USER MANUAL Ctek Z Series SkyRouter Cellular Application Platform Models Z4200 and Z4400 (Release 4.2 and newer) Ctek – Things That Move Data .
March 2014 Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS I TABLE OF FIGURES II PREFACE 1 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Theory of Operation 1 1.2 Features 1 2 CONNECTORS, LIGHTS, SWITCHES, AND JUMPERS 3 2.1 Switches 3 2.2 Lights 3 2.3 Connectors (see Figures 2 and 3 below) 4 3 START UP 5 3.1 Power 6 3.2 Factory Defaults 6 3.3 Connecting the Antenna 6 3.4 Connecting to the Ethernet Port – Administrative Connection 6 4 4.
2 March 2014 4.3.2 Ethernet Status 33 4.4 Services 4.4.1 User Accounts 4.4.2 Routing and Forwarding Services 4.4.3 GRE Tunneling Services 4.4.4 IPsec Services 4.4.5 Admin Screen Services 4.4.6 Wireless Activation Services (Z4200 CDMA Only) 4.4.7 DDNS Services 34 34 35 37 39 41 42 46 4.5 Options 4.5.1 Applications 4.5.2 Tools 4.5.3 Flash Update Client 4.5.4 Backup/Restore 4.5.5 SIM Editor (Z4400 HSPA Only) 4.5.
2 March 2014 FIGURE 23 - WIRELESS STATUS Z4400 ............................................................................................................................................ 32 FIGURE 24 - ETHERNET STATUS ...................................................................................................................................................... 33 FIGURE 25 USER ACCOUNTS - ADD.............................................................................................................
2 March 2014 Preface Welcome to the Ctek Z Series SkyRouter User’s Guide. This manual covers the Z4200 EVDO and the Z4400 UMTS/HSPA SkyRouter running release firmware release 4.2 or newer. The User’s Guide will explain the basic operation of the application platform and router, and take you through the necessary settings to get your wireless application online. Additional information and applicable technical notices can be found at www.ctekproducts.com.
2 March 2014 e. f. g. h. i. Visual DDNS (introduced in 4.2) Advanced cloud based network management (introduced in 4.2) Administration web server port address selection Enhanced network activation (Z4200) Home Network Selection 3) RS232 (DB9 serial port) a. Configurable Bit Rate b. Configurable for Start/Stop Bits, Flow Control, and Parity c. Local and remote Telnet Access d. TCP/UDP Packet Assembly and Disassembly (PAD) function. e. PPP Interface 4) RS485 Auxiliary Serial Port a.
2 March 2014 2 Connectors, Lights, Switches, and Jumpers 2.1 Switches Referring to Figure 1, there are two switches on the front of the Z Series router. S1 (Reset) causes a hard reset of unit. S2 (DFLT) is used to restore the firmware settings that were included when the product was shipped from the factory. To restore factory defaults, the unit must be running. You should wait a full two (2) minutes after booting or powering on the unit before restoring factory defaults.
2 March 2014 Link - Multi-color (red/green). Indicates: a) Status of IP connection b) Type of transport (EV-DO or 1xRTT) 2.3 Display Definition Off Green Red No Connection (IP address) Connection established on 1xRTT or GPRS Connection established on EV-DO or HSPA Connectors (see Figures 2 and 3 below) RS232 Connector – This connector is a standard RS232 DCE interface. A straight-through RS232 cable should be used. The RS232 connector pin out diagram is shown below.
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2 March 2014 3.1 Power Before starting connect the supplied 12VDC power adapter or an external 9 - 24VDC power source to the power connector as described in Section 2. The adapter supplied with your router is suitable for use with 120VAC 60-hertz wall power. If you need a different power solution contact Ctek. 3.
2 March 2014 4 Administration, Configuration and Status About Addressing – Devices connecting to cellular networks are assigned an IP address by the serving network. Address assignment may either be static or the unit will be dynamically assigned an IP address, depending on arrangements that you have made with your wireless network operator. Dynamically assigned IP address remain in effect for a period of time assigned by the network operator, usually at most a small number of hours.
