Agilent N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide Agilent Technologies
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PROTECTIVE CONDUCTOR TERMINAL. Frame or chasis TERMINAL. Equipotentiality. On (Supply). Off (Supply). Equipment protected throughout by DOUBLE INSULATION or REINFORCED INSULATION. Caution, risk of electric shock. Caution, hot surface. In position of bi-stable push control.
Out position of bi-stable push control.
General Safety Information This is a Safety Class I instrument (provided with a protective earthing ground, incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the instrument is likely to make the instrument dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.
Environmental Conditions This instrument is designed for indoor use. The table below shows the general environmental requirements for this instrument.
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In This Guide ... 1 Introduction Chapter 1 introduces you to the front panel display and instrument Web browser of the P-Series power meter. 2 General Power Meter Functions Chapter 2 describes the general operation of the P-Series power meter. 3 Using P-Series Power Sensor Chapter 3 describes how to use your P-Series power sensor with your P-Series power meter. 4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Chapter 4 describes how to use your E9320 E-Series power sensor with your P-Series power meter.
Contents Notices ii Certification iii General Warranty iii Warranty Service iii Limitation of Warranty iv Exclusive Remedies iv Restricted Rights Legend v Technology Licenses v Safety Summary vi Safety Notices vi Recommended Calibration Interval vi Safety Symbols vii General Safety Information x Environmental Conditions xi Regulatory Information xi Regulatory Markings xii Declaration of Conformity (DoC) xiii In This Guide ...
Making Relative Measurements 34 Setting the Pulse Reference Levels 36 Setting Offsets 39 Setting Measurement Averaging 49 Step Detection 51 Setting the Video Averaging 52 Setting the Video Bandwidth 54 Setting Measurement Channel Gates 57 Setting up the Channel Trace 62 Setting the Trigger 66 Setting External Trigger for Normal and Average Power Measurement 72 Setting Measurement Limits 86 Setting the Measurement Display 90 Scaling the Analog Display 97 Recorder Output 99 Saving and Recalling Power Meter St
Measuring Spread Spectrum and Multitone Signals 157 Measuring TDMA Signals 160 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Measurements 162 Measurement Accuracy and Speed 163 6 Using E4410 E-Series Power Sensors Introduction 168 Power Meter Configuration 169 Measurement Accuracy 171 7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Introduction 174 Power Meter Configuration 175 Measurement Accuracy 179 Frequency Specific Calibration Factors 180 Sensor Calibration Tables 184 8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Introduction 196 Po
Contacting Agilent Technologies 245 Erasing Memory Data 248 Returning Your Power Meter for Service 249 Agilent Sales and Service Offices 251 11 Specifications and Characteristics Introduction 254 Power Meter Specifications 256 Measurement Characteristics 259 Rear Panel Inputs and Output Connections 262 1 mW Power Reference 263 Environmental Conditions 264 Physical Characteristics 265 Regulatory Information 266 System Specifications and Characteristics 267 xviii N19121A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s
List of Figures Figure 1-1 Dual numeric display 10 Figure 1-2 Single numeric and analog display 12 Figure 1-3 Full screen numeric display 13 Figure 1-4 Trace display in both windows 14 Figure 1-5 Trace display in single enlarged window in markers mode 15 Figure 1-6 Trace display in single enlarged window in trigger delay mode Figure 1-7 Trace display in single enlarged window in trace control mode Figure 1-8 Opening the instrument Web interface.
