Wireless Location Sensor Installation and Maintenance Manual
Note: The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or TV interference caused by unauthorized modifications to this equipment. Such modifications could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. Disclaimer: This document has been developed by Andrew Corporation and is intended for the use of its customers and customer support personnel. The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Table of Contents ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT....................................................................................................................V Safety Warnings ................................................................................................................................... v Technical Support Options.................................................................................................................. v Revision History ................................................
List of Figures Figure 1-1 WLS Base Station Connections....................................................................................... 2 Figure 1-2 WLS Front Panel................................................................................................................ 3 Figure 1-3 Two Channel TDOA WLS (WLS2) - Rear Panel .............................................................. 3 Figure 1-4 Four Channel TDOA WLS (WLS4) - Rear Panel ........................................................
About This Document This manual provides installation and maintenance information for the Geometrix Wireless Location Sensor (WLS). This is intended for use by base station service personnel responsible for WLS installation and maintenance. Chapter 1 describes the WLS equipment and the interface to the host base station. Chapter 2 provides procedures for a new WLS installation. Chapter 3 details procedures for replacement of previously installed WLS equipment.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual About this Document Revision History Version Date Issued A 07/01 Version A Released B 10/02 Version B Released C 06/02 D 01/03 E 09/03 ® Geometrix Wireless Location System Andrew Corporation Proprietary Scope Added to Section 1.3 – Figure 1-6,1-7, Tables 1-3 to 1-5 Added to Section 2.1 – Phillips #2 Screwdriver as option to T20 Torx Screwdriver Added to Section 2.2 – Phillips screws as option to #20 Torx Screws Added Section 2.
Chapter 1 Equipment Description This chapter presents a technical description of the WLS equipment. 1.1 WLS Technical Description The WLS is a digital receiver unit that makes measurements on a mobile uplink RF signal in order to aid in a location computation. Multiple WLS units work together as coordinated by the Geolocation Control System (GCS) to locate a mobile. WLS units are available with multiple options from four models: 2-channel, 4-channel, 4-channel with AOA, and AOA ONLY.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description the installation of separate antennas and associated RF conditioning hardware. Figure 1-1 illustrates the WLS base station connections. GSM BCCH Antenna Figure 1-1 WLS Base Station Connections For modular-cell, micro-cell, or outdoor shelter installations, a self-contained environmentally protected enclosure is available.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description Figure 1-2 WLS Front Panel Table 1-1 WLS LED Indicators ON (Green) Unit is powered up ONLINE (Green) Indicates connection established to GCS ACTIVE (Green) Illuminated when performing location processing ALARM (Red) Indicates a unit hardware failure Figure 1-3 Two Channel TDOA WLS (WLS2) - Rear Panel Figure 1-4 Four Channel TDOA WLS (WLS4) - Rear Panel ® Geometrix Wireless Location System Andrew Corporation Proprietary 3
