User's Manual

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Table Of Contents

User Manual

Radio Modules

deRFmega128-22M00

deRFmega128-22M10

deRFmega128-22M12

Document Version V1.1c

2013-07-01

Summary of content (52 pages)

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User Manual Radio Modules deRFmega128-22M00 deRFmega128-22M10 deRFmega128-22M12 Document Version V1.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega Table of contents 1. Overview ......................................................................................................................... 6 2. Applications ..................................................................................................................... 6 3. Features .......................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 12. Pre-flashed firmware ..................................................................................................... 46 13. Adapter boards .............................................................................................................. 46 14. Radio certification .......................................................................................................... 47 14.1. United States (FCC) ........................
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega Document history Date Version Description 2012-10-15 1.0 Initial version 2012-11-30 1.1 Update technical data  TX_PWR register settings  Sensitivity Update signal description 2013-02-25 1.1a RFOUT pin description on deRFmega128-22M12 more precisely specified Update FCC section 2013-07-01 1.1c Update Duty Cycle www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega Abbreviations Abbreviation Description IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 1. Overview The tiny radio module series by dresden elektronik combines Atmel’s 8-bit AVR single chip ATmega128RFA1 with a small footprint. Three different module types are available providing different features for the custom application. The deRFmega22M00 has an onboard chip antenna to establish a ready-to-use device. No additional and expensive RF designs are necessary. This module is full compliant to all EU and US regulatory requirements.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 3. Features 3.1. deRFmega128-22M00 The radio module deRFmega128-22M00 offers the following features:       Tiny size: 23.6 x 13.2 x 3.0 mm 51 LGA pads 0.6 x 0.6 mm Supply voltage 1.8 V to 3.6 V RF shielding Onboard 32.768 kHz crystal (Deep-Sleep clock) and 16 MHz crystal      Application interfaces: 2x UART, 1x TWI, 1x ADC GPIO interface Debug/Programming interfaces: 1x SPI, 1x JTAG, 1x ISP Onboard 2.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 3.2. OEM radio modules deRFmega deRFmega128-22M10 The radio module deRFmega128-22M10 offers the following features:       Tiny size: 19.0 x 13.2 x 3.0 mm 55 LGA pads 0.6 x 0.6 mm Supply voltage 1.8 V to 3.6 V RF shielding Onboard 32.768 kHz crystal (Deep-Sleep clock) and 16 MHz crystal      Application interfaces: 2x UART, 1x TWI, 1x ADC GPIO interface Debug/Programming interfaces: 1x SPI, 1x JTAG, 1x ISP Solderable 2.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 3.3. OEM radio modules deRFmega deRFmega128-22M12 The radio module deRFmega128-22M12 offers the following features:        Tiny size: 21.5 x 13.2 x 3.0 mm 59 LGA pads 0.6 x 0.6 mm Supply voltage 2.0 V to 3.6 V Antenna diversity support RF shielding Onboard 32.768 kHz crystal (Deep-Sleep clock) and 16 MHz crystal       Application interfaces: 2x UART, 1x TWI GPIO interface Debug/Programming interfaces: 1x SPI, 1x JTAG, 1x ISP 2.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 4. Technical data Table 4-1: Mechanical data Mechanical Radio modules Size (L x W x H) 23.6 x 13.2 x 3.0 mm (for 22M00) 19.0 x 13.2 x 3.0 mm (for 22M10) 21.5 x 13.2 x 3.0 mm (for 22M12) Pads Type LGA Pitch 1.60 mm Pad size 0.6 x 0.6 mm Table 4-2: Temperature range Temperature range Parameter Operating temperature range Twork Humidity Storage temperature range Tstorage Min Typ Max Unit -40 +85 °C 25 80 % r.H.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 Current consumption OEM radio modules deRFmega ITXon (TX_PWR = +20 dBm) 119.4 197.7 205.2 mA ITXon (TX_PWR = +4 dBm) 27.0 46.1 46.7 mA IRXon 19.8 22.5 22.8 mA IIdle (Txoff, MCK = 8 MHz) 5.2 5.4 5.6 mA ISleep (depends on Sleep Mode) <1 µA Table 4-4: Quartz crystal properties Quartz crystal Parameter Watch crystal Min Typ Frequency Frequency tolerance Transceiver crystal Frequency Frequency tolerance Max Unit 32.768 kHz +/-20 ppm 16.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega Data rate (gross) TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x00 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x01 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x02 TRX_CTRL_2 = 0x03 EVM conducted 250 500 1000 2000 kBit/s kBit/s kBit/s kBit/s 6.5 7.5 10.5 % Min Typ Max Unit Table 4-6: Radio data of deRFmega128-22M12 Radio (Supply voltage VCC = 3.3V) Parameter / feature RF pad Impedance Ω 50 Diversity Yes Range TBD Frequency range 2405 Channels m 2480 MHz 22.