User Guide Version 1.0 www.focusrite.
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OVERVIEW Introduction Thank you for purchasing this Third Generation Scarlett 18i20, one of the family of Focusrite professional computer interfaces incorporating high quality Focusrite analogue preamps. In conjunction with the unit’s accompanying software application, Focusrite Control, you now have a compact yet highly versatile solution for routing high quality audio to and from your computer.
The outputs can be connected to amplifiers and speakers, powered monitors, headphones, an audio mixer or any other analogue or digital audio equipment that you wish to use. Although all inputs and outputs on the Scarlett 18i20 are routed directly to and from your DAW for recording and playback, you can configure the routing within your DAW in order to meet your precise needs.
Rackmounting the Scarlett 18i20 The Scarlett 18i20 can be mounted in a standard 19” equipment rack. In order to do this, the rack ears supplied with the unit need first to be fitted. To fit the rack ears: • Remove the rubber “Focusrite” inserts from the sides of the case.
GETTING STARTED With the Third Generation, Scarlett interfaces introduce a new, faster way of getting up and running, using the Scarlett Quick Start tool. All you need to do is connect your Scarlett 18i20 to your computer. Once connected, you will see that the device is recognised by your PC or Mac and the Quick Start tool will guide you through the process from there. IMPORTANT: The Scarlett 18i20 has a single USB 2.
Double-click on the “Click Here to Get Started.url” icon. This will redirect you to the Focusrite website, where we recommend that you register your device: Click on “Let’s get you started”, and you’ll be presented with a form which will be partly prefilled for you automatically. On submitting the form, options will be presented to either go straight to the downloads area to get the software for your Scarlett, or to follow a step by step setup guide based on your choices.
Windows only: On connecting your Scarlett 18i20 to your PC, a Scarlett icon will appear on the desktop: (Note that the drive letter may be something other than D:, depending on what other devices you have connected to your PC).
Double-click “Click Here to Get Started”. This will redirect you to the Focusrite website, where we recommend that you register your device: Click on “Let’s get you started”, and you’ll be presented with a form which will be partly prefilled for you automatically. On submitting the form, options will be presented to either go straight to the downloads area to get the software for your Scarlett, or to follow a step-by-step setup guide based on your choices.
All users: Note that a second file - “More Info & FAQs” - is also available during the initial set-up process. This file contains some additional information about the Focusrite Quick Start tool which you may find helpful if you have any issues with the procedure.
HARDWARE FEATURES Front Panel 1 14 2 3 4 7 6 5 10 8 15 12 11 9 16 13 17 18 The front panel includes all the input gain and monitoring controls as well as two of the input connectors for Mic, Line and Instrument signals. 1. Inputs 1 and 2 – Combo” type input sockets - connect microphones, instruments (e.g., guitar), or line level signals here. Combo sockets accept both XLR and ¼” (6.35 mm) jacks.
8. Input meters – eight 5-segment LED bargraph meters indicating the signal levels of the eight analogue input signals. The meters show signal level after the input gain stage, and thus their indication is affected by the gain controls. The LEDs illuminate at -42 (green, “signal present”), -18 (green), -6 (green), -3 (yellow) and 0 dBFS (red). A level of 0 dBFS implies digital clipping, and should always be avoided. 9.
Rear Panel 28 22 27 24 23 25 21 20 19 26 19. MIC/LINE INPUTS 3 to 8 – Combo type input sockets - connect further microphones or line level signals via XLR or ¼” (6.35 mm) jacks as appropriate. Either ¼” TRS (balanced) or TS (unbalanced) jack plugs can be used for line level signals. 20. LINE OUTPUTS 1 and 2 (MAIN) – two balanced analogue line outputs on ¼” (6.35 mm) jack sockets; use TRS jacks for a balanced connection or TS jacks for unbalanced.
Connecting your Scarlett 18i20 Power The Scarlett 18i20 should be connected to AC mains with the supplied AC power cable. Plug the IEC connector into the rear panel IEC receptacle. When using the Scarlett 18i20 with a computer (i.e., not as a “stand-alone” mixer), we recommend that the unit is not turned on until the USB connection has been made – see below. USB USB Port Types: The Scarlett 18i20 has a single Type C USB 2.0 port (on the rear panel).
Audio Setup in your DAW The Scarlett 18i20 is compatible with any Windows-based DAW that supports ASIO or WDM and any Mac-based DAW that uses Core Audio. After following the Getting Started procedure described on page 6, you can start using the Scarlett 18i20 with the DAW of your choice.