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description Figure 1-5 Four Channel AOA WLS (WLS4A) (Ext. switch) - Rear Panel Table 1-2 WLS Specifications Storage Temperature -40 to +70 °C Operating Temperature -10 to 55 °C The unit will power up at -30°C ambient and require a 15-minute warm-up period to reach full performance. Relative Humidity (Operating and Storage) 5 to 95% non-condensing Operating Altitude Sea level to 3000 meters Storage Altitude Sea level to 10000 meters 2-channel 3.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description Figure 1-6 shows the GPS antenna splitter and associated mounting bracket. Figure 1-6 GPS Antenna Splitter 1.3 AOA RFDU and Antenna Switch The RFDU is a set of 4 filter amplifiers designed to support AOA installations. AOA installations require panel antennas separate from the normal receive antennas, and thus require their own preamps and signal conditioning. For sites employing a single AOA panel, the panel connects directly to the RFDU.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description Figure 1-7 RFDU with External Antenna Switch - Front View Figure 1-8 RFDU with External Antenna Switch - Rear View ® Geometrix Wireless Location System Andrew Corporation Proprietary 6
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description Table 1-3 Cellular “A” RFDU Specifications Frequency Range 824 – 835, 845 – 846.5 MHz Gain 16 – 20 dB Passband Return Loss 15.0 dB min Impedance 50 ohms 20 dB min ( 806-821 MHz ) 30 dB min ( 821 MHz ) 30 dB min ( 851 – 869 MHz ) 1.75 dB max Rejection Noise Figure OIP3 +33.5 dBm typical +30 dBm min.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description Table 1-5 PCS RFDU Specifications Frequency Range 1850 - 1910 MHz Gain 14 –20 dB Passband Return Loss 15.0 dB min Impedance Noise Figure 50 ohms 60 dB min. ( DC - 1825 MHz ) 60 dB min. (1930 - 4000 MHz ) 40 dB min ( 4000 - 6000 MHz ) 2.0 dB max OIP3 +35 dBm min. Temperature Range -30°C - +70°C 19" and 23" Rack Mounting Input: TNC female Output: TNC female Power – Three pin circular +10 dBm 26.5 Vdc @ < 0.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description Figure 1-10 Dual-Band RF Combiner – Front View, Rack Mount Figure 1-11 Dual-Band RF Combiner - Wall Mount with WLS ® Geometrix Wireless Location System Andrew Corporation Proprietary 9
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Equipment Description Table 1-6 Dual-Band Combiner Specifications Frequency Range 806-849 MHz, 1850-1910 MHz Insertion Loss < 1.5dB Low Port to High Port Isolation > 50 dB High Port to Low Port Isolation > 50 dB Input VSWR < 2.5:1 Output VSWR < 2.
Chapter 2 Installation This chapter details the step-by-step procedures for installation of a new WLS unit. Procedures should be followed in the order presented. 2.1 Pre-Planning Prior to beginning an installation, the following base station items should be in place: • 19” or 23” Rack Space – 3.5” of vertical space for the 2-channel WLS, 5.25” for the 4channel WLS, 5.25” for the RFDU. An additional 1.75 “ is required for the Antenna Switch if applicable, and an additional 1.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual • Terminal Crimp tool • Adjustable Wrench • Wire Stripper • Utility Knife • Cable ties • Digital Multimeter • Laptop PC with HyperTerminal (or equivalent) application installed • DB-9 (F) – DB-9 (F) null-modem serial cable Installation 2.2 Rack Mounting 1.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Figure 2-2 Front Mount Bracket Configuration 1. Attach the bracket to the wall using the supplied hardware. 2. Mount the WLS chassis in the bracket using supplied #20 Torx screws (or Phillips Screws depending on hardware provided). Figure 2-3 shows the mounting bracket configurations for wall mount. Refer to Figure 1-11 for wall mounting the WLS with a Dual-Band RF Combiner.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Figure 2-3 Wall Mount Bracket Configuration 2.3 Ground Cabling 1. Cut the ground cable to the appropriate length and crimp the supplied ground lugs to each end. 2. Attach one end to the WLS rear panel grounding post. 3. Attach the other end to a ground location within the WLS rack. 4. Ensure connections are clean and tight. 2.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Power cables are shipped with the circular connector already installed. The opposite cable end is cut to length and terminated with ring terminal lugs during installation. Part number G15A0497-1 is the power cable supplied for 24 VDC installations. Part number G15A0497-2 is the power cable supplied for –48 VDC installations. NOTE: The RFDU is only available for 24 VDC use.