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Table Of Contents

M2135-1/M2030-1 MOTE DATASHEET DUST NETWORKS™

CONFIDENTIAL

Product Description

The SmartMesh-XT™ M2135-1 and M2030-1 combine an industry-standard 802.15.4 radio with Time Synchronized Mesh

Protocol (TSMP) to enable low-power wireless sensors and actuators with highly reliable wireless mesh networking. The

M2135-1 and M2030-1 are tailored for use in battery- and line-powered wireless devices for applications that demand proven

performance, scalability, and reliability.

The M2135-1 and M2030-1 use the IEEE standard 802.15.4 radio, which operates in the global license-free 2.4 GHz band.

The M2030-1 offers a range of up to 200 meters outdoors, while keeping power consumption as low as 50 µA. Ideal

for longer

range applications, the M2135-1 has a highly efficient power amplifier which allows communications to reach more than

400

meters outdoors, while advanced power management techniques keep power consumption down to as low as 55 µA in a

typical network deployment. The combination of extremely high reliability and low power consumption enables applications

that require very low installation cost and low-maintenance, long-term deployments.

The standard serial interface of the M2135-1 and M2030-1 gives it flexibility to be used in a wide variety of different

applications, from industrial process control to security, to lighting. When integrated into a product, the M2135-1 or M2030-1

acts like a network interface card (NIC)—it takes a data packet and makes sure that it successfully traverses the network. By

isolating the wireless mesh networking protocols from the user, the M2135-1 and M2030-1 simplify the development process

and reduce development risk.

Key Features

Reliable Networking

• Uses Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol (TSMP) for high

reliability (>99.9% typical network reliability)

• Channel hopping over DSSS for interference rejection

• Mesh networking for built-in redundancy

• Every M2135-1/M2030-1 acts as both an endpoint and a

router, increasing network reliability: “mesh-to-the-edge”

• Automatic self-organizing mesh is built in

Predictable Integration

• Standard HDLC serial interface with bidirectional flow

control

• Industrial temperature range –40 to +85 °C

• Supports socket or solder assembly

• Rugged design for class I div I environments

• FCC and IC modular certification (pending)

• Certifiable for use in most countries worldwide

(North America, Europe, and most Asian countries)

Low Power Consumption

• Ultra low-power components for long battery life

• Network-wide coordination for efficient power usage

•

Down to 55

A typical power consumption (M2135-1)

Down to

A typical power consumption (M2030-1)

802.15.4 Standard Radio

• Global 2.4 GHz license-free band: suitable for use in North

America, Europe, and most of Asia

• 31.6 mW (+15 dBm) EIRP RF output power (M2135-1)

0.6 mW (–2 dBM) EIRP RF output power (M2130-1)

• –90 dBm receiver sensitivity

• Outdoor range > 400 m typical (M2135-1)

Outdoor range 200 m typical (M2030-1)

• Direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) for additional

interference rejection

M2135-1, M2030-

2.4 GHz Wireless Serial Motes

PRELMINARY

Summary of content (27 pages)

