,056 160GB Logical Block Addressing The Logical Block Address (LBA) mode can only be utilized in systems that support this form of translation. The cylinder, head and sector geometry of the drive, as presented to the host, differs from the actual physical geometry.
Product Description Software ECC Correction 24 symbols, single burst, guaranteed Automatic Park and Lock Operation Immediately following power down, dynamic braking of the spinning disks delays momentarily allowing the read/write heads to move to an inner mechanical stop. A small fixed magnet holds the rotary actuator in place as the disk spins down. The rotary actuator is released only when power is again applied. 2.
Product Description 2.5 Major HDA Components Drive Mechanism A brushless DC direct drive motor rotates the spindle at 5400 RPM (±0.1%). The dynamically balanced motor/spindle assembly ensures minimal mechanical run-out to the disks. A dynamic brake provides a fast stop to the spindle motor upon power removal. The speed tolerance includes motor performance and motor circuit tolerances.
Product Description • Servo • SMART • 48-bit addressing 2.6 Subsystem Configuration Dual Drive Support Two drives may be accessed via a common interface cable, using the same range of I/O addresses. The drives have a jumper configuration as device 0 or 1 (Master/ Slave), and are selected by the drive select bit in the Device/Head register of the task file. All Task File registers are written in parallel to both drives.
Product Description J49 J50 JUMPER CONFIGURATION Master/Slave Only drive in single drive system Master drive in dual drive system Slave drive in dual drive system J43 J44 J41 J42 O O O C Cylinder Limitation Disabled* Enabled O C Factory Reserved 2.
Chapter 3 PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS 3.1 Models and Capacities MODELS 4R060J0/L0 4R080J0/L0 4R120L0 4R160L0 4A160J0 Formatted Capacity (GB LBA Mode) 60GB 80GB 120GB 160GB GB means 1 billion bytes. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. The Maxtor DiamondMax16 at 160GB capacity exceeds the 137GB capacity barrier imposed by the 28 bit addressing schemes common to many current BIOS and drivers.
Product Specifications 3.2 Drive Configuration MODELS Sectors per Drive (max LBA) 60GB 80GB 120GB 160GB 120,103,200 160,086,528 240,121,728 320,173,056 Integrated Interface Maxtor Ultra ATA/133 (ATA-5/ATA-6) Recording Method PRML Servo Type Embedded Number of Servo Sectors 256 Data Zones per Surface 16 Data Sectors per Track (ID/OD) 581/1126 Areal Density (Gbits/in2 max ID/OD) Flux Density (kfci, ID/OD) Recording Density (kbpi, ID/OD) 45.8/40.
Product Specifications 3.3 Performance Specifications MODELS 60GB 80GB 120GB 160GB Seek Times (typical read, ms) Track-to-Track <1.0 Average (normal seek) ≤12.6 Full Stroke (normal seek) 24.0 Average Latency (ms) 5.55 Controller Overhead (ms) <0.3 Rotation Speed (RPM ±0.1%) 5400 Data Transfer Speed (MByte/sec max) To/From Interface (Maxtor Ultra ATA/133, up to) To/From Media (ID/OD up to nn.n, where nn.n is the maximum transfer rate possible) Sustained (ID/OD up to nn.n, where nn.
Product Specifications PARAMETER VALUE Weight (maximum in grams) < 610 grams Figure 3-1 Outline and Mounting Dimensions 3-4 Maxtor DiamondMax16 60/80/120/160GB
Product Specifications 3.5 Power Requirements MODE 12V (MA) 5V (MA) POWER (W) 1779 715 24.9 Seek 587 628 10.2 Read/Write 280 591 6.3 Idle 224 582 5.7 Standby 41 116 1.1 Sleep 41 115 1.1 Spin-up (peak) 3.6 Power Mode Definitions Spin-up The drive is spinning up following initial application of power and has not yet reached full speed. Seek A random access operation by the drive. Read/Write Data is being read from or written to the drive.