Figure 2-34 Video Avg Count pop-up 53 Figure 2-35 Bandwidth filter shapes 55 Figure 2-36 Video bandwidth pop-up 56 Figure 2-37 Example of measurement gates 57 Figure 2-38 Gate Setup screen 58 Figure 2-39 Time Gating Start pop-up 59 Figure 2-40 Time Gating Length pop-up 59 Figure 2-41 Auto Gate Settings display 60 Figure 2-42 Marker 1 Ref Percentage pop-up 60 Figure 2-43 Marker 2 Ref Percentage pop-up 61 Figure 2-44 The placement of gates (markers) in Auto Gating mode 61 Figure 2-45 Trace setup display 62 Fi
Figure 2-68 Measurement feed example 91 Figure 2-69 Measurement Setup showing single configuration 92 Figure 2-70 Function pop-up 93 Figure 2-71 Measurement type pop-up 93 Figure 2-72 Gating Number pop-up 94 Figure 2-73 Measurement Setup showing combined configuration 95 Figure 2-74 Measurement example display 96 Figure 2-75 Maximum limit pop-up 97 Figure 2-76 Minimum limit pop-up 97 Figure 2-77 Increment and decrement multiplier 98 Figure 2-78 Recorder Minimum pop-up 100 Figure 2-79 Recorder Maximum pop-up
Figure 4-107 Trace display with gate control menu 142 Figure 4-108 Trace display with trigger delay menu 143 Figure 4-109 Trace display with trace control menu 145 Figure 4-110 Trace display in full screen 146 Figure 4-111 E-Series E9320 power sensor dafault channel setup 147 Figure 4-112 Channel offset display 148 Figure 5-113 E9300 E-Series auto-averaging settings 153 Figure 5-114 E9300 E-Series sensor default channel setup 154 Figure 5-115 Frequency pop-up 156 Figure 5-116 Spread spectrum signal 157 Figu
Figure 8-142 Frequency dependent offset indicator 210 Figure 8-143 Frequency/calibration table display 211 Figure 8-144 “Sensor Tbls” screen 213 Figure 8-145 “Edit Cal” display 214 Figure 8-146 Edit table title pop-up 214 Figure 9-147 CCDF table in windowed display 219 Figure 9-148 CCDF table in expanded display 220 Figure 9-149 CCDF table in full-screen display 221 Figure 9-150 Trace Display Select control menu 222 Figure 9-151 CCDF trace display with Marker Trace menu 223 Figure 9-152 Scale/Div pop-up 225
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List of Tables Table 1-1 Type of Lan Status message.
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N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 1 Introduction LXI Class-C Compliant Power Meter 2 Rack Mounting 2 Power Meter and Sensor Capability 3 Conventions Used in this Guide 4 Front Panel Keys and Connections 5 The Display Layout 10 Window Symbols and Pop-ups 18 Using the Instrument Web Browser 22 This chapter introduces you to the front panel display and instrument Web browser of the P-Series power meter.
1 Introduction LXI Class-C Compliant Power Meter P- Series power meter is a LXI Class C compliant instrument, developed using LXI Technology. LXI, an acronym for LAN eXtension for Instrumentation, is an instrument standard for devices that use the Ethernet (LAN) as their primary communication interface. Hence, it is an easy- to- use instrument especially with the usage of an integrated Web browser that provides a convenient way to configure the instrument’s functionality.
Introduction 1 Power Meter and Sensor Capability Your P- Series power meter is compatible with Agilent P- Series, E- Series E9320, E- Series E9300, E- Series E4410, 8480 Series and the N8480 Series power sensors. However, not all sensor and meter combinations have the same features or capabilities.
1 Introduction Conventions Used in this Guide The following conventions are used throughout this guide. This symbol and text represents a labeled key on the power meter front panel. Softkey This symbol and text represents a labeled softkey and is used to indicate you should press the unmarked key beside the displayed text. Message This text represents a displayed message. Parameter This is used to represent a parameter, value, or title.
Introduction 1 Front Panel Keys and Connections This section briefly describes the functions of the front panel keys and connectors. These keys are located to the left of the display. Key Function Press this key to preset the power meter. An option list of pre-installed measurement configurations is presented. Select an option and press the confirm key. Press this key to control the power meter from the front panel when it is operating via the remote interfaces (when Local Lock Out is not enabled).
1 Introduction These keys are located along the lower edge of the display. Key Function Press this key to access general configuration-menus, such as GPIB address. You can also access the Self-Test and Table entry menus. The measurement screen remains visible. Press this key to access the channel configuration menus. Channel parameters such as averaging and offsets are configured from this menu. Press this key to access the triggering menu.
Introduction 1 These keys are all associated with the menu labels and data entry. They are located to the right of the display. Key Function Press this key to return to the previous screen. This key also cancels pop-up entry. These unmarked keys are called ‘softkeys’ and are referred to by the text on the display next to them. For example, during a Preset, you are given an option to confirm the command. Press to continue, that is, press the softkey beside the displayed word ‘confirm’.
1 Introduction These keys and connectors are associated with the measurement channels and are located on the right- hand side of the front panel. Key Function The arrow keys are used for navigation around the parameter entry screens. The up and down arrows are used for selecting values from a pop-up list, they can also be used for stepping two values, X Scale and Y Scale. They are also used to enter text, for example, table names.
