Operator´s manual 281XP 288XP Please read these instructions carefully and make sure you understand them before using the machine.
KEY TO SYMBOLS Symbols on the chain saw: CAUTION! Chain saws can be dangerous! Careless or incorrect use can result in serious or fatal injury to the operator or others. Please read the instructions carefully and make sure you understand them before using the saw. Always wear: • Approved protective helmet • Approved hearing protection • Protective glasses or visor This product is in accordance with applicable EC directives. Noise emission to the environment according to the European Community’s Directive.
CONTENTS Before using a new saw • Read the instructions carefully. • Check cutting equipment is correctly fitted and adjusted. See page 25. • Refuel and start the saw. Check the carburettor settings. See pages 26-29. • Do not use the saw until sufficient chain oil has reached the chain, see page 14. IMPORTANT! If the carburettor mixture is too lean it greatly increases the risk of engine failure. Poor maintenance of the air filter will cause carbon build-up on the spark plug and lead to difficult starting.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Most chain saw accidents happen when the chain touches the operator. You must use approved personal protective equipment whenever you use the machine. Personal protective equipment cannot eliminate the risk of injury but it will reduce the degree of injury if an accident does happen. Ask your dealer for help in choosing the right equipment. Long or continuous exposure to high noise levels may cause permanent hearing impairment.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 2 1 Chain brake and front hand guard YOUR chain saw is equipped with a chain brake that is designed to stop the chain immediately if you get a kickback. The chain brake reduces the risk of accidents, but only You can prevent them. Take care when using your saw and make sure the kickback zone of the bar never touches any object. The front hand guard is not designed solely to activate the chain brake.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 6 The way the chain brake is triggered, either manually or automatically, depends on the force of the kickback and the position of the chain saw in relation to the object that the kickback zone of the bar strikes. If you get a violent kickback while the kickback zone of the bar is farthest away from you the chain brake will be activated by the movement of the counterweight (INERTIA ACTIVATED).
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 5 Vibration damping system 6 Stop switch Your chain saw is equipped with a vibration damping system that is designed to minimise vibrations and make operation easier. Use the stop switch to switch off the engine. When you use a chain saw vibrations are generated by the uneven contact between the chain and the wood you are cutting. Cutting hardwoods (most broadleaf trees) creates more vibration than cutting softwoods (most conifers).
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Inspecting, maintaining and servicing chain saw safety equipment 3 SPECIAL TRAINING IS REQUIRED to service and repair chain saws. This is especially true of chain saw safety equipment. If your chain saw fails any of the checks described below take it to your SERVICE AGENT. When you buy any of our products we guarantee the availability of professional repairs and service. If the retailer who sells your saw is not a SERVICING DEALER, ask him for the address of your nearest SERVICE AGENT.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 2 Throttle lock 1 Make sure the throttle control is locked at the idle setting when you release the throttle lock. 2 Press the throttle lock and make sure it returns to its original position when you release it. 4 Right hand guard Check that the right hand guard is not damaged and that there are no visible defects, such as cracks.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 7 Muffler Never use a chain saw that has a faulty muffler. CUTTING EQUIPMENT This section describes how to choose and maintain your cutting equipment in order to: • Reduce the risk of kickback. • Reduce the risk of the chain breaking or jumping. • Obtain maximum cutting performance. • Extend the life of cutting equipment. The 5 basic rules 1 Only use cutting equipment recommended by us! See the ”Technical data” section.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 1 Cutting equipment designed to minimise kickback Faulty cutting equipment or the wrong combination of bar and chain increases the risk of kickback. Use only the bar and chain combinations recommended in the ”Technical data” section. The only way to avoid kickback is to make sure that the kickback zone of the bar never touches anything. By using cutting equipment with “built-in” kickback protection and keeping the chain sharp and well-maintained you can reduce the effects of kickback.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 2 Sharpening your chain and adjusting raker clearance The risk of kickback is increased with a badly sharpened chain! It is very difficult to sharpen a chain correctly without the right equipment. We recommend you use a file gauge. This will help you obtain the maximum kickback reduction and cutting performance from your chain. A General information on sharpening cutting teeth • Never use a blunt chain.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS C General advice on setting raker clearance • When you sharpen the cutting teeth you reduce the RAKER CLEARANCE (cutting depth). To maintain cutting performance you must file back the raker teeth to the recommended height. See the ”Technical data” section to find the raker clearance for your saw chain. • On a low-kickback cutting link the front edge of the raker lip is rounded. It is very important that you maintain this radius or bevel when you adjust the raker clearance.