2 March 2014 When you have completed the login process you will be presented with the top-level administration menu. Notice that the SkyRouter’s firmware release level, input voltage level, and ambient temperature inside the case are displayed. Figure 6 - Z4200 Top Menu An optional top level menu is displayed if IPsec settings have previously been set to allow only secure traffic.
2 March 2014 Figure 7 - Z4200 Menu without routing 9
2 March 2014 Figure 7 - Z4400 Top Menu Note that the administration menu is divided into four sections. The Interfaces section deals with physical connectivity, managing the connection and subtended devices. Status screens are provided for the wireless and Ethernet interfaces. Services are applications that are within the router core to modify the behavior of a specific interface or to change system wide parameters within the router core.
2 March 2014 4.2 Interfaces 4.2.1 Configuring The Wireless Interface The configuration screen for the Model Z4200 (EVDO and 1xRTT) wireless interface is shown below in Figure 10 and described in the text following. Figure 12 and its associated text describes the wireless interface provided with the Model Z4400 for use on HSPA, UMTS, GPRS, and EDGE networks. Figure 8 - Z4200 (CDMA) Wireless Interface Network Select – Note: This setting should only be changed after consulting with Ctek Support.
2 March 2014 LCP Echo – Used on some International networks. For all US networks LCP echo packets should be turned off, meaning this box should be unchecked. If you have questions check with Ctek support. Wireless Connection – Used to enable/disable the wireless WAN connection. Disabled – Turn off WAN connection Enabled – Turn off WAN connection Inactivity Timer – Used to specify a duration of no outbound or incoming traffic after which the WWAN connection will be re-established.
2 March 2014 APN – Provided by the network operator. Determines what IP addresses are assigned to the mobile station, what security methods are used, and how the GSM data network connects to the customer’s network. PDP Address – Provided by the network operator. Specifies the address of a particular device’s Packet Data Protocol context area in the network. Authentication – Available settings are None, PAP, CHAP, BOTH. Usually set to none but may be required on some networks.
2 March 2014 Media Type – Determines the type of Ethernet connection. Auto allows router to determine what the connection is. This setting is appropriate for most cases. Other settings are to select either 10Mb (10baseT), 100Mb (100baseT), Full Duplex (FD), or Half Duplex (HD). Again, in almost all cases Auto will correctly determine the proper setting. IP Address – Used to set the base address of the SkyRouter’s LAN segment.
2 March 2014 Figure 12 - RS232/485 Configuration Bit Rate – Selects transmit and receive speed. This setting is available on both the RS232 and RS485 ports. Character Length – Selects the number of bits representing a character. This setting is available on both the RS232 and RS485 ports. Parity – Selects the parity bit setting that will match the far end. This setting is available on both the RS232 and RS485 ports.
2 March 2014 4.2.2 Serial Communications Services Important Note: This section of the Z4200/Z4400 User Manual describes the administrative controls and basic operation of the Serial Pad feature. Details of dialing and control options are further described in Ctek TechNote TN007 which is available on the Ctek web site at www.ctekproducts.com. TCP and UDP PAD services and Point-To-Point Protocol (PP) networking services are provided for the DB9 RS232 interface.
2 March 2014 4.2.2.
2 March 2014 Auto Dial (leased line) Mode - In auto dial (leased line) mode, the PAD provides auto-dial and auto-recovery facilities so that a connection is always available. The PAD may be configured to auto-dial as many as four destinations. If a connection cannot be established with one destination, the PAD will automatically attempt to connect with other configured destinations. Auto dial mode may be configured so that is controlled by DTR to implement DTR dialing.
2 March 2014 Auto – PAD automatically attempts to connect to the destinations defined in the Outbound IP Parameters. The PAD will start with destination 1 and will continue to sequence through all defined destinations until a connection is established. *** NOTE ***: If Auto is selected for Dial Mode, then Answer Mode is effectively disabled since the PAD will be continuously attempting to establish an outbound connection.
