Operation Manual PLM™ Series Powered Loudspeaker Management™ systems Rev 1.2.
Important Safety Instructions 1. Important Safety Instructions Before using the device, be sure to carefully read the Safety Instructions. Keep this document with the device at all times. 1.1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. Important Safety Instructions Read these instructions. Keep these instructions. Heed all warnings. Follow all instructions. Do not use this apparatus near water. Clean only with a dry cloth. Do not block any ventilation openings.
Important Safety Instructions 1.4 WARNING To reduce risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this apparatus to rain or moisture. Pour réduire les risques de blessure ou le choc électrique, n’exposez pas l’appareil à la pluie ou à l’humidité. Do not expose this system/apparatus to dripping or splashing and ensure that no objects filled with liquids, such as vases, are placed on the apparatus.
Important Safety Instructions ▸▸ Check if the affected unit complies with the EMC limits for immunity, (CE-labeled). If not, address the problem with the manufacturer or supplier. All electrical products sold in the EC must be approved for immunity against electromagnetic fields, high voltage flashes, and radio interference. ▸▸ Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. 1.7 User Responsibility 1.7.
Table of Contents 1. Important Safety Instructions ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������i 1.1 Important Safety Instructions ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� i 1.2 Standards ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� i 1.
7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.
Welcome 2. Welcome 2.1 Introduction Thank you for choosing the Lab.gruppen PLM Series of Powered Loudspeaker Management systems for your sound reinforcement needs. We are confident that you will be pleased with the performance, unique features, configuration flexibility, reliability, and long-term durability offered by this product.
Welcome 2.2.2.1 Input Gain (Sensitivity) Input gain (sensitivity) is set in the digital domain for PLM Series devices, and may be controlled via the Lake Controller software or front-panel interface. 2.2.2.2 ISVPL™ The Inter-Sample Voltage Peak Limiter (ISVPL) tailors each power output to the characteristics of the connected load. Please refer to section 5.3.1 for further information. 2.2.2.
Welcome Smaart, distributed and supported by Rational Acoustics, provides real-time sound system measurement, optimization and control. Smaart combines several powerful audio frequency measurement and analysis tools. Live-Capture, created by WaveCapture, offers easy-to-use software and measurement tools for sound engineers, installers, consultants and designers.
Installation 3. Installation 3.1 Unpacking Carefully open the shipping carton and check for any damage to the device or the supplied accessories. Every Lab.gruppen product is tested and inspected before leaving the factory and should arrive in perfect condition. If any damage is discovered, please notify the shipping company immediately. Only the consignee may initiate a claim with the carrier or their insurers for damage incurred during shipping.
Installation Figure 3-1: Rear Support Bracket and Mounting Hardware Figure 3-2: Use the Washer for Fixed Installations Figure 3-3: Use Tube for Slide-On Installation PLM Series Operation Manual rev 1.2.
Installation 3.3 3.3.1 Cooling Overview The PLM Series devices use a forced-air cooling system with airflow from front to rear, allowing high continuous power levels without thermal problems. Front-to-rear airflow is preferable as air at the front of a rack is cooler than that at the rear in nearly all situations; never attempt to reverse the airflow.
Installation The PLM uses primary switching, which means the mains power is rectified on the primary side of the transformer. This makes the power supply insensitive to mains frequency variation, and it will operate normally on line frequencies from 45 to 75 Hz.
Installation Use correctly-shielded balanced audio input connections to minimise hum and interference. Please refer to section 8.2.4 for further information. NEVER disconnect the earth (ground) pin on the mains cable (AC power cord). 8 PLM Series Operation Manual rev 1.2.
Product Overview 4. Product Overview This chapter provides and overview of key features and functionality. For further information please see chapters 5 to 10 of this Operation Manual. 4.1 Front Panel Overview Figure 4-1: PLM Front Panel Overview The front panel controls are clustered around a daylight readable LCD , allowing adjustment and monitoring of the majority parameters and meters.
Product Overview Display The display illuminates when the device is on. The LCD, function buttons, and the rotary encoder provide real-time control and monitoring of most parameters. The LEDs embedded in the function buttons indicate available menu options, provide confirmation of Controller communication, and indicate various faults and warnings. The brightness and contrast of the display and front panel LEDs can be adjusted via the front panel menu. Please refer to chapter 7 for further details.
Product Overview Please refer to chapter 7 for further details. Dynamic Function Buttons with LEDs (Right of LCD) The function of these buttons change according to the currently selected view or menu. ▸▸ In Menu Mode they are used for menu navigation and for parameter selection ▸▸ In Meter Mode they provide PLM output mute/unmute functionality in conjunction MUTE ENABLE All LEDs provides mute, clip, fault and warning indications for the PLM power outputs channels.
Product Overview 4.2 Back Panel Overview Figure 4-2: Back Panel Layout Options for a 4-channel PLM Figure 4-3: Back Panel Layout Options for a 2-channel PLM 12 PLM Series Operation Manual rev 1.2.