PAGE 1
PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL M2135-1, M2030-1 2.4 GHz Wireless Serial Motes Product Description The SmartMesh-XT™ M2135-1 and M2030-1 combine an industry-standard 802.15.4 radio with Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol (TSMP) to enable low-power wireless sensors and actuators with highly reliable wireless mesh networking. The M2135-1 and M2030-1 are tailored for use in battery- and line-powered wireless devices for applications that demand proven performance, scalability, and reliability.
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PRELMINARY Contents 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings .................................................................................... 3 Normal Operating Conditions ................................................................................. 3 Electrical Specifications.......................................................................................... 4 3.1 Application Circuit ...........................................................................
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL 1.0 Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute Maximum Ratings The absolute maximum ratings shown below should under no circumstances be violated. Permanent damage to the device may be caused by exceeding one or more of these parameters. Table 1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Min Typ Max Units Supply voltage (Vcc to GND) -0.3 3.6 V Voltage on digital I/O pin –0.3 VCC +0.3 V Comments up to 3.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Electrical Specifications Unless otherwise noted, Table 3 assumes Vcc is 3.0 V and temperature is 25 °C. Table 3 M2135-1 Current Consumption Parameter Min Typ Max Units Transmit 50 mA Receive 22 mA Sleep 10 µA Comments Unless otherwise noted, Table 4 assumes Vcc is 3.0 V and temperature is 25 °C. Table 4 M2030-1 Current Consumption Parameter Min Typ Max Units Transmit 20 mA Receive 22 mA Sleep 10 µA 3.0 Comments Electrical Specifications .
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL 3.1 Radio Application Circuit The following schematic shows how the M2135-1/M2030-1 mote is used in a circuit. Figure 1 M2135-1/M2030-1 Mote in Application Circuit 4.0 Radio 4.1 Detailed Radio Specifications Table 7 Radio Specifications Parameter Operating frequency Min Typ 2.4000 Max Units 2.4835 GHz Number of channels 15 Channel separation 5 MHz 2.7 MHz Occupied channel bandwidth Modulation Comments At –20 dBc IEEE 802.15.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Radio Table 7 Radio Specifications Parameter Min Typ Max Units Comments Range* M2135-1: Indoor 100 m Outdoor 400 m Indoor 25 m Outdoor 200 m 25 °C, 50% RH, 1 meter above ground, +2 dBi omni-directional antenna M2030-1: * Actual RF range performance is subject to a number of installation-specific variables including, but not restricted to ambient temperature, relative humidity, presence of active interference sources, line-of-sight obstacles, near-presence of obj
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL 5.0 Pinout Pinout The M2135-1 and M2030-1 have two 11-pin Samtec MTMM-111-04-S-S-175-3 (or equivalent) connectors on the bottom side for handling all of the I/O. The third pin in each of the connectors is not populated, and serves as a key for alignment. The connectors are mounted on opposite edges of the long axis of the mote. The M2135-1 and M2030-1 provide a bidirectional flow-controlled serial interface (serial protocol is specified in 7.3.1).
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Mote Boot Up 6.0 Mote Boot Up 6.1 Power-on Sequence The external supply and other power-on devices must provide the mote with a specific sequence of power and reset as follows: Figure 3 Power-on Sequence Table 10 Power-on Sequence Parameter Min Typ Max Units 500 µs TVccR TVcc2RST 6.2 10 Comments ms Inrush Current During power on, the mote can be modeled as a lumped impedance of 1 Ohm and 2.5 µF, as shown in Figure 4.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL 6.3 Interfaces Serial Interface Boot Up Upon mote power up, the MT_CTS line is high (inactive). The mote serial interface boots within boot_delay (see Table 14) of the mote powering up, at which time the mote will transmit an HDLC Mote Information packet, as described below in section 7.3.3.7. Note that full handshake (see 7.3.1.3) is in effect and is required to receive this packet. 7.0 Interfaces 7.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces 7.3 Serial Interface The M2135-1/M2030-1 offers a well-defined serial interface that is optimized for low-powered embedded applications. This serial interface offers a serial port comprised of the data pins (TX, RX) as well as the handshake pins (MT_RTS, MT_CTS, SP_CTS) used for bidirectional flow control.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces Table 13 Pin Usage Pin Usage RX, TX Used for serial data flow into and out of the mote. MT_RTS This signal goes active low when the mote is ready to send a serial packet. The signal stays low until the SP_CTS signal from the microcontroller goes active low (indicating readiness to receive a packet) or the ack_delay timeout (see Table 14) expires. SP_CTS SP_CTS should transition from high to active low in response to the MT_RTS signal from the mote.
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PRELMINARY Interfaces CONFIDENTIAL Timeouts T1, T2, and T3 are defined as follows (refer to Table 14 for values): • T1:interbyte_timeout—Maximum time between the transmit module sending a byte and the receiving module acknowledging the byte using CTS (requests the next byte) • T2: interpacket_delay—For communications into the mote, the minimum time after the mote receives the last byte of a packet before it can start receiving the next packet.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL 7.3.1.3.4 Interfaces Timing Values Table 14 Timing Values Variable Meaning Min Max Unit interbyte_delay The time between consecutive data bytes cannot exceed this time. 0 7 ms interpacket_delay The sender of an HDLC packet must wait at least this amount of time before sending another packet. N/A 20 ms ack_delay The max time delay between the MT_RTS and the receivers acknowledge, SP_CTS.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces Table 16 provides a summary of mote commands, which are described in detail in the following sections. For error handling, all other packet types should be ignored.
