/\ SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Radio Frequency Radiation Hazard The radar antenna emits electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) energy which can be harmful, particularly 10 your eyes. Never look directly into the antenna aperture from a close distance while the radar is in operation or expose yourself to the transmitting antenna at a close distance. Distances at which RF radiation levels of 100 and 10 W/m? exist are given in the table below.
ON 2: Do not open the equipment. improper handling can result in electrical shock. Only qualified personnel shod work inside the equipment. Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment. Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipment. Stay away from transmitting antenna. (3) A The radar antenna emits microwave radiation which can be harmful to the human body, particularly the eyes.
CHART (Search and Rescue Transponder) A Search and Rescue Transponder (CHART) may be triggered by any X-Band (3 cm) radar within a range of approximately 8 n.miles. Each radar pulse received causes it to transmit a response which is swept repetitively across the complete radar frequency band. When interrogated, it first sweeps rapidly (0.4 spec) through the band before beginning a relatively slow sweep (7.5 spec) through the band back to the starting frequency.
General remarks on receiving CHART Radar range scale When looking for a CHART it is preferable to use either the 6 or 12 nautical mile range scale. This is because the total displayed length of the CHART response dots may extend approximately 8.5 nautical miles beyond the position of the CHART and it is necessary to see a number of response dots to distinguish the CHART from other responses.
FOREWORD 0 Congratulations on your choice of the RUNOFF Marine Radar. We are confident you will see why the RUNOFF name has become synonymous with quality and reliability. For over 40 years RUNOFF Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable reputation for innovative and dependable marine electronics equipment. This dedication to excellence is furthered by our extensive global network of agents and dealers. Your radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine environment.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Lo -V FOREWORD... MENU TREE sever Vi SYSTEM CONFIGURATION... viii 1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 1.1 What is Radar? ec. 1-1 1.2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radar I= 1.3 How Radar Determines Range 1.4 How Radar Determines Bearing 1.5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed nn BF 1.6 The Radar Display o.com 141 2. BASIC OPERATION 2.1 Control Description 2.2 Display Indications and Marker: 2.3 Turning the Radar On/Off 2.4 Transmitting, rand-by 2.6 Selecting the Lunge 2.
MENU TREE SS MENU KEY | RINGS (Off, 1, 2,8, max) INDEX LINE (58 On) DIPS DATA (NAV, Auto portiere, NAV and Auto plotter) INT REJECT #3, On) RAP-10 MENU OTHER MENU 1. Display 2. All Cancel! 3. Vector Ret 4, Vector Length 5. History 8. CPA SET 7. TC PA SET 1. Panel Dimmer (1,2. 3.8 2. Mark Brill (1, 2,3, 3. HD Mark (1,2, 3,8) 4. Characters (1,2, 3,8) Attitude 5. Trail Tone (SING, Ult} 8. AUTO ACQ . Lengthwise (Short, KISS} {With RAP-10 only.) 7. Noise Reject (ill. On) 8.
2. BASIC OPERATION 2.1 Control Description Turns power on. Press together with [STUBBY) key to turn power off. (Control) Adjusts sensitivity of radar receiver. (Switch) Temporarily erases heading Ok marker {and north marker if displayed). (Control) Reduces sea clutter. {Switch) Automatically reduces sea and rain clutters. Alternates between stand-by and transmit. = © NAV data and PARA data can be snowy eT displayed individually or together." Fo © Suppresses electrical noise.” TTL Selects radar range.
Heading marker Range and bearing of a target, relative to own ship, are readable on the PPL Own ship {radar) in center {A) Bird's eye view of situation (B) Radar picture of (A) Figure 1-1 How radar works
2.3 Turning the Radar On/Off Press the [POWER] key to turn the radar on. To turn the radar off, press the [POWER] key together with the [STUBBY] key. When the radar is turned on, the control panel lights and a timer displays the time remaining for warm up of the magneto (the device which produces radar pulses), counting down from 1:30 to 0:01 (2:00 to 0:0] for FR-7252). 2.4 Transmitting After the power is turned on and the magneto has warmed up, STY (Stand-By) appears at the screen center.
