Hub Installation and User Manual 1027145 – 0001 Revision D December 17, 1999 11717 Exploration Lane, Germantown, MD 20876 Tel: (301) 428–5500 Fax: (301) 428–1868/2830
For important standards compliance information, see appendix B. Copyright 1999 Hughes Network Systems, a Hughes Electronics Corporation company All rights reserved. This publication and its contents are proprietary to Hughes Network Systems, a Hughes Electronics Corporation company. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of Hughes Network Systems, 11717 Exploration Lane, Germantown, Maryland 20876.
Contents About this manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Important safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix 1 Installation summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 1.1 Hub reference drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Installation summary and checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 Installing IFL cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 IFL cable specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview: IFL plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Determining the IFL cable route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Penetrating the roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10–1 Adding or moving SSIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replacing components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replacing the ODU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Replacing the IDU chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vi Hub installation 1027145– 0001 Revision D
About this manual This manual provides instructions for installing and using AIReach Broadband point–to–multipoint equipment at a hub site. User qualifications This manual is intended for use by qualified equipment installers.
Revision record viii About this manual Revision Date of issue A April 21, 1999 Released for UL approval. B June 8, 1999 Added new and updated information. C August 9, 1999 D December 17, 1999 Hub installation Scope Added troubleshooting and maintenance information. Updated illustrations; various revisions and additions.
Important safety information For your own safety and protection, read this safety section carefully. Keep this safety information where you can refer to it if necessary. Types of warnings used in this manual This section introduces the types of warnings used in this manual to alert you to possible safety hazards that could be encountered while installing AIReach Broadband equipment.
Warnings appearing in this manual This manual includes the following safety warnings: DANGER If you have to walk on a roof or use a ladder to access an installation site or equipment, follow these precautions to prevent personal injury or death: • Do not walk near the edge of the roof. • Watch out for overhead power lines. Stay at least 6 meters (20 feet) from power lines. • Walk only on sound roof structures.
WARNING Potential radio frequency (RF) hazard: • Keep away from the front of the outdoor unit (ODU) antenna while the ODU is operating. Note that you cannot tell from outward appearance whether the ODU is operating or not. • Be careful with respect to the ODU you are installing and ODUs that may already be operating in the installation area. Failure to observe these warnings could result in injury to eyes or other personal injury.
WARNING To avoid the risk of electric shock, remove power from the power circuit before connecting power cables to the IDU power supply. WARNING The IDU chassis must be solidly bonded to a low–impedance ground (earth) source. To avoid the risk of electric shock and/or equipment damage, do not apply power to the IDU chassis without a ground reference. WARNING To avoid the risk of electric shock, make sure the dc power source breaker is off before installing a remote power–off circuit.
Chapter 1 HUB INSTALLATION Installation summary This chapter includes: • Hub reference drawing – page 1–2 • HT installation summary – page 1–3 The installation summary previews the entire installation process and serves as a quick reference. For detailed information, see chapters 2 through 8.
1.1 Hub reference drawing Figure 1-1 illustrates the main hub components: • • • • Outdoor units (ODUs) Intrafacility link (IFL) Indoor units (IDUs) Other indoor hub equipment A hub terminal (HT) consists of an ODU and IDU connected by an IFL. A hub includes at least one HT, but typically includes multiple HTs.
1.2 Installation summary and checklist Components to be installed The following AIReach Broadband components are installed at the hub site: • ODU(s) – Integrated antenna and transceiver • IFL • Indoor unit(s) (IDU), including: - IDU channel and control module (CCM) - IDU service–specific interfaces (SSIs) • Optional: hub rack Transmission equipment such as ATM and TDM multiplexers is available from HNS as an option.
Connect the IFL cable to the ODU – page 5–15 Install the hub rack (optional) – page 6–2 Ground the rack – page 6–6 Install indoor unit (IDU) – page 6–7 Connect power supply – page 6–11 Ground the IDU chassis (if required) – page 6–14 (ac) or 6–17 (dc) Install CCM – page 6–26 Install SSIs – page 6–28 Connect IFL to the CCM – page 6–32 For each IDU, repeat steps on pages 6–7 through 6–32.
Chapter 2 HUB INSTALLATION Prerequisites This chapter discusses steps that are required prior to installation of AIReach Broadband hub equipment. It includes the following sections: • Reviewing site data and plans – page 2–1 • Planning ahead for building access – page 2–2 • Tools needed for installation – page 2–3 • Prerequisites for commissioning – page 2–7 2.
2.2 Planning ahead for building access Before you go to the installation site, make sure you have all necessary information (such as contact names and phone numbers) for accessing all parts of the building you will need to visit (roof, equipment rooms—which may be in the basement, and other locations). This information should be available in the Site Data Record, which is completed as part of the site survey. Recommendations: • Know who to contact for assistance (name, phone number, working hours).
2.3 Tools needed for installation To install and commission AIReach Broadband hub equipment, you need the tools listed in table 2-1 . You may need general– purpose tools in addition to the specific tools listed here. Table 2-1 Tools required for HT installation (includes tools for IFL installation, antenna alignment, and initial testing) √ Item Purpose (or other comments) Ladder May or may not be required; depends on building Rope To hoist tools and equipment up ladders.
Table 2-1 Tools required for HT installation – Cont’d. (includes tools for IFL installation, antenna alignment, and initial testing) √ Item Purpose (or other comments) Diagonal cutters (wire cutters) Flush mount cutters Excelta CX–1–78–1 cable stripping tool Manufacturer: Excelta Corp.
Table 2-1 Tools required for HT installation – Cont’d. (includes tools for IFL installation, antenna alignment, and initial testing) √ Item Purpose (or other comments) Detailed local map Used to align HT antennas. Must show true north, streets, buildings, and landmarks. Helpful if the map shows magnetic declination (or magnetic north versus true north). A U.S. Geological Survey map is recommended. A travel map will suffice if it shows sufficient detail.
Figure 2-1 shows the specialized tools included in the ODU installer tool kit (HNS 1024668–0024). These tools can also be ordered separately: Temporary installation collar with clamp – HNS 1024668–0022; one azimuth/elevation adjuster (interchangeable) – HNS 1024668–0023. These tools are removed after mount installation and alignment so they can be reused for subsequent installations.
2.4 Prerequisites for commissioning You will not be able to commission HTs (as detailed in chapter 7) unless the Element Management System (EMS) is operational. Specific requirements for commissioning are: The EMS hardware and software must be installed and operational. The EMS database must be loaded and operational. The EMS operator has to enter the hub MAC address into the EMS database. Additional prerequisites for commissioning are listed in chapter 7.
Chapter 3 HUB INSTALLATION Installing mast mounts This chapter includes: • Overview – page 3–2 • Roof and ladder safety – page 3–3 • Mount location – page 3–3 • Handling materials – page 3–4 • Roof types – page 3–5 • Mast mount types – page 3–5 • Standard nonpenetrating mount – page 3–6 • Existing structures – page 3–13 1027145– 0001 Revision D Hub installation Installing mast mounts 3–1
3.1 Overview Typically, the installers assemble a nonpenetrating roof mount for each ODU to be installed. In some cases, a different type of mast mount may be used, or an existing structure may be used. The mount supports the mast in a vertical position, and the ODU is mounted on the mast, as shown in figure 3-1.
3.2 Roof and ladder safety DANGER If you have to walk on a roof or use a ladder to access an installation site or equipment, follow these precautions to prevent personal injury or death: • Do not walk near the edge of the roof. • Watch out for overhead power lines. Stay at least 6 meters (20 feet) from power lines. • Walk only on sound roof structures. • Do not work on a roof or ladder in high wind, rain, lightning, or other adverse weather conditions.
3.4 Handling materials Depending on the installation location, you may have to hoist the mount kit, ballast (concrete blocks), IFL cable, and tools to the rooftop as shown in figure 3-2. Using two or more people for this task will save considerable time.
3.5 Roof types Many roof types are suitable for AIReach Broadband ODU installations. Mount installation procedures for the following common roof types are described later in this chapter: • Rubber cap sheet/glued rubber cap sheet • Loose gravel on rubber cap sheet • Corrugated metal The roof type is a factor in the type of mast mount selected. Also, some mount installation steps may be different, depending on the roof type. 3.
3.7 Standard nonpenetrating mount The standard nonpenetrating roof mount, HNS 9200375–0001, is a flat, metal–frame mount assembled from a kit. It requires a 6.5–by–6.5–foot space (1.98 by 1.98 meters) and includes a 7–foot (2.1–meter) mast. You install the mount on a rubber pad; concrete blocks are added for ballast. The standard mount can be used on a variety of flat roof types, as detailed below. Instructions are given below for various types of roofs.