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 4 Lubricating cutting equipment 1 2 3 Undo the bar nuts that hold the clutch cover and chain brake, using the combination spanner. Then tighten the nuts by hand as tight as you can. Raise the tip of the bar and stretch the chain by tightening the chain tensioning screw using the combination spanner. Tighten the chain until it not hang slack on the underside of the bar. Use the combination spanner to tighten the bar nuts while lifting the tip of the bar at the same time.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS C Checking chain lubrication E Lubricating the clutch drum bearing • Check the chain lubrication each time you refuel. Aim the tip of the saw at a light coloured surface about 20 cm away. After 1 minute running at 3/4 throttle you should see a distinct line of oil on the light surface. • Between the engine drive shaft and the clutch drum is a needle bearing that must be lubricated daily. Use the specially designed grease gun and a good quality bearing grease.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS HOW TO AVOID KICKBACK H Bar Check regularly: • Whether there are burrs on the edges of the bar. Remove these with a file if necessary. Kickback can happen very suddenly and violently; kicking the saw, bar and chain back at the user. If this happens when the chain is moving it can cause very serious, even fatal injuries. It is vital you understand what causes kickback and that you can avoid it by taking care and using the right working technique.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS General rules 1 If you understand what kickback is and how it happens then you can reduce or eliminate the element of surprise. By being prepared you reduce the risk. Kickback is usually quite mild, but it can sometimes be very sudden and violent. 2 Always hold the saw firmly with your right hand on the rear handle and your left hand on the front handle.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 1 Chain saws are designed solely for cutting wood. The only cutting equipment that can be used with this chain saw are the combinations of bars and chains recommended in the ”Technical data” section. 2 Never use a chain saw if you are tired, if you have drunk alcohol, or if you are taking medication that affects your vision, your judgement or your coordination. 3 Always wear suitable protective clothing. See the section on ”Personal protective equipment”.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS • Never try to refuel the saw while it is running. 1 Basic safety rules • Make sure there is plenty of ventilation when refuelling or mixing fuel (2-stroke mixture). • to make sure there are no people, animals or other objects nearby that might affect your work. • Move the saw at least 3 m from the refuelling point before starting it. • to make sure that none of the above might come within reach of your saw or be injured by falling trees.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 6 Before moving your chain saw switch off the engine and lock the chain using the chain brake. Carry the saw with the bar and chain pointing backwards. Fit a guard to the bar before carrying the saw any distance. 3 Make sure the chain will not strike the ground or any other object during or after cutting. 4 Is there a risk of kickback? 5 Do the conditions and surrounding terrain affect your safety when working? Two factors decide whether the chain will jam or the log will split.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 2 The log is supported at one end. There is a high risk that it will split. 3 Tree felling technique It takes a lot of experience to fell a tree. Inexperienced users of chain saws should not fell trees. NEVER ATTEMPT A TASK YOU ARE UNSURE OF. A Safe distance A Start by cutting from below (about 1/3 of the way through). The safe distance between a tree that is to be felled and anyone else working nearby is at least 21/2 tree lengths.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS C Clearing the trunk and preparing your retreat Remove any branches that are in the way. To do this it is best to work from the top down and keep the trunk between you and the chain saw. Never limb above shoulder height. Remove any undergrowth from the base of the tree and check the area for obstacles (stones, branches, holes, etc.) so that you have a clear path of retreat when the tree starts to fall.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS We recommend that you use a bar that is longer than the diameter of the tree, so that you can make the FELLING CUT and DIRECTIONAL CUT with single cutting stokes. (See ”Technical data” to find out which lengths of bar are recommended for your saw). 4 Freeing a tree that has fallen badly = high accident risk A Freeing a “Trapped tree” The safest method is to use a winch. A Tractor-mounted B Portable There are methods for felling trees with a diameter larger than the bar length.
WHAT IS WHAT? 6 22 8 24 5 10 Husqvarna 288XP XXXX XXXXXXX 3 Husqvarna AB Huskvarna, SWEDEN 1 27 4 2 7 12 1 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 9 13 25 23 26 What is what? 1. Cylinder cover. 15. Saw bar. 2. Front handle. 16. Bumper. 3. Front hand guard. 17. Chain catcher. Catches chain if it jumps or breaks. 4. Starter cover. 18. Clutch cover. 5. Chain oil tank. 19. Right hand guard. Protects right hand if chain breaks or jumps. 6. Starter handle. 7.
ASSEMBLY Mounting guide bar and chain ! Always wear gloves, when working with the chain, in order to protect your hands from injury. Check that the chain brake is in disengaged position by moving the front hand guard towards the front handle. Hold up the tip of the bar and tighten the chain. The chain is correctly tensioned when there is no slack on the underside of the bar, but it can still be turned easily by hand. Hold up the bar tip and tighten the bar nuts with the combination wrench.
