IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Version: 1.4 This document describes how to use IVT BlueSoleil™.
FCC DoC Labeling Class 2 Bluetooth Pen Drive Tested to Comply With FCC Standard FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Contents 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3 3.1 3.2 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 9 9.1 9.2 BlueSoleil™ Introduction............................................................................ 1 Profiles .................................................................................................... 1 New features in BlueSoleil 1.4 ....................................................................
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 10 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 11 11.1 11.2 12 12.1 12.2 12.3 13 13.1 13.2 13.3 14 14.1 14.2 14.3 15 15.1 15.2 15.3 16 16.1 16.2 16.3 17 17.1 17.2 18 Transfer Objects from a Bluetooth Cellular Phone to a Computer .................... 74 Transfer Objects between Two Computers................................................... 75 Configure OPP Service.............................................................................. 76 Using OPP in Microsoft Outlook .....
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 1 BlueSoleil™ Introduction BlueSoleil™ is a Windows-based Bluetooth Wireless software suite from IVT Corporation. It is fully compliant to the latest Bluetooth SIG specifications. BlueSoleil™ incorporates Bluetooth and computer technologies to enable users to wirelessly access computing devices, form networks, and exchange information. 1.1 Profiles BlueSoleil™ V1.4 includes ten Bluetooth profiles.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 1.2 New features in BlueSoleil 1.4 BlueSoleil version 1.4 is ready now with even more exciting new features, multimedia profiles are added into BlueSoleil. They include: 1.3 ♦ Headset With this feature, users can use Bluetooth Headset to listen to music, to record sound or to chat with others. Headset increases the user’s mobility.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual With these functions, users can setup ad-hoc Personal Area Network quickly and share the Internet accessing among computer. ♦ More Bluetooth Serial Ports More Bluetooth Serial Ports are supported, with 4 Bluetooth Serial Ports for out-going connections and 2 Bluetooth Serial Ports for incoming connections. ♦ Mobile HID With this feature, users can make cellular phones like Ericsson T39 or T68 to work like a mouse and keyboard.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 2 BlueSoleil™ Basic Operations 2.1 Start BlueSoleil™ After installing BlueSoleil™, there are two ways to start the program: 1. A BlueSoleil™ shortcut icon on the Windows desktop. 2. An IVT BlueSoleil™ program group entry in the Windows’ Start | Programs menu. Double-click the BlueSoleil™ shortcut icon on the desktop or click the BlueSoleil™ menu item on the Start | Programs | IVT BlueSoleil™ menu to start the BlueSoleil™ software.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 2.3 BlueSoleil™ Main Window The BlueSoleil™ Main Window displays all surrounding Bluetooth devices. From the BlueSoleil™ Main Window users can search for surrounding Bluetooth devices and can execute connect/ disconnect functions. Remote Device Serivce Icon Local Device Icon Remote Device Figure 2.2: BlueSoleil™ Main Window The main elements in the BlueSoleil™ Main Window are: ♦ My Device Icon ♦ Remote Bluetooth Device Icons ♦ Bluetooth Service Icons 2.3.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 2.3.2 Remote Bluetooth Device Icons The icons in the table below represent the remote Bluetooth devices. Device Type Icon Headset Keyboard LAN Access Point Laptop Mobile Modem Mouse Personal Computer PDA Printer Scanner Unknown device The following colors are used to indicate the status of the remote Bluetooth device: ♦ White (Idle) This is the normal status of the device. Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual ♦ Yellow (Selected) The device has been selected by the user. ♦ Green (Connected) The device has been connected. Functions: 2.3.3 ♦ Single-click to select. ♦ Double-click to get the services remote Bluetooth device supports. ♦ Right-click to display the pop-up menu with related operations. Bluetooth Service Icons The Bluetooth Service Icons represent the Bluetooth services supported by the remote device.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual AV Headphone Basic Image Headset Audio Gateway The following colors are used to indicate the status of the Bluetooth service: ♦ White (Idle) This is the normal status. ♦ Pink (Available) The Bluetooth service is available for the selected device. ♦ Yellow (Selected) The service icon has been selected by the user. ♦ Green (Connected) The service is connected. Functions: ♦ Hover the mouse over the icon to display the service name. ♦ Single-click to select the service.