KeyStudio 49-Note USB Keyboard Controller User Guide
Table of Contents Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 What’s in the Box?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
| KeyStudio User Guide 3 Introduction 1 Congratulations on your purchase of M-Audio KeyStudio: a 49-key full-size, velocity sensitive USB keyboard designed for easy integration with your Mac OS X computer. KeyStudio can be used with a multitude of music creation applications including GarageBand, Logic Express, and Logic Pro.
KeyStudio User Guide | 4 Minimum System Requirements 5 Mac OS < Macintosh G3 800/G4 733 MHz or higher* (CPU speed requirement may be higher for laptops) < OS X 10.3.9 with 256 MB RAM < OS X 10.4.3 or greater with 512 MB RAM < One native USB port *G3/G4 accelerator cards are not supported. M-Audio suggests you also check the minimum system requirements for any third-party software applications you plan on using with your new M-Audio hardware, as they may be greater than the above.
KeyStudio User Guide | 5 Getting Started with Music Creation Software 7 If you are new to MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface), you may find it challenging to understand why sounds have not simply been included in the keyboard. You will find that using a software-based sound source and recording system allows for access to an extremely large array of high quality sounds, a large graphic user interface, and freedom to work with many music creation applications.
KeyStudio User Guide | 6 Pitch Bend Wheel As the name indicates, the Pitch Bend wheel is usually used to bend the notes played on the keyboard up or down. This allows you to play phrases not normally associated with keyboard playing, including guitar-style riffs. Your sound source determines how far you can bend the note. The usual setting is two semitones but can be up to two octaves up or down. Modulation Wheel The Modulation wheel is typically used for modulation of the sound you are playing.
KeyStudio User Guide | 7 Advanced Functions in Edit Mode Octave Buttons Options The Octave “<” and “>” buttons can be assigned to control one of six possible MIDI functions: • Octave Shift • Program Change • Bank MSB • Transpose • Bank LSB • MIDI Channel Change In the diagram above, the first six black keys are labeled “DATA = OCTAVE, DATA = TRANSPOSE, DATA = PROGRAM, DATA = BANK LSB, DATA = BANK MSB, and DATA = CHANNEL.
KeyStudio User Guide | 8 Another method of shifting KeyStudio’s octaves is with the use of the black keys labeled OCTAVE “+,” “-,” and “0” on the Advanced Functions in Edit Mode diagram. This octave shift method can be useful when the Octave buttons have been reassigned to control another MIDI function. 1. Press the Edit Mode button. 2. P ress the black key below B2 (Bb2). In Edit mode, this key functions as “OCTAVE +,” shifting the keyboard up one octave.
KeyStudio User Guide | 9 Program Change Program changes are used to change the instrument or voice you are controlling with your KeyStudio. Program change messages can be beneficial when using the KeyStudio keyboard to control MIDI sound modules or synthesizers. Some music software applications support these messages, however, others do not. Check your software’s User Guide to find out if it can process program change messages.
KeyStudio User Guide | 10 As with Program changes, if the Octave “<” and “>” buttons are selected to vary the Bank LSB or MSB number (Method 1), the lights above the buttons will not change, since it is not possible to have a Bank with a negative value. Pressing both the “<” and “>” buttons together will recall Bank 0. Bank change messages must be followed by a program change message in order to recall a sound.
KeyStudio User Guide | 11 As an example, let’s assign effect number 10 to the Modulation wheel. This means the Modulation wheel will control Pan (or balance). To do this: 1. Press the Edit Mode button. 2. Press the black key above C4 (C#4), representing “WHEEL ASSIGN.” 3. Press A3 to enter “1.” 4. Press G3 to enter “0” so you have entered “10.” 5. Press C5 for “ENTER.
| KeyStudio User Guide 12 MIDI Messages In-Depth 10 Program & Bank Changes When the MIDI standard was first established, it enabled the user to access only 128 different sounds using program change messages (0-127). As MIDI devices grew to be more sophisticated and contain more sounds, bank change messages were included in an updated MIDI specification to allow for more than 128 sounds to be accessed.
KeyStudio User Guide | 13 You will find many MIDI devices respond to program change commands and many are organized according to the GM listing. In General MIDI devices, different sounds are organized in the same way from device to device. Piano sounds are in their particular place, string sounds are in their place, drum sounds are in their place, and so on.
| KeyStudio User Guide 14 Troubleshooting 11 KeyStudio has been tested in a wide range of systems and operating conditions. However, there are virtually limitless numbers of operating scenarios, any of which could affect your system’s performance. Though this section cannot cover all possible situations you may encounter, we would like to offer some suggestions for dealing with possible problems.
KeyStudio User Guide | 15 Useful MIDI-Specific Troubleshooting Features 12 KeyStudio has been designed to make working with MIDI on your computer as simple as possible. However, sometimes things can go wrong. To counter this, there are two useful MIDI functions. All Notes Off Use this if you find there are sustaining notes that you cannot stop. To send an “All Notes Off” MIDI message: 1. Press the Edit Mode button. 2. Press the black key above D3 (D# 3), representing “ALL NOTES OFF.” 3.
| KeyStudio User Guide 16 Appendices - Useful MIDI Data 13 Appendix A - General MIDI Instruments PLEASE NOTE: The following table lists all General MIDI patch names using numbers from 0 – 127. Be advised that some GM modules count their sound patches from 1 – 128 instead. Both methods are common. As a result, and depending on the sound module you use, there may be an offset of -1 between the sent program change number and the recalled sound patch.
| KeyStudio User Guide Appendix B - Standard MIDI Controller Numbers (MIDI CC’s) 00 Bank Select 40 Balance LSB 80 Gen Purpose 5 Channel Mode Messages: 01 Modulation 41 Controller 41 81 Gen Purpose 6 120 All Sound off 02 Breath Control 42 Pan LSB 82 Gen Purpose 7 121 Reset all Controllers 03 Controller 3 43 Expression LSB 83 Gen Purpose 8 122 Local Control 04 Foot Control 44 Controller 44 84 Portamento Control 123 All Notes Off 05 Porta Time 45 Controller 45 85 Controller 85 124 Omni
| KeyStudio User Guide 18 Appendix C - Additional RPN Messages You may have noticed that although we have stated there are 128 MIDI controller messages (0 – 127), Appendix B shows 132 assignable controller messages. This is because messages 128 – 131 are a different type of MIDI message, defined in the MIDI Specification as RPN messages. M-Audio has created four messages that are sent like MIDI CCs, but actually transmit a series of RPN messages.
| KeyStudio User Guide 19 Technical Info 15 Caution: Electro Static Discharge, Electrical Fast Transient and Conducted RF interference may cause the unit malfunctioning. In such case, unplug the unit and plug it in again to restore normal operation. Note: Your M-Audio product has been tested to comply with FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE. Modifications not authorized by the manufacturer may void user’s authority to operate this device.
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