FUEL HANDLING Fuelmix Mixing IMPORTANT! The chain saw is equipped with a two-stroke engine and must always been run using a mixture of petrol and two-stroke engine oil. It is important to accurately measure the amount of oil to be mixed to ensure that the correct mixture is obtained. When mixing small amounts of fuel, even small inaccuracies can drastically affect the ratio of the mixture. ! Always provide for good ventilation when handling fuel.
FUEL HANDLING Fuelling ! Taking the following precautions, will lessen the risk of fire. • Do not smoke or place warm objects in the vicinity of the fuel. • Always shut off the engine before refuelling. • Slowly open the fuel cap, when filling fuel, so that possible overpressure is slowly released. • Tighten the fuel cap carefully after fuelling. • Always move the saw from the fuelling area before starting. Clean around the fuel cap. Clean the fuel and chain oil tanks regularly.
START AND STOP Start Start and stop ! WARNING! • Never start a chain saw unless the bar, chain and all covers are fitted correctly. Otherwise the clutch can come loose and cause personal injuries. • Always move the saw away from the fueling area before starting. • Place the saw on clear ground and make sure that the chain is not contacting anything. Also, make sure that you have a secure footing. • Keep people and animals well away from the working area.
MAINTENANCE Carburettor Functioning, Basic setting, Final setting ! WARNING! Do not start the saw without the bar, chain and clutch cover (chain brake) assembled. If you do, the clutch might come loose and cause severe injuries. Operation • The carburettor governs the engine speed via the throttle. Air/ fuel are mixed in the carburettor. The air/fuel mixture is adjustable. To take advantage of the saw’s maximum output the setting must be correct.
MAINTENANCE Starter device ! WARNING! • When the recoil spring is assembled in the starter housing, it is in tensioned position and can when treated carelessly, pop out and cause injuries. • Always be careful, when changing the recoil spring or the starter cord. Always wear safety goggles for eye protection. Tensioning the recoil spring • Lift the starter cord up in the notch on the starter pulley and turn the starter pulley 2 turns clockwise.
MAINTENANCE Muffler Air filter The air filter must be regularly cleaned from dust and dirt in order to avoid: • Carburettor malfunctions • Starting problems • Engine power reduction • Unnecessary wear on the engine parts • Abnormal fuel consumption Clean the air filter daily or more often if the air is exceptionally dusty in the working area. Some mufflers are equipped with a special screen. If your saw has this type of muffler, you should clean the screen at least once a week.
MAINTENANCE Needle bearing maintenance Winter use A The clutch drum is equipped with one of the following chain sprockets: During winter time, powder snow and cold weather can cause running problems, such as: • Too low engine temperature. • Icing on the air filter and carburettor. Therefore some special measures are required: • Partly reduce the air inlet of the starter and by doing that increase the engine temperature.
MAINTENANCE Below you will find some general maintenance instructions. If you have more questions, contact your servicing dealer. Weekly maintenance 1. Daily maintenance 1. 2. 3. 4. Check that all the components of the throttle control operate safely (i.e. throttle lock, throttle lever and start throttle lock). Clean the chain brake and check its function according to the instructions. Make sure that the chain catcher is undamaged. Otherwise replace it immediately.
TECHNICAL DATA 281XP 288XP 4,9/80,7 2,05/52 1,5/38 2 500 5,3/87 2,1/54 1,5/38 2 500 12.500 4,2/ 9 000 12 500 4,5/ 9 300 Engine 281XP 288XP 115 113 116 116 101 100 7,2 7,3 6,2 8,0 18"/46 18"/46 15-28"/38-71 15-28"/38-71 13-27"/34-68 13-27"/34-68 20,0 20,7 3/8 3/8 0,058/1,5 0,058/1,5 7 7 Noise emissions Cylinder volume, cu.in/cm3 Cylinder bore, inch/mm Stroke, inch/mm Idle speed, rpm Recommended max.
TECHNICAL DATA EC-declaration of conformity (Applies to Europe only) Husqvarna AB, SE-561 82 Huskvarna, Sweden, tel: +46-36-146500, declares under sole responsibility that the chain saws Husqvarna 281XP/XPG and 288XP/XPG from 2002's serial numbers and onwards (the year is clearly stated in plain text on the type plate with subsequent serial number), are in conformity with the requirements of the COUNCIL'S DIRECTIVES: - of June 22, 1998 ”relating to machinery” 98/37/EC, annex IIA.
114 00 55-26 ´+H%T¶65¨ 2002W02