Product Overview 4.2.1 Input and Link Connectors Analog Inputs Analog inputs are available on two standard XLR3F latching connectors. The inputs are electronically balanced and feature Lake Iso-Float circuitry. The impedance is 20 kohms, and the inputs can accept a maximum input level of +26 dBu. Analog Links Two latching XLR3M connectors are fitted adjacent to the analog input connectors.
Product Overview Binding Posts In this version, the power outputs for loudspeaker connection are available on four separate pairs of fully enclosed binding posts. Bridge Mode can be enabled via the Lake Controller software, please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information. Channel configuration for the binding posts is dependent on the PLM model, please refer to section 8.1.3 of this Operation Manual for standard and Bridge Mode wiring.
Product Overview The Ethernet ports operate at the Ethernet data rate of 100 Mbps, and allow straight or crossed network cables. Two LEDs above each port indicate valid network connection (LINK) and network activity (ACT). Secondary Connector The secondary network connector can be used to daisy-chain multiple PLM Series, LM 26 and legacy Lake devices.
Operation and Performance 5. Operation and Performance This chapter provides comprehensive information on PLM Series connection, setup, operation and performance. The detailed information included here is essential to realizing the full functionality of the PLM Series devices. 5.1 Operation Precautions Make sure that the Standby button on the PLM’s front panel is either unlit (OFF), or red (STANDBY), before making any input or output connections.
Operation and Performance 5.2.2 Asymmetrical Power The PLM models can deliver power as shown in Table 5-2 when every other channel is driven 3 dB lower than the other. This can occur when the load on the individual power output channels within the amplifier contain different frequency ranges. Load Impedance (ohms) PLM 10000Q Max. Output power (Watts) PLM 14000 Max. Output power (Watts) PLM 20000Q Max. Output power (Watts) 2.0 2.
Operation and Performance In reality, when some channels are delivering less than maximum rated power, energy reserves in the PSU are available to permit other channels to deliver more power. The graph shows the peak output voltage over time for a continuous sine wave is applied.
Operation and Performance 5.3.1.2 High SPL Profiles High SPL profiles do not use the adaptive release time feature. High SPL profiles optimized for high frequencies use less of the look-ahead delay peak-rounding feature; this feature is used most in the Sub profile and least the HF profile.
Operation and Performance The ISVPL threshold may be set at any level between 17.8 V and 600 V via the PLM’s menu system. For further details, please refer to section 7.11.2.5 of this manual, and also to the PLM Series chapter in the Lake Controller User Manual. PLM devices that have a smaller peak output voltage can still set the ISVPL threshold up to 600 V. When a threshold is set above the maximum capability of a power output channel, the maximum ISVPL for that product will be automatically set.
Operation and Performance PAL activity is indicated by the LED within the first soft button adjacent to the display flashing red, together with a PAL ACTIVE warning message displayed on the screen. A warning is also displayed on the Lake Controller software. 5.3.3.2 PLM 20000Q The Power Average Limiter Active warning (PAL Active) will be displayed when the power supply’s maximum rated design parameters are reached.
Operation and Performance 5.3.6 Current Average Limiter (CAL™) The Current Average Limiter (CAL) monitors the RMS current drawn from each power output channel to ensure that the power output stages are not overloaded. When activated, it regulates the current to a safe level to protect the channel. The CAL should not be activated in normal usage, but if it is, its operation is indicated by an active LED and the message CAL ACTIVE. Further indication is given within the Lake Controller software. 5.3.
Operation and Performance 5.3.8.3 Power Supply / DSP A power supply (PSU) or DSP temperature warning or fault is indicated by the LED in the top-left function button. ▸▸ A warning is indicated by a static yellow LED and adjacent warning message: TEMP WARN:PSU (or TEMP WARN:DSP) ▸▸ A fault is indicated with a static red LED and adjacent warning message: TEMP FLT:PSU (or TEMP FLT:DSP) An event report is sent to the Lake Controller software for both the warning and the fault.
Operation and Performance VHF protection is dependent on a combination of output power level and frequency. Figure 5-2 shows a decreasing power threshold, from approximately 10 kHz upwards, which illustrates increasing sensitivity of the protection system with frequency. When continuous output power above the threshold line is detected, VHF protection becomes active.
Operation and Performance 5.3.11 Short Circuit Protection A low impedance or short circuit at the power output terminals is detected when the output current is high (Current Peak Limiter is active) and, simultaneously, the peak output voltage is below a predetermined threshold (42 V with the PLM 10000Q, for example). When this situation occurs, the output stage is muted to protect it from damage.
Signal Flow and Lake® Processing 6. Signal Flow and Lake® Processing 6.1 Signal Flow Figure 6-1 and Figure 6-2 depict the audio signal flow inside a PLM. It is worth noting that this sophisticated device provides seven points in the signal chain where the signal level can be adjusted, muted or disconnected. Important information regarding correct setting of the gain structure can be found in section 10.3. Figure 6-1: Signal Flow Diagram (PLM Series Part 1) 6.1.
Signal Flow and Lake® Processing Attenuation Stage - Power output channel mute and attenuation settings Amp Gain Stage - Amplifier gain control If the required audio signal is not passing correctly, verify the connection, mute and volume settings at all seven stages. 6.1.
