MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Operation Manual v 2.8 1 Confidential and Proprietary, ©MaxStream, Inc.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Table of Contents FCC Compliance...............................................................................4 FCC Qualifications ...........................................................................4 Warranty ...........................................................................................6 Overview ............................................................................................7 Features.....................................
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Glossary ...........................................................................................26 Application Notes............................................................................30 Appendix A – Packaging Information ........................................................34 Appendix B – J1/J2 Pin Descriptions ..........................................................35 Appendix C – Specifications .........................................
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 FCC Compliance FCC NOTICE WARNING: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. LABELING REQUIREMENTS WARNING: The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that FCC labeling requirements are met.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 FCC Qualifications IMPORTANT: The 9XSTREAM module has been certified by the FCC for integration into OEM products without any further certification (as per FCC section 2.1091.) Changes or modifications not expressly approved by MaxStream could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. In order to fulfill the certification requirements, however, the OEM must comply with FCC regulations: 1.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 RF EXPOSURE WARNING: This equipment is approved for mobile / base station applications When using the 9Xstream with mobile or base station antennas, a minimum separation distances of 20 centimeters or more must be maintained. To ensure compliance, operation at distances closer than this is not recommended. The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in manuals for OEM products to alert users on FCC RF Exposure compliance.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Overview The 9XStream 12, 96, and 192 modules are 100-milliwatt, frequency-hopping wireless modules that allow wireless communication between equipment using a standard asynchronous serial data stream. The half-duplex transmission of the 9XStream can sustain a continuous data stream at the specified data rate.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Features • • • • • • • Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) technology Noise and interference resistance Enhanced sensitivity and range Multiple Low-power modes (down to 1 Microamp) Standard serial digital interface connection Built-in Networking and addressing Simple AT command interface Simple Product Integration The 9XStream doesn’t require previous knowledge of RF operation.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Serial Port Operation The 9XStream modules come equipped with a CMOS-level asynchronous serial port, which provides direct communication with any device having a UART interface (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter). The serial port can also communicate with a COM port on a personal computer, or other RS-232 port via the MaxStream interface board.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 DI (Data In) – Pin 4 (Input) Data enters the 9XStream on the DI pin as an asynchronous serial signal. The serial signal is idle (high) when no data is being transmitted. Each data packet consists of a start bit (low), 8 data bits, and a stop bit (high) as shown below in Figure 3. Figure 3 The 9XStream modules transfer exactly 8-bits over the air.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 DO (Data Out) – Pin 3 (Output) Data received from over-the-air transmissions is checked for errors and then sent to the DO pin. CTS – Pin 1 (Output) The CTS pin (clear to send) informs the host device whether or not serial data can be sent to the 9XStream module. When CTS registers as low, serial data can be sent to the 9XStream module. All incoming serial data is stored in a data buffer until the next data packet is transmitted (over-the-air).
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 RTS/CMD – Pin 5 (Input) RTS The RTS signal (request to send) is not implemented for flow control with the 9XStream modules. All received data (over-the-air) is sent out the serial port regardless of the RTS signal. CMD The 9XStream comes with a variety of configurable settings including power-saving modes and network addressing options. This pin may be used as a way to manually configure the 9XStream module.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Modes of Operation The 9XStream wireless module features several modes of operation that allow the module to be responsive to data and yet utilize minimum power. The figure below shows these modes, followed by a comprehensive look into each and the necessary conditions for the 9XStream module to transition from one mode to another. Figure 4 Idle Mode The 9XStream module operates in Idle Mode when there is no data being transmitted or received.