PAGE 15
PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL 7.3.3.3 Interfaces Command 0x82 Acknowledged Serial Payload Received from Mote Serial Acknowledged serial data packets going out of the mote use command type 0x82. The network uses this command to send data out through the mote serial interface. Upon receiving this packet from the network, the mote forwards it to the microcontroller and sends an acknowledgement back to Manager. The format of the serial packet payload is transparent to the mote.
PAGE 16
PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces . Table 22 Command 0x88 Set Parameter Response Msg Byte 1 Description Data Type UChar 0x88 2 UChar Parameter Type 3 UChar Error code 3+1 UChar Data Length (0x00) 7.3.3.6 Cmd Type Value Commands 0x89 and 0x8A Get Parameter Request/Response The Get Parameter command allows a number of configuration parameters in the mote to be read by serial.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces Table 25 Command 0x8C – Mote Information Msg Byte Description Data Type Value 22-29 Datasheet ID Array of 8 UChar Datasheet ID 30-31 Mote ID UShort Mote ID 32 Reserved 33 Mote diagnostics status (see Table 36) 7.3.3.8 UChar Mote diagnostics status Command 0x8D Reset Mote Upon receiving this command, the mote notifies its neighbors about an upcoming reset, then proceeds to reset itself.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces 7.3.4.1 Error Codes Table 30 Error Codes Number 7.3.4.2 Error Description 0 DIAG_NO_ERR No Command-Specific Errors 1 DIAG_EXE_ERR Mote unable to execute command 2 DIAG_PARAM_ERR Illegal parameter in the request Parameter Type 0x01 Network ID The network ID is the identification number used to distinguish different wireless networks. In order to join a specific network, the mote must have the same network ID as the network Manager.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces Table 35 Mote States State # Description Details 1 ACTIVE The mote has joined the network and is waiting to be configured. 2 JOINING The mote has sent JOIN request, waiting for ACTIVATE. 3 ACT SEARCH The mote is actively searching for neighbors. 4–5 PASS SEARCH The mote is passively searching for neighbors. 6 SYNCHRONIZED The mote is synchronized to a network, listening in active search. 7–8 RESETTING The mote is going through the reset process.
PAGE 20
PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces The following packet is sent in response to a request to retrieve the frame length. Table 38 Parameter Type 0x03 Frame Length Get Response Msg Byte Description Data Type Value 1 Cmd Type UChar 0x8A 2 Parameter Type UChar 0x03 3 UChar Error code 4 UChar Data Length (0x05) 5 UChar Frame ID ULong Frame Length 6-9 7.3.4.5 Frame Length (ms) Parameter Type 0x04 Join Key The join key is needed to allow a mote on the network.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces Table 42 Parameter Type 0x05 Time/State Get Response Msg Byte Description Data Type Value 5-8 ULong Cycle 9-12 ULong Offset (µsec) 13-14 Frame Length (slots) UShort Frame Length 15-18 UTC Time sec ULong UTC Time sec 19-22 UTC Time µsec ULong UTC Time µsec 23-26 Mote uptime msec ULong Mote uptime msec UChar Mote state UChar Mote diagnostics status 27 28 7.3.4.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Interfaces 7.3.5 HDLC Packet Processing Examples Example 1: Constructing an HDLC packet to send to the mote This example demonstrates how you would construct an HDLC packet to set the network ID value to 125. (All values are in hexadecimal.) Step 1 Define HDLC packet payload: Command type => 87 Parameter => 01 Network ID => 7D HDLC Packet Payload Step 2 Message Content 87 01 00 7D Calculate FCS: a. b.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Step 2 Interfaces Remove byte stuffing. To remove byte stuffing, check for instances of “7D 5D” or “7D 5E” and replace as follows: 7D 5D => 7D 7D 5E => 7E HDLC Packet Payload FCS 8A 07 00 1F 00 00 5B 00 01 01 06 00 3C 00 00 00 00 00 00 7E C3 02 00 08 30 30 30 5F 45 56 30 31 00 13 00 Step 3 43 47 Confirm FCS. Calculate the checksum for the HDLC payload.
PAGE 24
PRELMINARY Packaging Description CONFIDENTIAL 8.0 Packaging Description 8.
PAGE 25
PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Figure 13 8.2 Regulatory and Standards Compliance M2135-1/M2030-1 Mote Footprint—Mechanical drawing Soldering Information The M2135-1/M2030-1 can be hand soldered with a soldering iron at 270 °C. The soldering iron should be in contact with the pin for 20 seconds or less. 9.0 Regulatory and Standards Compliance 9.1 FCC Compliance 9.1.1 FCC Testing The M2135-1/M2030-1 mote complies with Part 15.247 modular (Intention Radiator) of the FCC rules and regulations.
PAGE 26
PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Ordering Information 9.1.2 FCC-approved Antennae The following antenna specifications shall be FCC approved for use with the M2135-1/M2030-1 mote. Table 3 FCC-approved Antenna Specifications for the M2135-1/M2030-1 Gain Pattern Type Frequency Connector TBD Omni-directional TBD 2.4–2.4835 GHz MMCX 9.1.3 OEM Labeling Requirements The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that FCC labeling requirements are met.
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PRELMINARY CONFIDENTIAL Ordering Information Trademarks Dust Networks™, the Dust Networks logo, SmartMesh-XR™, and SmartMesh-XT™ are trademarks of Dust Networks, Inc. Dust® and SmartMesh® are registered trademarks of Dust Networks, Inc. All third-party brand and product names are the trademarks of their respective owners and are used solely for informational purposes. Copyright This documentation is protected by United States and international copyright and other intellectual and industrial property laws.