Figure 3-4 identifies the main mount components. Mast Mast brace angle Outer base angle Inner brace angle Rubber pad Diagonal base angle rt015 Figure 3-4 Mount components • Follow steps 3 through 10 to assemble the mount. 3. Place the mount’s four outer base angles on the rubber pad. 4. Place the mount’s diagonal base angles on the rubber pad and connect them to the outer base angles at the locations circled in figure 3-5.
5. Place the mast between the diagonal base angles. Secure the diagonal base angles to the mast as shown in figure 3-6. 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 rt014 Bolt Flat washer Lock washer Hex nut Figure 3-6 Attaching the diagonal base angles to the mast Diagonal base angles opposite each other are secured to the mast with one set of hardware as shown below.
6. Attach the mast brace angles to the mast. See figure 3-7. 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 rt041 Carriage bolt Flat washer Lock washer Hex nut Figure 3-7 Attaching the mast brace angles to the mast Mast brace angles opposite each other are secured to the mast with one set of hardware as shown below.
7. Place the inner brace angles on the rubber pad and connect them to the diagonal base angles and mast brace angles as shown in figure 3-8. 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 rt016 Carriage bolt Flat washer Lock washer Hex nut Figure 3-8 Attaching inner brace angles to diagonal base angles and mast brace angles 8. 3–10 Installing mast mounts Refer to the Site Data Record (from the site survey) to determine how many concrete blocks are required to anchor the mount.
9. Place the concrete blocks on the mount so they are evenly spaced, with the ends of each block anchoring both the inner and outer base angles, as shown in figure 3-9. rtph010 Figure 3-9 Proper placement of concrete blocks on the mount 10. Corrugated metal When the mount installation is complete, if the roof is covered with gravel, replace gravel up to the outside edges of the mount. See figure 3-9. Do not replace gravel in the area inside the mount base. Leave the rubber pad exposed.
5. Lay out the 4 x 4s, as shown in figure 3-10, so that each piece is: - In the recessed portion of the roof - Parallel to the raised seams - Equally spaced to support the mast, mount braces and sides, and concrete blocks, as shown in figure 3-10. Lay the lumber with the pad side down, so that the pad is between the roof and the lumber.
3.8 Using existing structures as ODU mounts In some cases, you may be able to mount an ODU to an existing structure, such as a tower built to support communications antennas. The key factors for determining if an existing structure can be used as mast are that the structure must: • Be securely attached to the building (and capable of sustaining specified wind loadings). • Have an outside diameter of 2.0 to 4.5 inches. • Meet line of sight (LOS) requirements.
Chapter 4 HUB INSTALLATION Installing ODUs This chapter explains how to install ODUs at the hub.
4.1 Introduction For conceptual reference figure 4-1 illustrates how hub terminal (HT) ODUs communicate with remote terminals (RT) ODUs. Typically, multiple HTs are used to provide multiple sectors and achieve coverage up to 360°.
The HT outdoor unit (ODU) and integrated antenna attach to a mount installed on a vertical mast, as shown in figure 4-2. Mounted ODU Transceiver Antenna Mast T0006017 Some antenna models may be smaller than the antennas shown here.
Safety warnings When installing ODUs, observe the following safety warnings: DANGER Do not work on a ladder or roof without first reading the safety warnings on page x of this manual. Failure to observe these warnings could result in personal injury or death. WARNING Potential radio frequency (RF) hazard: • Keep away from the front of the outdoor unit (ODU) antenna while the ODU is operating. Note that you cannot tell from outward appearance whether the ODU is operating or not.
Prerequisites Before you can install the outdoor equipment, the mast must be installed. The mast must have an outside diameter of 2.0 to 4.5 inches (5.0 to 11.4 centimeters) and must be securely mounted in a vertical or horizontal position. If the mast is not installed, you will need to install it before you proceed. For additional details concerning the mast, see the AIReach Broadband Hub and Remote Terminal Site Preparation Guide.
4.3 Determining the HT alignment direction To install and align the ODU, you must know the assigned HT alignment direction and where this direction is relative to the HT location. Plot the planned sectors on a local map as explained in this section—then you will know the alignment direction for each HT to be installed. 1. Obtain the HT alignment direction for each HT to be installed (for example, 45°, 135°, and so on) from the Site Data Record (prepared by the site survey team). 2.
True north o 4 sectors plotted for 4 90° ODUs HT alig nm ent dire ctio n o o o Hub o o o o hb081 Figure 4-3 Example: Sectors and HT alignment directions plotted on a local map 1027145– 0001 Revision D Hub installation Installing ODUs 4–7
Magnetic declination changes over time, so use only current declination values. A compass on a roof may be unreliable, due to metal reinforcing rods in concrete and other metal. Stay away from metal if possible. Take several readings. If readings are not consistent, take readings on the street and mark true north (accounting for declination) on the street where you can see it from the roof. Use a compass only for verification; do not rely on a compass alone to align the antenna.
9. Using the map, directional markings you have made on the roof, the protractor, and landmarks, point the center of the antenna toward the HT alignment direction (i.e., toward the center of the sector, or coverage area) as you install the antenna. (See figure 4-4. Installation instructions for the antenna are covered in sections 4.4 through 4.9.) Each sector is defined by a sector angle and coverage angle, as illustrated in figure 4-4.
4.4 ODU installation and alignment tools Figure 4-5 shows the specialized tools included in the AIReach Broadband ODU installer tool kit (HNS 1024668–0024). You use these tools during installation and antenna alignment to: • Support the antenna mount and ODU and • Adjust the antenna azimuth and elevation Instructions for these procedures are included later in this chapter.
4.5 Installing the temporary collar Important: To correctly install the antenna mount, read and carefully follow all instructions in sections 4.5 through 4.9. The temporary installation collar (HNS 1024668–0022; figure 4-6) supports the antenna mount and ODU during installation (as shown in figure 4-5). Mast Temporary mast clamp Temporary installation collar hb036 Figure 4-6 Temporary installation collar Before you install the temporary installation collar: 1.
2. Determine (approximately) how high on the mast to install the temporary installation collar: a. Determine the desired ODU/antenna installation height. Generally, the ODU height is determined as part of the RF survey and is specified in the hub planning documents. If the ODU height is not specified, install the HT ODU as high as possible on the mast. The ODU/antenna must be high enough to clear any obstructions. b. Refer to figure 4-7 for the collar position relative to the installed antenna position.
Attach the temporary installation collar to the mast, as follows: 1. Point the two long arms away from the assigned HT sector, as shown in figures 4-8 and 4-9. 2. Position the collar and clamp on opposite sides of the mast, and swing the clamp toward the collar until you can “capture” the clamp by swiveling the free–swinging bolt into the slot in the clamp. Mast Bolt Swing clamp toward collar. Collar Point these arms away from the assigned HT sector.
3. Align the collar with respect to the direction specified for HT alignment by the Network Planning Group (and recorded in the Site Data Record). See figure 4-9. To determine the actual HT alignment direction with respect to the your location on the roof, refer to the sector map you created (section 4.3). 4. Using a torque wrench with a deep socket, tighten the temporary installation collar locking nuts to 16 foot–pounds torque (21.7 Newton–meters). 2 locking nuts: 16 foot-pounds Mast (21.
4.6 Installing the antenna mount The antenna mount (HNS 1024668–0025) consists of a mast interface and permanent mast clamp, as shown in figure 4-10. Follow the steps below to install the antenna mount. Mast Mast interface Permanent mast clamp Antenna mount Temporary installation collar hb037 Figure 4-10 Antenna mount 1. Determine which side of the permanent mast clamp to use: Use this side against the mast if the mast outside diameter is less than 3.5 inches (8.9 centimeters).
2. Position the mast interface and permanent mast clamp on opposite sides of the mast, with the interface on the same side as the temporary collar, as shown in figure 4-11. Allow the bottom surface of the mast interface to rest on the top surface of the temporary installation collar. Permanent mast clamp Mast Mast interface Swing clamp toward interface. Clamp nut (1 of 4) Align the face of the mast interface so that these two surfaces are parallel.
4.7 Attaching the antenna to the mount 1. Make sure the antenna is right side up. On the back of the antenna is a label with an arrow that points to the top of the antenna. (The label reads “Install antenna this way up.”) 2. The antenna bracket can point to the left or right, as shown in figure 4-12. Before attaching the antenna to the antenna mount, make sure the bracket orientation (to the left or right) is suitable for your installation location.