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Transmit Mode (cont.) Data Validity section for more information). The first data packet contains all bytes that accumulated in the data buffer while the header was being sent. After the first data packet is sent, another header will be sent if data is available in the buffer. The header is followed by another data packet.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Data Validity To verify data integrity, a 16-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is computed for the transmitted data and attached to the end of each data packet before transmission. The receiver will then compute the CRC on all incoming data. Any received data that has an invalid CRC is discarded. Transmission Latency The length of time required to send a packet of data depends on the number of bytes being sent and the baud rate.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Receive Mode If over-the-air data is present at the RF receiver when the module is in Idle Mode, it will transition to Receive Mode and start receiving packets. Once a packet is received, it goes through a CRC (cyclic redundancy check) to ensure that the data was transmitted correctly. If the CRC data bits on the incoming packet are invalid, the packet is discarded. If the CRC is valid, the packet is sent to the serial port via the DO pin.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Receive Mode (cont.) The module will remain in Receive Mode until an error is detected in the received data, or data is no longer transmitted, at which point, the module transitions to Idle Mode. If serial data was stored in the data buffer while the module was in Receive Mode, the data will be transmitted after the module returns to Idle Mode.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Cyclic Sleep (SM=3-7) If the Cyclic Sleep setting is enabled, the 9XStream module goes into Sleep Mode after a user-defined period of inactivity (no transmission or reception on the RF channel). The user-defined period may be set by adjusting the ST parameter (see the ST command in the 9XStream Commands Table – Appendix E). The module remains in Sleep Mode for a user-defined period of time ranging from 0.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Figure 7a – The length of the long header is not as long as the period of Cyclic Sleep. It is possible for the receiver to wake and miss the header (and the data packet) in this scenario. Figure 7b – The length of the long header exceeds the period of Cyclic Sleep. The receiver is guaranteed to detect and receive the data packet.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Command Mode (cont.) In these examples, sent or received ASCII characters are marked in quotations. Quotation marks should not be included when sending commands to the 9XStream modules. Carriage Returns (ASCII character 13) will be denoted as . Binary values are represented in this document with < and >. These characters are also not sent as part of the actual command.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 AT Commands (cont.) A modified AT value is reset upon module power-down unless the WR command is issued to save the parameter to non-volatile memory. To query the current value of a particular command, send the corresponding AT command without any parameters (carriage return, however, is still sent). The response will be the current value of that command reported as a hexadecimal number.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Binary Commands (cont.) Note: When parameters are sent, they are always two bytes long with the Least Significant Byte sent first. When they are read, they are 1 or 2 bytes long as indicated in the 9XStream Command Table (Appendix E). Binary Command Mode allows multiple commands to be sent in sequence. When the RTS/CMD pin is asserted, all incoming serial data will be interpreted as commands.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Networking and Addressing The 9XStream modules utilize three levels of addressing to communicate between modules. This networking hierarchy is depicted in Figure 8 below. Only modules with the matching addresses are able to communicate. The three methods of addressing are: Vendor Identification number, Networks, and Module Addresses. Figure 8 – Layout of a typical network configuration.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Networks Within each VID, there are seven available networks. Each network utilizes a different pseudo-random hopping sequence to navigate through the shared hopping channels. In the event that two modules from different networks collide on a channel (because they hop in a different sequence) the two modules will jump to separate channels on the next hop.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Module Address Mask (cont.) Packets with a Transmitter Module Address of FFFFH are received by all modules (as shown below in Figure 9). A Transmitter Module Address that matches the Module Address Mask is called a Global Address. Figure 9 – Demonstration of Module Address comparison at receiver. FFFFH logically “ANDed” with any Module Address Mask will equal the Module Address Mask.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Glossary AT commands – A set of commands that can be used to customize and configure the 9XStream module to meet specific needs. AT commands are sent via a serial communications program such as HyperTerminal. Binary commands – A set of commands used to configure the 9XStream module. Binary commands are sent with RTS/CMD asserted. The RT command must be used to enable binary programming prior to using binary commands.