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Table 2-1 WAN Cable Pin Assignment Signal Name DB-25 pin assignment Winchester pin assignment Shield 1 A TxData(B) 14 TxData(A) Signal Name DB-25 pin assignment Winchester pin assignment CTS 5 D S DSR 6 E 2 P Ground 7 B TxClk(A) 15 Y DTR 20 H RxData(A) 3 R DCD 8 F RxData(B) 16 T RxClk(B) 9 X RTS 4 C TxClk(B) 12 AA RxClk(A) 17 V 2.6 Alarm Cabling (optional) 1.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation 2.7 GPS Cabling CAUTION: The WLS unit must be powered off before connecting or disconnecting GPS cables. 1. Connect the GPS antenna cable to the GPS ANT port on the rear of the WLS unit. 2. If a GPS splitter is required: a. Mount the splitter in the cable tray above the GPS receiver rack. b. Disconnect the base station GPS receiver antenna input and attach to the splitter ANT connector. c.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Depending on the number of AOA panels used, not all ports need to be connected. Where both TDOA and AOA are employed at the same site, attenuators are required at the TDOA inputs to the switch to compensate for the added gain of the RFDU. See Figure 2-9. In installations utilizing the dual-band combiner, connect input cables from the individual band multicouplers to the appropriate input ports on the combiner.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation WLS To A Sector Multicoupler DIV0 ANT 1 DIV1 ANT 5 To B Sector Multicoupler DIV0 ANT 2 DIV1 ANT 6 To C Sector Multicoupler DIV0 ANT 3 DIV1 ANT 7 WLS2 shown Figure 2-5 TDOA2 WLS Cabling Diagram WLS To A Sector Multicoupler DIV0 ANT 1 DIV1 ANT 9 To B Sector Multicoupler DIV0 ANT 2 DIV1 ANT 10 To C Sector Multicoupler DIV0 ANT 3 DIV1 ANT 11 WLS4 shown Figure 2-6 TDOA4 WLS Cabling Diagram ® Geometrix Wireless Location Sys
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation RFDU WLS Cal To Antenna Cal Input To AOA Antenna OL or Port 1 A1 IN A1 OUT ANT 1 IL or Port 2 A2 IN A2 OUT ANT 2 IR or Port 3 A3 IN A3 OUT ANT 3 OR or Port 4 A4 IN A4 OUT ANT 4 WLS4A shown Figure 2-7 AOA Cabling Diagram for one AOA Panel Cal Source Splitter To A Sector Cal Input 1 To B Sector Cal Input 2S 3 To C Sector Cal Input To Alpha Sector Antenna Antenna Switch OL or Port 1 A1 IL or Port 2 A2 IR or Port 3 A3 OR or
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Cal Source Splitter WLS To A Sector Cal Input To B Sector Cal Input 50 Ohm Terminator 1 3 OL or Port 1 To A Sector Antennae Cal Source 2S Antenna Switch A1 IL or Port A2 IR or Port 3 A3 OR or Port 4 A4 OL or Port B1 IL or Port B2 IR or Port 3 B3 OR or Port 4 B4 DIV C1 DIV1 C2 OUT 1 OUT 2 OUT 3 To B Sector Antennae To C Sector RFDU OUT 4 A1 IN A2 IN A3 IN A4 IN A1 OUT A2 OUT A3 OUT A4 OUT ANT 1 ANT 2 ANT 3 ANT 4 C3 Multi
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Antenna RF Combiner To A Sector Antennae WLS 800 MHz Alpha 0 A1 800 IN 1900 MHz Alpha 0 A1 1900 IN A1 SUM OUT 800 MHz Alpha 1 A2 800 IN B1 SUM OUT 1900 MHz Alpha 1 A2 1900 IN C1 SUM OUT A2 SUM OUT B2 SUM OUT To B Sector Antennae To C Sector Antennae 800 MHz Beta 0 B1 800 IN 1900 MHZ Beta 0 B1 1900 IN 800 MHz Beta 1 B2 800 IN 1900 MHz Beta 1 B2 1900 IN 800MHz Gamma 0 C1 800 IN 1900 MHz Gamma 0 C1 1900 IN 800 MHz Gamma 1 C2 80
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation 2.10 Diagnostics & Verification A software utility is run on the WLS to verify the installation. It is assumed the installer/tester has a general knowledge of basic PC operation. The software will perform a comprehensive check of WLS hardware, WAN connectivity, and external cabling. Results will be presented in a simple pass/fail manner not requiring the user to interpret any data.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation 12) Read Serial/Model Numbers Enter your choice: Enter 1 to execute tests 2) through 6). This will begin a series of five subsystem tests. Each will print the test title and a PASS/FAIL indicator after completion. All tests should show a PASS indication. If any do not, a more detailed diagnostic can be run on the failed subsystem using the applicable menu item. The more detailed diagnostic will provide detailed information (e.g.