3. With the antenna radome facing in the direction of the assigned HT sector, position the round, flat surface of the antenna bracket approximately 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) from the mast interface. 4. Rotate the antenna approximately 45° away from the HT alignment direction (assigned sector) until the antenna bracket reliefs (curved indentations) are aligned with the four nuts on the mast interface, as shown in figure 4-13.
6. 45 Rotate the antenna approximately 45° toward the HT alignment direction (sector), to the upright position, as shown in figure 4-14—then finger tighten the antenna bracket locking nuts so the antenna is snug and without excess movement. The antenna is now “captured” by the antenna mount. However, because the antenna bracket nuts are not fully tightened, you can adjust the antenna elevation.
4.8 Adjusting the antenna azimuth To adjust the antenna azimuth (horizontal pointing direction), you move the antenna to the left or right, as illustrated in figure 4-15, until it is pointed in the desired direction (HT alignment direction). Top view Mast Left Antenna azimuth can be HT alignment direction adjusted + 10°. by _ Sector center Right HT antenna T0006005 Figure 4-15 Antenna azimuth adjustment (to right or left) Specific instructions for adjusting the antenna azimuth follow.
Installing the azimuth adjuster This subsection applies only to the 22.5° HT antenna, which requires more precise azimuth alignment than the 90° and 45° antennas. If you are installing a 90° or 45° antenna, skip this subsection. You do not need to install an azimuth adjuster. For fine azimuth adjustment (next subsection), install the azimuth adjuster as shown in figure 4-16. The azimuth/elevation adjusters are identical. Use either one as the azimuth adjuster or elevation adjuster.
Fine azimuth adjustment This subsection applies only to the 22.5° HT antenna. If you are installing a 90° or 45° antenna, skip this subsection. You do not need to fine–adjust the azimuth. Now adjust the azimuth more precisely: 1. Using a torque wrench with a deep socket, verify that the torque of the four mast clamp nuts is 20 foot–pounds (27.1 Newton–meters). 4 mast clamp nuts: 20 foot-pounds (27.1 Newton-meters) hb070 Figure 4-17 Tightening the mast clamp nuts 4–22 Installing ODUs 2.
4.9 Adjusting the antenna elevation To adjust the antenna elevation (upward or downward pointing direction), you rotate the antenna upward or downward, as illustrated in figure 4-18, until the elevation is set as desired. Side view Upward elevation 0° elevation Antenna (front) Downward elevation T0006006 Figure 4-18 Antenna elevation adjustment (upward or downward adjustment) Follow the steps below to adjust the antenna to the elevation angle specified on the configuration document.
Installing the elevation adjuster For fine elevation adjustment (next subsection), install the second azimuth/elevation adjuster as shown in figure 4-19. Antenna bracket 3. Finger tighten thumbscrew. 2. Place clamp on antenna bracket. (To move clamp, turn adjuster bolt.) Previously installed azimuth adjuster hb039 1. Insert peg into hole. Install the second adjuster in vertical position for elevation adjustment.
Fine elevation adjustment Now adjust the elevation more precisely: 1. Place an inclinometer on the top surface of the antenna, as shown in figure 4-20. Inclinometer Antenna (front) Downward elevation angle (may also be upward, depending on network configuration) T0006007 Figure 4-20 Inclinometer on top of the antenna 2.
3. When the elevation is properly adjusted, tighten the antenna bracket locking nuts to 16 foot–pounds torque (21.7 Newton–meters). 4 antenna bracket nuts: 16 foot-pounds (21.7 Newton-meters) hb071 Figure 4-21 Tightening the antenna bracket nuts At this point, antenna installation is complete, and the antenna is aligned. Section 4.10 explains how to attach the transceiver to the antenna.
4.10 Attaching the transceiver to the antenna Follow these steps to attach the transceiver to the antenna: 1. Remove the plastic plug from the antenna waveguide and the plastic cap from the transceiver coupling. CAUTION Always keep the waveguide and coupling plugs in place when the transceiver is detached from the antenna, to keep dust or other contamination out. 2.
3. Rotate the transceiver, making sure the transceiver’s mounting bolts slide into the grooves in the antenna bracket. (The direction of rotation depends on the orientation of the antenna bracket—to the right or left.) If the mounting bolts will not slide into the grooves, loosen the bolts. See figure 4-23. Rotate transceiver to slide bolts into grooves. (Rotation direction depends on orientation of antenna bracket to right or left.) Mounting bolts must be fully inserted in grooves.
6. Remove the temporary collar, clamp, and adjuster(s) (figure 4-24), and keep these tools for future installations. Remove all shaded parts. Elevation adjuster Azimuth adjuster hb057 Temporary installation collar Loosen this nut to remove collar.
4.11 Grounding the ODU Grounding the ODU requires several connections, as shown in figure 4-25. In making the ground connections, follow these practices: • For all ODU ground connections, use compression connectors (such as compression lugs or compression clamps). • For all threaded ground connections, use a flat washer and lock washer (with the lock washer next to the nut). Ground the ODU as follows: 1. Connect one end of the ground cable (No.
1. ODU ground connector View from rear Transceiver Single-hole compression lug Ground cable No. 6 AWG or greater Apply anti-oxidant and heat shrink to all ground lugs. Transceiver 3. Antenna 2. Bolted joint on mast mount Ground point on roof (Shown: Bond to structural steel) ODU Side view End view Ground cable Clamp-type ground connector. Strip cable at clamp.
Chapter 5 HUB INSTALLATION Installing IFL cables This chapter includes: • IFL cable specifications – page 5–2 • Overview: IFL plan – page 5–3 • Determining the IFL cable route – page 5–4 • Penetrating the roof – page 5–5 • Installing the penetration sleeve – page 5–6 • Installing the IFL cable inside the building – page 5–7 • Installing the hub lightning arrestor – page 5–8 • Installing the IFL cable on the roof – page 5–13 • Testing the IFL cable – page 5–15 • Connecting the IFL cable to the ODU – page 5
5.1 IFL cable specifications The intrafacility (IFL) cable specified for AIReach Broadband installations is a Type 3 VSAT coaxial cable, HNS 1010812–0001 (1,000–foot / 305–meter spool). This cable is non plenum, CMG UL/C (UL) approved. An acceptable alternative is LMR–400 plenum cable (available from Times Microwave Systems, Wallingford, CT). For additional specifications, see the Hub and Remote Terminal Site Preparation Guide.
5.2 Overview: IFL plan Figure 5-1 shows the IFL and required lightning arrestor. The lightning arrestor is installed on the roof at the IFL building penetration point.
Detailed instructions for installing the IFL and lightning arrestor are included in the following sections. 5.3 Determining the IFL cable route Determine the IFL cable route, from IDU to ODU. Consider the guidelines below. Every building and rooftop is unique; for this reason, some of these guidelines may not apply to your installation: • The most important considerations are the ODU and IDU • • • • • • • • locations and the building entry point.
5.4 Penetrating the roof 1. Determine where the IFL cable will penetrate the roof. Refer to the HT rooftop drawings. Before you drill, consider these guidelines: • Important: Do not penetrate any part of the building structure without first making sure you have the explicit permission of the customer and building owner. • Horizontal penetration is preferable to vertical penetration. (A horizontal hole is less likely to leak.) • Take care not to destroy cabling or wiring under the roof or inside the wall.
5.5 Installing the penetration sleeve The IFL cable must be routed through a penetration sleeve before it is connected to the lightning arrestor. The lightning arrestor is attached to the penetration sleeve after cable installation. 1. Use twelve screws to attach the hub penetration sleeve (sleeve and coupling) to the building surface at the building penetration point. See figure 5-3. The type of screw used depends on the roof thickness and surface composition.
5.6 Installing the IFL cable inside the building You install the IFL cable in two segments, as shown in figure 5-1 (on page 5–3). To install the first cable segment—from the IDU chassis location to the lightning arrestor—follow the instructions and guidelines below. Because every building has unique features, it is not possible to give exact instructions. 1. 2. Measure the cable run length from the IDU chassis location to the lightning arrestor location (IFL building entry point).
5.7 Installing the hub lightning arrestor All AIReach Broadband IFL cables must connect to a grounded lightning arrestor (provided by HNS) at the building penetration point, as shown in figure 5-1 (page 5–3) and explained in this section. A single lightning arrestor can be used for IFL cables for up to eight HTs. WARNING To help avoid death, injury, or damage from a lightning strike, you must install a lightning arrestor where the IFL enters the building.
Connecting the IFL cable to the RF arrestor Follow these steps to route the IFL cable through the lightning arrestor and connect the cable to the RF arrestor: 1. Attach an RF arrestor to the arrestor body with a 3/4–inch (19–millimeter) nut. See figure 5-5. The hub lightning arrestor can accommodate eight RF arrestors. The number of RF arrestors installed is site–specific and will vary.