Product Specifications 3.8 Environmental Limits PARAMETER NON-OPERATING/ STORAGE OPERATING 5° C to 55° C (with no ARR impact) 0° C to 60° C (margin demonstrated1) Temperature low temperature (-40° C) high temperature (71° C) per MIL-STD-810E, method 501.3, climatic category; hot-induced conditions.
Product Specifications 3.9 Shock and Vibration PARAMETER OPERATING NON-OPERATING Mechanical Shock R=0.988/shock at 60 Gs; R= 0.999/shock at 30 Gs 2 msec, 1/2 sine R=0.90@>= 300G 1 disk R=0.95@>= 250G, 1 disk R=0.99@>= 200G, 1 disk Rotational Shock R=0.988 @ 2000 rad/sec2 R=0.95 @ 20K rad/sec2, 0.5ms to 1ms input R=0.99 @ 15K rad/sec2, 0.5ms to 1ms input Rotational Random Vibration 5 - 2000 Hz 4.51 rad/sec2 Overall RMS 2 - 300 Hz 96.5 rad/sec2 RMS Random Vibration 5 - 2000 Hz 0.
Product Specifications 3.10 Reliability Specifications Annualized Return Rate <1.0% Annualized Return Rate (ARR) indicates the average against products shipped. Start/Stop Cycles >50,000 This indicates the average minimum cycles for reliable start/stop function. R=0.9998@ >4500, R=0.9995 @ >7500, R=0.5 @ >= 50000 Data Reliability <1 per 10e15 bits read Data errors (non-recoverable). Average data error rate allowed with all error recovery features activated.
Product Specifications 3.11.2 Canadian Emissions Statement This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the radio interference regulations of the Canadian department of communications.
Chapter 4 HANDLING AND INSTALLATION 4.1 Hard Drive Handling Precautions • If the handling precautions are not followed, damage to the hard drive may result whichmay void the warranty. • During handling, NEVER drop, jar, or bump a drive. Handle the drive by its sides and avoid touching the printed circuit board assembly (PCBA). • Hard drives are sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage. Use proper ESD practices by grounding yourself and the computer system the hard drive will be installed in.
Handling and Installation Multi-department committee Evaluate and improve Employee training Educate and inform ESD program supplies typically include: wrist- and foot-worn grounding straps; counter-top and floor antistatic matting; wrist strap testers; ESD video and training materials. Sources for such supplies include: Static Control Systems – 3M 225-4S, 3M Center St. Paul, MN 55144 Desco-Charleswater 3651 Walnut Avenue Chino, CA 91710 Phone: (909) 627-8178 Fax: (909) 627-7449 www.charleswater.
Handling and Installation Figure 4-1 Single Pack Shipping Container Maxtor DiamondMax16 60/80/120/160GB 4-3
Handling and Installation 20-pack cover BC label (facing up) Product in sealed static shielding bag 20-pack tray Sleeve Carton Carton tape Figure 4-2 20-Pack Shipping Container 4-4 Maxtor DiamondMax16 60/80/120/160GB
Handling and Installation 4.4 Repacking If a Maxtor drive requires return, repack it using Maxtor packing materials, including the antistatic bag. 4.5 Physical Installation The detailed installation instructions for Maxtor hard drives are provided in the Installation Guide. To obtain a copy of the Installation Guide please visit Maxtor’s web site at www.maxtor.com and select the product family to view or download the correct installation information for this product.