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation CDMA Test: Passed Re-initializing ... unzip_mcs_files has finished. Mezzanine Test Result: PASS GPS TEST: Critical Alarms: None Minor Alarms: No Accurate Position Stored in EEPROM Test Result: PASS Press any key to continue. 8. After all required RF and WAN cables have been connected (per Sections 2.8 and 2.5 above) to the unit, tests 8 and 9 may be executed to detect if there are any loose or faulty cable connections. 9.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation BPU 0:PASS BPU 1:PASS BPU/RX Test Result: PASS Press any key to continue. Tests on BPU 1 are only executed in the case of a 4-channel (TDOA-4 or AOA) WLS. Failure of the BPU/RX test indicates an internal WLS component fault. The failed unit should be returned for repair. 2.10.4 Noise Channel Correlation/Power Test The Noise Channel Correlation/Power Test software is used to check the RF signal path within the WLS.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation The test is run over three frequency bands: Cellular A band, Cellular B band, and PCS band and a results table is displayed for each band. Each test within the specified band is run ten times (denoted by the iteration column above). If the test is run on a four-channel WLS, the test is run on each of the two BPUs. The test is a measure of BPU channel correlation when the same signal is injected into each of the two channels on the BPU.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation If necessary, the AOA WLS fault may be further isolated by bypassing the RFDU (i.e., cabling the antenna switch directly to the WLS) and re-running the test. If all of the above checks show no problems with the physical installation or the RFDU, then the WLS should be returned for repair. 2.10.5 CDMA Mezzanine Test If a mezzanine card is installed (CDMA site), then the CDMA mezzanine test is used to verify correct performance.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Minor Alarms A minor alarm will indicate a condition that the user should be alerted to, but does not indicate an immediate impairment to functionality. The alarms will include: • • • • • • • • • • • • Oscillator voltage near rail Antenna input connection is open, i.e., the input is not drawing sufficient current Antenna input is shorted, i.e.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation No Accurate Position Stored in EEPROM Decoding Status: Doing Fixes Disciplining: Phase Locking PPS Driver Switch: On PPS Quality: 6.11 ns PPS Polarity: Positive 10 MHz Quality: -0.14 ppb Temperature: 35.79 deg C DAC Value: 85769 DAC Voltage: 0.21 volts Press any key for more stats. Pdop: 3.36 Hdop: 2.51 Vdop: 2.24 Tdop: 1.87 Disc Time Constant: 100.0 sec Disc Damping Fact: 1.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Status Description PPS Polarity PPS signal polarity (Should be Positive) 10 MHz Quality Estimate of UTC offset (ppb) Temperature Temperature (deg C) as reported by the on board temperature sensor. DAC Value Offset binary (0x00 – 0xFFFF) DAC Voltage Voltage output of the DAC –5V to +5V Pdop Position Dilution of Precision. A unit-less figure of merit that describes how an uncertainty in pseudo-range affects position solutions.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Status Description Fix Mode Automatic/Manual Num Satellites (0-12) Satellite PRNs PRN Code, which serves as identification of satellite (0-12). Time Valid Indicator of time validity (Yes/No) Year/Month/Day/Hr/Min/Sec Timing Flag: UTC/GPS timing information. UTC Offset: the current integer leap second offset between GPS and UTC. According to Time (UTC) = Time (GPS) – UTC offset. Time Of Week (TOW): GPS seconds of week since Sunday at 00:00:00.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation The AOA Calibration Test will only run on AOA WLS sites. The test automatically determines if a WLS is AOA capable and which sectors are configured for AOA. It also determines the frequency band(s) being filtered by the RFDU from the BPU initialization file. On each AOA sector, the calibration signal level is measured on all four channels in the cellular A and B frequency bands and in the PCS band.