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 4.1. OEM radio modules deRFmega TX Power register settings for deRFmega128-22M00 and 22M10 The diagrams in Figure 4 and Figure 5 are showing the current consumption and conducted output power during transmission depending on the TX_PWR register setting. The values are valid for deRFmega128-22M00 and 22M10. Figure 4: TX Idd vs. TX_PWR for deRFmega128-22M00 / 22M10 Figure 5: TX Pout vs. TX_PWR for deRFmega128-22M00 / 22M10 www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 4.2. OEM radio modules deRFmega TX Power register settings for deRFmega128-22M12 The diagrams in Figure 6 and Figure 7 showing the current consumption and conducted output power during transmission depending on the TX_PWR register setting. The values are valid for deRFmega128-22M12. Figure 6: TX Idd vs. TX_PWR for deRFmega128-22M12 Figure 7: TX Pout vs. TX_PWR for deRFmega128-22M12 www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 4.3. OEM radio modules deRFmega Output power and duty cycle settings for deRFmega128-22M00 The radio module deRFmega128-22M00 must observe the duty cycle settings to be compliant with all FCC regulatory requirements. The requirements are a duty cycle which is ≤15% for channel 26 operation and ≤36% for the remaining channels. The duty cycle is related to a period of 100ms, where the given value defines the TX-ON time.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 4.4. OEM radio modules deRFmega Output power and duty cycle settings for deRFmega128-22M12 The radio module deRFmega128-22M12 is able to provide an output power greater than 20dBm. Table 4-8 defines the necessary power settings of the TX_PWR register [1], which must be set to fulfill all national requirements of Europe (EN 300 328) and USA (CFR 47 Ch. I FCC Part 15). The duty cycle defines the relationship between the radio-on time and the period of 100ms.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 5. Mechanical size The following section show the mechanical dimensions of the different radio modules. All distances are given in millimeters. 5.1. deRFmega128-22M00 The module has a size of 23.6 x 13.2 mm and a height of 3.0 mm. The LGA pads are arranged in a double row design. Figure 8 shows the details from top view. Figure 8: Module dimension and signal pads geometry deRFmega128-22M00 (top view) www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 5.2. OEM radio modules deRFmega deRFmega128-22M10 The module has a size of 19.0 x 13.2 mm and a height of 3.0 mm. The LGA pads are arranged in a double row design. The RF pads consist of three ground pads and one signal pad. Figure 9 and Figure 10 shows the details from top view. Figure 9: Module dimension and signal pad geometry deRFmega128-22M10 (top view) Figure 10: RF pad geometry deRFmega128-22M10 (top view) www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 5.3. OEM radio modules deRFmega deRFmega128-22M12 The module has a size of 21.5 x 13.2 mm and a height of 3.0 mm. The LGA pads are designed in a zigzag structure. The RF pads consist of six ground pads and two signal pads. Figure 11 and Figure 12 show the details from top view. Figure 11: Module dimension and signal pad geometry deRFmega128-22M12 (top view) Figure 12: RF pad geometry deRFmega128-22M12 (top view) www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 6. Soldering profile Table 6-1 shows the recommended soldering profile for the radio modules.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 7. Pin assignment The LGA pads provide all signals to the customer: power supply, peripheral, programming, debugging, tracing, analog measurement, external front-end control, antenna diversity control and free programmable ports. All provided signals except VCC, DGND, RSTN, RSTON, AREF, AVDD and CLKI are free programmable port pins (GPIO). 7.1. Signals of deRFmega128-22M00 The radio module deRFmega128-22M00 has 51 LGA pads.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega Table 7-1: I/O port pin to LGA pad mapping for deRFmega128-22M10 I/O port pin mapping LGA MCU Primary Pad Pin function Alternate functions Comments GND 2 - VCC 1.8 V to 3.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 7.2. OEM radio modules deRFmega Signals of deRFmega128-22M10 The radio module deRFmega128-22M10 has 55 LGA pads. The ‘1’ marking is shown in Figure 18. Consider that the pin numbering in Figure 19 is shown from top view. All LGA pads are listed in Table 7-2. RFOUT pad 1 Figure 17: deRFmega128-22M10 (top view) Figure 18: deRFmega128-22M10 (bottom view) Figure 19: Pad numbering and signal names of deRFmega128-22M10 (top view) www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega Table 7-2: I/O port pin to LGA pad mapping for deRFmega128-22M10 I/O port pin mapping LGA MCU Primary Pad Pin function Alternate functions Comments 1 - GND 2 - VCC 1.8 V to 3.