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 2.4: BlueSoleil™ Service Window Main Elements: ♦ 2.4.1 My Service Icons My Service Icons These icons represent ‘my Bluetooth services’. My Bluetooth Service Icon Personal Area Networking Serial Port LAN Access Object Push Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.com All specifications are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual File Transfer Information Synchronization AV Headphone Basic Image Headset AG The following colors indicate the status of the Bluetooth service: 2.4.2 ♦ White (Idle) Normal status. ♦ Pink (Started) My Bluetooth service is started. ♦ Green (Connected) A remote device has connected to my Bluetooth service. Start/Stop a Bluetooth Service Select a service icon in service window, and double-click to start/stop a service or select right popup menu to send command. 2.4.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual the names of the found devices. Double clicking the local device or double clicking one of the remote devices (to start to search profiles it supports) will stop the inquiry procedure. Figure 2.5 Inquiry Menu Method 2: Add Device from History List If there are more than 7 devices to find within the radio range, you can add the device you have used to the orbit from the history device list. Click Tools Menu and select Add Device from History.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 2.7 Add Bluetooth Neighbour Device Manually dialog Input the device address and click OK, and then the device will be added to the end of the orbit. However, the device type will be unknown. The shortcut key to open Add Bluetooth Neighbor Device Manually dialog box is Ctrl+N. The remote devices found will be added to the orbit. Refer to the following window (Figure 2.8). Figure 2.8 Devices can be add into the main window 2.5.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Double click the remote Bluetooth device you want to connect and you will be asked to enter the Bluetooth Passkey. Please type the Bluetooth Passkey in the Passkey field (Figure 2.9). Figure 2.9 Input Passkey Meanwhile, there will be a Bluetooth Passkey dialog box prompted on the remote laptop or desktop equipped with the Bluetooth device to ask you to enter passkey. The Bluetooth passkey should be the same between paired devices.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 2.6 Start Or Stop A Bluetooth Service Connection After you have finished the pairing process, it means that you have built the connection between the client side and remote side. You may start to use the Bluetooth services the associated Bluetooth device provides. You can refer to 4.2 Communication Between Two Computers as a more detailed example. 2.6.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 2.12 The connection has been established 2.6.3 Stop A Bluetooth Service Connection There are two ways to stop the service: ♦ Select a started service and right click the service. On the popup menu, select Stop Service. The service icon turns white. The service is stopped. ♦ Select a started service. Select My Services menu and highlight Stop Service. The service icon turns white. The service is stopped. Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 3 Bluetooth Security 3.1 Introduction Bluetooth introduces security features to protect users from unauthorized access of local data and encrypt data in the air. Three levels of security is defined in Bluetooth: ♦ Low (no security): Local device will not initiate any security procedure. ♦ Medium (service-level enforced security): Local device does not initiate security procedures before user access local Bluetooth services.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 3.2 ♦ Authentication Authentication is used to verify identity; it requires a passkey or link key from the remote device. When an Authentication procedure is initiated by either local device or remote device, a dialog is shown to ask for entering Bluetooth Passkey. Only when passkeys from both sides are identical, can authentication succeed.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 3.2.1 General Property Page Figure 3.1: Security Configuration Dialog Security Level ♦ Low When Low is checked, normally other devices may access your device freely, which means that they don't need to input the Bluetooth passkey. However, if the other device set its own security level to High, you are also required to input the passkey. ♦ Medium The medium level is service level security. You can assign access right for specified service to different devices.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual ♦ 3.2.2 Enable Data Encryption If the item is checked, the transmitted data will be encrypted into an unreadable format. Devices Property Page Figure 3.2: Devices Property Page when you establish connection with a paired device, you needn't input a passkey again. A link key has been created and stored for the paired relationship.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 3.3: Authorization Dialog The services shown in Service Name list are those need Authentication. Configure in Services Property Page. If a service name is checked, the device will be a trusted device for the service. 3.2.3 Services Property Page Only when the Security Level is set as Medium in General Property Page, the property page is enabled. Figure 3.4: Services Property Page Authentication Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual ♦ Checked If you check the Authentication box after a service name, when a not paired device access the service, a passkey is required. ♦ Not Checked The security level of the service will be Low. Any device may access the service freely. Encryption If check Encryption after a service name, the transmitted data for the service will be encrypted into an unreadable format.