Once the Scarlett 18i20 is set as the preferred Audio Device* in your DAW, all 18 inputs and 20 outputs will appear in your DAW’s Audio I/O preferences (note however that Ableton Live Lite is limited to a maximum of four simultaneous mono input channels and four simultaneous mono output channels). Depending on your DAW, you may need to enable certain inputs or outputs before use. The two examples below show two inputs and two outputs enabled in Ableton Live Lite’s Input Config and Output Config pages.
Examples of Usage The Scarlett 18i20 is an excellent choice for several different recording and monitoring applications. Some typical configurations are shown below. Recording a band Microphone Guitar Engineer’s Headphones (Front Panel) (Rear Panel) Stereo Headphone Amplifier Stereo Keys Musicians’ Individual foldback mixes This setup illustrates a typical configuration for recording a group of musicians with DAW software on Mac or PC.
Low Latency Monitoring You will frequently hear the term “latency” used in connection with digital audio systems. In the case of the simple DAW recording application described above, latency will be the time it takes for your input signals to pass through your computer and audio software, and back out again via your audio interface.
Connecting Scarlett 18i20 to loudspeakers The 1/4” jack MAIN outputs on the rear panel (Line Outputs 1 and 2) will normally be used to drive your primary monitoring speakers. Self-powered monitors incorporate internal amplifiers with a volume control, and may be connected directly. Passive loudspeakers will require a separate stereo amplifier; in this case, the rear panel outputs should be connected to the amplifier’s inputs. Active Speakers All the line output connectors are 3-pole (TRS) ¼” (6.
speakers to other pairs of Line Outputs (e.g., near-fields to Line Outputs 3 and 4, mid-fields to Line Outputs 5 and 6) and switch between them in Focusrite Control. Scarlett 18i20’s ALT function (see below) has been included to make using a second pair of monitors very simple. IMPORTANT: LINE OUTPUTS 1 to 4 incorporate “anti-thump” circuitry that protects your speakers if the Scarlett 18i20 is turned on while the speakers (and amplifier if used) are connected and active.
Working with surround sound Because the Scarlett 18i20 is equipped with ten line outputs, it is ideally suited for use when working in multichannel sound formats – LCRS, 5.1 surround or 7.1 surround, for example. In order to route each channel to the correct output you will need to route the DAW outputs to the Line Outputs in Focusrite Control (e.g. DAW Output 1 > Line Output 1, DAW Output 2 > Line Output 2, etc.).
The example below shows how you would connect the six loudspeakers in a 5.1 surround monitoring arrangement.
Using the ADAT connection In addition to the eight analogue inputs, the Scarlett 18i20 has two OPTICAL IN ADAT input ports which can provide an additional eight audio inputs at sample rates up to 96 kHz. Note that the optical input is disabled when sample rates of 176.4/192 kHz are in use. Using a separate 8-channel microphone preamplifier equipped with an ADAT output – such as the Focusrite Scarlett OctoPre – provides a simple and excellent method of expanding the Scarlett 18i20’s input capability.
If a suitable multi-channel digital-to-analogue converter is available, the 18i20’s OPTICAL OUT ADAT ports may be used in the opposite manner; for example, additional outputs from the DAW may be converted into the analogue domain to allow the use of an external hardware mixing console to mix down a large number of DAW tracks. At 44.1/48 kHz sample rate, the right-hand OPTICAL OUT port carries Channels 1 to 8, while at 88.
FOCUSRITE CONTROL Focusrite Control software allows flexible mixing and routing of all audio signals to the physical audio outputs, as well as control of output monitor levels. Sample rate selection and digital sync options are also available from Focusrite Control. NOTE: Focusrite Control is a generic product, and may be used with several other Focusrite hardware interfaces.
Channel Listing tables The 18i20’s inputs and outputs will appear in Focusrite Control with slightly different channel numbers depending on the sample rate being used. The channel numbers will also vary when the optical ADAT ports are in use, depending on which Digital I/O Mode is selected (see Digital I/O Modes below). Digital I/O Modes The Scarlett 18i20 supports three Digital I/O modes: these are selected from the Device Settings pane of Focusrite Control.
Mode 3: Dual ADAT Select this mode when you need more than four ADAT input and/or output channels when working at 88.2/96 kHz sample rate. Digital port Sample rate (kHz) 44.1/48 88.2/96 176.