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Failure of the AOA calibration test most likely indicates faulty calibration cables or faulty antenna cables. Failure could also indicate a fault in an antenna, RFDU, or antenna switch. It is unlikely that failure would indicate a WLS fault, unless the Noise Correlation / Power test also indicates failure. The Noise Correlation / Power test may also be used to localize problems in the RFDU or antenna switch. 2.10.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Antenna Face 4 - Cabled for TDOA WLS input cable connection thresholds: Low: -109 dBm, High: -104 dBm - Cable considered connected if min avg level is above low threshold OR max avg level is above high threshold - 4th sect delta column is the min avg level of the each port minus the min avg level of the 4th sector port. This is useful when the 4th sector is known to be unused, and can be used as a reference level to other ports.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation connections, a WLS WAN port cable failure or problems within the carrier T1 network. Additional loopback tests should be performed at various locations along the T1 signal chain to isolate the fault. The WAN test requires that personnel be located at the WLS site to add/remove loopback connectors. If the test is run remotely (e.g.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Installation Press any key to continue. Enter your choice: 11 CHANGE ALARM RELAY OPERATION 0 Normal Operation 1 Force Alarm : 0 Normal Alarm Relay Operation Press any key to continue.
Chapter 3 Replacement This chapter provides detailed instructions for replacement of an installed WLS unit. For safety, the steps should be followed in the order presented. 3.1 WLS Replacement Procedure 1. Place the WLS rear panel power switch in the OFF position. 2. Place the WLS circuit breaker on the base station power panel in the OFF position. 3. Disconnect the power cable from the rear panel of the WLS unit. 4.
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Replacement 3. Wait approximately 5 minutes for the WLS to connect to the GCS and synchronize to the latest software configuration. 4. Verify the front panel ONLINE LED is illuminated. 5. Verify with the NOC that the alarm condition that prompted the WLS replacement has cleared. 3.3 Defective Unit Disposition Defective units may be returned to Andrew Corporation for repair or replacement under the terms and conditions of the warranty or service contract in place.
Chapter 4 Maintenance This chapter describes WLS maintenance procedures. 4.1 Fan Care WLS Front panel fan filters should be inspected monthly and cleaned any time visible debris/dust is observable on the mesh. Fan filters should be cleaned using a brush attachment on a vacuum that allows contact with the filter mesh. 4.2 Cable Inspection All cables connected to the WLS should be inspected annually for wear and damage. Particular attention should be paid to corrosion on either the ground or RF cables.
List of Abbreviations ADC Analog to Digital Converter/Conversion ALI Automatic Location Identification ANI Automatic Number Identification AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone Service AMU Abis Monitoring Unit AOA Angle of Arrival APCO Assn of Public Safety Communications Officials BCCH Broadcast Control Channel BPU Baseband Processing Unit BSC Base Station Controller BTS Base Transceiver Station CAS Channel Associated Signaling CCS Common Channel Signaling CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual HAP Host Access Port Hdop Horizontal Dilution of Precision HSRP Hot Standby Redundant Protocol iDEN Integrated Dispatch Enhanced Network IL Inside Left IR Inside Right LAPD Link Access Protocol on the D-channel LBW Left Beam Width LEC Local Exchange Carrier LIM Line Interface Module LOM Lights Out Monitoring MIB Management Information Base MPC Mobile Position Center MSC Mobile Switching Center NASNA Nat’l Assn of State Nine-One-One Admini
WLS Installation and Maintenance Manual Replacement Pulse Per Second PSAP Public Safety Answering Point RBW Right Beam Width RF Radio Frequency RFDU Radio Frequency Distribution Unit RGA Return Goods Authorization RMS Root Mean Square Roamer Wireless user operating away from his home network coverage area.