Chapter 5 ATA BUS INTERFACE AND ATA COMMANDS This chapter describes the interface between Maxtor DiamondMax16 hard disk drives and the ATA bus. The commands that are issued from the host to control the drive are listed, as well as the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the interface. 5.1 INTRODUCTION Maxtor DiamondMax16 hard disk drives use the standard ATA/ATAPI interface. Support of various options in the standard are explained in the following sections. 5.2 MECHANICAL INTERFACE 5.2.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands 5.4 REGISTER ADDRESS DECODING The Maxtor DiamondMax16 hard disk drives allow their host systems to address the full set of command and control registers as specified in clause 7 of the ATA/ATAPI6 standard. This includes the 48-bit Address feature set described in clause 6. 5.5 COMMAND INTERFACE 5.5.1 General Feature Set The µProcessor, Disk Controller, and ATA Interface electronics are contained in a proprietary ASIC developed by Maxtor. 5.5.
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Code Command Feature Register Value(s) READ DMA C8h, C9h READ LONG 22h, 23h READ MULTIPLE C4h READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS F8h READ SECTOR(S) 20h, 21h READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) 40h, 41h SECURITY DISABLE PASSWORD F6h SECURITY ERASE PREPARE F3h SECURITY ERASE UNIT F4h SECURITY FREEZE LOCK F5H SECURITY SET PASSWORD F1h SECURITY UNLOCK F2h SEEK 70h SET FEATURES EFh Note 1 SET MAX ADDRESS F9h 00h SET MAX SET PASSWO
ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Table 5-1 Supported Commands Command Command Code Feature Register Value(s) SMART READ DATA B0h D0h SMART READ LOG B0h D5h SMART RETURN STATUS B0h DAh SMART SAVE ATTRIBUTE VALUES B0h D3h SMART WRITE LOG B0h D6h STANDBY 96h, E2h STANDBY IMMEDIATE 94h, E0h WRITE BUFFER E8h WRITE DMA CAh, CBh WRITE MULTIPLE C5h WRITE PIO OVERLAP 34h WRITE SECTOR(S) 30h, 31h Note: 1. As defined in the ATA/ATAPI-6 standard.
Chapter 6 SERVICE AND SUPPORT 6.1 Product Support/Technical Assistance/Customer Service For Product Service and Support Information please visit our site at: www.maxtor.com for warranty service or www.maxtorkb.com for technical support.
Appendix A BREAKING THE 137 GIGABYTE STORAGE BARRIER This appendix provides information about the 137GB storage barrier. It discusses the history, cause and the solution to overcome this barrier. A.1 Breaking the 137 Gigabyte Storage Barrier Capacity barriers have been a fact of the personal computer world since its beginnings in the early 1980’s. At least 10 different capacity barriers have occurred in the storage industry over the last 15 years.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier device storage capacity by the people who designed hard disk structures, access routines, and operating systems many years ago. They thought, “Who will ever have xxx much storage?” In some cases, the barriers were caused by hardware or software bugs not found until hard disks had grown in size beyond a certain point where the bugs would occur.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier 10,000,000 1,000,000 Win2000 WinME 100,000 WinXP Win98 33GB Win95(osr2) 8GB 10,000 Win95A Win 3.x 1,000 DOS 5.x 100 137GB 528MB 4.x 3.x 10MB 10 1980 10 megabytes:early 16 megabytes: 32 megabytes: 128 megabytes: 528 megabytes: 2.1 gigabytes: 4.2 gigabytes: 8.4 gigabytes: 32 gigabytes: 4GB 2GB 128MB 32MB 16MB 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 PC/XT limit FAT 12 limit DOS 3.x limit DOS 4.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier A.1.2 Solving the 137 Gigabyte Capacity Barrier As described earlier, the issue causing the 137-gigabyte barrier is the 28bit addressing method of the original ATA specification. A change to expand this method was required to provide more address bits for the interface, allowing significant growth for many years to come. A critical issue in expanding the addressing capability was maintaining compatibility with the existing installed base of products.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier A.1.5 What Else is Involved? Effort is required from OS vendors to increase storage device addressing up to 48 bits or more. This increase will be a significant challenge for many OS vendors that have 32-bit code models. Adapting to 48-bit commands will be easy, but most vendors will stop filling data at the 32bit boundary and pad the upper 16 bits with zeros, leaving that space empty.
