HITACHI L100 Series Inverter Instruction Manual • Single-phase Input 200V Class • Three-phase Input 200V Class • Three-phase Input 400V Class Manual Number: NB576XA After reading this manual, keep it handy for future reference. Hitachi, Ltd. Tokyo Japan Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
L100 Inverter Table of Contents Safety Messages .................................................................................................................. iii Hazardous High Voltage ..................................................................................................... iii General Precautions - Read These First! ..............................................................................iv Precautions for EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) ..........................................
xvi Table of Contents Chapter 5: Motor Control Accessories Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 5–2 Component Descriptions ................................................................................................... 5–3 Chapter 6: Troubleshooting and Maintenance Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................
L100 Inverter Safety Messages For the best results with the L100 Series inverter, carefully read this manual and all of the warning labels attached to the inverter before installing and operating it, and follow the instructions exactly. Keep this manual handy for quick reference. Definitions and Symbols A safety instruction (message) includes a hazard alert symbol and a signal word, WARNING or CAUTION. Each signal word has the following meaning: HIGH VOLTAGE: This symbol indicates high voltage.
ii General Precautions - Read These First! General Precautions - Read These First! WARNING: This equipment should be installed, adjusted, and serviced by qualified electrical maintenance personnel familiar with the construction and operation of the equipment and the hazards involved. Failure to observe this precaution could result in bodily injury. WARNING: The user is responsible for ensuring that all driven machinery, drive train mechanism not supplied by Hitachi, Ltd.
L100 Inverter be performed only by qualified personnel. Factory-recommended test procedures included in the instruction manual should be followed. Always disconnect electrical power before working on the unit. CAUTION: a) Class I motor must be connected to protective earth via low resistive path (< 0.1ohm) b) Any motor used must be of a suitable rating. c) Motors may have hazardous moving parts. In this event suitable protection must be provided.
iv Precautions for EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) Precautions for EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) You are required to satisfy the EMC directive (89/336/EEC) when using an L100 inverter in a European country. To satisfy the EMC directive and to comply with standard, follow the checklist below. WARNING: This equipment should be installed, adjusted, and serviced by qualified personal familiar with construction and operation of the equipment and the hazards involved.
L100 Inverter Index to Warnings and Cautions in This Manual Installation - Cautions for Mounting Procedures CAUTION: Be sure to install the unit on flame-resistant material such as a steel plate. Otherwise, there is the danger of fire. ........... 2–6 CAUTION: Be sure not to place any flammable materials near the inverter. Otherwise, there is the danger of fire. ...........
vi Index to Warnings and Cautions in This Manual WARNING: “Suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 5,000 rms symmetrical amperes, 240 V maximum.” For models with suffix N or L. ........ 2–12 HIGH VOLTAGE: Be sure to ground the unit. Otherwise, there is a danger of electric shock and/or fire. ........ 2–12 HIGH VOLTAGE: Wiring work shall be carried out only by qualified personnel. Otherwise, there is a danger of electric shock and/or fire. ........
L100 Inverter CAUTION: Fasten the screws with the specified fastening torque (see the following table). Check for any loosening of screws. Otherwise, there is the danger of fire. ......... 2–15 CAUTION: Remarks for using earth leakage circuit breakers in the mains supply: Frequency inverters with CE-filters (RFI-filter) and shielded (screened) motor cables have a higher leakage current toward Earth GND.
viii Index to Warnings and Cautions in This Manual Warnings for Operations and Monitoring Technologies Inc. WARNING: Be sure to turn on the input power supply after closing the front case. While being energized, be sure not to open the front case. Otherwise, there is the danger of electric shock. .......... 4–3 WARNING: Be sure not to operate the switches with wet hands. Otherwise, there is the danger of electric shock. ..........
L100 Inverter WARNING: After the Reset command is given and the alarm reset occurs, the motor will restart suddenly if the Run command is already active. Be sure to set the alarm reset after verifying that the Run command is off to prevent injury to personnel. ......... 4–16 Cautions for Operations and Monitoring CAUTION: The heat sink fins will have a high temperature. Be careful not to touch them. Otherwise, there is the danger of getting burned. ...........
x General Warnings and Cautions HIGH VOLTAGE: Be careful not to touch wiring or connector terminals when working with the inverters and taking measurements. Be sure to place the measurement circuitry above in an insulated housing before using them. ........ 6–13 General Warnings and Cautions WARNING: Never modify the unit. Otherwise, there is a danger of electric shock and/ or injury.
L100 Inverter CAUTION: Do not insert leading power factor capacitors or surge absorbers between the output terminals of the inverter and motor. Earth leakage breaker Power Input L1, L2, L3 Surge absorber U, V, W Inverter GND lug Motor Leading power factor capacitor CAUTION: Be sure to connect the grounding terminal to earth ground. CAUTION: When inspecting the unit, be sure to wait five minutes after tuning off the power supply before opening the cover.
xii General Warnings and Cautions CAUTION: EFFECTS OF DISTRIBUTOR LINES ON INVERTERS Power source R1 S1 T1 R2 S2 T2 Inverter L1(L1) U L2 V L3(N) W U V W Motor Power source Terminal EMI filter for grounding Noise Motor Inverter Remote operator EMI filter Ground the frame. Noise Piping (to be grounded) or shielded wire Completely ground the shield made of metal screen, enclosed panel, etc. with as short a wire as possible.
L100 Inverter xvii Revisions Revision History Table No. Revision Comments Initial Release of Manual NB576X 1 Technologies Inc. Revision A Pages 1-4 – Specs tables: added row for input curent, changed rated input voltage tolerance, corrected dynamic braking %torque, corrected product weight (lbs) Page 2-8 – Corrected H dimension for -002 models Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.com Date of Issue Operation Manual No.
Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
Getting Started In This Chapter.... 1 page — Introduction ...................................................... 2 — L100 Inverter Specifications............................. 4 — Introduction to Variable-Frequency Drives ....... 7 — Frequently Asked Questions .......................... 12 Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
1–2 Introduction Getting Started Introduction Main Features Congratulations on your purchase of an L100 Series Hitachi inverter! This inverter drive features state-of-the-art circuitry and components to provide high performance. The housing footprint is exceptionally small, given the size of the corresponding motor. The Hitachi L100 product line includes more than a dozen inverter models to cover motor sizes from 1/4 horsepower to 10 horsepower, in either 230 VAC or 460 VAC power input versions.
L100 Inverter 1–3 Inverter Specifications Label Specifications label Inverter model number Motor capacity for this model Power Input Rating: frequency, voltage, phase, current Output Rating: Frequency, voltage, current Manufacturing codes: Lot number, date, etc. Model Number Convention The model number for a specific inverter contains useful information about its operating characteristics. Refer to the model number legend below: L100 004 H F U 5 Version number (_, 1, 2, ...
1–4 L100 Inverter Specifications Getting Started L100 Inverter Specifications Model-specific tables for 200V and 400V class inverters The following three tables are specific to L100 inverters for the 200V and 400V class model groups. The table on page 1–6 gives the general specifications that apply to both voltage class groups. Footnotes for all specifications tables are on the next page.
1–5 L100 Inverter Item 400V Class Specifications 004HFE 004HFU 007HFE 007HFU 015HFE 015HFU 022HFE 022HFU 030HFE — 040HFE 040HFU 055HFE 055HFU 075HFE 075HFU Applicable motor size *2 kW 0.4 0.75 1.5 2.2 3.0 4.0 5.5 7.5 HP 1/2 1 2 3 4 5 7.5 10 1.1 1.9 3.0 4.3 6.2 6.8 10.4 12.7 16.5 20.0 Rated capacity (460V) kVA *10 Rated input voltage Rated input current (A) 3-phase: 380 to 460V ±10%, 50/60 Hz ±5% 2.0 Rated output voltage *3 Rated output current (A) Braking 5.0 7.