Signal Flow and Lake® Processing been rectified or the incorrect setting has been readjusted. Sensing circuits also transmit local output power stage temperature, processor card temperature, and PSU temperature to the appropriate protection circuits. Please refer to section 5.3 on page 18 further details. Table 6-1 lists PLM Series analog input sensitivity in dBu and Vrms for various Amp Gain settings and maximum/minimum ISVPL settings, assuming an analog input headroom of 26 dBu.
Signal Flow and Lake® Processing Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further information. 6.3.2 LoadLibrary™ and Fingerprints In addition to the standard loudspeaker presets (Module files), the Lake Controller also includes a set of enhanced Module files specifically for use with the PLM Series.
Signal Flow and Lake® Processing The Lake Processing system provides two distinct categories of crossovers: ▸▸ Infinite Impulse Response filters (IIR) such as the classic Bessel, Butterworth or Linkwitz-Riley types; these are available with slopes ranging from 6 dB/octave to 48 dB/octave. ▸▸ Finite Impulse Response filters (FIR) providing zero phase shift with steep transition slopes at the crossover frequencies. These are also referred to as Linear Phase Crossovers.
Front Panel Interface 7. Front Panel Interface An overview of the front panel interface is provided in section 4.1. This chapter describes each cluster of controls as shown in Figure 7-1. Figure 7-1: Front Panel Interface 7.1 Overview The majority of PLM functions can be controlled and/or monitored via the front-panel LCD display screen function buttons and rotary encoder . 7.1.1 , Operating Modes The front panel has two basic modes: Meter Mode and Menu Mode.
Front Panel Interface 7.1.3 Highlighting a Module in the Lake Controller software via the PLM It is sometimes useful to identify which Module icon/s in the Lake Controller software are associated with a particular hardware Frame. To highlight the module in the Lake Controller software: 1. Ensure Meter Mode is selected 2.
Front Panel Interface 7.4 Mute Enable Button The dynamic function buttons to the immediate left and right of the LCD are used as MUTE buttons only when the MUTE ENABLE button is activated (flashing). When MUTE ENABLE is activated, the two central buttons on the left act as Module mute controls, and the four buttons on the right enable muting/unmuting of the power output channels.
Front Panel Interface 7.8 Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs Figure 7-3: LCD with Dynamic Buttons, Controls and LEDs 7.8.1 Communication LED This bright white LED signifies selection in the Lake Controller, or Controller communication providing visual confirmation of: 1. Network communication between the Lake Controller and the Lake Processor (Flashing LED). 2. Selection of the Lake Processor in the Lake Controller software (Steady LED).
Front Panel Interface 7.8.3 Rotary Encoder The rotary encoder is used to adjust parameters in conjunction with the selection made via the dynamic function buttons and LCD menus. The ring around the rotary encoder illuminates when a selected parameter is available for adjustment. Turn the encoder clockwise to increase the selected parameter, or counter-clockwise to decrease the value. Parameters with only two states (e.g. ON, OFF) are toggled by turning clockwise or counter-clockwise.
Front Panel Interface 7.8.4.1 Mute Functions The PLM provides mute functions at several different points in its audio chain. Please refer to section 6.1 for further information. The four types of mute are: 1. PLM Input Mute 2. Module Input Mute 3. Module Output Mute 4. Power Output Mute With the exception of Module output mutes, all types may be controlled from the PLM front panel in Meter Mode by activating MUTE ENABLE and selecting the associated input or output Meter View using the METER button.
Front Panel Interface 7.8.4.3 Module Input Mute The Module input mute provides the ability to mute/unmute the audio signal at the module level. Therefore, the PLM input (described in 7.8.4.2) remains unmuted and can be used by another module, or directly routed to an output. To mute or unmute a Module input: 1. Press METER until Home View is displayed 2. Press MUTE ENABLE 3.
Front Panel Interface Fault condition LED indications take priority over mute status indications. If a fault condition occurs, the LED will indicate the fault and not the mute status. 7.8.5 LED Fault, Warning and Clip Indication A tricolor LED is embedded inside each of the eight dynamic function buttons. These convey a variety of status indications including faults and warnings, signal clip indications, Module input mute, Module output mute and Power Output mute.
Front Panel Interface If CPL protection is active, or a voltage clip occurs, then the associated Power Output Channel LED will flash red and a text warning will also be displayed on the screen. 7.8.5.2 Warning or Fault Indications If certain parameters within the PLM approach or exceed preset limits, a warning condition or fault condition may arise. One or more LEDs provide a visual indication of the problem, along with an on-screen description of the condition displayed adjacent to the LED/s.
Front Panel Interface PLM Warning Type LED On Screen 20000Q Amp Temp Limit Frame No.
Front Panel Interface PLM Fault/Clip/Mute Type LED No. Text Amp Ch Mute Channel 5-8 AMP CH.
