CrossOver User manual ImpulseRadar CrossOver® User Manual V1.
Content About this manual ................................................................................................................................... 3 Overview.................................................................................................................................................. 4 Antennas ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Connector panel ......................
About this manual ImpulseRadar CrossOver antennas are state-of-the-art, self-contained Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) systems. The dual frequencies and mechanical design combined with the various accessories, such as push-carts and pulling-kits, makes each antenna suitable for several different applications. For information on other applications and/or configurations, please contact your local ImpulseRadar representative, or contact our sales team at: sales@impulseradar.
Hardware Overview ImpulseRadar CrossOver antennas are self-contained Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) systems. The electronic design is based on a modern real-time sampling (RTS) technology platform, offering state-of-the-art data acquisition capabilities. Each CrossOver antenna incorporates two separate GPR-channels, operating at high speed as well as an in-built differential GPS.
Antennas In Figure 2 below the whole CrossOver series is shown, side, by side. Figure 2, The CrossOver GPR antennas, left-to-right; CO4080, CO1760 and CO730. Apart from physical size, CrossOver antennas share a similar mechanical design and the same arrangement for the battery, connector panel and measuring wheel mount. A CO4080 antenna is used to highlight these features, as shown below in Figure 3.
• • • • Red – Power and Ethernet. A battery is the preferred way of powering the antenna; however, an optionable power cable is available upon request. This connector is also used for testing and factory upgrades via Ethernet. Silver – On/Off button. Press the button once for approx. 2s to switch the antenna on. When on, the button glows blue. A subsequent press will switch the antenna off. Blue – External GPS. Allows the connection of an external GPS antenna to provide higher precision positioning.
Figure 5 CrossOver Cart (foldable) The Cart incorporates a break on the rear-right wheel, easily engaged by your foot. When not in use, the handle mechanism can be folded by removing the M5 retaining screw, as shown in Figure 5 above. This reduces the overall physical size to facilitate transportation and/or storage. The antenna is mounted into a tray that is connected to the cart-hood by adjustable support straps. This allows the antenna to be positioned on, or very close, to the ground surface.
Figure 6 Antenna fitting and height adjustments Antenna fitting procedure, as referenced in Figure 6 above: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Figure 7 Odometer encoder and wheel assembly GPS mounts A range of optional GPS mounting accessories are available for both the push-cart and antenna itself, as shown below in Figure 8. The mounting poles are available in different lengths to vary the height of the GPS antenna, as/if needed. Figure 8 GPS-mounts for the Cart and antennas ImpulseRadar CrossOver® User Manual V1.
Measuring wheel Referring to figure 8, below. The measuring wheel is made of printed plastics, the odometer and cable are housed inside, protected. Downward pressure is accomplished with rubber straps and the shape Locking bolt Thread for mounting locking bolt, when wheel not used Rubber straps Figure 9, Measuring wheel attached on antenna is optimised for smooth operation, in all cases.
Software Overview CrossOver has been designed to work over an ethernet link with suitable Android devices running the CrossOver App. Refer to Appendix A for a list of specification requirements. Note that an adapter may be needed. Android devices that meet or exceed the minimum specification requirements will generally offer better performance in terms of data recovery and on-screen functionality. That said, low-end Android based smartphones can offer a quick and simple means of collecting radar profiles.
From Figure 11, the left image shows an example of when a CrossOver antenna is properly connected, with all functions are available. This includes the antenna battery status, which can be monitored from within the App as shown. The right image shows the limited functionality when there is no antenna connection. Note: the version number of the App is shown at the bottom of the start screen and this may be requested in the event you need support services. Figure 11 CrossOver start screen.
• • • • 1 number of useful bits depends on the point distance, survey speed and antenna frequency. A lower antenna frequency combined with slower speed and larger point distance, provides a higher number of useful bits. The limit today is approx. 19-20 useful bits. Note that using 32 bits during surveys requiring high speed only increase the risk of dropping data in Ethernetlink, use 16 bits and not unnecessary long time-windows to reduce load on data transmission in these cases.
Figure 13, Menu bar during data collection By pressing the GPS-symbol a, static view on the present satellites and coordinates can be viewed, see Figure 14, below. As mentioned the GPS symbol will change with the solutions at hand, the symbols we use to show this are given in Figure 14.
• CrossOver Cart: 306.6 Data viewing and adjustment The screen and system functionality are much the same, regardless of project type. During data acquisition, the screen view can be set to show either the high frequency channel only, low frequency channel only, or both high and low frequency channels together, as shown in Figure 15 below. A ‘double-tap’ of the device screen will toggle between these views.
Restoring missed traces During data acquisition and the transfer of radar data from the antenna to the Android device, some of the radar traces may be missed. However, since all radar data is saved to the antenna’s internal microSD card, any missed traces can easily be restored at the end of each profile when the stop button is pressed. Should this occur, a message will be displayed on-screen, as shown in Figure 14 below.
Figure 17, Layout of a reference-line project From the project start screen (Figure 18 below), you will be prompted to enter a project name and the distance between each profile. Once entered, press the ‘Start the Project’ button to continue. Figure 18 Multi-Line Project start screen Once the project has started, the data collection screen will appear with directional control buttons, as shown in Figure 19 below.