1–6 L100 Inverter Specifications Getting Started General Specifications The following table applies to all L100 inverters. Item General Specifications Protective housing *1 IP20 Control method Sine wave pulse-width modulation (PWM) control Output frequency range *4 0.5 to 360 Hz Frequency accuracy Digital command: 0.01% of the maximum frequency Analog command: ±0.2% of the maximum frequency (25°C ± 10°C) Frequency setting resolution Digital: 0.1 Hz; Analog: max. frequency/1000 Volt./Freq.
L100 Inverter 1–7 Introduction to Variable-Frequency Drives Hitachi inverters provide speed control for 3-phase AC induction motors. You connect AC power to the inverter, and connect the inverter to the motor. You’re probably familiar with the way a light dimmer works to vary the power sent to a light bulb, and thus the light intensity. At a basic level, the modern inverter serves the same role for a motor. Many industrial applications use AC motors of all sizes to do many different things.
Getting Started 1–8 Introduction to Variable-Frequency Drives An inverter, in general, is a device that converts DC power to AC power. The popular consumer power inverter is designed for powering an AC appliance from a car battery; put 12VDC in, and get 115VAC 50/60 Hz out, for example. The figure below shows how the variable-frequency drive employes an internal inverter. The drive first converts incoming AC power to DC through a rectifier circuit, creating a high-voltage internal DC bus.
L100 Inverter 1–9 Inverter Input and Three-Phase Power The common terminology for single phase power is Line (L) and Neutral (N). Threephase power connections are usually labeled Line 1 (L1), Line 2 (L2) and Line 2 (L3). In any case, the power source should include an earth ground connection. That ground connection will need to connect to the inverter chassis and to the motor frame (description given on page 2–16).
1–10 Introduction to Variable-Frequency Drives Getting Started Intelligent Functions and Parameters Much of this manual is devoted to describing how to use inverter functions and how to configure inverter parameters. The inverter is microprocessor-controlled, and has many independent functions. The microprocessor has an on-board EEPROM for parameter storage. The inverter’s front panel keypad provides access to all functions and parameters, which you can access through other devices as well.
1–11 L100 Inverter Velocity Profiles Fixed speed Accel Decel Time Velocity Profile The L100 inverter can store up to 16 preset Speed speeds. And, it can apply separate acceleration Speed 2 and deceleration transitions from any preset to Speed 1 any other preset speed. For example, a motor with a small load could use high accel/decel values, but a heavy load will generally use Time slower speed changes.
1–12 Frequently Asked Questions Getting Started Frequently Asked Questions Q. What is the main advantage in using an inverter to drive a motor, compared to alternative solutions? A. Q. The term “inverter” is a little confusing, since we also use “drive” and “amplifier” to describe the electronic unit that controls a motor. What does “inverter” mean? A. Q. That depends on the required precision, and the slowest speed the motor will must turn and still deliver torque.
L100 Inverter Q. Why is there not a 100V class version of the L100 inverter, so it would work with a USA 115VAC power source, for example? A. Q. The motor theoretically represents a “balanced Y” load if all three stator windings have the same impedance. The Y connection allows each of the three wires to alternately serve as input or return on alternate half-cycles. Does the motor need a chassis ground connection? A. Technologies Inc. No.
Getting Started 1–14 Frequently Asked Questions exhibit leakage currents that increase with aging. And, a grounded chassis generally emits less electrical noise than an ungrounded one. Q. What type of motor is compatible with the Hitachi inverters? A. Q. How many poles should the motor have? A. Q. The purpose of these noise filters is to reduce the inverter electrical noise so the operation of nearby electrical devices is not affected.
Inverter Mounting and Installation In This Chapter.... 2 page — Orientation to Inverter Features ....................... 2 — Basic System Description ................................ 5 — Step-by-Step Basic Installation ........................ 6 — Powerup Test ................................................. 17 — Using the Front Panel Keypad ....................... 19 Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
2–2 Orientation to Inverter Features Orientation to Inverter Features Unpacking and Inspection Please take a few moments to unpack your new L100 inverter and perform these steps: 1. Look for any damage that may have occurred during shipping. 2. Verify the contents of the box include: a. One L100 inverter Inverter Mounting and Installation b. One Instruction Manual with self-adhesive label for the inverter c. One L100 Quick-reference Guide d.
L100 Inverter 2–3 2. Second-level access - Locate the lift tab at the right lower corner of the front panel near the safety warning message. Lift the corner to swing the half-door around to the left. This exposes four more control buttons and some connectors. The FUNC., 1 , 2 , and STR keys allow an operator to access and change the inverter’s functions and parameter values. The 7 and 8-position connectors provide the interface for logic-level control signals.
Inverter Mounting and Installation 2–4 Orientation to Inverter Features 3. Third-level access - First, ensure no power source of any kind is connected to the inverter. If power has been connected, wait five minutes after powerdown and verify the Power LED is off to proceed. Then locate the recessed retention screw on the left side main front panel (it is along the left hinge area on some models, or behind the first access door on others). Use a small screwdriver (Regular or Phillips) to loosen the screw.
L100 Inverter 2–5 Basic System Description A motor control system will obviously include a motor and inverter, as well as fuses for safety. If you are connecting a motor to the inverter on a test bench just to get started, that’s all you may need for now. But a system can also have a variety of additional components. Some can be for noise suppression, while others may enhance the inverter’s braking performance.
2–6 Step-by-Step Basic Installation Step-by-Step Basic Installation This section will guide you through the following basic steps of installation: 1. Study the warnings associated with mounting the inverter. 2. Select a suitable mounting location. 3. Place covers over the inverter’s ventilation openings to prevent debris from entering. 4. Check the inverter mounting dimensions for footprint and mounting hole locations. 5. Study the caution and warning messages associated with wiring the inverter.
L100 Inverter 2 2–7 Step 2: To summarize the caution messages — you will need to find a solid, nonflammable, vertical surface that is a relatively clean and dry environment. In order to ensure enough room for air circulation around the inverter to aid in cooling, maintain the specified clearance around the inverter specified in the diagram. Clear area L100 Air flow 12 cm (4.72”) minimum 10 cm (3.
2–8 Step-by-Step Basic Installation Inverter Dimensions for Mounting Step 4: Locate the applicable drawing on the following pages for your inverter. Dimensions are given in millimeters (inches) format. 107 (4.21) 107 (4.21) 107 (4.21) 107 (4.21) -002NFU -004NFE -004NFU 5(0.20) 4(0.16) 2.5(0.10) 80(3.15) 7(0.28) -002NFE H= (see H chart) H mm (in.) 110(4.33) Inverter Mounting and Installation L100 MODEL 120(4.72) 67(2.64) External Dimensions 10(0.
L100 Inverter 2–9 Dimensional drawings continued... 98(3.86) External Dimensions MODEL -004HFE -004HFU -005NFE -007NFE -007NFU 130(5.12) 118(4.65) L100 5(0.20) Inverter Mounting and Installation 4(0.16) Ground Terminal 7(0.28) 110(4.33) 2.5(0.10) 129(5.08) 10(0.39) 5(0.20) 98(3.86) MODEL -007HFE(No fan) -007HFU(No fan) 130(5.12) -015HFE -015HFU 118(4.65) L100 Air 5(0.20) 5(0.20) 4(0.16) Ground Terminal Technologies Inc. FAN Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.