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Glossary (cont.) Data validity – Act of comparing received data with transmitted data to ensure accurate transmission. Data validity is verified by performing a CRC check. DI pin – All incoming serial data enters the 9XStream module on the Data In (DI) pin (Pin 4). DO pin – All received over-the-air data leaves the 9XStream module through the Data Out (DO) pin (Pin 3). The data can then be sent to a microcontroller or RS232 device.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Glossary (cont.) Integration – The process of incorporating the 9XStream module into an application in place of a serial cable. Interface board – An optional board available with the 9XStream module that converts RS-232-level data into CMOS logic levels.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Glossary (cont.) Serial data – Data that enters the 9XStream module through its serial port. Serial port sleep – A Sleep Mode setting in which module runs in a low power state until data is detected on the DI pin. This setting must be enabled using the SM command. Sleep Mode – A mode of operation in which the 9XStream enters a low power consuming state. Several Sleep Mode settings are available and can be configured using the SM command.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Application Notes Why does Sensitivity Matter? Receiver sensitivity is the lowest power level at which the receiver can detect a wave and demodulate data. Sensitivity is purely a receiver specification and is independent of the transmitter. As the wave propagates away from the transmitter, it attenuates as the distance increases.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Range (meters) Received Power Detectable by 9XStream module Detectable by commercial radio 100 500 1000 3000 5000 8000 10000 11265 (7 miles) 12000 -68.526 dBm -82.506 dBm -88.526 dBm -92.048 dBm -102.506 dBm -106.588 dBm -108.526 dBm YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES YES NO NO NO NO -109.559 dBm YES NO -110.805 dBm NO NO Since the range doubles every 6dB, the 20dB sensitivity difference in radios corresponds to 2^(20/6) = 10.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Experiment 1 – Byte Transmission (cont.) From Figures A1 and A2, it is evident that the sync timer parameter can save significant amounts of time by reducing the header length. As shown in Figure A1, the first byte, which included synchronization information in the header, was sent and received in 41.4 ms. Once the modules were synchronized, the second byte transmission did not have the synchronization information included in the header.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Experiment 2 – Data Transmission Figure B2 – Plot of transmitted and received data after setting the SY parameter to 20. In Figure B1, where synchronization information was transmitted with the data, 54.0 ms was required to transmit each packet to the receiver. After adjusting the SY parameter to stop sending synchronization information in the preamble, Figure B2 shows that the same data transmission occurred in only 26.8 ms.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix A – Packaging Information Top view diagram of the 9XStream module with pin layout and dimensions. 34 Confidential and Proprietary, ©MaxStream, Inc.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix B – J1/J2 Pin Descriptions Pin No. Pin Name CTS I/O Type O PU SLEEP (PWRDN) I PU DO (Data Out) DI (Data In) O PU _____ 1 2 3 4 5 RTS/CMD ________ 6 RESET 7 RXLED ___ 8 TX/PWR _______ CONFIG 9 I I PD I PU O Description Active Clear to Send flow control low Can be used to enter Sleep Mode (See “Modes of Operation” section for details.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix C – Specifications X09-009 X09-019 General Frequency Range Type Frequency Control Transport Protocol 902 to 928 MHz, unlicensed ISM Band Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Transceiver Direct FM Various Monitoring and Addressing Modes – see “Networking and Addressing” section Channel Capacity Serial Data Interface Serial Interface Baud Rate Hops through 25 channels. Features 7 different hop sequences.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix D – Product Listing (cont.) Antennas Product Code Gain (dBi) Frequency Range (MHz) Feed Connect or Description A09-Y6 A09-Y7 A09-Y8 A09-Y9 A09-Y10 A09-Y11 A09-Y12 A09-Y13 A09-Y14 A09-Y15 6.2 7.2 8.2 9.2 10.2 11.2 12.2 13.2 14.2 15.2 Yagi Antennas 896 – 980 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF 902 – 928 RPSMAF A09-W7 7.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 AT Command Binary Command Number Version # Bytes Returned Factory Default Appendix E – 9XStream Commands DT 0 4.08 Set the Module Address. (Only modules with the same address can communicate.) Range: 0 – FFFFH 2 0 SM 1 4.08 Adjust Sleep Mode Setting 1 0 ST 2 4.08 2 64H HT 3 4.08 Range: 0 – FFFFH (tenths of a second) 2 FFFFH BT 4 4.08 Set time to Sleep.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 AT Command Binary Command Number Version # Bytes Returned Factory Default Appendix E – 9XStream Commands (cont.) CN 9 4.08 Exit AT Command Mode. NA NA NA E1 11 4.08 Enable character echo in AT command mode. NA NA NA 12 4.08 Transmit header time. Used to adjust the length of the long header. Range: 0 – FFH (tenths of a second) 1 1H FH 13 4.08 Force header on next transmit. NA NA NA RE 14 4.