2 March 2014 Accept calls from all IP addresses or Accept calls from only the following IP addresses – Allows the user to selectively accept inbound calls based on the source IP address. Data Management Parameters Termination Character – The user may define a termination character that will cause any buffered characters to be sent. In conjunction with the Termination Character parameter, the user may define the length of a block check sequence in Block Check Length that follows the termination character.
2 March 2014 In the following case, both the IP address and port number is retrieved from default Destination 1 of Outbound IP Parameters: ATD In the following cases, both the IP address and port number is retrieved from the specified Destination of Outbound IP Parameters: ATDS=1 ATDS=2 ATDS=3 ATDS=4 Hang Up Command – The following command will disconnect a TCP connection: ATH Go Back To Online Mode – The following command is used when the user has escaped from data mode to command mode.
2 March 2014 4.2.2.2 UDP PAD Services Figure 15 - UDP Pad Configuration PAD Operational Mode Outbound IP Parameters. Inbound IP Parameters This setting is used to select whether the UDP PAD will operate in client or server mode. In client mode the PAD will transmit to a server defined by the Outbound IP Parameters. In Server mode the PAD will listen for UDP traffic on the Port defined in Inbound IP Parameters.
2 March 2014 When receiving characters from the serial interface, receipt of this character will cause buffered data to be sent over the TCP connection. If no character is defined buffered data is transmitted based on maximum block size or character timer (defined below). Block check length In many cases, there are 1 or 2 bytes of CRC or LRC after a termination character is received and it is usually desirable to have those bytes included in the same packet with the data.
2 March 2014 Enables or disables the LCP Echo message over the PPP connection DNS Address Source – In most cases this parameter should be set to Acquire From Wireless Network. In this case, when you click on the Update button, the router will verify that it has been connected to the wireless network and that the wireless network has provided DNS addresses. If DNS addresses have been provided, they will be displayed in the Primary and Secondary Address boxes.
2 March 2014 On Opening - Respond when relay contacts go open Maximum Trigger Rate – This setting determines how often the router will send a “relay event” message. If the relay event is recurring at a rapid rate this setting will prevent an undesirable “flood” of messages. If Maximum Trigger Rate is set to "Always" the relay input is operating in edge triggered mode. In this mode the router will invoke its assigned service any time that the input transitions to the selected state.
2 March 2014 Figure 18 - Relay Output Configuration Relay Managed By Automation Control – When set to Yes the relay is controlled as an Output Pin with the Automation Control application. When No the relay is solely under the control of the web screen and SMS interface. Set Relay Output State – Used to set the current state of the relay driver circuit. The relay driver can be activated and deactivated by changing this setting and pressing update.
2 March 2014 4.2.5 Configuring the Time Source Figure 19 - Time Source Date and Time from: Determines the source of time for the SkyRouter and its applications NTP Server Address: If a Network Time Protocol Server is selected its IP address goes here Time Zone Correction: Most cellular networks report local time. If a source of time is reporting GMT and you wish to correct it the plus/minus hours should be entered here. 4.2.
2 March 2014 4.3 Status 4.3.1 Wireless Status The Wireless Status interface provides information on the Z Series router’s wireless network connection, local operating conditions, and predefined information contained within the radio module. Wireless status information is presented in two levels of detail, summary and detailed. Either level can be refreshed (updated) in real time using the Refresh button at the bottom of the page. The Wireless Status interface is display only.
2 March 2014 Signal Level (RSSI) – A measure of the strength of the wireless signal that your router is currently seeing. A larger negative number indicates a marginal network connection. Typically this number will be in the range of -75 - -95dBm although there are many locations where the value will be outside of the typical range. Service Type – The type of bearer channel this router is operating on. Options are None, 1xRTT and EVDO, or EVDO.
2 March 2014 Wireless Status Screen (Z4400) Figure 22 - Wireless Status Details Definitions – Detailed Display The Wireless Status Details screen is subdivided into four panels, Radio Configuration, Current Status, EV-DO Status and 1xRTT status. All values found on the Summary screen are repeated on the Details screen. Radio Configuration Panel Radio Type – Indicates the type of programming originally loaded into the radio module.