2.2 Display Indication and Markers Echo rail elapsed time Heading {requires heading data) Heading marker — Tuning status Tuning bar Range Tl { 25MM Range ring interval 0625 Pulse length Display mods 2nd-trace echo 2 suppressor Guard zone area EBL VRM2Z Cursor AC AUTO (P25) FEEBLE bearing FEEBLE bearing 8P HDG [204.
Adjusting the A/C SEA control The proper setting of the A/C SEA should be such that the clutter js broken up into small dots, and small targets become distinguishable. clutter has disappeared to leeward, but 4 little is still visible windward. 1. Confirm that the sensitivity js properly adjusted, and then transmit on short range. 2.
Note 1:Availability of a particular display item depends on incoming data. Note 2:When Range to Way point reaches 0.1 nm, the WPT mark jumps to dead ahead even though a difference may exist between heading and BRG to WPT. Note 3:When crass track error exceeds 1 nm on either side, the XTE mark starts blinking. 2.
2.14 Measuring the Range You can measure the range to a target three ways: by the range rings, by the cursor, and by the VRM (Variable Range Marker). Measuring range by range rings Count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target. Check the range ring interval and judge the distance of the echo from the inner edge of the nearest ring. To turn the rings on or off, see the menu operation later(Chapter 3).
2.11 Selecting the Presentation Mode This radar provides four presentation modes: head-up, course-up, north-up and true motion. Press the [MODE] key. With heading sensor connection, the display and the display mode indication at the top left-hand corner of the display change in the sequence of HU (Head-up), CU {Course-up), NU (Northrup) and TM (True Motion) when the [MODE] key is pressed. If there is no heading sensor connection, the display mode is always HU.
2.14 Measuring the Range You can measure the range to a target three ways: by the range rings, by the cursor, and by the VRM (Variable Range Marker). Measuring range by range rings Count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target. Check the range ring interval and judge the distance of the echo from the inner edge of the nearest ring. To turn the rings on or off, see the menu operation later(Chapter 3).
Target Cursor — FEEBLE |— FEEBLE Cursor Bearing EBL FEEBLE bearing —[ 40.0") EBL bearing — 135.0" fi 40.0°% 4.0 NM Figure 2-10 How to measure bearing by EBL and cursor Note: The bearing readout for the EBL and the cursor can be displayed in relative or true bearing (true bearing requires heading sensor input). For North-up and Course-up display modes the bearing reference is always true.
To cancel, press the [EBL OFFSET] key. FEEBLE VERMIN COR TE N Ml-— VAM bearing range Figure 2-12 Measuring the range and bearing between two targets by using the offset EBL 2.17 Shifting (off centering) the Picture Your vessel's position can be shifted the range in use to view the situation around your vessel without changing the range or size of targets. 1. Operate the trackball to set cursor where desired. 2. Press the [SHIFT/ZOOM] key.
3.5 Displaying Navigation Data To turn navigation data on or off Co | Press the [F1] key if its function is set for DIPS Navigation data can be displayed at the screen DATA (default setting), or select DATA DIPS bottom if this radar receives navigation input on the menu, in IEC 1162 format, Navigation data include: ® Position in latitude and longitude or Rancor time difference ® Range, bearing and time-to-go to both way point selected on the navigator and the cursor ® Speed.
3.3 Suppressing Radar Interference Radar interference may occur when near another ship borne radar operating in the same frequency band as your radar. Its on-screen appearance is many bright dots either scattered at random or in the form of dotted lines extending from the center to the edge of the display. Figure 3-4 illustrates interference in the from of curved spokes.
Dashed line: ™, normal i = ™~ Guard / zone IN ALARM OUT ALARM Figure 3-8 In and Out alarm Setting a guard zone Preparation i. 3 4, Press the [MENU] key, and then select “OTHER MENU,” and press the [CARPENTER] key. . Select “15. Guard Mode” and “In” (alarm on target entering zone) or “Out” (alarm on target exiting zone) by operating the trackball. Press the [CARPENTER] key. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu. To set a guard zone 1. Mentally create the guard zone you want to set.
3.6 Echo Trail You can show the movement of all radar targets relative to your vessel in afterglow. This function is useful for alerting you to possible collision situations. Starting echo trail Press the [ECHO TRAIL] key. TRAIL, the echo trail time selected {on “OTHER MENU") and elapsed time appear at the top right-hand comer of the display. Then, afterglow starts extending from all targets.