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 AT Command Binary Command Number Version # Bytes Returned Factory Default Appendix E – 9XStream Commands (cont.) VR 20 4.08 Firmware version NA 2 NA BD 21 4.08 Range: 1 - 6 1 - 2400 2 - 4800 3 - 9600 4 - 19200 5 - 38400 6 - 57600 1 RT 22 4.10 0 – Disable binary programming. 1 – Enable binary programming. 1 0 SY 23 4.12 Set Serial Baud Rate (bps). Use to adjust the serial port baud rate.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix F – Timing Diagrams Pin Timings Sleep Mode Timings 42 Confidential and Proprietary, ©MaxStream, Inc.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix G – Electrical Characteristics DC Characteristics (Vcc=4.75V to 5.25V) Symbol VIL VIH VIH2 VOL VOH IIL IIH Parameter Condition Min Input Low Voltage Input High Voltage All input signals Input High Voltage Output Low Voltage Output High Voltage Input Leakage Current I/O Pin Input Leakage Current I/O Pin ________ (Except RESET) ________ (RESET) IIL3 IIH2 43 Max Units -0.5 0.3*Vcc V 0.6*Vcc Vcc+0.5 V 0.9*Vcc Vcc+0.5 V 0.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix G – Electrical Characteristics (cont.) AC Characteristics Pin Timings (SY=0) Symbol Description X09-019 19200 Timing* (B = Number of Bytes) TR1 TTA1 TTA2 TP1 TP2 TP3 TTL1 TTL2 44 Latency from the time data is transmitted until received. 54 ms Latency from when serial data enters the DI pin to when it is actually transmitted overthe-air. Latency of overthe-air data transmission. Time duration of header bits in data packet.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 AC Characteristics Pin Timings (SY=0) (cont.) Symbol Description X09-019 19200 Timing* (B = Number of Bytes) TRL1 TRL2 Time from when data packet is transmitted until RXLED pin first goes high on receiver. Time that RXLED pin is driven low (when yellow LED flashes). X09009 9600 Timing* (B = Number of Bytes) (T measured in ms) 40.6 ms For all B, T=39.6 ms 44.5 ms For all B, T=44.5 ms 13.6 ms For 0
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 T=13.2 ms T=23.2 ms For 28
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Cyclic Sleep Mode Timings Symbol T∆S TSL TC 47 Description Time when module is listening for a valid header to start receiving data. Time where the 9XStream is in its low power cyclic sleep. This time is adjustable using the SM command. Total period between successive pulses of the module awakening from Sleep Mode. This value is dependent on the setting of the SM command. 19200-baud 100 ms 9600-baud 100 ms 0.5 seconds 1.0 seconds 2.0 seconds 4.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix H – Sleep Mode Settings Sleep Settings No Sleep Mode Pin Sleep Transition to Sleep Mode None. The module remains in Idle Mode. (Default Setting) High on SLEEP pin (pin 2). Serial Port Sleep Automatic transition after a user-defined period of module inactivity (no transmitting or receiving of data). Set by ST command. Automatic transition after a user-defined period of module inactivity (no transmitting or receiving of data). Set by ST command.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Appendix I – Module Part Numbers 49 Confidential and Proprietary, ©MaxStream, Inc.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 50 Confidential and Proprietary, ©MaxStream, Inc.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Using the 9XStream Development Kit Introduction: Use this development kit to experience the extended range and ease of use of the MaxStream 9XStream module. This module transmits data at either 9600 or 19200 bits per second (see FCC label on module shield) in the license-free 900MHz ISM band. See how simple it is to communicate with the module using asynchronous serial communications by following the instructions below.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Instructions: 1. Assemble and Connect Interface Boards to computers. a. Connect the modules to the Interface Boards by fitting the 4 and 11-pin connectors into their respective female headers. b. Attach the male sides of one of the DB-9 Connecting Cables to the female DB-9 jacks on the Interface Boards. c. Attach the female side of a DB-9 connecting cable to an available RS232 port on the back of Computer 1.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Instructions (cont.) Figure 3 – COM Properties Dialogue Box 3. Test Connection a. Place cursor in HyperTerminal window of Computer 1 and type a message. Notice that text appears only in the window of Computer 2 and text typed on Computer 2 appears only on Computer 1. This text is being transferred over the air by the 9XStream modules. b. Transfer the file RAT.TXT i.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 Instructions (cont.) ii. On Computer 2: Select Transfer menu -> Receive File. Select a folder in which to place the file and select Protocol: Ymodem (see figure 5). Press Receive. iii. The file will begin to transfer and any errors or retries will be accounted for. Touch the antennas and move the modules around to notice that errors or retries do occur under certain circumstances. iv. When the transfer completes, open RAT.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.
MaxStream 9XStream™ Wireless OEM Module Manual v2.8 56 Confidential and Proprietary, ©MaxStream, Inc.