2–10 Step-by-Step Basic Installation Dimensional drawings continued... 140(5.51) 128(5.04) Inverter Mounting and Installation 180(7.09) 168(6.61) L100 -011NFE -015NFE -015NFU 7(0.28) 5(0.20) Ground Terminal 3.5(0.14) 153(6.02) 10(0.39) 5(0.20) 140(5.51) 128(5.04) L100 -022NFE -022NFU Air 5(0.20) 164(6.46) 5(0.20) FAN Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.com 6(0.24) Ground Terminal Technologies Inc. 7(0.28) -040HFE -040HFU 168(6.
L100 Inverter 2–11 Dimensional drawings continued... L100 -055LFU -075LFU -055HFU -075HFU -055HFE -075HFE 182(7.17) 160(6.30) 1 Air 236(9.29) 257(10.12) Inverter Mounting and Installation 7(0.28) Air Ground Terminal 6(0.24) 170(6.69) 7(0.28) 7(0.28) NOTE: Model L100-075LFU has (2) fans. All other models in this housing have (1) fan. Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
2–12 Step-by-Step Basic Installation Preparation for Wiring 5 Step 5: It is very important to perform the wiring steps carefully and correctly. Before proceeding, please study the caution and warning messages below. WARNING: “Use 60/75°C Cu wire only” or equivalent. Inverter Mounting and Installation WARNING: “Open Type Equipment.” WARNING: “A Class 2 circuit wired with Class 1 wire” or equivalent.
L100 Inverter 2–13 Determination of Wire and Fuse Sizes The maximum motor currents in your application determines the recommended wire size. The following table gives the wire size in AWG. The “Power Lines” column applies to the inverter input power, output wires to the motor, the earth ground connection, and any other component shown in the system wiring diagram on page 2–5.
2–14 Step-by-Step Basic Installation Wiring the Inverter Input to a Power Supply Inverter Mounting and Installation 6 Step 6: In this step, you will connect wiring to the input of the inverter. First, you must determine whether the inverter model you have requires three-phase power only, or if it can accept either single-phase or three-phase power. All models have the same power connector terminals labeled L1, L2, and L3/N.
L100 Inverter 2–15 CAUTION: Fasten the screws with the specified fastening torque (see the following table). Check for any loosening of screws. Otherwise, there is the danger of fire. CAUTION: Be sure to install a fuse in the wire for each phase of the main power supply to the inverter. Otherwise, there is the danger of fire.
2–16 Step-by-Step Basic Installation Wiring the Motor to the Inverter Output 7 Step 7: The process of motor selection is beyond the scope of this manual. However, it must be an AC induction motor with three phases. It should also come with a chassis ground lug. If the motor does not have three power input leads, stop the installation and verify the motor type. Other guidelines for wiring the motor include: • Use an inverter-grade motor for maximum motor life (1600V insulation).
L100 Inverter 2–17 Powerup Test 9 Step 9: After wiring the inverter and motor, you’re ready to do a powerup test. The procedure that follows is designed for the first-time use of the drive. Please verify the following conditions before conducting the powerup test: • You have followed all the steps in this chapter up to this step. • The inverter is new, and is securely mounted to a non-flammable vertical surface • The inverter is connected to a power source and motor.
2–18 Powerup Test Inverter Mounting and Installation CAUTION: If you operate a motor at a frequency higher than the inverter standard default setting (50Hz/60Hz), be sure to check the motor and machine specifications with the respective manufacturer. Only operate the motor at elevated frequencies after getting their approval. Otherwise, there is the danger of equipment damage. CAUTION: Check the following before and during the powerup test. Otherwise, there is the danger of equipment damage.
L100 Inverter 2–19 Using the Front Panel Keypad Front Panel Introduction Please take a moment to familiarize yourself with the keypad layout shown in the figure below. These are the visible controls and indicators when the front panel door is closed.
2–20 Using the Front Panel Keypad • Function Key - This key is used to navigate through the lists of parameters and functions for setting and monitoring parameter values. POWER HITACHI RUN Inverter Mounting and Installation • Up/Down ( 1 , 2 ) Keys - Use these keys alternately to move up or down the lists of parameter and functions shown in the display, and increment/decrement values. 500 PRG RUN Hz A STOP RESET MIN FUNC.
2–21 L100 Inverter Keypad Navigational Map The L100 Series inverter drives have many programmable functions and parameters. Chapter 3 will cover these in detail, but we need to access just a few items to perform the powerup test. The menu structure makes use of function codes and parameter codes to allow programming and monitoring with only a 4-digit display and a few buttons and LEDs. So, it is important to become familiar with the basic navigational map of parameters and functions in the diagram below.
2–22 Using the Front Panel Keypad Selecting Functions and Editing Parameters In order to run the motor for the powerup test, this section will show how to: • select the inverter’s maximum output frequency to the motor • select the keypad potentiometer as the source of motor speed command • select the keypad as the source of the RUN command Inverter Mounting and Installation • enable the RUN command The following series of programming tables are designed for successive use.
L100 Inverter 2–23 Select the Potentiometer for Speed Command - the motor speed may be controlled from the following sources: • Potentiometer on front panel keypad • Control terminals • Remote panel Then follow the steps in the table below to select the potentiometer for the speed command (the table resumes action from the end of the previous table). Display key twice. A 01 Func./Parameter Speed command source setting Press the 2 Press the FUNC. key.
2–24 Using the Front Panel Keypad Monitoring Parameters with the Display Inverter Mounting and Installation After using the keypad for parameter editing, it’s a good idea to switch the inverter from Program Mode to Monitor Mode and close the panel door (puts the keys for parameter editing out of sight). This will also turn out the PRG LED, and the Hertz or Ampere LED indicates the display units.
L100 Inverter 2–25 Powerup Test Observations and Summary Step 10: Reading this section will help you make some useful observations when first 10 running the motor. Error Codes - If the inverter displays an error code (LED format is “Exx”), see the instructions on page 6–5 to interpret and clear the error. Acceleration and Deceleration - The L100 inverter has programmable acceleration and deceleration values. The test procedure left these at the default value, 10 seconds.
Configuring Drive Parameters In This Chapter.... 3 page — Choosing a Programming Device .................... 2 — Using Keypad Devices ..................................... 3 — Using the PC Software — DOP Plus ............... 6 — “D” Group: Monitoring Functions...................... 8 — “F” Group: Main Profile Parameters ................. 9 — “A” Group: Standard Functions ...................... 10 — “B” Group: Fine Tuning Functions .................. 21 — “C” Group: Intelligent Terminal Functions.......
3–2 Choosing a Programming Device Choosing a Programming Device Introduction Hitachi variable frequency drives (inverters) use the latest electronics technology for getting the right AC waveform to the motor at the right time. The benefits are many, including energy savings and higher machine output or productivity. The flexibility required to handle a broad range of applications has required ever more configurable options and parameters — inverters are now a complex industrial automation component.
L100 Inverter 3–3 Using Keypad Devices Inverter Font Panel Keypad The L100 Series inverter front keypad contains all the elements for both monitoring and programming parameters. The keypad layout is pictured below. All other programming devices for the inverter have a similar key arrangement and function. The DOP Plus PC software has an on-screen keypad as well. Power LED Parameter Display POWER HITACHI Run/Stop LED RUN Program/Monitor LED Run Enable LED 500 PRG RUN A FUNC.
3–4 Using Keypad Devices Keypad Navigational Map Whether you use the keypad on the inverter, the DOP software for the personal computer, or the hand-held digital operator panel, each navigates the same way. The diagram below shows the basic navigational map of parameters and functions. Monitor Mode Program Mode PRG LED = OFF PRG LED = ON Select Function Select Parameter Edit Parameter 1 Display Data D 09 1 0000 FUNC. Increment/ decrement value 1 2 C 91 D 01 1 1 2 FUNC.