The tables below list the how the 18i20’s inputs and outputs appear in Focusrite Control for each of the three Optical I/O modes, at each of the three sample rate pairs. Note that the first digit in the entries relating to the ADAT channels refers to the port in use: so “ADAT 1.1” to “ADAT 1.4” are ADAT Chs 1 to 4 at the right-hand port of each pair, while “ADAT 2.1” to “ADAT 2.4” are ADAT Chs 5 to 8 at the left-hand port of each pair. At 44.
At 88.
At 176.
SPECIFICATIONS Performance Specifications NOTE: All performance figures measured in accordance with the provisions of AES17, as applicable. Configuration Inputs 18: analogue (8), ADAT (8), S/PDIF (2) Outputs 20: analogue (10), ADAT (8), S/PDIF (2) Mixer Fully assignable 18-in/10-out software mixer (Focusrite Control) Supported sample rates 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 96 kHz, 176.4 kHz, 192 kHz Microphone Inputs 1 to 8 Dynamic Range 111 dB (A-weighted) Frequency Response 20 Hz to 20 kHz ±0.
THD+N < 0.03% (minimum gain, -1 dBFS input with 22 Hz/22 kHz bandpass filter) Maximum Input Level +12.5 dBu (no PAD); +14 dBu (PAD selected); measured at minimum gain Gain Range 56 dB Input Impedance 1.5 Mohms Line Outputs 1 to 10 Dynamic Range 108.5 dB (A-weighted) Maximum Output Level (0 dBFS) +15.5 dBu (balanced) THD+N < 0.
Physical and Electrical Characteristics Analogue Inputs 1 & 2 Connectors XLR Combo type: Mic/Line/Inst, on front panel Mic/Line switching Automatic Line/Instrument switching 2 x front panel switches or via Focusrite Control Pad 10 dB attenuation, selected per channel from Focusrite Control Phantom power Shared +48 V phantom power switch for inputs 1 to 4 AIR function Selected per channel from Focusrite Control Analogue Inputs 3 to 8 Connectors XLR Combo: Mic/Line, on rear panel Mic/Line switch
Front Panel indicators USB/Power Green LED Phantom power 2 x red LEDs (Chs 1-4, 5-8) Instrument mode 2 x red LEDs (Chs 1 & 2) AIR mode 8 x yellow LEDs Pad active 8 x green LEDs MIDI data received Green LED Lock indicator Green LED Talkback active Green LED ALT speakers selected Green LED Monitors DIM and MUTE Yellow LED (DIM); red LED (MUTE) Weight and Dimensions WxDxH Weight 34 482.6 mm x 46.6 mm (1U) x 259.8 mm 19 in x 1.83 in (1U) x 10.23 in 3.195 kg 7.
TROUBLESHOOTING For all troubleshooting queries, please visit the Focusrite Help Centre at http://support.focusrite.com/ where you will find articles covering numerous troubleshooting examples. COPYRIGHT AND LEGAL NOTICES Your Scarlett 18i20 has a two-year warranty, valid anywhere in the world, against manufacturing defects. Full Terms and Conditions of the Warranty can be found at https://focusrite.com/warranty.
User Guide (Scarlett 3rd Gen. Edition) Version 1.0 www.focusrite.
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Software Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INTRODUCTION This is the User Guide for Focusrite Control, the software application that has been developed specifically for use with the Focusrite Scarlett 3rd Generation range of USB audio interfaces. If you’ve just become the owner of a Scarlett 3rd Generation interface, you’ll need both this User Guide and the User Guide for your hardware. You can download the hardware User Guide from http://uk.focusrite.com/downloads.
System Requirements IMPORTANT Please visit the following link for up-to-date information on computer and operating system compatibility for Focusrite Control and all Scarlett products: www.focusrite.com/downloads/os Software Installation All software required by the Scarlett – and several powerful and useful extras – are available for download from the Focusrite website (www.focusrite.com/register and www.focusrite.com/ downloads).
The Scarlett Mixer – basic principles Your Scarlett interface contains an internal audio mixer which allows you to create one or more mixes of the various audio sources in your system, and send them to the physical outputs of your interface. These sources include tracks that you have recorded on your DAW as well as the sources connected to the Scarlett’s various physical inputs. Before starting to use Focusrite Control, it is a good idea to gain an understanding of the basic principle of this mixer.