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 4 Personal Area Networking 4.1 Introduction The Bluetooth Personal Area Networking (PAN) is a Bluetooth application, which enables devices to form an ad-hoc network or to access a remote network through a network access point. The PAN application can be used in the following scenarios: ♦ Two or more computers (or PDAs) can be connected to form a Group Ad-hoc Network (GN) and can visit each other using Windows Network Places or any application based on TCP/IP. (Figure 4.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.3: Access LAN through BlueSoleil NAP ♦ Two or more computers (or PDAs) can access the Internet through BlueSoleil™. (Figure 4.4) In this scenario, there are two network adapters for the BlueSoleil NAP: the WAN adapter is connected to the Internet and the BT network adapter is used for Bluetooth connections from the PANUs. The BlueSoleil NAP acts as a TCP/IP gateway, and the PANUs can access the Internet through the BlueSoleil NAP. Figure 4.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Step 1: Insert Bluetooth Devices in both computers and start BlueSoleil™ in both computers. Step 2: Set device name of each computer to anything you want. Here they are named Computer A and Computer B. Step 3: ♦ In the BlueSoleil™ Main Window of Computer A, click My Bluetooth | Property…. Enter ‘Computer A’ in the device name field in the My Bluetooth Device window. ♦ Repeat for Computer B. Set the Security Level.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual on the GN side. (Notes: To use DHCP, the BT Network Adapter on the client side must be set to obtain an IP address automatically. The IP address is in the form of 192.168.18.xxx.) ♦ Click Apply or OK button to save the configuration. ♦ Right-click the Personal Area Networking icon again, then choose Start Service. (Figure 4.7) Figure 4.6: Set up Bluetooth Personal Area Network Configuration Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.7: Start PAN Service on Computer A Step 5: Step 6: Search for Computer A on Computer B. ♦ Double-click the My Device Icon (center ball). The surrounding discovered Bluetooth devices appear. ♦ Check to see if Computer A appears. If it does not appear, double-click the My Device Icon again. Repeat the operation until you find Computer A. Find the PAN service on Computer A. ♦ Double-click the Computer A device icon on Computer B.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.9: PAN service is found Step 7: Connect to Computer A. ♦ Right-click the PAN service icon; select Connect on the pop-up menu. (Figure 4.10) ♦ The connection is established successfully ( Figure 4.11). Wait until the valid IP address is shown on the bottom right status bar on both Computer A and Computer B. If you enable the DHCP server on the server side, the IP address appears as “192.168.18.xxx”. If not, the IP address appears as “169.254.xxx.xxx”. Figure 4.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.11: Connection is established successfully. Step 8: Computer A and Computer B are now connected. On Computer B, go to Windows | My Network Places to find Computer A and copy files. Figure 4.12 shows where to input Computer A’s name. In Figure 4.12, Computer A is named ‘mike’. Figure 4.12: Find Computer A in My Network Places Step 9: To disconnect the PAN connection, disconnect from either Computer A or from Computer B.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual ♦ On Computer A, right-click on the PAN service icon in service window and choose Stop Service. Figure 4.13: Disconnect the PAN service from Computer B Advanced Usage: ♦ Computer A is now the center node. Other computers, for example, Computers C, D and E, can connect to Computer A with BlueSoleil™ following the same steps as those for Computer B. Computer A supports up to 7 connections at the same time.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual it on. Step 2: Insert a Bluetooth Device into the computer. Step 3: Start BlueSoleil™ in the computer. Step 4: Connect Computer A to Ethernet PAN-NAP B 1. Go to Computer A, double click My Device Icon until you find the device Ethernet PAN-NAP B. 2. Find the PAN service on Ethernet PAN-NAP B by double clicking the Ethernet PAN Bridge B device icon. Enter the Bluetooth passkey (if security is set to High on either side) to start authentication.