2 March 2014 Hardware Rev – The revision level of the radio module. MSID – Mobile Station Identification (MSID) a second phone number assigned to the module Current Status Panel Current Temp – The temperature currently being sensed by the radio module. Values are in Centigrade. Activation Status – Indicates whether or not the router has been successfully activated on the serving network.
2 March 2014 Wireless Status Screen (Z4400) Figure 23 - Wireless Status Z4400 Carrier – Often referred to as the Mobile Operator Network Status – Possible values are “In Service”, “No Service”, or “Service Denied”. Indicates the state of the network as seen through your particular router Service Type – Indicates the type of network data connection in use. Options are HSPA, UMTS, EGPRS, or GPRS.
2 March 2014 Roam Status – Indicates the network’s view of the current geographic location of your router. The possible values are “Not Roaming”, or “Roaming”. An indication of Roaming may or may not impact your data transmission costs. Charges are a function of your rate plan, not necessarily linked to the networks notion of roaming. Call Status – Indicates the current status of network registration. Possible values are “Attached”, or “Not Attached”.
2 March 2014 4.4 Services 4.4.1 User Accounts The default user account on a SkyRouter is account ID ctek, it should be changed as soon as practical. Additional user accounts may be added as desired. Each account created can have or be denied administrative privileges. Referring to the figure below selecting the first check box assigns administrative capabilities to a user. As of release 4.
2 March 2014 4.4.2 Routing and Forwarding Services Note: The Routing Screen is not available if IPsec is set to only allow secure traffic. The Routing and Forwarding Services screen provides two separate but related functions. First it allows you to forward WAN side IP traffic arriving on a specific IP Port to a specific Port at a LAN side address. In addition to this conventional forwarding feature this screen also allows you to make a Named Service available over the WAN interface.
2 March 2014 Of Local Address – Used to specify the LAN side address of the routing operation. With the introduction of the Point-ToPoint protocol feature for the RS232 port the routing field edits have been relaxed to allow multiple Class C ranges of IP addresses since the PPP connection will often be connecting into a different LAN segment. The user is cautioned to take extra care to assure that the LAN side address specified is correct for the connection intended.
2 March 2014 4.4.3 GRE Tunneling Services Figure 29 - GRE Tunneling Configuration Tunnel Select – Places GRE tunnel in operation. Options are None, Tunnel 1, Tunnel 2, Both Tunnel 1 and Tunnel 2 WAN MTU/MRU – Adjusts MTU (Maximum Transmission Units) and MRU (Maximum Receive Units) for 24 bytes of tunnel overhead. Options are Increase for tunnel overhead or Do not increase TTL Value – The time in seconds that a packet will remain alive in the tunnel. 255 is the recommended setting for normal operation.
2 March 2014 Local Tunnel IP - The address used to construct the local end of the GRE tunnel Net Mask (next to Local Tunnel IP) – The mask limiting the range of addresses connecting to the local tunnel Figure 30 - A GRE Tunnel 38
2 March 2014 4.4.4 IPsec Services The SkyRouter’s IPsec functionality provides up to eight secure encrypted tunnels between routers. When the IPsec menu item is selected the following screen is displayed. Figure 31 - IPsec Administration Tunnel Select – Select the tunnel to be configured. Up to eight tunnels are supported.
2 March 2014 IPSEC – Enabled or disabled. A system level parameter Security Level - A system level parameter Allow Internet and Secure Traffic – In this mode IP traffic addressed for the IPsec tunnel will be transmitted through the tunnel. Other traffic will continue to route over the open IP network. This setting allows web type traffic to co-exist with secure traffic on the same SkyRouter. Allow Only Secure Traffic – In this mode only IP traffic addressed for the IPsec tunnel will be transmitted.
2 March 2014 selection choices with this panel for Phase 1 and Phase 2 are identical but repeated so that different choices can be applied to Phase 1 and Phase 2 Phase 1 and Phase 2 Encryption - Choices are 3des, or aes. Authentication - Choices are sha1, or md5 DH Group - Defines what size modulus to use for Diffie-Hellman calculation. Choices are 768,1024, 1536, or 2048 PFS DH Group - Choices are No PFS, 768,1024, 1536, or 2048.