Front Panel Interface 7.10 Meter Mode 7.10.1 Home View The default view when powering on the device is Meter Mode > Home View as shown in Figure 7-4. Figure 7-4: Meter Mode > Home View Home View provides a summary of Module I/O gain level and limiter gain reduction, along with frame, module and channel labeling information. The example in Figure 7-4 shows a stereo 2-Way, with Module A (Input 1) feeding power output channels 1&2, and Module B (Input 2) feeding power output channels 3&4.
Front Panel Interface Output limiter (gain reduction) meters take into account the sum of PLM ISVPL and Lake LimiterMax. The icons in the center of the LCD indicate the amplifier channel to which each module output is routed. When two amplifier channels are Bridged, both channels will be displayed. The type of icon used in the center of the screen confirms whether the PLM outputs are configured in Standard mode or Bridge Mode, as shown in Figure 7-5.
Front Panel Interface Module B label and input gain meter Main Voltage and Ampere Meter (PLM 20000Q ONLY) Output 1: V - Voltage Meter I - Current Meter P - Power Meter L - Gain Reduction Meter Output 2: V - Voltage Meter I - Current Meter P - Power Meter L - Gain Reduction Meter Output 3: V - Voltage Meter I - Current Meter P - Power Meter L - Gain Reduction Meter Output 4: V - Voltage Meter I - Current Meter P - Power Meter L - Gain Reduction Meter ▸▸ The Voltage Meter (V) indicates the PLM’s power outpu
Front Panel Interface Unused in Temperature View Output 1: AMP - Temp of power output VC - Temp of voicecoil MAG - Temp of magnet Output 2: AMP - Temp of power output VC - Temp of voicecoil MAG - Temp of magnet Output 3: AMP - Temp of power output VC - Temp of voicecoil MAG - Temp of magnet Output 4: AMP - Temp of power output VC - Temp of voicecoil MAG - Temp of magnet ▸▸ AMP indicates the current actual temperature of that channel’s power output stage as a percentage of its maximum permitted value.
Front Panel Interface AES3 Terminated Icon Iso-Float Grounded Icon Dante Clock Master Icon (no icon = AES Unterminated) (no icon = Iso-Float Floating) (no icon = Dante Slave or Dante Disabled) Unused in Input View Module A Input Mixer: Input 1/2 Connection Status, Module A input level meter Module B Input Mixer: Input 1/2 Connection Status, Module A input level meter Combined channel status summarizing faults and warnings for all power outputs 7.11 Menu Mode 7.11.
Front Panel Interface All parameters are editable via the Lake Controller unless specified otherwise. 7.11.1.1 Parameters with Individual Values and Group Totals The following parameters display two values: ▸▸ MODULE > GAIN ▸▸ MODULE > DELAY ▸▸ MODULE > LIMITERS > MAXRMS LEVEL ▸▸ MODULE > LIMITERS > MAXPEAK LEVEL The Module parameter can be adjusted using the rotary encoder. The Group total (shown in brackets) is only adjustable using the Groups function in the Lake Controller.
Front Panel Interface ▸▸ FRAME (See section 7.11.5) ▸▸ Frame Information ▸▸ Frame Reset ▸▸ Network ▸▸ Latency Match ▸▸ Front Panel ▸▸ FRAME PRESETS (See section 7.11.7) ▸▸ Preset Recall ▸▸ LOAD MONITOR (See section 7.11.8) ▸▸ Configure No. of Cabinets in Parallel ▸▸ LoadSmart Verification ▸▸ Estimated No. of Cabinets ▸▸ DANTE (See section 7.11.9) For simplicity, the following sections refer to the buttons by their associated name on the LCD screen. E.g.
Front Panel Interface 7.11.2.1 Gain MENU > MODULE > GAIN Figure 7-11: Module Gain Edit Screen Press the illuminated button next to the input/s and/or output/s for adjustment, and use the rotary encoder to change the value/s. Multiple gain values may be adjusted simultaneously in 0.1 dB increments, subject to defined level limits. 7.11.2.2 Delay MENU > MODULE > DELAY Press the illuminated button next to the input/s and/or output/s for adjustment, and use the rotary encoder to change the value/s.
Front Panel Interface 7.11.2.4 Amp Gain MENU > MODULE > AMP GAIN By default, all outputs are selected; use the rotary encoder to change the gain of all power outputs or press the associated output button to deselect one or more outputs. Amp Gain adjusts the gain of the PLM’s power output stage for each output channel. The default setting is 35 dB, variable in 0.1 dB increments from 22 dB to 44 dB.
Front Panel Interface The default ISVPL Profiles differ depending on the PLM Series model: ▸▸ PLM 10000Q / 20000Q: UNIVERSAL ▸▸ PLM 14000: SUB/LF MaxPeak Level (MaxPeakLvl) This sets the maximum peak signal level at the Module outputs. It is adjustable from -30 dBu to +30 dBu in 0.1 dB increments, subject to user-defined level limits. The Group total is displayed (in brackets) for each channel. MaxRMS Level (MaxRMSLvl) This sets the maximum RMS signal level at the Module outputs.