Breaking the 137GB Storage Barrier a little more than 30 pages of text • 33 megabytes = 33,000,000 bytes more than 8,000 pages of text or 25 300-page books • 137 gigabytes = 137,000,000,000 bytes more than 100,000 books, or the contents of a good library • 2.2 terabytes = 2,200,000,000,000 bytes almost 2,000,000 books, or the about content of the Library of Congress • 144 petabytes = 144,000,000,000,000,000 bytes 120 billion books – (more than all that man has written) • 9.
GLOSSARY A ACCESS – (v) Read, write, or update information on some storage medium, such as a disk. (n) One of these operations. ACCESS TIME – The interval between the time a request for data is made by the system and the time the data is available from the drive. Access time includes the actual seek time, rotational latency, and command processing overhead time. See also seek, rotational latency, and overhead.
Glossary BLOCK – A sector or group of sectors. By default, a block of data consists of 512 bytes. BPI – Abbreviation for bits per inch. A measure of how densely information is packed on a storage medium. Flux changes per inch is also a term commonly used in describing storage density on a magnetic surface. CONTROLLER CARD – An adapter holding the control electronics for one or more hard disks, usually installed in a slot in the computer. CPU – Acronym for Central Processing Unit.
Glossary DISK CONTROLLER – A plug-in board, or embedded circuitry on the drive, that passes information to and from the disk. The Maxtor disk drives all have controllers embedded on the drive printed-circuit board. tells the operating system which sectors are allocated to each file and in what order. DISKWARE – The program instructions and data stored on the disk for use by a processor. FILE SERVER – A computer that provides network stations with controlled access to shareable resources.
Glossary forms the interface between a particular type of computer system bus and the disk drive. G I GIGABYTE (GB) – One billion bytes (one thousand megabytes). INITIALIZE – See low level formatting. GUIDE RAILS – Plastic strips attached to the sides of a disk drive mounted in an IBM AT and compatible computers so that the drive easily slides into place. INITIATOR – A SCSI device that requests another SCSI device to perform an operation.
Glossary K KILOBYTE (K) – A unit of measure consisting of 1,024 (210) bytes. L LANDING ZONE – A position inside the disk’s inner cylinder in a non data area reserved as a place to rest the heads during the time that power is off. Using this area prevents the heads from touching the surface in data areas upon power down, adding to the data integrity and reliability of the disk drive.
Glossary M MB – See megabyte. MEDIA – The magnetic film that is deposited or coated on an aluminum substrate which is very flat and in the shape of a disk. The media is overcoated with a lubricant to prevent damage to the heads or media during head take off and landing. The media is where the data is stored inside the disk in the form of magnetic flux or polarity changes. MEGABYTE (MB) – A unit of measurement equal to 1,024 kilobytes, or 1,048,576 bytes except when referring to disk storage capacity.
Glossary PLATED MEDIA – Disks that are covered with a hard metal alloy instead of an iron-oxide compound. Plated disks can store greater amounts of data in the same area as a coated disk. PLATTER – An disk made of metal (or other rigid material) that is mounted inside a fixed disk drive. Most drives use more than one platter mounted on a single spindle (shaft) to provide more data storage surfaces in a small package.
Glossary which is more accurate than stepper motors. ROTATIONAL LATENCY – The delay between when the controller starts looking for a specific block of data on a track and when that block rotates around to where it can be read by the read/write head. On the average, it is half of the time needed for a full rotation (about 8 ms.).
Glossary bits to be stored per disk. TPI – Acronym for tracks per inch. The number of tracks or cylinders that are written in each inch of travel across the surface of a disk. TRACK – One of the many concentric magnetic circle patterns written on a disk surface as a guide to where to store and read the data. TRACK DENSITY – How closely the tracks are packed on a disk surface. The number is specified as tracks per inch (TPI).