2. Route the cable from the IDU chassis location through the base of the lightning arrestor and the restraining fitting, as shown in figure 5-6. From IDU Terminate with N connector here. Restraining fitting T0006028 Figure 5-6 Routing IFL cable 3. 4. 5. 6. Terminate the end of the IFL cable with an N connector. For detailed instructions for connecting an N connector, see appendix C. Connect the cable to the RF arrestor, as shown in figure 5-7.
Attaching the arrestor to the penetration sleeve Attach the lightning arrestor to the penetration sleeve: 1. Slide the lightning arrestor over the sleeve, as shown in figure 5-8. 2. Fasten the lightning arrestor to the sleeve with a screw. hb083 Slide the lightning arrestor over the sleeve.
Grounding the lightning arrestor Follow these steps to ground the lightning arrestor: 1. Connect one end of the ground cable (No. 6 AWG or greater, green) to the lightning arrestor ground bar, as shown in figure 5-9. Ground bar Single-hole compression lug Ground cable No. 6 AWG or greater To ground point hb097 Figure 5-9 Hub lightning arrestor grounding connections 2. Route the ground cable to the ground point. When routing the ground cable, you must: • Secure the ground cable at 5–foot (1.
5.8 Installing the IFL cable on the roof Connecting to the lightning arrestor To install the second IFL cable segment—from the lightning arrestor to the ODU—follow the instructions and guidelines below. Because every rooftop has unique features, it is not possible to give exact instructions. Connect the IFL to the lightning arrestor as follows: 1. Measure the cable run length from the lightning arrestor to the ODU.
5. Connect the cable to the RF arrestor, as shown in figure 5-10. hb084 Ground wire To ODU IFL N connector N connector RF arrestor Figure 5-10 Connecting the IFL to the RF arrestor Note: The IFL cable is connected to the IDU after the CCM and SSIs are installed (chapter 6). Do not apply weatherproofing compound or tape until the HT has been tested and commissioned. Weatherproofing is covered in section 8.1.
Testing the IFL cable Test the IFL cable and connectors as follows: 1. Check each connector: Use a multimeter or continuity tester to check for continuity (a short circuit) between the center conductor and the connector body (outer shell). If the meter or tester does not indicate an open (no connection), the connector or cable is defective and must be replaced. 2. Check the connectors and cable: a.
Finishing the cable installation After running the cable, finish the cable installation as follows: 1. Support the cable above the roof surface with a cable trough or wood blocks approximately 4 inches by 4 inches by 4 inches (10 centimeters by 10 centimeters by 10 centimeters): hb010 2. 3. 4. Tie down cable runs on the roof and at the IDU location with tie–wraps. Seal the IFL rooftop entry point with weatherproofing caulk.
HUB INSTALLATION Chapter 6 Installing indoor hub equipment This chapter includes: • Installing the hub rack – page 6–2 • Installing indoor units (IDUs) – page 6–7 • Power supplies – page 6–11 • Installing the CCM – page 6–26 • SSIs – page 6–28 • Connecting the IFL to the CCM – page 6–32 • CCM redundancy bus cable – page 6–33 • Front panel LCD operation – page 6–34 • CCM power–on test – page 6–36 • Checking component status – page 6–39 For IDU standards compliance information, see appendix B (page B–3).
6.1 Installing the hub rack (optional) The optional hub rack (figure 6-1) provides a location for mounting: • IDUs (8 maximum) • A dc power distribution unit • The hub LAN router Capacity: 8 IDUs (allowing for power distribution unit and space for cabling) Mounting holes: 18-5/16 inches (approximately 46.4 centimeters) Height: 7 feet (2.1 meters) Overall: 20-5/16 inches (approximately 51.5 centimeters) Rack width Base (insulator plate): 16 by 20¼ inches (40.6 by 51.
2. Remove the hub rack assembly from its shipping container. WARNING The optional hub rack weighs approximately 115 pounds (52.2 kilograms) empty. Do not attempt to lift it by yourself. Two people should lift or move the rack, when necessary. Failure to observe this warning could result in personal injury. 3. Place the isolation pad (HNS 1018302–0001) where the rack will be installed, and mark the anchor hole locations on the floor with a pencil. 4.
6. Clean out the holes and position the isolation pad and rack mounting bracket over the holes as shown in figure 6-2. 7. Remove the nut and washers from each safety bolt, if used, and place the appropriate washers on the shaft, as shown in figure 6-2. Then drop a safety bolt into the hole. CAUTION When installing the isolation shoulder washer, make sure the shoulder seats completely into the metal floor mounting bracket. Isolation may be compromised if this washer is damaged or improperly installed.
Metal washer Lag bolt Isolation shoulder washer Rack mounting bracket Isolation pad Floor Minimum depth: 2 inches (5 centimeters) Wood floor hb029 Figure 6-3 Installing lag bolts into a wood floor 14. Place the washers shown in figure 6-3 onto the lag bolt. CAUTION When installing the isolation shoulder washer, make sure the shoulder seats completely into the metal floor mounting bracket. Isolation may be compromised if this washer is damaged or improperly installed. 15.
Grounding the rack Ground the rack as shown in figure 6-4: 1. Run a ground wire from the rack location to the master ground bar in the equipment room. This wire must be No. 2 AWG, green, stranded, and shielded. 2. Ground the rack by connecting a No. 6 AWG wire from the rack to the No. 2 AWG ground wire. Use a 2–hole lug to connect the No. 6 AWG wire to the rack. Remove paint and apply anti–oxidant as shown in the illustration. No. 2 AWG wire (green) to master ground bar No.
6.2 Installing IDUs Figure 6-5 shows the HT IDU, which consists of the IDU chassis, the channel and control module (CCM), and service–specific interfaces (SSIs). For IDU standards compliance information, see appendix B (page B–3). IDU components Channel and control module (CCM) IFL interface The main components of the IDU are identified in figure 6-5.
IDU chassis types Three IDU chassis types are available, each with a different power supply option: Table 6-1 IDU types IDU type HNS part number IDU chassis with ac power supply 1026356–0001 IDU chassis with dc power supply (–48 Vdc) 1026356–0002 IDU chassis with dual mode (ac or dc) power supply 1026356–0003 The power supply is not user replaceable. Prerequisites Before you install the IDU chassis, make sure a power source is available.
Rack mounting instructions Mount IDU chassis as close to each other as possible to facilitate cabling. To mount the IDU chassis in a rack, you need the rack mounting brackets included in HNS kit 1027191–0001. This kit includes two brackets and six Phillips SEMS screws for attaching the bracket to the IDU. To mount the IDU chassis in a rack, follow these steps: 1. Attach the rack mounting brackets as shown in figure 6-6.
2. Screw the two upper mounting screws into the rack (one on each side), at the desired installation height. Refer to figure 6-7. Do not tighten the screws all the way—this allows you to hang the chassis by the top “teardrop” holes on the brackets (in step 3). (The four mounting screws that screw into the rack should be provided with the rack.) Leave part of the upper mounting screws exposed so you can hang the brackets on them. Front hb033 Rack Figure 6-7 Installing the IDU chassis in a rack 3. 4.
6.3 Power supplies Power supply options The IDU power supply is installed in the chassis at the factory. However, you need to make sure the power supply is grounded and connect power to the power supply. Detailed instructions for these steps follow. The IDU chassis may be equipped with an ac, dc, or dual (ac or dc) power supply, depending on the local power environment. In the following sections, make sure you follow all instructions for the type of power supply your IDU chassis has.
Labels on dual power supply A label on the dual ac or dc power supply warns: WARNING MULTIPLE POWER CONNECTORS. DISCONNECT BOTH AC & DC POWER BEFORE SERVICING. Servicing personnel must heed this warning. Note that the IDU and power supply should be serviced only by HNS. A second label on the dual ac or dc power supply advises: CAUTION THIS EQUIPMENT HAS A CONNECTION BETWEEN THE EARTHED CONDUCTOR OF THE D.C. SUPPLY CIRCUIT AND THE EARTHING CONDUCTOR.
AC power supply IDU chassis with an ac power supply (figure 6-9) or dual ac or dc power supply are equipped with a recessed IEC–320–C13 connector and a 7.5–foot (2.3–meter) power cable (HNS 9003024–0013). The power cable includes a NEMA 5–15–P plug to connect to the power source (receptacle). The cable is rated at 125 Vac, 10 amperes, and is equipped with an internal ground (earth) conductor. The primary input requirements for the ac power supply are: Voltage: Current: Frequency: 100 – 240 Vac 6.