Front Panel Interface 7.11.3 Input Config Submenu MENU > INPUT CONFIG Figure 7-12: Input Config Submenu This menu provides configuration options for input routing, along with settings for AES Termination and Iso-Float as described in the following sections. 7.11.3.1 Router 1 / 2 MENU > I/O CONFIG > ROUTER 1 / 2 Figure 7-13: Input Router 1 Figure 6-1 on page 26 shows that there are two Input Routers available on PLM Series devices.
Front Panel Interface Only one analog input is allowed in each router, and the analog input must be at the lowest priority level in relation to any other inputs. Two modes of input selection are available, Auto Select and Forced Selection. The selected setting is also visible from the I/O STATUS screen on the front panel, and via the Lake Controller.
Front Panel Interface 7.11.3.2 AES3 Input Termination MENU > I/O CONFIG > AES TERM Figure 7-14: AES Termination Edit Screen To adjust the AES3 Input Termination, select AES TERM from the Input Config menu then use the rotary encoder to toggle the value. An icon is displayed in the bottom left of the display in Meter Mode when AES is set to ‘Terminated’.
Front Panel Interface To change the Iso-Float setting, adjust the value using the rotary encoder. The current settings are also displayed on the front panel I/O STATUS screen. The analog inputs utilize Iso-Float transformerless electronic balancing circuitry. This provides electrical isolation from an analog source comparable to that achieved with transformer-based designs. However, pin 1 of the XLR input connector may be connected to ground within the PLM if desired.
Front Panel Interface 7.11.5 Frame Submenu MENU > FRAME Figure 7-17: Frame Menu The Frame Menu provides information and options relating to the PLM as a physical unit. It is referred to as a Frame for consistency with Lake Controller terminology. The Frame Label as defined in the Lake Controller is displayed in this menu. It is also displayed at the top-left of the screen in Meter Mode, Home View. 7.11.5.
Front Panel Interface Serial Number (Serial No.) The printed serial number on the back panel of the PLM is also electronically embedded in the hardware, and therefore cannot be removed or altered if stolen. Max Output Voltage (MaxOutVolt) Displays the maximum output voltage per channel that can exist across the PLM’s output terminals. This is the absolute maximum, not the voltage defined by the ISVPL setting. When Bridge Mode is activated, double the channel output voltage is available.
Front Panel Interface 7.11.5.3 Breaker Emulation Limiter (PLM 20000Q ONLY) MENU > FRAME > BEL CONF The Breaker Emulation Limiter (BEL) provides Ampere selection (5-32 A) and breaker type selection (CONSERVATIVE, FAST and UNIVERSAL). Select by pressing the adjacent button then use the rotary encoder to change the parameter. This option is only available on the PLM 20000Q. 7.11.5.
Front Panel Interface 7.11.6 Front Panel Display Controls MENU > FRAME > FRONT Figure 7-18: Front Panel Display Controls Menu Contrast To adjust the front panel LCD contrast, select this option then use the rotary encoder to change the value. Dimming To adjust the front panel LCD brightness, select this option then use the rotary encoder to change the value.
Front Panel Interface To recall an existing Frame Preset, use the rotary encoder to select the required Preset then press the RECALL button to overwrite the current configuration. Frame Presets must initially be created in the Lake Controller, and stored as a Preset using the Lake Controller or Lake Preset Manager. Up to 100 Frame Presets can be stored in the device.
Front Panel Interface Figure 7-21: LoadSmart Verification Results Screen The Load Results page provides four items of information per output channel: ▸▸ Confirmation of the speaker Fingerprint assigned to the channel. If no Fingerprint is assigned, NO MODEL will be displayed. ▸▸ Result of speaker cabinet count; this will either be OK or WRONG. ▸▸ Estimated number of speakers connected to the channel.
Front Panel Interface 7.11.9 Dante MENU > DANTE Figure 7-22: Dante Menu Pressing the DANTE button from the main menu will display this screen only if Dante has previously been enabled via the Lake Controller software. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details regarding Dante implementation. 62 PLM Series Operation Manual rev 1.2.
Back Panel Interface 8. Back Panel Interface An overview of the back panel interface is provided in section 4.2. This chapter describes each cluster of connections as shown in Figure 8-1. Figure 8-1: Back Panel Interface of a 2-channel PLM 8.1 Speaker Outputs The PLM is available with either 4 mm binding posts or Neutrik speakON connectors for the outputs. The outputs of the PLM can produce a high voltage. Do not connect or disconnect loudspeaker/s while the PLM is powered on.
Back Panel Interface 8.1.2.1 2-Channel PLM speakON Connections 2-channel models provide both power output channels simultaneously on two 4-pole speakON connectors. Both connectors carry both channels; the second connector offers the channels in reverse order. SPEAKER OUTPUTS SS 3 WIRING 1 /- CH 1 /2 /- CH 2 /- 1 /- CH 2 /2 /- CH 1 /- Figure 8-2: speakON Connections for 2-channel PLMs NL4 #1 Ch. NL4 #2 Ch. 1&2 2&1 1+ Ch. 1 o/p + Ch. 2 o/p + 1- Ch. 1 o/p - Ch. 2 o/p - 2+ Ch. 2 o/p + Ch.