3.9 OTHER MENU Description The table below summarizes the OTHER MENU. Table 3-2 OTHER MENU Description Item Description 1. Panel Dimmer Selects level of panel back light. 2. Mark Brill Selects brilliance of VRM, EBL, cursor, guard zone and WP marks. 3, HD Mark Selects brilliance of heading marker. 4. Characters Selects brilliance of characters. 5. Traci! Tone Selects gradations of echo trails. 6. Lengthwise Selects pulse length for 1.5 and 3 mile ranges. 7. Noise Reject Select “On” to reject noise. 8.
Notes on the guard alarm ® The alarm is a useful anti-collision aid, but does not relieve the operator of the responsibility to also keep a visual lookout for possible collision situations. ® When the radar range is less than one half of the guard zone range, the guard zone disappears and “G (IN) or “G (OUT)” appears in inverse video. If this happens, raise range to re-display the guard zone.
4. FALSE ECHOES Occasionally false echoes appear on the screen at positions where there is no target. In some cases the effects can be reduced or eliminated. The operator should familiarize himself or herself with the appearance and effects of these false echoes, so as not to confuse them with echoes from legitimate contacts, 4.1 Multiple Echoes Multiple echoes occur when a short range, strong echo is received from a ship, bridge, or breakwater.
3.10 Function Keys The function keys (F1 and F2) work like the auto-dialing feature of a telephone, automatically executing the function assigned to them. The assigned function can be muted on/off by pressing appropriate function key again. Default settings F1: Display NAVARRO data F2: Noise ejector How to program function keys 1. Press the [MENU] key. 2. Press [F1] or [F2] to open the function menu. [ SETTING FOR F1 KNOB | # Sel by T-blat & press ENT. 4 Press MENU kay to escapes.
5. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING: 0S This chapter tells you how to keep your radar in good working order. Before reviewing this chapter please read the safety information which follows. A WARNING Do not open the equipment. Improper handling can result in electrical shock. Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment. RF RADIATION HAZARD The radar antenna emits high frequency radio radiation which can be harmful, particularly to your ayes.
4.3 Indirect Echoes Indirect echoes may be returned from either a passing ship or returned from a reflecting surface on your own ship, for example, a stack. In both cases. the echo will return from a legitimate contact to the antenna by the same indirect path. The echo will appear on the same bearing of the reflected surface, but at the same range as the direct echo. Figure 4-3 illustrates the effect of an indirect echo.
‘5.4 Self Test The self test facility checks the keyboard, ROM and RAM for proper operation, 1. Press the [MENU] key. 2. Select “OTHER MENU”. 3. Select “22. Self Test” and press the [ACQ/ ENTER] key. The following display appears. [ Leif Test] Kay test: Press each key and check on-screen indication fights. COC a = ace, ® CoC a from om om rc Program No.: 0359146 1XX HOM K RAM OK prospers MENU for OTHERS menu.» Figure 5-1 Self test screen 4. The ROM and RAM are automatically checked.
5.3 Troubleshooting Table 5-2 contains simple troubleshooting procedures which you can follow to try to restore normal operation. If you cannot restore normal operation, do not attempt to check inside any unit of the radar system. Any repair work is best left to a qualified technician. Table 5-2 Troubleshooting table If... But... Then... you pressed the [POWER] key to tum on the radar the control panel does not light « try adjusting the control panel back lighting on the OTHERS MENU.
6. RAP-10 (OPTION) A WARNING No one navigational aid should be relied upon for the safety of vessel and crew. The navigator has the responsibility to check ali aids available to confirm position. Electronic aids are not a substitute for basic navigational principles and common sense. « This auto plotter automatically tracks an automatically or manually acquired radar target and calculates its course and speed, indicating them by a vector.