3–5 L100 Inverter Operational Modes The RUN and PGM LEDs tell just part of the story; Run Mode and Program Modes are independent modes, not opposite modes. In the state diagram to the right, Run alternates with Stop, and Program Mode alternates with Monitor Mode. This is a very important ability, for it shows that a technician can approach a running machine and change some parameters without shutting down the machine. STOP Run FUNC.
3–6 Using the PC Software — DOP Plus Using the PC Software — DOP Plus During application development, using the DOP Plus software is a great way to configure your inverter.
L100 Inverter 3–7 Programming with the DOP Plus The screen arrangement is similar to the inverter keypad. Additional buttons Read EEPROM and Write EEPROM let you upload or download parameter settings. After doing a Read EEPROM, all the inverter’s parameter settings will be accessible in the scrollable list box. Just doubleclick any parameter to begin editing. It is important to understand that the way you reference parameters with the DOP Plus is different from the inverter keypad and display.
3–8 “D” Group: Monitoring Functions “D” Group: Monitoring Functions Parameter Monitoring Functions You can access important system parameter values with the “D” group monitoring functions, whether the inverter is in Run Mode or Stop Mode. After selecting the function code number for the parameter you want to monitor, press the Function key once to show the value on the display. In Functions D05 and D06, the intelligent terminals use individual segments of the display to show On/Off status.
3–9 L100 Inverter Trip Event and History Monitoring The trip event and history monitoring feature lets you cycle through related information using the keypad. More details about trip event monitoring are on page 6–5. “D” Function Func. Code Name Description Runtime Edit Range and Units DOP,DRW,DOP+ Func. Code Name D08 Trip event monitor Displays the current trip event. information. — — Mon. ERR1 D09 Trip history monitor Displays the previous two events and their causes. — — Mon.
3–10 “A” Group: Standard Functions “A” Group: Standard Functions Basic Parameter Settings These settings affect the most fundamental behavior of the inverter — the outputs to the motor. The frequency of the inverter’s AC output determines the motor speed. You may select from three different sources for the reference speed. During application development you may prefer using the potentiometer, but you may switch to an external source (control terminal setting) in the finished application, for example.
L100 Inverter 3–11 Analog Input Settings The inverter has the capability to accept an external analog input that can command the output frequency to the motor. Voltage input (0 –10V) and current input (4–20mA) are available on separate terminals (“O” and “OI,” respectively). The analog input settings add scaling and offset adjustments between the analog input and the frequency output. In the graph below (left), A13 and A14 select the active portion of the input voltage or current range.
3–12 “A” Group: Standard Functions Multi-speed Frequency Setting The L100 inverter has the capability to store and output up to 16 frequencies to the motor (A20 to A35). As in traditional motion terminology, we call this multi-speed profile capability. Binary-encoded logic inputs select the particular frequency (speed) setting, and the inverter applies the current acceleration or deceleration setting required to change from the current output frequency to the new one.
3–13 L100 Inverter V/F Characteristics V When the motor load has a lot of inertia or A42 = 11 starting friction, you may need to increase 100% Torque boost the low frequency starting torque characteristics by boosting the voltage above the A 11.8% normal V/F ratio (shown at right). The boost is applied from zero to 1/2 the base frequency. You set the breakpoint of the 0 boost (point A on the graph) by using 6.0Hz 30.0Hz parameter A43. The manual boost is calcuA43 = 10.
3–14 “A” Group: Standard Functions The following table shows the methods of torque control selection. “A” Function Configuring Drive Parameters Func. Code Technologies Inc. Name Description Defaults Runtime Edit EU/ US Units DOP,DRW,DOP+ Func. Code Name A41 Torque boost method selection Two options: 00 ...Manual torque boost 01 ...
L100 Inverter 3–15 DC Braking Settings The DC braking feature provides additional stopping power when compared to just a normal deceleration to a stop. DC + Running Free run DC braking braking is particularly useful at the low frequency end of the deceleration ramp 0 where there is little or no motor torque time available for stopping. If you enable DC A53 A55 braking, it turns on during deceleration at a – frequency you can specify.
3–16 “A” Group: Standard Functions Frequency-related Functions The inverter output generates a variable-frequency waveform that determines the motor speed (minus slip losses). You can configure the lower frequency limit to be greater than zero as shown in the graph (below left). The upper limit must not exceed the rating of the motor or capability of the machinery. Some motors or machines exhibit resonances at a particular speed, which can be destructive.
L100 Inverter 3–17 PID Control When enabled, the built-in PID loop calculates an ideal inverter output value to cause a loop feedback process variable (PV) to move closer in value to the setpoint (SP). The current frequency command serves as the SP. The PID loop calculations will read the analog input for the process variable (you specify the current or voltage input) and calculate the output. A scale factor in A75 lets you multiply the PV by a factor, converting it into engineering units for the process.
3–18 “A” Group: Standard Functions Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR) Function The automatic voltage regulation (AVR) feature keeps the inverter output waveform at a relatively constant amplitude during power input fluctuations. This can be useful if the installation has an erratic power source. However, the inverter cannot boost its motor output to a voltage higher than the power input voltage. If you enable this feature, be sure to select the proper voltage class setting for your motor.
3–19 L100 Inverter Second Acceleration and Deceleration Functions The L100 inverter features two-stage acceleration and deceleration ramps. This gives flexibility in the profile shape, and can avoid jerk (mechanical shock) while approaching steady frequency (or stop) more gently. You can specify the frequency transition point, the point at which the standard acceleration (F02) or deceleration (F03) changes to the second acceleration (A92) or deceleration (A93).
3–20 “A” Group: Standard Functions “A” Function Configuring Drive Parameters Func. Code Technologies Inc. Name Description Defaults Runtime Edit EU/ US Units DOP,DRW,DOP+ Func. Code Name A96 Dec1 to Dec2 frequency transition point Output frequency at which Decel1 switches to Decel2, range is 0.0 to 360.0 Hz ✘ 0.0 Hz F-07 DEC CHFr A97 Acceleration curve selection Set the characteristic curve of Acc1 and Acc2, two options: 00 ...linear 01 ...
L100 Inverter 3–21 “B” Group: Fine Tuning Functions The “B” group of functions and parameters adjust some of the more subtle but useful aspects of motor control and system configuration. Restart Mode The restart mode determines how the inverter will resume operation after a fault causes a trip event. The four options provide advantages for various situations.
3–22 “B” Group: Fine Tuning Functions Electronic Thermal Overload Alarm Setting The thermal overload detection protects the inverter and motor from excessive heat. First use B13 to select the torque characteristic as a function of frequency. For example, a motor can overheat if it runs for too long at a low speed. You can counteract this effect by reducing the torque at low speed. Otherwise, use the constant torque characteristic.
L100 Inverter 3–23 Overload Restriction When the inverter output current exceeds a preset current level you specify, the overload restriction feature arbitrarily reduces the output current. This feature does not generate an alarm or trip event. You can instruct the inverter to apply overload restriction only during constant speed, thus allowing higher currents for acceleration. Or, you may use the same threshold for both acceleration and constant speed.
3–24 “B” Group: Fine Tuning Functions Software Lock Mode The software lock function keeps personnel from accidentally changing parameters in the inverter memory. The feature has some options, but the software lock function (B21) is not protected from operator editing. You can lock all other parameters except the output frequency (F01), if desired. This allows the user to vary only the output frequency.
3–25 L100 Inverter Miscellaneous Settings The miscellaneous settings include scaling factors, initialization modes, and others. Here we will cover some of the most important settings you may need to configure. B32: Reactive current setting – the inverter’s D02 monitor function displays the motor current. The display accuracy (normally ±20%, depending on the connected motor’s characteristics) can be improved by adjustment of the B32 parameter.