Back Panel Interface 8.1.2.2 4-Channel PLM speakON Connections On 4-channel models, the power outputs are simultaneously available on a single 8-pole speakON connector, and on two 4-pole speakON connectors. The two 4-pole connectors carry the outputs of channels 1 & 2 and 3 & 4 respectively. SPEAKER OUTPUTS 2 WIRING 1 /- CH 1 /2 /- CH 2 /- 1 /- CH 1 /2 /- CH 2 /- 3 /- CH 3 //- CH /- 1 /- CH 3 /2 /- CH /- Figure 8-4: speakON Connections for 4-channel PLMs Pin NL4 #1 Ch. NL8 Ch. NL4 #2 Ch. No.
Back Panel Interface 4+ 1+ 4 1+ 3 1 3+ 1- 2 2+ 2+ 2NL4 PLM Output Channels 1 & 2 NL4 PLM Output Channels 3 & 4 3+ 3- 4+ 4NL8 PLM Output Channels 1 - 4 Figure 8-5: speakON NL4/NL8 Configuration for 4-channel PLMs 4+ 4 1+ 3 1 3+ 2 2+ 1+ 2- 3+ 4- NL4 PLM Output Channels 1 & 2 NL8 PLM Output Channels 1 - 4 NL4 PLM Output Channels 3 & 4 Figure 8-6: speakON NL4/NL8 Configuration for 4-channel PLMs (Bridge Mode) 8.1.
Back Panel Interface SPEAKER OUTPUTS CH 1 _ + + _ CH 3 CH 2 + _ _ + CH 4 CLASS 3 WIRING Figure 8-7: Binding Post Configuration for 4-channel PLM SPEAKER OUTPUTS CH 1 + + CH 3 CH 2 _ _ CH 4 CLASS 3 WIRING Figure 8-8: Binding Post Configuration for 4-channel PLM (Bridge Mode) 2-channel PLMs provide each power output channel from two pairs of binding posts as shown in Figure 8-9.
Back Panel Interface Connect the ‘+’ loudspeaker terminals to the red binding posts and the ‘ – ‘ terminals to the black binding posts. There are three methods of connecting speaker cables to the binding posts. 1. Solder 4 mm banana-plugs to the ends of the speaker wires and plug into the center of the turrets. 2. Thread the stripped ends of the wires through the holes in the posts. Enter the wires for output channels 1 and 3 from above and for channels 2 and 4 from below.
Back Panel Interface Figure 8-12: IEC268 XLR Wiring and Pin Out Pin 1: Pin 2: Pin 3: 8.2.3 Ground / Shield Hot (+) Cold (-) Unbalanced Operation Balanced connections are recommended where possible. However, if it is necessary to drive the device from equipment with an unbalanced output, wire the inputs as shown in Figure 8-13.
Back Panel Interface 8.2.4 Iso-Float Electronic Balancing The analog input electronic balancing circuits use the Lake Iso-Float system. The Iso-Float technology combines the benefits of transformer-coupled isolation with the advantages of clean, direct-coupled inputs. The audio converters are galvanically isolated, and not connected to the main ground.
Back Panel Interface Tests indicate that up to 20 PLMs may be have their AES3 inputs daisy-chained together, however circumstances and cabling used may reduce this figure. Please refer to section 10.6. 8.4 RJ45 etherCON Network Connections Two RJ45 etherCON style network connections are provided as shown in Figure 8-16.
Back Panel Interface When the device is connected to an active network, the yellow LINK LED illuminates above the connector in use. Data activity on the network is indicated by illumination of the green ACT LED. It is normal for the ACT LED to flicker either sporadically or continuously. 8.4.1 Primary Network Connection The Primary Network connection is used for Lake Controller connectivity and Dante digital audio. Please refer to section 4.2 for additional information. 8.4.
Appendix 9. Appendix 9.1 Faults and Warnings Overview Fault or warning conditions are indicated by the LED shown in Figure 7-3 on page 34, and also by LEDs associated with the inputs and outputs on the PLM. As the LEDs indicate several types of faults or warnings, a brief textual description of the fault or warning is provided on the LCD display. Section 7.8.2 on page 34 details the fault and warning indications that appear on the front panel.
Appendix Model Displayed Text Event Log Text Category Description ALL INPUT MUTE Input Mute Mute The audio signal has been muted at the input router of the Lake Processor. ALL LM PREC. LOW Speakersafe precision low Warning A SpeakerSafe warning indicating insufficient data to produce reliable results. This may occur, for example, if a channel is being driven at a very low level.
Appendix Model Displayed Text Event Log Text Category Description ALL OVER SPKR CNT Over Speaker Count Warning A lower load impedance has been measured than was predicted by the Load Library for the assigned speaker type. 10000Q 14000 PAL ACTIVE n/a Fault Total amplifier power being delivered has exceeded the safe maximum value and the PAL has become active.
Appendix Model Displayed Text Event Log Text Category Description ALL TEMP FLT:PSU Temp Fault: Power Supply Unit Fault The temperature of the PLM’s PSU has exceeded its safety limit. ALL TEMP FLT:VC Temp Fault: Speaker Voice Coil Fault The temperature of the speaker voice coil (estimated by SpeakerSafe) has exceeded the manufacturers’ recommended maximum. ALL TEMP WARN: PSU Temp warning: Power Supply Unit Warning High temperature in the Power Supply Unit.