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 7.2.1. External front-end and antenna diversity control The radio module deRFmega128-22M10 offers the possibility to control external front-end components and to support antenna diversity. Table 7-3 and Table 7-4 show the logic values of the control signals. A logic ‘0’ is specified with a voltage level of 0 V to 0.3 V. A logic ‘1’ is specified with a value of VCC - 0.3 V to 3.6 V. An application circuit is shown in Section 10.5.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 7.3. OEM radio modules deRFmega Signals of deRFmega128-22M12 The radio module deRFmega128-22M10 has 59 LGA pads. The ‘1’ marking is shown in Figure 21. Consider that the pin numbering in Figure 22 is shown from top view. All LGA pads are listed in Table 7-5. RFOUT2 RFOUT1 0 pad 1 Figure 20: deRFmega128-22M12 (top view) Figure 21: deRFmega128-22M12 (bottom view) Figure 22: Pad numbering and signal names of deRFmega128-22M12 (top view) www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega Table 7-5: I/O port pin to LGA pad mapping for deRFmega128-22M12 I/O port pin mapping LGA MCU Primary Pad Pin function Alternate functions Comments 1 - GND 2 - VCC 2.0 V to 3.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 7.3.1. Internal front-end control The front-end of deRFmega128-22M12 has an internal PA for transmit and a LNA for receive mode. An additionally antenna diversity feature is usable to select the antenna with the best link budget. The front-end control includes three MCU port pins (Figure 23). They are used to choose the TX/RX antenna, de-/activate transmit and receive mode and de-/activate the sleep mode.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 7.4. OEM radio modules deRFmega Signal description The available signals are described in Table 7-8. Please refer to ATmega128RFA1 datasheet [1] for more information of all dedicated signals.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 8. PCB design The PCB design of a radio module base board is important for a proper performance of peripherals and the radio. The next subsections give design hints to create a custom base board. 8.1. Technology The described design has the main goal to use standard PCB technology to reduce the costs and cover a wider application range. Design parameters      8.2.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega Figure 25: RF pad footprint design (top view) 8.2.1. Footprint of deRFmega128-22M00 Figure 26 shows an exemplary base board footprint for deRFmega128-22M00. Only the top layer (red) is visible. The mid and bottom layers are hidden. The rectangular signal pad copper area (red, not visible) and the paste dimension (grey) have the same size of 0.6 x 0.6 mm. The solder stop clearance (purple) has a value of 0.1 mm.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 8.2.2. Footprint of deRFmega128-22M10 The exemplary base board footprint for deRFmega128-22M10 is shown in Figure 27. The top layer (red) is visible, the mid and bottom layers are hidden. The rectangular signal pad copper area (red, not visible) and the paste dimension (grey) have the same size of 0.6 x 0.6 mm. The solder stop clearance (purple) has a value of 0.1 mm.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 8.2.3. Footprint of deRFmega128-22M12 Figure 28 shows an exemplary base board footprint for deRFmega128-22M12. Only the top layer (red) is visible. The mid and bottom layers are hidden. The pad copper area (red, not visible) and the paste dimension (grey) have the same size of 0.6 x 0.6 mm. The solder stop clearance (purple) has a value of 0.1 mm.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 8.4. OEM radio modules deRFmega Layers The use of 2 or 4 layer boards have advantages and disadvantages for the design of a custom base board.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 8.5. OEM radio modules deRFmega Traces Common signal traces should be designed with these guidelines:  Traces on top layer are not allowed under the module (see Figure 29)  Traces on mid layers and bottom layers are allowed (see Figure 29)  Route traces straight away from module (see Figure 26)  Do not use heat traps of components directly on the RF trace  Do not use 90 degree corners. Better is 45 degree or rounded corners.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 8.6. OEM radio modules deRFmega Placement on the PCB The PCB design of the radio module base board and placement affects the radio characteristic. The radio module with chip antenna should be placed at the edge or side of a base board. The chip antenna should be directed to PCB side. Figure 31: Placing at the edge Figure 32: Placing at the center edge Do not place the chip antenna radio module within the base board. This will effect a very poor radio performance.