Grounding the ac IDU chassis Important: In the United States and some international markets, the required ground bond is provided by the grounding conductor in the cable and ac service conductors. If grounding is provided through the grounding conductor and service conductors, no additional grounding is required. In environments where ac grounding conductors are not available, a separate bonding conductor is required. If a separate bonding conductor is required, ground the ac power supply as follows: 1.
Connecting ac power WARNING The IDU chassis must be solidly bonded to a low–impedance ground (earth) source. To avoid the risk of electric shock and/or equipment damage, do not apply power to the IDU chassis without a ground reference. CAUTION If the ODU and lightening arrestor are not connected to the IFL, do not power on the IDU chassis without first making sure the IFL is not connected to the IDU chassis. Failure to observe this instruction could result in damage to the equipment.
DC power supply Figure 6-11 shows an IDU chassis with a dc power supply. A power cable is not supplied with the dc IDU chassis because cable requirements vary, depending on where the chassis will be used. The power input requirement for the dc power supply (and dc portion of the dual ac or dc power supply) is –42 to –56 Vdc.
Grounding the dc IDU chassis Ground IDU chassis with a dc power supply as follows: 1. Use a 2–hole lug to connect a No. 14 AWG ground wire to the ground terminals on the front of the power supply (figure 6-12). DC power supply hb049 Ground terminals Figure 6-12 Ground terminals on dc power supply 2. Connect the other end of the ground wire to the rack ground bar. If the IDU chassis is not rack mounted, connect the ground wire to a ground point such as a water pipe or building steel.
CAUTION If the ODU and lightening arrestor are not connected to the IFL, do not power on the IDU chassis without first making sure the IFL is not connected to the IDU chassis. Failure to observe this instruction could result in damage to the equipment. To connect power cables from the dc power source (usually a rectifier) to the dc power supply, follow the steps below. 1. 2. 3. Measure the voltage level of the power source to verify it can accommodate the total IDU and ODU power requirements.
• Follow steps 5 through 14 to insert the power cable wires into the power supply terminal block: Unplug the terminal block from the power supply socket. (-)48VDC (+)RETURN 5. Power supply Plug-in terminal block hb108 6. Strip both wires from the power source to about ¼ inch (6 centimeters) from the end. Note: Wires used with the terminal block must meet these specifications: 7. 8. Composition Solid or stranded Wire cross–sectional area 0.2 to 2.
9. 10. Lay the terminal block on a flat surface, with the wire entry holes facing up. Use a small, flat–blade screwdriver (or similar tool) to press in the tab above the wire entry hole on the terminal block. Hold the tab in. Terminal block with one wire inserted Press and hold tab to insert wire. Wire entry holes hb004 11. While holding the tab in, insert the stripped wire end.
Insert the terminal block through the conduit opening and guide it up to the socket. (-)48VDC (+)RETURN 15. Socket Conduit opening hb051 Terminal block Plug the terminal block into the power supply terminal socket. ( - ) 4 8 V D C (+)RETURN 16.
17. 18. 19. Snap the strain relief bushing into the conduit opening. Tighten the screw on the strain relief bushing just enough to hold the wires in place. Do not overtighten. Replace the protective plate and tighten the screws. • This completes the power connections. Powering off the dc IDU The chassis does not have a power off/on switch. In normal operation, power is always on.
If the rectifier–to–chassis power circuit does not include a suitable circuit breaker, you can satisfy the disconnect requirement by including a remote power–off switch as shown in figures 6-13 and 6-14. If the power circuit already includes a suitable circuit breaker, skip this section. 1 2 3 4 5 IDU chassis DC power cable Conduit Remote power-off circuit Rectifier hb006 Figure 6-13 The remote power–off circuit (if needed) is installed between the IDU chassis and dc power source.
WARNING To avoid the risk of electric shock, make sure the dc power source breaker is off before installing a remote power–off circuit. Use a continuity tester to verify that power is off. To install a power–off circuit (if needed), follow these steps: 1. Make sure the rectifier breaker switch is off. 2. Install a UL–approved terminal block inside a UL–approved electrical junction box as shown in figure 6-14.
If you are installing a single–pole remote power–off switch, use a single–pole, single–throw switch rated at 60 Vdc, 15 amperes (minimum): Install jumper 1. In place of jumper 2, wire the switch between the (–) terminal from the rectifier and the (–) terminal from the IDU chassis. • If you installed a switch, follow steps 4 through 9 to test the switch: 4. Place the remote power–off switch in the open position. 5. Replace the junction box cover. 6. Turn on the dc breaker. 7.
6.4 Installing the CCM A channel and control module (CCM) must be installed in the top slot (slot 1) of the IDU chassis. For an HT IDU, the CCM must be a CCM HT (HNS 1027181–0001), as shown in figure 6-15.
1. Wrap the ESD strap snugly around your wrist and connect the alligator clip to one of the ground terminals on the IDU chassis power supply. hb060 2. 3. Remove the CCM from its ESD protective packaging. Retain the packaging in case it is necessary to return the CCM for repair. Slide the module into the guides on each side of the top chassis module slot (slot 1) and push it firmly into place until the CCM front panel is flush with the front of the chassis.
CCM LAN and clock interfaces The CCM HT LAN interface (shown in figure 6-15) is an RJ–48 connector that connects the IDU to the hub LAN router, which provides connectivity to the Element Management System (EMS). The LAN interface supports 10BaseT, up to 10 Mbps. The reference clock interface (shown in figure 6-15) is also a RJ–48 connector. It connects the customer’s clock distribution network to the IDU. (The EMS operator has to configure the IDU to accept an external clock.
OC3c–ATM The OC3c–ATM SSI, shown in figure 6-18, provides an OC3c physical interface and provides ATM cell queuing and multiplexing for over–the–air transmission. Dual SC connector OC3c SSI STATUS ALARM ALARM OK OK Tx Rx hb090 LEDs indicate SSI status Figure 6-18 OC3c–ATM SSI The maximum cable length for an OC3c–ATM SSI is 1,000 feet (305 meters). DS3–transparent The DS3–transparent SSI, shown in figure 6-19, provides a direct point–to–point link between the HT and RT.
Installing SSIs Follow these steps to install SSIs: CAUTION To maintain proper airflow and protect against RF interference, keep any empty chassis slots covered with blank panels. 1. If a blank panel is installed in the slot where you will install the SSI, loosen the thumbscrews on the blank panel and remove it. Keep the blank panel for future use. CAUTION Always wear a new or recently tested electrostatic discharge (ESD) wrist strap (figure 6-20) when handling circuit modules.
2. Wrap the ESD strap snugly around your wrist and connect the alligator clip to one of the ground terminals on the front of the IDU chassis power supply. hb060 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. SSI LED indications Remove the SSI from its ESD protective packaging. Retain the packaging in case it is necessary to return the SSI for repair. Slide the SSI into the guides on each side of the chassis SSI slot and push it firmly into place until the front of the SSI is flush with the front of the IDU chassis.
6.6 Connecting the IFL to the CCM Connect the IFL cable to the CCM: 1. 2. Make sure power to the IDU is off (or disconnected). Using a 90° adapter, connect the IFL to the CCM IFL interface, as shown in figure 6-21. IFL CCM IFL interface HUB CCM TM BROADBAND ENTER 1 2 3 4 5 IDU 90° adapter T0006024 N connector Figure 6-21 Connecting the IFL cable For each IDU to be installed, repeat all applicable steps in sections 6.2 through 6.6 (pages 6–7 through 6–32).
6.7 Redundancy bus cable If a backup HT has been installed, a CCM redundancy bus cable (HNS 1028130–0001) must be installed, as shown in figure 6-22. This cable connects up to five IDUs. It is used for HT IDUs only. Connect the cable from (DB–9) maintenance port to maintenance port, as shown in figure 6-22. If the IDUs cannot be installed close enough to each other to connect the cable, an extender cable is available.
6.8 Front panel LCD operation The text display (LCD) on the CCM front panel (figure 6-23): • • • • Shows CCM startup diagnostics (SUDS) tests as they occur Shows the system boot up sequence Shows the software loading sequence Indicates the status and operational state of system components • Provides functions necessary for commissioning the HT You will use the LCD (liquid crystal display) and buttons on the CCM front panel to conduct the test and checks described in sections 6.9 and 6.10.
LCD menu map The menu map below (figure 6-24) shows the available menu options for HTs. Note: Menu options are not the same for RTs and HTs.