Appendix 9.2 Maintenance During normal operation this devices provides trouble-free service. If the LCD or front panel display requires cleaning, use a soft cloth only; do not use solvent cleaners. The dust filters on both sides of the front panel, behind the grilles, should occasionally be removed and cleaned to ensure maximum airflow through the device. Disconnect the unit from mains power prior to removing dust the filter, and ensure the dust filter is replace prior to turning the unit back on.
Appendix 9.3.2 Input and Router Defaults Autoselect: Input sensitivity: Dante: AES3: Iso-Float: Router 1: Router 2: 9.3.3 On +26 dBu Disabled Terminated Enabled AES1 (Ch.1) as Priority 1, Analog 1 as Priority 4 AES1 (Ch.2) as Priority 1, Analog 2 as Priority 4 Amplifier Defaults Attenuation: Polarity: Mutes: Load Model: Breaker Emulation Limiter: 9.
s Appendix m t™ PLM 20000Q Level Load Rated power Line current [A] Power factor [%] Measured Power [W] Thermal Dissipation In Out Dissipated BTU/hr kCal/hr Mains voltage 100 VAC 30A Standby 0,4 50,6 18 0 18 61 15 Power On, Idling 2,3 95,4 223 0 223 763 192 Pink pseudo noise*1) Sine 20 kHz 16 Ω / Ch. 1150 x 4 12,5 98,9 1237 575 662 2260 569 8 Ω / Ch. 2350 x 4 22,6 99,0 2237 1175 1062 3623 913 4 Ω / Ch.
Appendix PLM 14000 Level Load Rated power Line Current *2) 120 VAC 230 VAC Watt *1) In Out Thermal Dissipation Dissipated BTU/hr kCal/hr Standby 12 0 12 42 11 Powered on, idling. 116 0 116 395 100 Amp (I) Pink noise (1/8 rated power) Pink noise (max power) *3) 20 kHz Surveillance tone Watt 16 Ω / Ch. 1150 x 2 8.5 4.4 603 288 315 1077 271 8 Ω / Ch. 2300 x 2 13.7 7.2 1023 575 448 1529 385 4 Ω / Ch. 4400 x 2 23.4 12.2 1838 1100 738 2518 634 2.67 Ω / Ch.
Appendix PLM 10000Q Level Load Rated power Line Current *2) 120 VAC 230 VAC Watt *1) Thermal Dissipation In Out Standby 4.8 0 4.8 16 4 Powered on, idling. 145 0 145 496 125 307 Amp (I) Pink noise (1/8 rated power) Pink noise (max power) *3) 20 kHz Surveillance tone Dissipated BTU/hr kCal/hr Watt 16 Ω / Ch. 660 x 4 9.3 4.8 687 330 357 1218 8 Ω / Ch. 1300 x 4 16.3 8.5 1250 650 600 2048 516 4 Ω / Ch. 2300 x 4 25.2 13.2 2014 1150 864 2949 743 2.67 Ω / Ch.
Appendix 9.5 Glossary of Terms, Acronyms and Abbreviations The explanations given in Table 9-5 below are based on the specific use of each term in this manual. The definitions are not intended to be exhaustive and many of these terms have wider meanings. Term Description 100/1000 Base-T 100/1000 Base-T is IT industry-speak for different standards of Ethernet network. This term incorporates 100 Base-TX, which operates at 100 Mbps, and 1000 Base-T which operates at 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps).
Appendix Term Description Floating An analog balanced input or output is said to be floating when full electrical isolation exists between that input or output and the equipment connected to it. Transformer-coupled inputs and outputs are inherently floating. Electronically balanced inputs and outputs can never be truly floating, though better designs – such as that found in the PLM - do mimic the characteristics of transformer-coupled designs to a high degree.
Appendix Term Description PAL An abbreviation for Power Average Limiter, PAL is proprietary Lab.gruppen circuit which provides additional amplifier protection. The PAL ensures that the power drawn by the PSU from the AC mains does not exceed the mains breaker ratings. Parallel Two or more e.g. inputs which are wired together so that all inputs are connected to the same source are said to be paralleled.
Application Guide 10. Application Guide This chapter describes the practical application and use of PLM Series devices. 10.1 Rack I/O Panels For fast and simple system connection, pre-wired racks using connection panels can be used. With an I/O connector panel fitted to the front of the rack, all audio, loudspeaker, network and power cables can be plugged in at one position, without requiring rear panel access.
Application Guide 10.2.1 Six PLM Series Devices with 230-240 V Mains Supply If the mains supply is 230 V and the system requirement is six PLMs, then the mains capacity would need to be able to provide 3 x 32 A. There are two methods of achieving this: 1. Three racks, each with two PLMs and a 32 A single-phase mains supply. The 32 A capacity is shared between the two PLMs within the rack. This is beneficial as the two PLMs don’t have to draw the same current.