3–26 “B” Group: Fine Tuning Functions “B” Function Configuring Drive Parameters Func. Code Technologies Inc. Name Description Defaults Runtime Edit EU/ US Units DOP,DRW,DOP+ Func. Code Name B82 Start frequency adjustment Sets the starting frequency for the inverter output, range is 0.5 to 9.9 Hz ✘ 0.5 Hz F-02 FMIN. B83 Carrier frequency setting Sets the PWM carrier (internal switching frequency), range is 0.5 to 16.
L100 Inverter 3–27 “C” Group: Intelligent Terminal Functions The five input terminals 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 can be configured for any of fifteen different functions. The next two tables show how to configure the five terminals. The inputs are logical, in that they are either OFF or ON. We define these states as OFF=0, and ON=1. The inverter comes with default options for the five terminals. These default settings are initially unique, each one having its own setting.
3–28 “C” Group: Intelligent Terminal Functions The input logic convention is programmable for each of the five inputs. Most inputs default to normally open (active high), but you can select normally closed (active low) in order to invert the sense of the logic. “C” Function Configuring Drive Parameters Func. Code Name Description Defaults Runtime Edit EU/ US Units DOP,DRW,DOP+ Func. Code Name C11 Terminal 1 active state Select logic convention, two option codes: 00 ...normally open [NO] 01 ...
L100 Inverter 3–29 Summary Table - this table shows all fifteen intelligent input functions at a glance. Detailed descriptions of these functions, related parameters and settings, and example wiring diagrams are in Chapter 4, starting on page 4–6. Input Function Summary Table Option Code Terminal Symbol 00 FW 01 02 03 04 06 09 11 12 13 Technologies Inc.
3–30 “C” Group: Intelligent Terminal Functions Input Function Summary Table Option Code Terminal Symbol 15 SFT 16 18 Configuring Drive Parameters 19 Technologies Inc.
L100 Inverter 3–31 Output Terminal Configuration The inverter provides configuration for logic (discrete) and analog outputs, shown in the table below. “C” Function Func. Code Defaults Runtime Edit EU/ US Units DOP,DRW,DOP+ Func.
3–32 “C” Group: Intelligent Terminal Functions The output logic convention is programmable for terminals 11 and 12. The open-collector output terminals 11 and 12 default to normally open (active low), but you can select normally closed (active high) for terminals 11 and 12 in order to invert the sense of the logic. “C” Function Configuring Drive Parameters Func. Code Description EU/ US Units DOP,DRW,DOP+ Func. Code Name C31 Terminal 11 active state Select logic convention, two option codes: 00 ..
L100 Inverter 3–33 Output Function Summary Table Option Code Terminal Symbol 05 AL Description Function Name Alarm signal ON when an alarm signal has occurred and has not been cleared OFF when no alarm has occurred since the last clearing of alarm(s) Analog Summary Table - this table shows all three functions for the analog output FM (frequency meter) terminal at a glance. Detailed descriptions, related parameters and settings, and example wiring diagrams are in Chapter 4, starting on page 4–24.
3–34 “C” Group: Intelligent Terminal Functions Output Function Adjustment Parameters The overload level parameter (C41)sets the motor current level at which the overload signal becomes true. The range of settings is from 0% to 200% of the rated current for the inverter. This function is for generating an early warning logic output, without causing either a trip event or a restriction of the motor current (those effects are available on other functions).
L100 Inverter “C” Function Func. Code Name Description C81 Analog meter adjustment, voltage input Scale factor between the external frequency command on terminals L – O (voltage input) and the frequency output C82 Analog meter adjustment, current input Scale factor between the external frequency command on terminals L – OI (current input) and the frequency output C91 Debug mode selection (Reserved) DO NOT EDIT Runtime Edit Defaults DOP,DRW,DOP+ Units Func. Code ✘ — Mon. ADJ-O ✘ — Mon.
Operations and Monitoring In This Chapter.... 4 page — Introduction ...................................................... 2 — Connecting to PLCs and Other Devices .......... 4 — Using Intelligent Input Terminals ...................... 6 — Using Intelligent Output Terminals ................. 18 — Analog Input Operation .................................. 24 — Analog and Digital Monitor Output ................. 25 — PID Loop Operation .......................................
4–2 Introduction Introduction The previous chapter gave a reference listing of all the programmable functions of the inverter. We suggest that you first scan through the previous chapter’s listing of inverter functions to gain a general familiarity. This chapter will build on that knowledge in the following ways: 1. Related functions – Some parameters interact with or depend on the settings in other functions.
L100 Inverter 4–3 Warning Messages for Operating Procedures WARNING: Be sure to turn on the input power supply after closing the front case. While being energized, be sure not to open the front case. Otherwise, there is the danger of electric shock. WARNING: Be sure not to operate the switches with wet hands. Otherwise, there is the danger of electric shock. WARNING: While the inverter is energized, be sure not to touch the inverter terminals even when the motor is stopped.
4–4 Connecting to PLCs and Other Devices Connecting to PLCs and Other Devices Hitachi inverters (drives) are useful in many types of applications. During installation, the inverter keypad (or other programming device) will facilitate the initial configuration. After installation, the inverter will generally receive its control commands through the control logic connector or serial interface from another controlling device.
L100 Inverter 4–5 Specifications of Control and Logic Connections The control logic connectors are located just behind the front panel half-door. The relay contacts are accessible behind the main door. Connector labeling is shown below.
4–6 Using Intelligent Input Terminals Using Intelligent Input Terminals Terminals 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are identical, programmable inputs for general use. The input circuits can use the inverter’s internal (isolated) +24V field supply (P24) to power the inputs. The input circuits are internally connected to the power supply ground. As the diagram shows, you can use a switch (or jumper) to activate an input terminal which has been programmed.
4–7 L100 Inverter Multi-Speed Select The inverter provides storage parameters for up to 16 different target frequencies (speeds) that the motor output uses for steady-state run condition. These speeds are accessible through programming four of the intelligent terminals as binary-encoded inputs CF1 to CF4 per the table below. These can be any of the five inputs, and in any order. You can use fewer inputs if you need eight or less speeds.
4–8 Option Code Using Intelligent Input Terminals Terminal Symbol Function Name Input State Valid for inputs: C01, C02, C03, C04, C05 Required settings: F01, A20 to A35 Description Example: L Notes: • When programming the multi-speed settings, be sure to press the Store key each time and then set the next multi-speed setting. Note that when the key is not pressed, no data will be set.
L100 Inverter 4–9 Jogging Command When the terminal [JG] is turned on and the Run command is issued, the inverter outputs the programmed jog frequency to the motor. Use a switch between terminals [JG] and [P24] to activate the JG frequency. The frequency for the jogging operation is set by parameter A38. [JG] terminal [FW, RV] (Run) A39 Motor speed time Jog decel type A39 Set the value 01(terminal mode) in A02 (Run command).
4–10 Using Intelligent Input Terminals Two-stage Acceleration and Deceleration When terminal [2CH] is turned on, the inverter changes the rate of acceleration and deceleration from the initial settings (F02 and F03) to use the second set of acceleration/ deceleration values. When the terminal is turned off, the equipment is returned to the original acceleration and deceleration time (F02 acceleration time 1, and F03 deceleration time 1).
4–11 L100 Inverter Free-run Stop When the terminal [FRS] is turned on, the inverter stops the output and the motor enters the free-run state (coasting). If terminal [FRS] is turned off, the output resumes sending power to the motor if the Run command is still active. The free-run stop feature works with other parameters to provide flexibility in stopping and starting motor rotation.