6.9 CCM power–on test To prepare to commission the HT (chapter 7), you: • Perform a CCM power–on test (this section) • Check the status of each main component (section 6.10) The objective is to verify that the equipment is operational before commissioning. If you find a problem, you can correct it prior to commissioning so it will not delay the commissioning process. Check connections Before you conduct the power–on test, make sure all AIReach Broadband equipment is properly connected. 1.
Watchdog timer test SUDS WDT Test The watch dog timer is tested. PCI test SUDS The PCI controller is tested. PCI Test Static dual port RAM test SUDS SDPRAM Test Static dual port RAM is tested. Serial port 1 test SUDS Ser 1 Test Serial port 1 is tested. Serial port 2 test SUDS Ser 2 Test Serial port 2 is tested. LAN ID test SUDS LAN ID Test 1027145– 0001 Revision D Hub installation LAN PCI registers are configured and the LAN ID is read from the LAN controller.
Successful test completion This message indicates that startup diagnostics have successfully completed: SUDS Completed Failure indication If a failure occurs during any of the tests listed above, the LCD message sequence stops. The LCD shows the test that failed on the first line and FAILED (flashing) on the second line, as in the example below. SUDS Ser 2 Test FAILED This screen indicates that serial port 2 failed diagnostics. The LCD remains inactive unless you power the CCM off, then on.
6.10 Checking component status Check CCM status Use the LCD Status option to check the status of the CCM and SSIs. Check the CCM status as follows: 1. Press Enter on the CCM front panel while the Initializing screen shown below is displayed: Initializing Press Enter for Menu (This screen is displayed only after powerup or reset, after SUDS.) This puts the IDU into diagnostic mode. The LCD shows the Main Menu: Main Menu Status 2. Press Enter, to go to (select) the Status menu: Status CCM 3.
Check SSI status Check the status of the installed SSIs as follows: (Note that SSIs are not required for commissioning. They can be installed after HT commissioning.) 1. Press Enter on the CCM front panel while the Initializing screen shown below is displayed: Initializing Press Enter for Menu (This screen is displayed only after powerup or reset, after SUDS.) This puts the IDU into diagnostic mode. The LCD shows the Main Menu: Main Menu Status 2.
5. Press Enter to show the status of the selected SSI: SSI 3 OK The possible status conditions for CCMs, SSIs, and the ODU are: OK Degraded Failed Unknown (as explained on page 6–39) Check the status of each installed SSI. The RT must be operational before you can check the ODU status. Check the ODU status (later) as part of the HT commissioning process, as explained on page 7–7. 6.
Chapter 7 HUB INSTALLATION Commissioning HTs This chapter includes: • Prerequisites for commissioning – page 7–2 • HT commissioning procedure – page 7–3 • HT to RT connection tests – page 7–8 Commissioning refers to verification procedures to ensure that the newly installed hub terminal (HT) is operational. Note: Most references in this chapter are to an HT. A hub may consist of one HT but usually consists of multiple HTs. Each HT—an ODU, IFL, and IDU—must be commissioned separately.
7.1 Prerequisites for commissioning To ensure successful commissioning, you must verify that the prerequisites listed below have been accomplished. These tasks must all be completed prior to commissioning. If any of them has not been done, make sure they are completed before you proceed with commissioning. The HT ODU, IFL, and IDU must be installed and connected. The Element Management System (EMS) hardware and software must be installed and operational.
7.2 HT commissioning procedure Summary To commission the HT, you apply power and observe the CCM LCD while the HT downloads software and configuration data from the EMS. This verifies that the HT equipment is operational. (However, the HT is not ready for service until SSIs have been configured by the EMS operator.) To observe software and configuration downloading, you power up the IDU and observe the LCD on the CCM front panel.
Startup diagnostics (SUDS) sequence Startup diagnostics (SUDS) begin when the CCM is first powered up. SUDS test the CCM’s components individually 1. Apply power to the IDU/ CCM, and observe the SUDS sequence on the LCD: For test identification details, see chapter 6, section 6.9.
Boot up sequence After successful completion of startup diagnostics, the CCM begins the boot up sequence. A CCM restart (or soft reboot—without loss of power) also initiates boot up. 2. Observe the boot up sequence: Hardware Initialization Initializing The CCM hardware components are initialized. Several devices are initialized. If the baseband signal processor (BSP) is unable to initialize the device, the hardware is reset and another attempt to initialize occurs.
Software loading When the CCM receives a boot reply message from the EMS boot server, it begins to load its operational software. 3. Observe the Loading Software message on the LCD: Loading Software If the CCM is unable to load its software, the LCD returns to the boot up sequence. Configuration loading Operational state After loading its software, the CCM loads its configuration data. After loading its configuration, the CCM becomes operational. This is indicated by HT Disabled on the LCD. 4.
Verify ODU status Verify the status of the ODU as follows: 1. Press Enter on the CCM front panel. (The CCM must be in operational mode, as indicated by HT Enabled on the LCD.) The LCD shows: Main Menu Status 2. Press Enter, to go to (select) the Status menu: Status CCM 3. Press the up arrow button twice to scroll to the ODU status option: Status ODU 4.
7.3 HT to RT connection tests DS1 test Perform the applicable tests described below if the newly installed HT meets the listed requirements. If the HT does not yet meet these requirements, perform the tests at a later time. This test verifies the DS1 connection from the HT to the RT. Requirements The DS1 test described below requires the following: • The HT must be operational and in contact with the EMS. • The RT must be fully installed, commissioned, and in contact with the EMS through the hub.
HT to RT DS1 test results HT location: ____________________________________________ Test successful? ___ Yes ___ No RSSI __________ If not successful, complete: Bit error rate _______________ Frame slips _______________ Frame errors _______________ Clock slips ________________ Trouble report generated? ___ Yes ___ No If yes, report number: ____________________ If applicable: Faulty module part number ______________________ Serial number _____________________ If applicable: Replacement board part nu
DS3 test This test verifies the DS3 connection from the HT to the RT. Requirements The DS3 test described below requires the following: • The HT must be operational and in contact with the EMS. • The RT must be fully installed, commissioned, and in contact with the EMS through the hub. • DS3 services must be configured and provisioned. • There must be no alarms present at the RT location.
HT to RT DS3 test results HT location: ____________________________________________ Test successful? ___ Yes ___ No RSSI __________ If not successful, complete: Bit error rate _______________ Frame slips _______________ Frame errors _______________ Clock slips ________________ Trouble report generated? ___ Yes ___ No If yes, report number: ____________________ If applicable: Faulty module part number ______________________ Serial number _____________________ If applicable: Replacement board part nu
Fractional DS1 test This test verifies the fractional DS1 connection from the HT to the RT. Requirements The fractional DS1 test described below requires the following: • The HT must be operational and in contact with the EMS. • The RT must be fully installed, commissioned, and in contact with the EMS through the hub. • DS3/DS1, fractional DS0 services must be configured and provisioned. • There must be no alarms present at the RT location.
HT to RT fractional DS1 test results HT location: ____________________________________________ Number of DS0s tested _______ Test successful? ___ Yes ___ No RSSI __________ If not successful, complete: Bit error rate _______________ Frame slips _______________ Frame errors _______________ Clock slips ________________ Trouble report generated? ___ Yes ___ No If yes, report number: ____________________ If applicable: Faulty module part number ______________________ Serial number _____________________
Fractional DS3 test This test verifies the fractional DS3 connection from the HT to the RT. Requirements The fractional DS3 test described below requires the following: • The HT must be operational and in contact with the EMS. • The RT must be fully installed, commissioned, and in contact with the EMS through the hub. • Fractional DS3 services must be configured and provisioned. • There must be no alarms present at the RT location.
HT to RT fractional DS3 test results HT location: ____________________________________________ Number of DS1s tested ______ Test successful? ___ Yes ___ No RSSI __________ If not successful, complete: Bit error rate _______________ Frame slips _______________ Frame errors _______________ Clock slips ________________ Trouble report generated? ___ Yes ___ No If yes, report number: ____________________ If applicable: Faulty module part number ______________________ Serial number _____________________
Chapter 8 HUB INSTALLATION Final steps This chapter describes the final steps you take before leaving the customer site after completing the installation: • Weatherproofing – page 8–2 • Inspection, cleanup, and customer sign–off – page 8–3 • Connecting customer equipment – page 8–3 Safety warnings Observe these safety warnings while performing final inspections and related tasks: DANGER Do not work on a ladder or roof without first reading the safety warnings on page x of this manual.
8.1 Weatherproofing After the HT has been successfully commissioned, seal all outdoor IFL connections (including connections to the lightning arrestor assembly) with electrical tape and weatherproofing compound to protect against moisture penetration: See figure 8-1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Starting at the connector end, wrap electrical tape around the connector and part of the cable.