6.3 Activating the Auto Plotter To activate the RAP-10, follow the steps shown below. 1. Adjust the GAIN, A/C SEA and A/C RAIN controls for proper radar picture. . Press the [MENU] key to open the main menu. . Operate the trackball to select “RAP-10 MENU". . Press the [CARPENTER] key. The menu shown in Figure 6-1 appears. . Operate the trackball to select the menu item “1. Display”. . Operate the trackball to select “On”. 7. Press the [CARPENTER] key. 8. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
6.1 General The Auto Plotter RAP-10 is an optional circuit board which is accommodated in the display unit of the FR-7062 radar. The Auto Plotter permits manual or automatic acquisition and automatic tracking radar targets. An internal microprocessor calculate target data such as speed and course and displays the results in alphanumeric and by vectors. To ensure the reliability of the displayed target data, the radar must be properly adjusted for minimum sea returns and noise.
6.6 Terminating Tracking of Targets When the RAP-10 has acquired 10 targets, no more acquisition occurs unless targets are ghost. Should this happen, cancel tracking of individual targets or all targets by the procedure described below. Individual targets Place the cursor on the target which you do not want to be tracked any longer by operating the trackball and press and hold down the {SELECT/CANCEL] key. All targets Tracking of all targets can be canceled from the RAP-10 MENU. 1. Open the “RAP-10 MENU".
Deactivating the auto plotter 1. Press the [MENU] key. 2. Open the "RAP-10 MENU". 3. Operate the trackball to select the “1. Display”. 4, Operate the trackball to select “Off”. 5. Press the [CARPENTER] key. 6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu. 6.4 Manual Acquisition Follow the steps below to manually acquire a target. Up to 10 targets can be manually acquired. 1. Place the cursor on a target of interest by operating the trackball. 2. Press the [CARPENTER] key.
FURLONG FR-7062 SPECIFICATIONS OF MARINE RADAR 1. GENERAL (1) Indication System FR-7062 PPI Daylight display, raster scan, 8 tones in monochrome {2) Range, Pulse length (PL) & Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR) Range (nautical miles) PL [PRR 01251025105 Jobs] 1 [15 SP [2100 Hz 0.08 us MP 1200 [600 HZ 0.8 ps *$550 range or more {3) Range Resolution {4) Bearing Discrimination {5} Minimum Range (6) Bearing Accuracy (7) Range Ring Accuracy 2.
6.8 Mode and Length of Vectors True or relative vector Target vectors are displayed in relative or true mode, Own ship does not have a vector in relative mode. Vector length From the RAP-16 MENU, Vector Length can be set to 30 seconds, minutes and the selected vector time is indicated on the screen. The vector tip shows an estimated position of the target after the selected vector time elapses. Tt can be valuable to extend the vector length to evaluate the risk of collision with any target.
FURLING Waypoint(Range, Bearing): Lorna time difference: Water depth: Water temperature: Time: XTE: (7) Output Data FR-7082 RMB>BWC>BWR RMA>GLC>GTD DPT>DBT>DBK>DBS MTW>MDA ZDA RMB>XTE>APB *1: calculate by magnetic drift. TLL (target data) and RSD 5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION (1) Ambient Temperature (2) Relative Humidity (3) Waterproofing Scanner Unit Display Unit Scanner Unit: -25°C to 470°C Display Unit: ~15°C to +55°C 95 % or less at +40°C IP Chassis: not specified Panel: IP 6.
RUNOFF R708 {6) Tuning {Ty Receiver Front End (8) Bandwidth (9) Duplexes 4. DISPLAY UNIT (1) Indication System (2) Picture Tube (3) Range, Range Interval, Number of Rings Automatic or manual (for manual, select manual tuning on menu and tune by trackball) MIC (Microwave IC) Tx pulse length 0.08 ps and 0.3 ps: 25 MHz Tx pulse length 0.
RUNOFF FR:7112 SPECIFICATIONS OF MARINE RADAR FR-7112 1. GENERAL {I) Indication System PPI Daylight display, raster scan, 8 tones in monochrome (2) Range, Lengthiness (PL) & Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR) Range (nautical miles) PL PRR (0.125 10251 05 | 0.75] 1 15 SP 2100 Hz 0.08 pus MP [1200H2 0.3 ps LP [600 Hz 0.8 us *330 range or more {3) Range Resolution Better than 20 m (4) Bearing Discrimination XENIA: within 1.9°, XN13A: within 1.2° (5) Minimum Range 25 m (0.