2 March 2014 4.4.6 Wireless Activation Services (Z4200 CDMA Only) Note – Before using the Wireless Activation Services Interface for any purpose you must first turn off the router’s WAN interface. This is accomplished by setting the Wireless Connection pull down on the Wireless Interface screen to disabled, clicking update, and then doing a restart of the unit. The Wireless Activation Services interface serves two purposes.
2 March 2014 Selecting the Over The Air Activation option on either of these screens will cause the actual activation screen (Figure 34) to be displayed. Figure 35 - Activation Control Activation Status – Activated or Not Activated Network Stability – Indicates OK For Activation if during the previous two minute sample period the RSSI is less that (smaller negative number) -99dBm, the SID has not changed, and the unit has access to 1xRTT connectivity.
2 March 2014 Figure 36 - Activation Log Manual Configuration – Manual activations are performed using specific AT commands to program the router’s radio module. The Manual Session selection is a general purpose AT command interface that can be used to perform manual activations or to enter and observe other AT commands as required.
2 March 2014 Figure 37 - Manual Activation PRL Updates – (Sprint) For information on manually updating a PRL on a Sprint router see TechNote TN0015. To update a PRL on the Verizon Wireless network the activation process should be redone. *** NOTE *** Over the air PRL updates on the Sprint network are not currently implemented.
2 March 2014 4.4.7 DDNS Services Figure 39 - DDNS Client Configuration The Z Series SkyRouter provides three levels of network management services based on dynamic domain name service (DDNS) as well as standard RFC based DNS over UDP. EW/UDP is Ctek’s standard DDNS service and is available on every SkyRouter. It provided domain name resolution using the EW/UDP protocol developed by Ctek. Two additional value added DDNS services are available from Ctek as installable applications.
2 March 2014 Primary DDNS Server: - The IP address of a EW/UDP or VDDNS Server Primary DDNS Server: - The IP address of a EW/UDP or VDDNS Server Disable/Enable VDDNS Location Services – When disabled location information is not sent to the VDDNS server. Name resolution continues to function and any selected network management data will continue to be sent.
2 March 2014 Figure 41 - Applications (Examples) 4.5.2 Tools With the standard SkyRouter release the Tools category offers a limited subset of the TCOPlus feature group. Currently the Over-The-Air Firmware update mechanism is provided.
2 March 2014 4.5.3 Flash Update Client Figure 43 - Flash Update Client The flash update client is used to download firmware releases, configuration files, and enable purchased applications. SkyRouter users wishing to maintain their own update server can also use this tools within their own network. Last Global, Selective, License Update – These fields represent the current sequence of updates in each category.
2 March 2014 Figure 44 - Backup/Restore Most of Ctek’s applications make use of specialized configuration files. As applications are configured, the backup/restore utility automatically reconfigures to enable the required backup capabilities for the newly enabled applications. The figure below shows the backup/restore menu with applications installed. Note: Configurations stored on the USB device are found within a folder named skyrouter.
2 March 2014 Figure 46 - Tools (With TCOPlus) The entire TCOPlus feature group is available as a value added option for the Z Series models. For details refer to Ctek Application Programming Note APN001. 4.5.5 SIM Editor (Z4400 HSPA Only) Many network operators issue SIM cards that do not contain the MSISDN (phone number) assigned to the account. This tools allows you to write the assigned MSISDN on the SIM card for future reference.
2 March 2014 4.5.6 AT Commands (Z4400 HSPA Only) This screen allows the user to write AT style commands directly to the radio module. Equivalent functionality for Z4200 (CDMA) models is available through the Manual Configuration screen available under the Activation menu selection.
2 March 2014 5 Specifications See individual product data sheets 6 Certifications FCC Part 15 This equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class A computing device according to U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, FCC Rules and Regulations Part 15. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1) This device may cause harmful interference, and 2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
2 March 2014 7 Appendix A – Discrete I/O Electrical Drawings 54
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