4–12 Using Intelligent Input Terminals External Trip When the terminal [EXT] is turned on, the inverter enters the trip state, indicates error code E12, and stops the output. This is a general purpose interrupt type feature, and the meaning of the error depends on what you connect to the [EXT] terminal. When the switch between the set terminals [EXT] and [P24] is turned on, the equipment enters the trip state. Even when the switch to [EXT] is turned off, the inverter remains in the trip state.
L100 Inverter 4–13 Unattended Start Protection If the Run command is already set when power is turned on, the inverter starts running immediately after powerup. The Unattended Start Protection (USP) function prevents that automatic startup, so that the inverter will not run without outside intervention. To reset an alarm and restart running, turn the Run command off or perform a reset operation by the terminal [RS] input or the keypad Stop/reset key. In the figure below, the [UPS] feature is enabled.
4–14 Using Intelligent Input Terminals Software Lock When the terminal [SFT] is turned on, the data of all the parameters and functions except the output frequency is locked (prohibited from editing). When the data is locked, the keypad keys cannot edit inverter parameters. To edit parameters again, turn off the [SFT] terminal input. Use parameter B31 to select whether the output frequency is excluded from the lock state or is locked as well.
L100 Inverter 4–15 Analog Input Current/Voltage Select The [AT] terminal selects whether the inverter uses the voltage [O] or current [OI] input terminals for external frequency control. When the switch between the terminals [AT] and [P24] is on, it is possible to set the output frequency by applying a current input signal at [OI]-[L]. When the terminal is turned off, the voltage input signal at [O]-[L] is available.
4–16 Using Intelligent Input Terminals Reset Inverter The [RS] terminal causes the inverter to 12 ms minimum execute the reset operation. If the inverter is in Trip Mode, the reset cancels the Trip state. [RS] terminal approx. 30 ms When the switch between the set terminals Alarm output [RS] and [P24] is turned on and off, the inverter executes the reset operation. The time input timing requirement for [RST] needs a 12 ms pulse width or greater.
L100 Inverter 4–17 PTC Thermistor Thermal Protection Motors that are equipped with a thermistor can be protected from overheating. Input terminal 5 has the unique ability to sense a thermistor voltage. When the resistance value of the thermistor connected to terminal [PTC] (5) and [L] is more than 3 k Ohms ± 10%, the inverter enters the Trip Mode, turns off the output to the motor, and indicates the trip status E35.
4–18 Using Intelligent Output Terminals Using Intelligent Output Terminals The intelligent output terminals are programmable in a similar way to the intelligent input terminals. The inverter has several output functions which you can assign individually to three physical logic outputs. Two of the outputs are open-collector transistors, and the third output is the alarm relay (form C – normally open and normally closed contacts).
4–19 L100 Inverter Frequency Arrival Signal Frequency Arrival [FA1] and [FA2] signals indicate when the output frequency accelerates or decelerates to arrive at a constant frequency. Refer to the figure below. Frequency Arrival [FA1] (left graph) turns on when the output frequency gets within 0.5 Hz below or 1.5 Hz above the target constant frequency. The timing is modified by a small 60 ms delay. Note the active low nature of the signal, due to the open collector output.
4–20 Using Intelligent Output Terminals Overload Advance Notice Signal When the output current exceeds a preset value, the [OL] terminal signal turns on. The parameter C41 sets the overload threshold. The overload detection circuit operates during powered motor operation and during regenerative braking. The output circuits use open-collector transistors, and are active low.
L100 Inverter 4–21 Output Deviation for PID Control Error The PID loop error is defined as the (SP-PV) magnitude (absolute value) of the differC44 ence between the Setpoint (target value) set and the Process Variable (actual value). value C44 When the error magnitude exceeds the preset value for C44, the [OD] terminal signal turns on. Refer to the PID loop [OD] section on page 4–27 for more on PID loop Signal operation.
4–22 Using Intelligent Output Terminals Alarm Signal The inverter alarm signal is active when a fault has occurred and it is in the Trip Mode (refer to the diagram at right). When the fault is cleared the alarm signal becomes inactive. STOP RESET Run Stop RUN STOP RESET We must make a distinction between the alarm Fault Trip signal [AL] and the alarm relay contacts AL0, AL1 Fault and AL2.
4–23 L100 Inverter The alarm output terminals are connected as shown below (left) by default, or after initialization. The contact logic can be inverted as shown (below right) by using the parameter setting C33. The relay contacts normally open (N.O.) and normally closed (N.O.) convention uses “normal” to mean the inverter has power and is in Run or Stop Mode. The relay contacts switch to the opposite position when it is in Trip Mode or when input power is Off. N.C. contacts (after initialization) N.O.
4–24 Analog Input Operation Analog Input Operation The L100 inverters provide for analog input to H O OI L FM CM2 12 11 command the inverter frequency output value. The analog input terminal group includes the +V Ref. L, OI, O, and H terminals on the control Voltage input connector, which provide for Voltage [O] or Current input Current [OI] input. All analog input signals must use the analog ground [L].
L100 Inverter 4–25 Analog and Digital Monitor Output In the system design for the inverter application, it is useful to monitor the inverter operation from a remote location. In some cases, this is only a panel-mounted analog meter (moving-coil type). In other cases, a controller device such as a PLC may command the inverter frequency and other functions. Sometimes it is useful to have the inverter transmit the (real-time) output frequency value back to the controller to confirm actual operation.
4–26 Analog and Digital Monitor Output Current Monitor, PWM Signal – (C23 = 01) – The [FM] output duty cycle varies with the inverter output current to the motor. The signal period T is fixed at 4 ms, and the amplitude is fixed at 10 VDC. The signal on [FM] reaches full scale when the inverter output current reaches 200% of the rated inverter current. You can scale the duty cycle by a scale factor setting with parameter B81.
4–27 L100 Inverter PID Loop Operation In standard operation, the inverter uses a reference source selected by parameter A01 for the output frequency, which may be a fixed value (F01), a variable set by the front panel potentiometer, or value from an analog input (voltage or current). To enable PID operation, set A71 = 01. This causes the inverter to calculate the target frequency, or setpoint. A calculated target frequency can have a lot of advantages.
4–28 Configuring the Inverter for Multiple Motors Configuring the Inverter for Multiple Motors Simultaneous Connections For some applications, you may need to connect two or more motors (wired in parallel) to a single inverter’s output. For example, this is common in conveyor applications where two separate conveyors need to have approximately the same speed. The use of two motors may be less expensive than making the mechanical link for one motor to drive multiple conveyors.
Motor Control Accessories In This Chapter.... 5 page — Introduction ...................................................... 2 — Component Descriptions.................................. 3 Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
5–2 Introduction Introduction A motor control system will obviously include a motor and inverter, as well as fuses for safety. If you are connecting a motor to the inverter on a test bench just to get started, that’s all you may need for now. But a fully developed system can also have a variety of additional components. Some can be for noise suppression, while others may enhance the inverter’s braking performance.
L100 Inverter 5–3 Component Descriptions AC Reactors, Input Side This is useful in suppressing harmonics induced on the power supply lines, or when the main power voltage imbalance exceeds 3% (and power source capacity is more than 500 kVA), or to smooth out line fluctuations. It also improves the power factor.
5–4 Component Descriptions RF Noise Filters (Magnetic Choke) Electrical noise interference may occur on nearby equipment such as a radio receiver. This magnetic choke filter helps reduce radiated noise from the inverter wiring. It can be used on the input or output side of the inverter. The example magnetic choke shown to the right comes with a mounting bracket. The wiring must go through the opening to reduce the RF component of the electrical noise.
5–5 L100 Inverter Dynamic Braking The purpose of dynamic braking is to improve the ability of the inverter to stop (decelerate) the motor and load.