RUNG Fre 9. COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE n @ Display Unit Standard: 1.1m Steering: 0.8 m Scarier Unit Standard: 1.0m Steering: 0.8 m. 10. ARP MODULE (OPTION) Acquisition Range 0.210 16 NM Tracking Range 0.
FURLONG FR7112 Waypoint(Range, Bearing): RMB>BWC>BWR Lorna time difference: RMA>GLC>GTD Water depth: DPT>DBT>DBK>DBS Water temperature: MTW>MDA Time: ZDA XTE: RMB>XTE>APB *1: calculate by magnetic drift. (7) Output Data RS-422 TLL {target data) and RSD 5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION (1) Ambient Temperature Scanner Unit: -25°C to +70°C Display Unit: -15°C to +55°C (2) Relative Humidity 95 % or less at +40°C (3) Waterproofing Scanner Unit IP Display Unit Chassis: not specified Panel: IP 6.
RUNOFF ER-I11Z {6) Tuning Automatic or manual (for manual, select manual tuning on menu and tune by trackball) {7) Receiver Front End MIC (Microwave IC) (8) Bandwidth Tx pulse length 0.08 ps and 0.3 ps: 25 MHz Tx pulse length 0.8 ps: 3 MHz (9) Duplexes Circulatory with diode limiter 4.
FURLONG FR-7252 SPECIFICATIONS OF MARINE RADAR FR-7252 1. GENERAL (1) Indication System PPI Daylight display, raster scan, 8 tones in monochrome (2) Range, Pulse length (PL) & Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR) Range (nautical miles] PL _|PRR 01251025105 1075] 1 | 15 Hz 0.08 ps MP [1200 Hz 03ps LP 1600 Hz 08 us *3550 range, or 500 range (3) Range Resolution Better than 20 m (4) Bearing Discrimination ~~ XN12A: within 1.9°, XN13A: within 1.2° (5) Minimum Range 25 m (0.
FURLONG FR-7112 9. COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE 0 2) Display Unit Standard: 1.1m Steering: 0.8 m Scanner Unit Standard: 1.0 m Steering: 0.8 m 10. ARP MODULE (OPTION) Acquisition Range Tracking Range 0.
RUNOFF ‘Waypoint(Range, Bearing): Lorna time difference: Water depth: ‘Water temperature: Time: XTE: (7) Output Data FR-7252 RMB>BWC>BWR RMA>GLC>GTD DPT>DBT>DBK>DBS MTW>MDA ZDA RMB>XTE>APB *1: calculate by magnetic drift. RS422 TLL (target data) and RSD 5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION (1) Ambient Temperature {2) Relative Humidity {3) Waterproofing Scanner Unit Display Unit 6. POWER SUPPLY & POW (1) Power Supply (2) Voltage and Current (3) Power Consumption 7. DIMENSIONS AND MASS 8.
F LIN (6) Tuning (7) Receiver Front End (8) Bandwidth (9) Duplexes 4. DISPLAY UNIT (1) Indication System (2} Picture Tube FR-7252 Automatic or manual (for manual, select manual tuning on menu and tune by trackball) MIC (Microwave IC) Tx pulse length 0.08 ps and 0.3 us: 25 MHz Tx pulse length 0.
INDEX Lo] A N INGRAIN 2-5 A A/C SEA 24 navigation data 3.3 LL north marker 2-6 acquisition area 6-2 alarm 3-4 north-up 2-6 auto plotter 6-2 0 B off center 2-9 bearing 2-7 P blind sector 4-2 pulse length 3-2 [4 R course-up 2-6 range 2-4 cursor 2-7 radar interference 3-2 CPA CHART iii EBL 2.7 second-trace echoes 3-8 EBL offset 2-8 self test 5-3 echo trail 3-4 sensitivity 2-4 echo stretch 2-6 shadow sectors 4-2 economy mode 2-3 side-lobe echoes 4-1 F stand-by 2.
RUNOFF FR-7252 9. COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE m @ Display Unit Standard: 1.1m Steering: 0.8 m Scanner Unit Standard: 1.7 m Steering: 1.3m 10. ARP MODULE (OPTION) Acquisition Range 0.210 16 NM Tracking Range 0.