8.2 Inspection, cleanup, and sign–off Inspection After all equipment is installed and commissioned, visit each installation area to inspect the equipment and make sure the area is left clean and orderly. Inspect all equipment to make sure: • All cables are dressed (as necessary) and not bent • • • • • Cleanup excessively. All connections are secure. IFL connections and entry panels are properly waterproofed. IDUs, racks, and ODUs are properly grounded. Antenna mount bolts are tightened.
HUB INSTALLATION Chapter 9 Troubleshooting This chapter includes: • Troubleshooting flow charts – page 9–1 • Service information – page 9–6 9.1 Troubleshooting flow charts The troubleshooting flow charts in this chapter will help isolate most problems you might encounter during installation and operation of the AIReach Broadband system. Each flow chart begins with a specific problem, then leads you to specific corrective actions you should take.
Troubleshooting the CCM Problem: CCM will not power up. Is the correct voltage present at the IDU chassis input? No Check power source. No Replace IDU chassis. Yes Does chassis cooling fan operate when power is applied? Yes Replace CCM.
Troubleshooting the CCM - Continued Problem: CCM failed startup diagnostics (SUDS). Replace CCM. Problem: During CCM bootup / hardware initialization, LCD displays any of the following messages, indicating a device failure: Host Cfg Failed PLX Failed PLX IO Failed LAN Failed RCC FPGA Failed BSB FPGA Failed QPIG FPGA Failed Tim syn Failed Replace CCM.
Troubleshooting the hub site LAN connection Problem: EMS cannot communicate with HT CCM. Can the EMS operator ping the router nearest to the hub? No Ask network manager to check network routing tables. Yes 1. Check the cable from the router and LAN hub to the CCM. 2. Check the CCM MAC address in the EMS database accessible at the CCM. 3. Check the routing information in the EMS database. 4. Replace the CCM.
Hub site LAN connection - Continued Problem: HT does not download software. Are Bootp IP messages reaching the EMS? No 1. Ping the nearest router. (If no response, contact network manager.) 2. Check LAN cable from the router and LAN hub. 3. Replace the CCM. Yes 1. Check IP address in the EMS database. 2. Check HT MAC address.
Troubleshooting: "HT Disabled" Problem: After CCM has downloaded its software, CCM LCD shows "HT Disabled" message. Are SSIs installed and configured? No "HT Disabled" message is normal if SSIs have not been installed and configured. Yes Check CCM, SSIs, and ODU via CCM LCD Status menu. If Status screen shows "CCM Failed" or "SSI(number) Failed" . . . If Status screen shows "ODU Failed" . . . Replace the CCM or indicated SSI. 1. Check IFL cable for continuity. 2. Check IFL cable connectors. 3.
Chapter 10 HUB INSTALLATION Maintenance The AIReach Broadband physical system requires no routine maintenance. However, to facilitate expansion, reconfiguration, or repairs, you may need to add, move, or replace components.
10.1 Adding or moving SSIs Notify the EMS operator before you add or move SSIs. Make sure the EMS operator has performed any prerequisite steps that may be necessary before you add or move an SSI. For instructions on replacing SSIs, see section 10.6. CAUTION Always wear a new or recently tested electrostatic discharge (ESD) wrist strap (figure 6-16) when handling circuit modules. Failure to use a wrist strap may result in damage to components.
10.2 Replacing components The following HT components can be replaced at the installation site if a problem is attributed to the component: • • • • • ODU IDU chassis CCM SSIs IFL Specific instructions for replacing each component follow, in sections 10.3 through 10.7. 10.3 Replacing the ODU If the ODU is faulty, you normally replace the transceiver only (which contains the ODU electronics).
Replacing the transceiver To replace the transceiver, follow these steps: Removing the existing transceiver 1. 2. 3. Make sure the EMS operator has taken the HT out of service. At the IDU location: Remove power from the IDU chassis power supply. On the roof: Disconnect the ground cable and IFL from the ODU transceiver, as shown in figure 10-1.
4. Loosen the four transceiver mounting bolts (shown in figure 10-2). Rotate transceiver to slide bolts out of grooves. (Rotation direction depends on orientation of antenna bracket to right or left.) Transceiver Antenna bracket (between antenna and transceiver) Groove and mounting bolt. (Bolts are attached to transceiver.) Some antenna models may be smaller than the antenna shown here. Antenna T0006016 Figure 10-2 Removing the transceiver 5. 6.
Replacing the antenna If you need to replace the antenna, follow these steps: Removing the existing antenna 1. 2. Remove the transceiver (steps 1 through 6 above, beginning on page 10–4). Be sure to remove power from the IDU chassis power supply. Loosen the four antenna bracket locking nuts.
3. Rotate the antenna (clockwise or counterclockwise) until the antenna bracket reliefs (curved indentations) are aligned with the four nuts on the mast interface, as shown in figure 10-4. Antenna mount Relief Nut Antenna bracket Relief hb117 Rotate antenna and antenna bracket until reliefs are aligned with the 4 antenna bracket locking nuts, as show at right. Reliefs not aligned with nuts Reliefs aligned with nuts (Antenna in position to be removed) Figure 10-4 Removing the antenna 4. 5.
Installing the replacement antenna 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 10–8 Maintenance Install a temporary installation collar below the antenna mount, as explained in section 4.5 (page 4–11). You need the temporary installation collar so you can align the replacement antenna. Attach the replacement antenna to the mount, as explained in section 4.7 (page 4–17). Align the replacement antenna by adjusting the azimuth and elevation as detailed in sections 4.8 and 4.9 (beginning on page 4–20).
10.4 Replacing the IDU chassis Do not attempt to service or replace the IDU chassis power supply. If there is a problem with the power supply, replace the entire IDU chassis. To replace the IDU chassis, follow these steps: If you need additional details concerning the instructions below, see chapter 6. Removing the existing IDU chassis 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Make sure the EMS operator has taken the HT out of service. Remove power from the IDU chassis power supply.
6. Place the CCM in its ESD protective packaging. 7. Remove all SSIs: a. Using a piece of tape on the SSI front panel, mark the slot number where each SSI was installed. b. Loosen the thumbscrews at each end. c. Using an ESD wrist strap connected to a chassis ground terminal, slide the SSI out of its slot. 8. Place each SSI in ESD protective packaging. 9. If the IDU chassis is rack mounted, remove the four mounting screws and remove the chassis from the rack. 10.
10.5 Replacing the CCM If you need to replace the CCM, follow these steps: If you need additional details concerning the instructions below, see section 6.4 (page 6–26). Removing the existing CCM 1. 2. 3. 4. Make sure the EMS operator has taken the HT out of service. Remove power from the IDU chassis power supply. Loosen the thumbscrews at each end of the (existing) CCM. Using an ESD wrist strap connected to a chassis ground terminal, slide the CCM out of its slot, as shown in figure 10-6.
10.6 Replacing SSIs To replace an SSI, follow the steps below. SSIs are hot swappable, so you do not need to power off the IDU to replace an SSI. If you need additional details concerning the instructions below, see section 6.5 (page 6–28). Removing the SSI 1. 2. 3. Note which slot the SSI to be replaced is in. Loosen the thumbscrews at each end of the SSI. Using an ESD wrist strap connected to a chassis ground terminal, slide the SSI out of its slot.
10.7 Replacing the IFL If you suspect problems with the IFL, check all IFL connections and then test the IFL. Replace the IFL only if there is a known problem that cannot be corrected any other way. DANGER Do not work on a ladder or roof without first reading the safety warnings on page x of this manual. Failure to observe these warnings could result in personal injury or death.
Environments where IFLs are installed vary widely. Therefore, use the general instructions below as guidelines. If you need to replace the IFL: 1. 2. 3. Make sure the EMS operator has taken the HT out of service. Remove power from the IDU chassis power supply.
10.8 Dismantling an HT If you need to dismantle an entire HT, follow the steps below. DANGER Do not work on a ladder or roof without first reading the safety warnings on page x of this manual. Failure to observe these warnings could result in personal injury or death. WARNING Potential radio frequency (RF) hazard: • Keep away from the front of the outdoor unit (ODU) antenna while the ODU is operating. Note that you cannot tell from outward appearance whether the ODU is operating or not.