5–6 Component Descriptions The following table specifies the braking options for 400V class L100 inverters and the braking torque for each option. Use BRD–EZ2 braking unit for 400V class inverters.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance In This Chapter.... 6 page — Troubleshooting................................................ 2 — Monitoring Trip Events, History, & Conditions .. 5 — Restoring Factory Default Settings .................. 8 — Maintenance and Inspection ............................ 9 — Warranty......................................................... 14 Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6–2 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Safety Messages Please read the following safety messages before troubleshooting or performing maintenance on the inverter and motor system. WARNING: Wait at least five (5) minutes after turning off the input power supply before performing maintenance or an inspection. Otherwise, there is the danger of electric shock. WARNING: Make sure that only qualified personnel will perform maintenance, inspection, and part replacement.
6–3 L100 Inverter Troubleshooting Tips Symptom/condition Probable Cause • Is the frequency command source • Make sure the parameter A01 parameter setting correct? • Is the Run command source A02 parameter setting correct? setting A01 is correct. • Make sure the parameter setting A02 is correct. • Is power being supplied to termi- • Check terminals L1, L2, and nals L1, L2, and L3(N)? If so, the POWER lamp should be on. L3(N), then U/T1, V/T2, and W/T3. • Turn on the power supply or check fuses.
6–4 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting and Maintenance Symptom/condition Probable Cause • If using the analog input, is the current or voltage at “O” or “OI?” The motor speed will not reach the target frequency (desired • Is the load too heavy? speed). • Check the wiring. • Check the potentiometer or signal generating device. • Reduce the load. • Heavy loads activate the overload restriction feature (reduces output as needed). • Is the load fluctuation too great? The rotation is unstable.
6–5 L100 Inverter Inverter Fault Detection The microprocessor in the inverter detects a variety of fault conditions and latches the event, recording Run it in a history table. The inverter output turns off, or “trips” similar to the way a circuit breaker trips due to an over-current condition. Most faults occur Fault when the motor is running (refer to the diagram to the right). However, the inverter could have an internal fault and trip in Stop Mode.
6–6 Monitoring Trip Events, History, & Conditions Troubleshooting and Maintenance Error Codes Technologies Inc. An error code will appear on the display automatically when a fault causes the inverter to trip. The following table lists the cause associated with the error.
L100 Inverter E35 Name PTC error Cause(s) When intelligent terminal 5 is configured for PTC (protective thermistor) function and the inverter has sensed the resistance is too high (wire is broken or temperature is too high), the inverter trips and turns off the output. NOTE: If an EEPROM error (E08) occurs, be sure to confirm the parameter data values are still correct. If the power is turned off while the [RS] (Reset) intelligent input terminal is On, an EEPROM error will occur when power is restored.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6–8 Restoring Factory Default Settings Restoring Factory Default Settings You can restore all inverter parameters to the original factory (default) settings, for the intended country of use. After initializing the inverter, use the powerup test in Chapter 2 to get the motor running again. To initialize the inverter, follow the steps below. 1. First, check the value of function code B85.
L100 Inverter 6–9 Monthly and Yearly Inspection Chart Item Inspected Check for...
6–10 Maintenance and Inspection Troubleshooting and Maintenance Spare parts We recommend that you stock spare parts to reduce down time, which include: Quantity Part description Symbol Notes Used Spare Cooling fan FAN 1 1 022NF, 037LF, 015HF to 075HF Case CV 1 1 Front case Key cover Case Bottom cover Capacitor Life Curve The DC bus inside the inverter uses a large capacitor as shown in the diagram below.
L100 Inverter 6–11 General Inverter Electrical Measurements Parameter Circuit location of measurement Measuring instrument Notes Reference Value Supply voltage E1 ER – across L1 and L2 ES – across L2 and L3 ET – across L3 and L1 Fundamental Moving-coil type voltmeter or wave effective value rectifier type voltmeter Supply current I1 Ir – L1, Is – L2, It – L3 Total effective value — Supply power W1 W11 – across L1 and L2 W12 – across L2 and L3 Total effective value — Supply power factor Pf
Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6–12 Maintenance and Inspection The figures below show measurement locations for voltage, current, and power measurements listed in the table on the previous page. The voltage to be measured is the fundamental wave effective voltage. The power to be measured is the total effective power.
6–13 L100 Inverter Inverter Output Voltage Measurement Techniques Voltage measurement with load L1(L) L2 Inverter L3(N) Voltage measurement without load U/T1 L1(L) V/T2 L2 W/T3 L3(N) U/T1 Inverter V/T2 W/T3 Additional resistor 5 kΩ 30W 220 kΩ 2W 220 kΩ 2W + – V class Diode bridge Voltmeter 200V class 600V 0.01A min. 300V range 400V class 1000V 0.1 A min. 600V range + – V class Diode bridge Voltmeter 200V class 600V 0.01A min. 300V range 400V class 1000V 0.1 A min.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance 6–14 Warranty Warranty Warranty Terms The warranty period under normal installation and handling conditions shall be one (1) year after the date of installation. The warranty shall cover the repair of only the inverter that was installed. 1. Service in the following cases, even within the warranty period, shall be charged to the purchaser: a. Malfunction or damage caused by mis-operation or modification or improper repair b.
Glossary and Bibliography In This Appendix.... A page — Glossary ........................................................... 2 — Bibliography ..................................................... 8 Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
A–2 Glossary Appendix A Glossary Technologies Inc. Ambient Temperature The air temperature in the chamber in which a powered electronic unit resides. A unit’s heat sinks rely on a lower ambient temperature in order to dissipate heat away from sensitive electronics. Auto-tuning The ability of a controller to execute a procedure that interacts with a load to determine the proper coefficients to use in the control algorithm. Auto tuning is a common feature of process controllers with PID loops.
L100 Inverter A–3 The inverter DC braking feature stops the AC commutation to the motor, and sends a DC current through the motor windings in order to stop the motor. Also called “DC injection braking,” it has little effect at high speed, and is used as the motor is nearing a stop. Dead Band In a control system, the range of input change for which there is no perceptible change in the output. In PID loops, the error term may have a dead band associated with it.
A–4 Glossary While frequency has a broad meaning in electronics, it typically refers to motor speed for variable-frequency drives (inverters). This is because the output frequency of the inverter is variable, and is proportional to the attained motor speed. For example, a motor with a base frequency of 60 Hz can be speed controlled with an inverter output varying form 0 to 60 Hz. See also base frequency, carrier frequency, and slip.
L100 Inverter Momentum A–5 Multi-speed Operation The ability of a motor drive to store preset discrete speed levels for the motor, and control motor speed according to the currently selected speed preset. The Hitachi inverters have 16 preset speeds. Motor Load In motor terminology, motor load consists of the inertia of the physical mass that is moved by the motor and the related friction from guiding mechanisms. See also inertia.
A–6 Glossary Appendix A Rectifier Technologies Inc. An electronic device made of one or more diodes which converts AC power into DC power. Rectifiers are usually used in combination with capacitors to filter (smooth) the rectified waveform to closely approximate a pure DC voltage source.
L100 Inverter Stator The windings in a motor that are stationary and coupled to the power input of the motor. See also rotor. Tachometer 1. A signal generator usually attached to the motor shaft for the purpose of providing feedback to the speed controlling device of the motor. 2. A speed-monitoring test meter which may optically sense shaft rotation speed and display it on a readout.