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 9. Clock The radio module contains an onboard 32.768 kHz 20 ppm quartz crystal for the MCU and a 16.000 MHz 10 ppm quartz crystal for the internal transceiver. For optimum RF timing characteristics it is necessary to use a low tolerance crystal. The watch crystal clocks a timer, not the processor. The timer is intended to wake-up the processor periodically. www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 10. Application circuits 10.1. UART Two U(S)ART interfaces are available on the radio modules. For communication to a host with a different supply voltage domain it is necessary to use a level-shifter. We recommend the USB level shifter by dresden elektronik. The level-shifter can be connected to the custom base board via 100 mil 2 x 3 pin header. The pin assignment should be designed as below in Figure 36.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 10.4. TWI The connection of external peripherals or sensors via Two-Wire-Interface is possible by using the TWI clock signal PD0/SCL and TWI data signal PD1/SCA. The necessary pull-up resistors must be placed externally on the base board. We recommend the use of 4.7 kΩ resistors as shown in Figure 39. Figure 39: Two-Wire-Interface www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 10.5. External front-end and antenna diversity The radio module deRFmega128-22M10 can be connected with an external front-end including power amplifier (PA) for transmission and low noise block (LNA) for receiving. Figure 40 shows a possible design as block diagram. A custom design can contain a single PA or single LNA or a complete integrated front-end chip. It depends mainly on the application.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega LNA The LNA could be used to amplify the received signal. Please regard the manufacturer’s datasheet for a proper design. The control could be done by DIG4 signal. Refer to Section 7.2.1 for more information. RF switch for antenna diversity The switch must have 50 Ω inputs and outputs for the RF signal.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 11. Programming The programming procedures are described in the user manual [3], which is online available on dresden elektronik webpage. It describes the update process of the radio module, the required software and hardware for programming via JTAG and the driver installation on different operating systems. 12. Pre-flashed firmware Actually, the radio modules will be delivered without pre-flashed firmware. 13.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 14. Radio certification 14.1. United States (FCC) The deRFmega128-22M00, deRFmega128-22M10 and deRFmega128-22M12 comply with the requirements of FCC part 15. The certification process for deRFmega128-22M10 and deRFmega128-22M12 is pending.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense (FCC section 15.105). 14.2. European Union (ETSI) The deRFmega128-22M00, deRFmega128-22M10 and deRFmega128-22M12 are conform for use in European Union countries.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 15. Ordering information The product name includes the following information: deRF xxxx - x x x xx Features Form Factor Flash Memory Frequency Range Product / Chipset Table 15-1: Product name code Product name code Information Code Explanation Comments Product / Chipset mega128 ATmega128RFA1 MCU Frequency Range 2 2.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 16. Packaging dimension The radio modules will be delivered in Tape & Reel packing. Further information will be described in this section soon. 17. Revision notes Actually, no design issues of the radio modules are known. All errata of the AVR MCU ATmega128RFA1 are described in the datasheet [1]. www.dresden-elektronik.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega 18. References [1] ATmega128RFA1: 8-bit AVR Microcontroller with Low Power 2.4 GHz Transceiver for ZigBee and IEEE802.15.4; Datasheet, URL: http://www.atmel.com [2] AppCAD Version 3.0.2, RF & Microwave design software, Agilent Technologies; URL: http://www.hp.woodshot.com [3] User Manual deRFusb Firmware Update, URL: http://www.dresden-elektronik.de/ funktechnik/uploads/media/deRFusb_Firmware_Update-BHB-en.
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User Manual Version 1.1c 2013-07-01 OEM radio modules deRFmega dresden elektronik ingenieurtechnik gmbh Enno-Heidebroek-Straße 12 01237 Dresden GERMANY Phone +49 351 - 31850 0 Fax +49 351 - 31850 10 Email wireless@dresden-elektronik.de Trademarks and acknowledgements  IEEE 802.15.4™ is a trademark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).  ZigBee is a registered trademark of the ZigBee Alliance.