MIXING & ROUTING PAGE Installing Focusrite Control on your computer will place an FC icon on the desktop (Windows) or in the Applications folder (macOS). Click the icon to launch Focusrite Control. You should see a screen similar to that below: NOTE If instead you get a warning message stating No Hardware Connected, this means that the computer has been unable to establish communication with the Scarlett hardware.
Configuring and controlling the mixer NOTE To help you use the software effectively, Focusrite Control provides a comprehensive set of tool tips; when you hover the cursor over any of the controls, a description of what the control does appears in the status bar at the bottom of the window. Click File > Presets > Empty. There are other Presets available which load up pre-configured mixer configurations – these are often useful starting points for the task you’re performing.
The Output section Let’s look at the Output section first, as this is always fully visible while the Output Routing page is selected. OUTPUTS has a vertical scroll bar; if your hardware interface has more outputs than can be fitted on the screen, scroll down to see the rest. Each output (or pair of outputs if in stereo mode) has its own tab, each of which has the following features: Stereo Output Mono Outputs 4 7 5 3 2 6 1. Output identifier (e.g.
You’ll see that as you change the source selection for an output, the right hand side of the window displays a graphic illustrating the routing. For simple one-to-one routings, the graphic looks like this: 4. Fader – use this to adjust the signal level at the output. Note that all output levels are set to maximum as a default (unity gain). If the fader “knob” is green, it means that control of the output level is assigned to the physical MONITOR control on the Scarlett’s front panel.
The Mixer section The Input section is divided into two: HARDWARE INPUTS and SOFTWARE (DAW) PLAYBACK. The two halves of the Input area are where you control the inputs to your mix for the selected output. It is important to remember that you can create a different mix for each output, and you can have as many mixes as your Scarlett’s internal mixer allows.
You can now “build” the mixer that will feed the selected Output by clicking on the two ‘+’ tabs. Each will open a selection box: the HARDWARE INPUTS half of the area lists all the Scarlett’s physical inputs (see page 13 for details of available hardware inputs for your Scarlett device), while in the SOFTWARE (DAW) PLAYBACK area, the selection box lists the available DAW tracks. You can repeat this process as many times as you like, adding channels up to the maximum capacity of your Scarlett hardware.
Each input channel has the following features: 10 2 3 7 8 9 4 1 5 6 1. Input identifier – this is the actual physical input to the channel. 2. Custom name – you can click this field and enter a name – e.g., the instrument in question – of up to 11 characters. 3. Fader – use this to adjust the level of the signal in the mix. Note that the default setting for all faders is 0 dB, while “fader max” is at +6 dB. Double-clicking in the fader “slot” will set the fader at 0 dB. 4.
Hardware Inputs available on Scarlett devices Your Scarlett interface provides a wide range of audio inputs, however the number available depends on what operating sample rate it is set to (see page 30 for further details). Doubling the sample rate halves the number of ADAT channels available. The tables below provide details of what inputs are available to you when operating at different sample rates. 44.
88.
Using Output Presets Focusrite Control comes with some useful Output Presets, which have been designed to get you started on a recording task as quickly as possible. Selecting an Output Preset automatically configures output routing and the mixer for you, setting up various useful combinations of input channels. Output Presets are selected from the File menu; select Output Presets from the drop-down list.
Direct routing connections for the Scarlett range are as follows: 44.
88.
176.
2 Channel Analogue This is the Output Preset to use when using the Scarlett as your analogue recording “front end”. The Preset configures the Scarlett’s routing with Analogue Inputs 1 and 2 available as HARDWARE INPUTS and DAW tracks 1 and 2 available as a stereo channel in the SOFTWARE (DAW) PLAYBACK section. For example, on the Scarlett 18i20, the summed output of these input channels is routed to Monitor Outputs 1 and 2, and also to Line Outputs 7 and 8, and 9 and 10, as a stereo pair in all cases.
8 Channel Analogue Use this Output Preset as a starting point when recording a band. On the Scarlett 18i20, this Preset enables eight mixer channels, one for each of the hardware analogue inputs. DAW tracks 1 & 2 are also enabled as a stereo channel. As with the 2 Channel Analogue Preset, the summed output of the mixer is routed to Monitor Out 1 and 2, and Line Outs 7 to 10 as a stereo pair.