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.16: Successful connection to PAN-NAP Step 5: IP address configuration of the BT Network Adapter on Computer A. ♦ Right-click on My Network Places and select Properties. (Figure 4.17) ♦ Right-click the Local Access Connection 2 on the Network and Dial-up Connections window, and select Properties. (Figure 4.18) Figure 4.17: Right-click on My Network Places Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.18: Network and Dial-up Connections ♦ On the Local Area Connection 2 Properties window, select the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) item and click on Properties. (Figure 4.9) ♦ Set the IP address to be in the same subnet as the other computers in the LAN. (Figure 4.20). Figure 4.19: Find Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.com All specifications are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.20: Set the IP address Note: When Computer A connects to Ethernet PAN-NAP B it accesses the LAN as if it is attached to the LAN directly. The network properties of Computer A must be the same as the computers in the LAN, that is, Computer A and the computers in the LAN must be in the same subnet and have the same subnet mask. For example, if the computers in the LAN use DHCP for IP addressing, then Computer A needs to be configured to use DHCP.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Step 1: Step 2: ♦ Start IVT BlueSoleil™ on both Computer A and Computer B. Please ♦ refer to “Section 3.2:Communication Between Two Computers”, and complete Steps 1 to 4. Start the PAN service on Computer A. ♦ In the BlueSoleil™ Main Window, click View | Service Window. ♦ In the Service Window, right-click the Personal Area Networking icon.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.21: Access Outside LAN Network Configuration 4.5 Access Internet through IVT BlueSoleil™ The following sections outline how to enable Computer B to access the Internet through Computer A. Computer A: Computer B: Desktop Notebook/ Laptop A Bluetooth Device A Bluetooth Device Windows 2000 Windows 2000 IVT BlueSoleil™ IVT BlueSoleil™ Network Adapter connecting to the Internet Step 1: Step 2: ♦ Make sure Computer A can access Internet.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.22: Access Outside WAN Network Configuration Advanced Usage: ♦ Computer A is now the center node of the network. Other computers with BlueSoleil™ installed, for example, Computers C, D and E, can connect to Computer A following the same steps as those for Computer B and access the Internet through Computer A. Computer A supports up to 7 connections at the same time.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 4.23: Service Configuration Setting Items: ♦ Auto start this service when my Bluetooth starts Check this option to automatically start my PAN service the every time BlueSoleil™ is started. Work Mode ♦ Set up Bluetooth Personal Area Network Choose this item to run in the GN mode. Check Enable DHCP Server, and a DHCP server will be started on the server side, so other devices will obtain an IP address (192.168.18.xxx) from the DHCP server after they connected to the GN.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 5 Dial-Up Networking 5.1 Introduction The Bluetooth Dial-up Networking (DUN) service allows a Bluetooth-enabled client to access the Internet wirelessly through a modem on another Bluetooth device or a cellular phone. The other Bluetooth device or the cellular phone is called the gateway (server) as it provides access to the public network. The DUN profile can be used in the following scenario: ♦ 5.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual number, for example, “1”. 4. On the BlueSoleil™ side, the Enter Bluetooth Passkey window pops up requesting the Bluetooth passkey. Input the same Bluetooth passkey you have input in the T39 and click OK. 5. Once the pairing process is successfully complete, the T39 device icon is displayed in the Main Window of Computer A. At the meanwhile, the following dialog pops up asking you whether Create a Shortcut on the windows desktop.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 5.1: Connect BlueSoleil™ DUN Connection Step 6: Dial to Internet 1. The Connect BlueSoleil™ DUN Connection window appears (Figure 5.1). 2. Input a valid username, password and the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP’s) phone number, then click the Dial button. 3. If the dial-up is successful, a small icon appears on the bottom right hand of the Windows taskbar, indicating that the dial up connection is successfully established. 4.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 5.2: BlueSoleil™ DUN Connection Status window 5.3 Settings for Dial-up Networking Profile (client side) in Windows98/Me Before using the Dial-up Networking (DUN) profile in Windows98/Me, ensure a Dial-up Adapter is already installed on the client computer. 5.3.1 Check if a Dial-up Adapter is installed Step 1: Select the Control Panel from the Start |Settings menu. Step 2: Double-click the Network icon. (Figure 5.3) Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 5.3: Windows Control Panel Step 3: Check if a Dial-up Adapter appears in the Network Component list. (Figure 5.4) Step 4: If a Dial-up Adapter is not found, then click Add to install one. Figure 5.4: Install Dial-up Adapter Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.com All specifications are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Step 5: Select Adapter from the Network Component list and click Add. (Figure 5.5 and Figure 5.6) Figure 5.5: Network Component list Figure 5.6: Select Adapter as the Network Component Type Step 6: Select Microsoft from the Manufacturers list on the left-hand side and select Dial-up Adapter in the Network Adapter list on the right hand side. (Figure 5.7 and Figure 5.8) Figure 5.7: Select Network Adapters (1) Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 5.8: Select Network Adapters (2) Step 7: Click OK to return to the Network property sheet. (Figure 5.9) Figure 5.9: Network property sheet Step 8: Click OK to close the Network property sheet. A message box pops up, click Yes to restart the computer. (Figure 5.10). Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.com All specifications are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 5.10: Restart computer Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.com All specifications are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 6 Bluetooth Serial Port 6.1 Introduction The Bluetooth Serial Port (SPP) provides a virtual serial port via Bluetooth as an alternative to a hardwired serial cable between a computer and device. Any program that uses a standard serial port can use the Bluetooth serial port without any change. IVT BlueSoleil™ provides three Serial Port services, you can connect with three remote devices and be connected with three remote devices at the same time through serial ports.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 6.1: Double-click the Computer A device icon ♦ The connection is established successfully as shown in Figure 6.2. And the serial port number is shown on the right bottom status bar on Computer B. (Figure 6.3) Figure 6.2: The connection is established successfully Figure 6.3: The serial port number is shown Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.com All specifications are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Note: You can initiate three connections between the two computers through three serial ports. And at the same time, you can also be connected with three remote devices if you provide three SPP services. 6.3 Use SPP to Print a Document This section outlines the steps involved in connecting a computer to a Bluetooth Printer Adapter using SPP.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Step 1: Insert the Bluetooth Device into the computer. Step 2: Start BlueSoleil™ in the computer. Step 3: Connect Computer A to the Bluetooth Cellphone B using SPP. 1. Go to Computer A; double click the My Device icon’ until you find the device Bluetooth Cellphone B. 2. Double-click the Bluetooth Cellphone B device to pair with it. If pairing is finished successfully, then find it’s SPP service. 3. Double-click the SPP service icon to start connecting SPP. 4.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Step 9: If you want to disable Cellphone B controlling computer A,click Close button. The Close button becomes to Open button automatically. Or press down the No key in Cellphone B to exit Controlling window. The function of cellphone key map: 6.5 6.5.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 6.9: SPP Service Configuration. Setting Items: ♦ Auto start this service when my Bluetooth starts Check this option to automatically start my Bluetooth SPP service #(1,2) every time BlueSoleil™ is started. (Figure 6.9) Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.com All specifications are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 7 Bluetooth File Transfer 7.1 Introduction The File Transfer profile (FTP) supports the file transfer usage model, which offers the ability to transfer files from one Bluetooth device to the other. The FTP profile can be used in the following scenarios: ♦ 7.2 A computer can transfer files to/from another computer. Transfer files to/from a Computer This section outlines the steps in transferring files between Computer A and Computer B.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 7.1: The connection is successfully established Figure 7.2: The remote folder is displayed Step 5: Copy files and directories. ♦ From Computer B to Computer A – upload Select files\ directories on Computer B and drag files into the Remote Shared Folder. (Figure 7.3) ♦ From Computer A to Computer B – download Select files\ directories from the Remote Shared Folder and drag files into the desktop or a folder on Computer B. (Figure 7.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual Figure 7.3: Upload files to Computer A Figure 7.4: Download files from Computer A Copyright © 2001, IVT Corporation, http://www.ivtcorporation.com All specifications are preliminary and subject to change without notice.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 7.3 FTP Configuration In the BlueSoleil™ Service Window, right-click the File Transfer icon. On the pop-up menu, select Properties to configure the ‘my FTP service’ (Figure 7.5). Figure 7.5: Configure FTP service Setting Items: ♦ Auto starts this service when my Bluetooth starts Check this box to automatically start the File Transfer service every time BlueSoleil™ is started.
IVT BlueSoleil™ User Manual 8 LAN Access 8.1 Introduction The Bluetooth LAN Access Profile (LAP) allows Bluetooth-enabled devices to access the services of a LAN using Point-to-Point Protocol. In this usage model, multiple data terminals use a LAN access point as a wireless connection to a Local Area Network (LAN). Once connected, data terminals operate as if they are connected to the LAN via dial-up networking and can access all the services provided by the LAN.