Figure 19 Screen views and controls during reference-line projects Select the direction of data collection (forward/backward) and press the appropriate button to start the profile. The selected button will be highlighted in green to indicate the selected direction and additional buttons (left/right) will become available. These buttons are used for the placement of the reference marker, by indicating the position of the start point in relation to the direction of travel, when crossing the reference-line.
DV-project, which allows the current profile being collected to be viewed alongside the previous one, thereby making it easier to see if reflectors line up in similar positions across them. For this to work, the start position of each profile must be aligned with the stop position of the previous profile, as shown below in Figure 21, below.
Figure 22 Dual-View project showing two parallel profiles with back-up cursor GPS-projects As the name suggests, this project type requires GPS for positioning. However, to be of any use for accurate mapping a survey grade RTK-GPS is required. That said, it is possible to run a GPS-project using the CrossOver antenna’s internal GPS, but this will lack the precision required for accurate interpretation.
Note on survey speed and settings Any CrossOver-antenna can produce very large amounts of data. The bottleneck in survey speed is mostly related to the Ethernet-link. At high survey speeds the systems will rarely be able to go beyond 16-bits, therefore the load on the data link may be reduces by choosing to collect 16-bit data, instead of 32. Choosing unnecessary long time-windows (number of samples) also increase the data transfers, so choosing a fitting time-window is a recommendation.
Appendix A, Specifications ImpulseRadar products are under continuous development and we reserve the right to change specifications at any time and without prior notice. You may verify product specifications at any time by contacting our headquarters at: support@impulseradar.
CrossOver CO1760 ANTENNA Technology Antenna type Centre frequency Signal to noise ratio (SNR) Significant/useful number of bits Scans/second Survey speed Time window Bandwidth Acquisition mode Positioning Power supply Power consumption Operating time Dimensions Weight Operating temperature Environmental Regulatory certification CART Dimensions (folded for transport) Dimensions (when in use) Wheels Weight USER INTERFACE Display Operating system Memory Processor Recommendation ImpulseRadar real-time sampling
CrossOver CO4080 ANTENNA Technology Antenna type Centre frequency Signal to noise ratio (SNR) Significant/useful number of bits Scans/second Survey speed Time window Bandwidth Acquisition mode Positioning Power supply Power consumption Operating time Dimensions Weight Operating temperature Environmental Regulatory certification CART Dimensions (folded for transport) Dimensions (when in use) Wheels Weight USER INTERFACE Display Operating system Memory Processor Recommendation ImpulseRadar real-time sampling
Appendix B, File-formats Files stored in the project directory - current project name (project data directory has the same name) _Combined - combined files are saved in the subdirectory File Type *.IPRB Description Naming Convention Explanation Profile Data File _XXX_AYY.iprb Where YY is profile (channel) running number (counting from 1) and XXX is a profile running number (counting from 1) ¹ where XXX is a profile running number.
ZERO LEVEL: 58 SOIL VELOCITY: 100 PREPROCESSING: Unknown Preprocessing OPERATOR COMMENT: _ ANTENNA F/W: 49000072 ANTENNA H/W: F1702 ANTENNA FPGA: D085 ANTENNA SERIAL: CO_117755 SOFTWARE VERSION: CO 1.163 POSITIONING: 0 CHANNELS: 2 CHANNEL CONFIGURATION: 1 CH_X_OFFSET: 0.000 CH_Y_OFFSET: 0.000 MEASUREMENT DIRECTION: -1 RELATIVE DIRECTION: 90 RELATIVE DISTANCE: 1.000 RELATIVE START: 0.
5 6 7 8 = = = = Float RTK estimated (dead reckoning) (2.3 feature) Manual input mode Simulation mode Multi Line Project Header (.mlproj), text file Dual view proj type 1 ML_PROJECT_TYPE: REF_LINE 2ch dual nr2_001_0 2ch dual nr2_001_1 2ch dual nr2_002_0 2ch dual nr2_002_1 2ch dual nr2_003_0 2ch dual nr2_003_1 TYPE: 1 SEPARATION: 0.
Appendix C, GPS How RTK Works RTK involves a stationary base station and one or more mobile GPS receivers, also known as rovers. Provided that the base station has continuous line-of-sight to each rover, it transmits GPS corrections to each in real time using radio waves. If a sufficient number of satellites are visible, RTK can provide a fixed position, within a fraction of an inch. If insufficient satellites are visible, RTK can provide only a float solution, with a precision of a few inches.
Appendix D, Regulatory notices The operation of GPR instruments is governed by various regulatory bodies and legislation depending on geographic location as follows: • • • Europe US Canada ETSI EN 302 066-1&2 Vl.2.1 FCC, Part 15.F IC RSS-220 limits The CrossOver-antennas meets the legislation requirements for each of these regulatory bodies.
L’émetteur/récepteur exempt de licence contenu dans le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Innovation, Sciences et Développement économique Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes: 1. L’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage; 2. L’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement. Licensing requirements (USA) §15.
For your convenience, the information required by the FCC is indicated on the next page, please print and fill in the information and put the letter in the mail. FCC will respond with confirmation of coordination. ImpulseRadar CrossOver® User Manual V1.
Date: __________________ To: Frequency Coordination Branch., OET Federal Communications Commission 445 12th Street, SW Washington, D.C.