Digital This Output Preset is a useful starting point when using a separate ADAT-equipped microphone preamplifier such as the Scarlett OctoPre. When used with the Scarlett 18i20 it enables ten digital input channels, eight sourced from the ADAT input port and two from the S/PDIF input. DAW tracks 1 and 2 are also enabled as a stereo channel. The sum of the inputs is routed to the same pairs of outputs as with the analogue Presets described previously.
Examples of Use Recording and Tracking Recording a band or just recording yourself is basically the same process as far as Focusrite Control is concerned – the only difference is the number of mixer channels you’ll have on screen. Connect the instruments to be recorded to the Scarlett interface, either directly using the INST or LINE inputs, or - for acoustic instruments and vocals - with microphones connected to the MIC inputs.
Stand-alone mixer (8i6, 18i8 and 18i20 interfaces only) Once the Scarlett’s internal mixer has been configured by Focusrite Control, that configuration is retained by the hardware even after you remove the USB cable and switch the unit off. This means that you can make use of the Scarlett’s excellent analogue performance in a live situation, without necessarily needing to connect a computer. An example of this application would be as an on-stage keyboard mixer.
Using the Loopback feature Focusrite Control’s Loopback feature lets you record other audio sources from within your computer (e.g., the audio output from a web browser). Loopback uses the Scarlett’s “virtual” inputs, which have no physical connectors on the hardware interface itself, but may be selected in the DAW as signal sources for recording in the same way as any other.
Snapshots The mixer in your Scarlett interface retains the last Focusrite Control settings at all times. However, you may wish to save your session settings so that you can get back to them at a later time, perhaps when working on a similar project or with a different, compatible hardware device. Focusrite Control includes a Snapshot facility for this purpose, which does just that – it effectively takes a “snapshot” of the entire mixer and lets you save it on your computer for later recall.
The session file is saved with a *.ff file extension. To recall the session, click File > Load Snapshot, which opens a standard File Open box; navigate to the where you saved the file and open in the usual way.
INPUT SETTINGS Scarlett interfaces have a variety of hardware functions that are operated from Focusrite Control, rather than by physical controls on the unit itself. Clicking on Input Settings gives you access to these functions. The page for the Scarlett 18i20 looks this: If you have a different Scarlett model, most of the functionality will be the same, but fewer switches may be visible because your interface includes channels that require software to switch between settings, e.g.
All the channels on your interface are able to accept dynamic or condenser microphones. The Combo-type connectors sense either an XLR plug or a jack plug, and reconfigure the pre-amplifier for mic or line operation automatically. The channels which additionally have the INST function use the same connector. If you are connecting a microphone with an XLR plug, the INST/LINE switch will have no effect.
DEVICE SETTINGS Click on the cog icon to open the Device Settings pane, which slides out from the left of the screen; click the icon again to close it. The Device Settings pane lets you make various global settings to the hardware interface which will remain in force until you change them. The pane for the Scarlett 18i20 is shown below: Monitor Controls It is very convenient (and traditional!) to adjust your master monitoring volume with a conventional rotary control.
The options are: • 1-2 – Monitor Outputs 1 & 2 (default setting) • 1-4 – Monitor Outputs 1 & 2 and Line Outputs 3 & 4 • 1-6 - Monitor Outputs 1 to 4 and Line Outputs 5 & 6 – Scarlett 18i20 only • 1-8 - Monitor Outputs 1 to 4 and Line Outputs 5 to 8 – Scarlett 18i20 only • All – Monitor Outputs 1 to 4 and Line Outputs 5 to 10 – Scarlett 18i20 only • None – The rotary control is disabled; output levels may still be controlled from the software faders.
Clock Source Interconnected digital audio equipment must always use the same reference clock source. Your Scarlett interface is able to synchronise from three sources: • Internal – the internally generated reference clock. This is the default selection. • S/PDIF – the embedded clock signal in a signal at the S/PDIF IN connector. (Note that S/PDIF may be applied to either the RCA connector or an optical port on the Scarlett 18i8 or 18i20.
18i8 only – S/PDIF Source: this model accepts a S/PDIF signal at either the RCA connector or the optical ADAT input port. Note that when the optical port is used for an S/PDIF input, it cannot be used for ADAT inputs. Also note that the optical ports are disabled at sample rates of 176.4 and 192 kHz. 18i20 only – Digital I/O Mode: this model supports three different Digital I/O Modes, which determine how the interface’s S/PDIF input and output, and the four optical ports, function.