Appendix A Acronyms and abbreviations ac – alternating current LAN – local area network ATM – asynchronous transfer mode lb – pound(s) AWG – American wire gauge LCD – liquid crystal display LED – light emitting diode BER – bit error rate LOS – line of sight BSP – baseband signal processor m – meter C – Celsius MAC – media access control CCM – channel and control module mm – millimeter cm – centimeter CMR – communication riser NEBS – Network Equipment Building Standards CPU – central processin
V – volt Vac – volt, alternating current Vdc – volt, direct current VSAT – very small aperture terminal WND – Wireless Networks Division WDT – watch dog timer A- 2 1027145 – 0001 Revision D
Appendix B Standards compliance This appendix includes standards compliance information for the AIReach Broadband outdoor unit (ODU) and ac power indoor unit (IDU). Information is included for: • Interference standards compliance • Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
B.1 Outdoor unit This section provides information on the AIReach Broadband outdoor unit (ODU). FCC compliance This equipment complies with Part 15 of United States Federal Communication Commission (FCC) Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
B.2 Indoor unit (ac) FCC compliance This section provides information on the AIReach Broadband ac power indoor unit (IDU). This equipment complies with Part 15 of United States Federal Communication Commission (FCC) Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Appendix C Terminating IFL cables This appendix explains in detail how to terminate the IFL cable ends by attaching an N–type connector.
C.1 Cable parts and terminology Figure C-1 shows the main cable components. IFL cable, terminated - shown without heat-shrink tubing N connector N connector Outer jacket Braid Center conductor (solid or stranded copper) Dielectric (foam or flexible plastic) hb013 7/32 inch (6 millimeters) Figure C-1 IFL cable components HNS kit 9006284–0002 contains two N connectors.
C.2 Preparing the cable end Prepare the cable end as follows: 1. 2. 3. Inspect the cable end for damage from handling and trim off any damaged portions. Cut the cable as cleanly and squarely as possible. Slip the crimp ring and a piece of heat–shrink tubing (HNS9007488–0005) onto the cable, as shown in figure C-2. Heat-shrink tubing Crimp ring Butt-cut cable end hb014 Figure C-2 Slipping the crimp ring and heat–shrink tubing onto the cable 4.
Gold-colored cable stop Stripper jaws Butt-cut cable end Barrel 1. Insert cable into barrel. 2. Squeeze and rotate tool to strip cable. 3. Remove jacket and dielectric to expose center conductor.
5. 6. Using a razor knife, carefully slit the outer jacket as shown in figure C-4. Cut around the cable; then cut from the cable end to the first cut. Cut completely through the jacket, but do not cut into the braid. Using the razor knife or a pair of diagonal cutters, lift the jacket and peel it away as shown in figure C-4. Remove jacket. 1 2 hb016 5/8 inch (16 millimeters) Figure C-4 Cutting and removing the jacket 7.
8. Flare the braid slightly and trim to 7/16 inch (11 millimeters), as shown in figure C-5. 7/16 inch (11 millimeters) Jacket hb093 Braid Figure C-5 Braid, flared and trimmed 9. Cut approximately 1/4 inch (6 millimeters) of the excess braid so that all braids will be under the crimp ring when the connector is completed. C.3 Attaching the connector The following steps explain how to attach the IFL (N) connector. The same type of connector is used at both ends.
To install the cable connector, follow these steps. 1. 2. Place the insulating washer against the dielectric. Push the center pin (with guide pin attached) over the cable center conductor, as shown in figure C-7. Crimp area Center pin Guide pin T0006021 Insulating washer Crimp flush with washer. Figure C-7 Installing the insulator and center pin 3. Use the HCT–231 crimp tool (figure C-8) to crimp the center pin flush with the washer, as shown in figure C-7.
4. Follow the instructions in figure C-9 to install the connector body and crimp ring, and remove the guide pin. Guide pin and center pin 1. Insert guide pin through back of connector body until the cable stops. Crimp ring Connector body Center pin Guide pin Ground socket Center pin inside connector body Recess hb022 2. Slide crimp ring over braid and into recess. 3. Remove and discard guide pin. Figure C-9 Installing the connector body and crimp ring 5.
6. Comb the braid only if the crimp ring will not fit over the shoulder and braid. If the crimp ring fits over the shoulder and braid, skip to step 7). a. Insert a pick or scribe into the braid and carefully comb the strands as shown in figure C-10. Start combing at the cut end. Comb the strands around the entire perimeter. Work backward, from the cut end toward the jacket—but always combing away from the jacket, as shown in figure C-10.
7. While holding the connector assembly together snugly, position the HCT–231 crimping tool, at setting 0.475, onto the area shown in figure C-11 and securely crimp the crimp ring into place. CAUTION To avoid damaging the connector body, make sure the crimping tool does not touch the connector jam nut. Crimp Maximum gap (exposed braid): 0.03 inch (0.8 millimeter) Best if no gap. hb024 Figure C-11 Crimp location Note: If the crimp ring slips and results in a gap greater than 0.03 inch (0.
C.4 Applying heat–shrink tubing Apply the heat–shrink tubing as follows: 1. Position the heat–shrink tubing near (but not touching) the jam nut, so it covers the crimp ring and a portion of the connector collar, as shown in figure C-12. Heat-shrink tubing Crimp ring Collar Jam nut hb026 Figure C-12 Heat–shrink tubing, properly placed for shrinking 2. Using a heat gun, heat-shrink the tubing until it snugly fits around the cable, crimp ring, and part of the connector collar.
Index A Abbreviations (identified), A- 1 Access, buildings and equipment locations, 2–2 Acronyms (identified), A- 1 Adding SSIs, 10–2 Adjusters (to adjust azimuth or elevation), 2–6, 4–10 installing azimuth adjuster, 4–21 installing elevation adjuster, 4–24 Aligning the HT antenna, 4–6 Antenna adjusting azimuth, 4–20 adjusting elevation, 4–23 attaching to the antenna mount, 4–17 replacing, 10–6 Antenna bracket, changing left–right orientation, 4–17 Antenna mount collar, 4–10 installing, 4–11 installing, 4–1
Connections checking, 6–36, 8–3 weatherproofing, 8–2 Corrugated metal roof, 3–11 Crimp tool, C–7 Customer equipment, connecting, 8–3 Customer sign–off, 8–3 D Devices, CCM, 7–5 Diagnostic mode, 6–34 Diameter of ODU mast, 4–5 Dismantling an HT, 10–15 Documents, related, vii Drawings hub network schematic, 2–1 hub reference drawing, 1–2 hub rooftop drawing, 2–1 DS1 test, 7–8 DS1 test (fractional DS1), 7–12 DS3 test, 7–10 DS3 test (fractional DS3), 7–14 DS3–TDM SSI, 6–28 DS3–transparent SSI, 6–29 E F FAILED
I IDU, 6–7 See also IDU chassis components, 6–7 illustrated, 6–7 standards compliance, B–3 IDU chassis See also IDU connecting the IFL, 6–32 dc circuit breaker, 6–22 disconnect device, 6–22 power–off circuit, 6–22 powering off, 6–22 LCD. See LCD power supply, 6–8, 6–11 ac, 6–13 dc, 6–16 dual ac or dc, 6–11 power–on test, 6–25 rack mounting, 6–8 options, 6–8 replacing, 10–9 slots, numbering of, 6–7 specifications.
M MAC address, 7–2 removing tools, 4–29 tools included, 4–10 uses, 4–10 Magnetic declination, 4–6 ODU location, 3–3 Main Menu (CCM LCD), 6–34 Operational state, 7–6 possible states, 7–6 Maintenance, 10–1 Maps local, requirements, 2–5, 4–5 magnetic declination, 4–6 plotting HT alignment directions, 4–6 true north, 4–6 Mast, diameter, 4–5 Mast mount, 3–2 location, 3–3 standard type, 3–6 assembly instructions, 3–6 types, 3–5 using existing structures, 3–13 Materials, handling, 3–4 Menu map for CCM LCD, 6
R Rack See also hub rack mounting, 6–8 options, 6–8 safety guidelines, 6–8 Redundancy bus cable, 6–33, 7–2 Related publications, vii Remote terminal (RT) installation, vii Removing the installation tools, 4–29 DS3–TDM, 6–28 DS3–transparent, 6–29 function, 6–28 hot swapping, 10–2 installing, 6–30 chassis slots, 6–29, 10–2 LEDs, indications, explained, 6–31 moving, 10–2 numbering, 6–40 OC3c–ATM, 6–29 replacing, 10–12 status, 6–40 types, 6–28 Repairs, 9–6 Standards compliance, B–1 Replacing antenna, 10–6 C
Troubleshooting, 9–1 CCM, 9–2 HT Disabled message, 9–6 LAN connection, 9–4 True north, 4–6 U Underwriters Laboratories (UL), B–2, B–3 Index-6 W Warnings (safety), explained, ix Weatherproofing, 5–15, 8–2 Wrist strap (ESD), 6–26, 6–30 1027145 – 0001 Revision D