A–8 Bibliography Appendix A Bibliography Technologies Inc. Title Author and Publisher Variable Speed Drive Fundamentals, 2nd Ed. Phipps, Clarence A. The Fairmont Press, Inc. / Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1997 ISBN 0-13-636390-3 Electronic Variable Speed Drives Brumbach, Michael E. Delmar Publishers 1997 ISBN 0-8273-6937-9 Hitachi Inverter Technical Guide Book Published by Hitachi, Ltd. Japan 1995 Publication SIG-E002 Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
Drive Parameter Settings Tables In This Appendix.... B page — Introduction ...................................................... 2 — Parameter Settings for Keypad Entry............... 2 — Parameter Settings for DOP/DRW/DOP Plus .. 7 Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.
B–2 Introduction Introduction This appendix lists the user-programmable parameters for the L100 series inverters and the default values for European and U.S. product types. The right-most column of the tables is blank, so you can record values you have changed from the default. This involves just a few parameters for most applications.
L100 Inverter B–3 Standard Functions “A” Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Func. Code -FE (Europe) -FU (USA) A01 Frequency source setting 01 01 A02 Run command source setting 01 01 A03 Base frequency setting 50.0 60.0 A04 Maximum frequency setting 50.0 60.
B–4 Parameter Settings for Keypad Entry “A” Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Appendix B Func. Code Technologies Inc. Name -FE (Europe) -FU (USA) 10.0 10.0 A43 Manual torque boost frequency adjustment A44 V/F characteristic curve selection 00 00 A45 V/F gain setting 100 100 A51 DC braking enable 00 00 A52 DC braking frequency setting 0.5 0.5 A53 DC braking wait time 0.0 0.0 A54 DC braking force setting 0 0 A55 DC braking time setting 0.0 0.
L100 Inverter B–5 Fine Tuning Functions “B” Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Func. Code -FE (Europe) -FU (USA) B01 Selection of restart mode 00 00 B02 Allowable under-voltage power failure time 1.0 1.0 B03 Delay before motor restart time 1.0 1.0 B12 Level of electronic thermal setting B13 Electronic thermal characteristic 01 01 B21 Overload restriction operation mode 01 01 B22 Overload restriction setting B23 Deceleration rate at overload restriction 1.0 1.
B–6 Parameter Settings for Keypad Entry Intelligent Terminal Functions “C” Group Parameters Default Setting User Setting Appendix B Func. Code Technologies Inc.
L100 Inverter B–7 Parameter Settings for DOP/DRW/DOP Plus L100 series inverters provide many functions and parameters which can be configured by the user. We recommend that you record all parameters which have been edited, in order to help in troubleshooting or recovery from a loss of parameter data. Inverter model } This information is printed on the specification label located on the right side of the inverter. L100 MFG. No. Monitor Mode Setup Func. Code Mon. Technologies Inc.
B–8 Parameter Settings for DOP/DRW/DOP Plus Monitor Mode Setup Func. Code Appendix B Mon. Displayed Default Setting User Setting Name Alarm display -FE (Europe) -FU (USA) ERR1 Under.V ERR1 Under.V ERR1 10.0Hz ERR1 10.0Hz ERR1 0.2A ERR1 0.2A ERR1 189.8Vdc ERR1 189.8Vdc ERR1 RUN 000003H ERR1 RUN 000003H Total alarm count ERROR COUNT 002 ERROR COUNT 002 Trip history, previous alarm (example) ERR2 Under.V ERR2 Under.V ERR2 10.0Hz ERR2 10.0Hz ERR2 0.2A ERR2 0.2A ERR2 189.
L100 Inverter Function Mode Setup Func. Code F-07 User Setting Name -FE (Europe) -FU (USA) Deceleration time 1 DEC 1 0010.0s DEC 1 0010.0s Deceleration time 2 DEC 2 0015.0s DEC 2 0015.0s Deceleration curve setting DEC LINE L DEC LINE L F-10 Restart after FRS signal selection RUN FRS ZST RUN FRS ZST F-11 Output frequency setting SPD FS 000.0Hz SPD FS 000.0Hz Multi-stage 1 setting SPD 1 000.0Hz SPD 1 000.0Hz Multi-speed 2 setting SPD 2 000.0Hz SPD 2 000.
B–10 Parameter Settings for DOP/DRW/DOP Plus Function Mode Setup Func. Code F-23 User Setting Name -FE (Europe) E-THM CHAR CRT E-THM CHAR CRT Electronic thermal level E-THM LVL 01.40A (rated output current) E-THM LVL 01.40A (rated output current) Overload limit setting OLOAD LVL 01.75A (rated current * 1.25A) OLOAD LVL 01.75A (rated current * 1.25A) Overload limit constant OLOAD CONST 01.0 OLOAD CONST 01.
L100 Inverter Function Mode Setup Func. Code F-32 F-33 F-35 F-36 Technologies Inc. Displayed Default Setting User Setting Name -FE (Europe) -FU (USA) Frequency arrival threshold during acceleration ARV ACC 000.0Hz ARV ACC 000.0Hz Frequency arrival threshold during deceleration ARV DEC 000.0Hz ARV DEC 000.0Hz Overload previous level OV Load 01.40A (rated current) OV Load 01.40A (rated current) Error overload (threshold) for PID loop OV PID 003.0% OV PID 003.
B–12 Parameter Settings for DOP/DRW/DOP Plus Appendix B Function Mode Setup Displayed Default Setting User Setting Func. Code Name F-37 Monitor signal selection MONITOR F-38 Initialization country code for default settings INIT SEL Debug mode display selection INIT DEBG OFF INIT DEBG OFF Motor rotation direction INIT DOPE FWD INIT DOPE FWD Initial mode selection INIT MODE TRP INIT MODE TRP PID loop enable PID SW PID SW PID proportional gain PID P 1.0 PID P 1.
Index A A Group standard functions 3–10 AC motor 1–9 AC reactors 5–3 Acceleration 3–9, 3–19 two-stage 4–10 Access levels 2–2 Accessories 5–2 Air flow 2–7 Alarm signal 4–22 Alarm terminals 4–5 Analog I/O terminals 4–5 Analog input operation 4–24 current/voltage select 4–15 Analog input settings 3–11 Analog output operation 4–25 current/voltage select 4–15 Automatic voltage regulation 3–18 AVR function 3–18 B B Group fine tuning settings 3–21 Base frequency 3–10 Bibliography A–8 Books on variable-frequency
Index–2 E Editing parameters 2–22 EEPROM 1–10 Electronic thermal overload alarm 3–22 EMI filter 5–4 Environmental conditions 6–9 Environmental specs 1–6 Error codes 6–6 Event clearing 4–16 External frequency command 3–11 External trip event 4–12 F F Group functions 3–9 Factory default settings 6–8 Fault 4–22 Faults 6–5 Features 1–2, 2–2 Fine tuning settings 3–21 Forward run command 4–6 Free-run stop 4–9, 4–11 Frequency arrival signal 4–19 Frequency command settings 3–16 Frequency display scaling 3–25 Frequ
L100 Inverter Motor poles 1–14 Mounting dimensions 2–8 Mounting location 2–6 Multiple-motor operation 4–28 Multi-speed profile 1–11 Multi-speed select settings 4–7 Multi-speed setting 3–12 O Operational modes 3–5 Optional components 2–5, 5–2 Orientation 2–2 Output deviation for PID loop 4–21 Output frequency 3–9 Output terminal functions 3–31, 4–18 Output wiring 2–16 Overload advance notice signal 4–20 Overload restriction setting 3–23 P Parameter editing 2–19, 2–22 Parameter monitoring 2–24 Parameter set
Index–4 U Unattended Start Protection 4–13 USP 4–13 V V/F characteristics 3–13 Variable-frequency control 3–5 Variable-frequency drive definition 1–7 Velocity profile 1–11 Ventilation 2–7 Technologies Inc. Toll Free: voice: 1-877-539-2542 fax: 1-800-539-2542 www.mgitech.