Application Guide 10.3.1 Input Headroom (Analog Inputs Only) Input Headroom should be set to 12 dBu if the source can be limited to 12 dBu; otherwise it should be set to 26 dBu. This setting does not affect the other gain stages, or the overall noise floor; it allows control of the appropriate headroom at the input stage only. To adjust, navigate to I/O CONFIG > INPUT CONFIGURATION in the Lake Controller. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details. 10.3.
Application Guide 10.3.5 Attenuator An attenuator gain adjustment is provided for each power output channel in the PLM. This control replaces the traditional volume control found on conventional amplifiers and should typically be left at 0 dB during use. To adjust, navigate to I/O CONFIG > EVENTS & CONTROL > STATUS in the Lake Controller. Please refer to the Lake Controller Operation Manual for further details. 10.3.
Application Guide ▸▸ Input Clip: 0 dBFS ▸▸ Amp Gain: 35 dB ▸▸ SNR: 114.2 dB ▸▸ Absolute Noise Floor: -71.
Application Guide 10.4.3.2 Analog Input Gain Structure Examples Figure 10-4 illustrates how to minimize absolute noise while limiting the available SPL. Input Clip: 12 dBu ▸▸ Amp Gain: 22 dB ▸▸ SNR: 105.5 dB ▸▸ Absolute Noise Floor: -71.5 dBu ▸▸ SPL is limited to -8.
Application Guide Figure 10-6 illustrates how moderate noise with extreme SPL can be achieved. SPL is extremely high in this example as maximum headroom is available at the input and within the processing stage. This makes it possible to increase the average SPL by utilizing internal compression capabilities. ▸▸ Input Clip: 0 dBFS ▸▸ Amp Gain: 35 dB ▸▸ SNR: 114.2 dB ▸▸ Absolute Noise Floor: -71.3 dBu 60.0 40.0 20.0 dB/dBu 0.0 -20.0 Clip -40.0 Nominal -60.0 Noise -80.0 -100.0 -120.0 -140.
Application Guide 10.6 Digital Audio Connections Whenever possible, it is preferable to connect a digital rather that analog input signal to the device. This is particularly relevant if the source signal is already in the digital domain, such as the source from a digital mixing console or digital distribution system. The primary cause of signal distortion and signal delay (latency) is the digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversion process.
Application Guide 10.6.3 Connections and Cabling 10.6.3.1 Input and Link Connectors An AES3 input signal is connected to the XLR3F connector labelled INPUT 1-2 in the AES3 input section on the rear panel. An XLR3M connector, labelled LINK 1-2 is provided as a loop-through output for daisychaining multiple PLM Series devices.
Application Guide The distance allowed between a signal source and the PLM is dependent on both cable quality and the sampling rate used. At a 96 kHz sampling rate, any good quality AES3 cable should allow a cable run of 100 meters with no data losses beyond the capability of internal error correction. The best cables may allow longer cable runs, though careful trials are recommended before use in the field.
Application Guide 10.7 Digital Clock Configuration 10.7.1 Digital Clock Overview In order to provide a flexible and robust audio processing system, the PLM is equipped with a configurable digital clocking system. The digital clock can generate various independent internal sample rates, or can sync to an incoming AES3 signal. Figure 10-7 shows the various sample rates and options available. Figure 10-7: Digital Clocking System In Figure 10-7, each circled C represents a choice point.
Application Guide For Manual Configuration, the selected internal or external clock source remains fixed regardless of whether a compatible clock signal is preset. For Automatic Detection, the most appropriate clock matching the selected base-rate is automatically selected according to the following priorities. 1. AES1 (Input 1+2) 2.
Technical Specifications 11. Technical Specifications Model Number of input channels Number of output channels Peak total output all channels driven Max. Peak output voltage per channel Max. output current per channel PLM 20000Q 2 4 20000 W 194 V 67 A peak PLM 14000 2 2 14000 W 193 V 90 A peak PLM 10000Q 2 4 10800 W 153 V 49 A peak Max. Output Power 16 ohms per ch. (all ch.’s driven) 8 ohms per ch. (all ch.’s driven) 4 ohms per ch. (all ch.’s driven) 1) 2 ohms per ch. (all ch.
Warranty and Support 12. Warranty and Support 12.1 General This product is manufactured by Lab.gruppen, and it is warranted to be free from any defects caused by components or factory workmanship, under normal use and service, for a period of three (3) years from date of purchase from an authorized Lake dealer. If the product fails to perform as specified during the warranty period, Lab.
Warranty and Support 12.3.2 Factory Service In the event a Lab.gruppen product requires factory service, you may contact Lab.gruppen’s service department for return instructions and a Return Authorization number. Please note for product return: 1. Use the original packing. 2. Include a copy of the sales receipt, your name, return address, phone and fax number, email address and description of the defect. 3. Mark the Return Authorization number on the outside of the packing. 4.
LAB.GRUPPEN AB ► SWEDEN INTERNATIONAL CONTACT ► INFO@L ABGRUPPEN.COM US & CANADA CONTACT ► INFO@TCG-AMERICAS.COM WWW.LABGRUPPEN.