Introduction Connector 1 Function The power reference is a 1 mW (0 dBm) 50 MHz signal available from a 50 W type-N connector. It is used for calibrating an 8480, E-Series or N8480 Series power sensor and meter system. If the meter is configured with Option 003, the connector is fitted to the rear panel. The Green LED beside the connector is lit when the calibrator is turned on. The sensor input connectors (N1912A shown, the N1911A has one input).
1 Introduction The Display Layout Figure 1- 1 shows the display layout when two windows are configured in dual numeric mode. Pressing , Disp Type the other display formats are available. 1 9 2 3 8 4 6 5 7 Figure 1-1 Dual numeric display 1 The status reporting line displays messages and the control status of the power meter. For example, the status can be either RMT (remote, GPIB, USB or LAN operation) or LCL (local, front panel operation).
Introduction 1 5 This displays the measurement units, either dBm, dB, Watts, or percent (%). NOTE With a P-Series or an E-Series E9320 power sensor connected, a measurement result of –270 dBm indicates the input power level is beyond the sensitivity of the sensor. 6 With a P- Series or an E- Series E9320 power sensor connected, you can make combined measurements with a single channel meter. A dual channel meter extends this feature across both channels.
1 Introduction 14 13 15 11 10 12 Figure 1-2 Single numeric and analog display 10 Figure 1- 2 shows the default display mode of two measurement windows. The upper measurement window has a blue highlight on the right hand side of the window showing it has been selected. Using the , , or measurement window.
Introduction 21 20 19 1 18 16 17 Figure 1-3 Full screen numeric display 16 Figure 1- 3 shows a single numeric full screen displaying a relative result. This field displays Rel if relative mode is on. 17 This field indicates the measurement result is beyond the configured upper or lower limit. If the measurement is within the limits this field is empty. If the measurement result is less than the minimum limit set, Undr Lmt is displayed.
1 Introduction NOTE The following trace displays are only available when a P-Series or an E-Series E9320 power sensor is connected. 22 23 Figure 1-4 Trace display in both windows 22 Figure 1- 4 shows both windows configured to trace display mode. This is only available with an P- Series or an E- Series E9320 power sensor is connected. The captured trace, channel, and scaling are displayed. The lower window is the selected window.
Introduction 1 24 25 28 26 27 29 Figure 1-5 Trace display in single enlarged window in markers mode Figure 1- 5 shows a single enlarged window with the Gate Ctrl menu and associated tables and markers. The Gate Control is the default display when using trace display. 24 Pressing Gate scrolls through the 4 gates available for each channel. 25 The markers, 1 and 2, indicate the start and end points of the selected gate. Pressing Marker toggles between the two markers.
1 Introduction 31 32 30 Figure 1-6 Trace display in single enlarged window in trigger delay mode Figure 1- 6 shows a single enlarged window with the Gate Ctrl menu and associated tables and trigger delay. 30 Pressing Select TgDel removes the gate markers and displays the trigger marker(s). The indicates when the trigger event occurs, whilst shows the delayed trigger point. When the two points coincide only the trigger is shown.
Introduction 1 34 33 35 Figure 1-7 Trace display in single enlarged window in trace control mode Figure 1- 7 shows a single enlarged window with the Trace Ctrl menu with information on the pulse and associated X and Y control. 33 This is the X and Y trace setup fields. Using the highlight the item and change its value. or keys you can 34 The current settings of the X and Y scale are displayed in this reporting line.
1 Introduction Window Symbols and Pop-ups There are several different graphic symbols and pop- up windows that can occur on the power meter display.
Introduction 1 Wait Symbol Pop-up The wait symbol is displayed when the power meter is carrying out a procedure and no action is required from you. The symbol appears in a pop- up window. It may appear, for example, during a calibration. Confirm Symbol Pop-up This type of pop- up window is displayed when you are required to press Confirm to verify your previous selection. For example, prior to a Save being carried out.
1 Introduction Text Entry Pop-up This type of pop- up window is displayed when you need to modify alphanumeric data, for example, table names. The up/down arrow keys increment and decrement the alphanumeric digit that the cursor is currently positioned. The left/right arrow keys move the cursor to another alphanumeric digit.
Introduction 1 List Pop-up This pop- up window is displayed when you are required to select an entry from a list. Use the up/down arrow keys to highlight your choice. Press select to complete the entry.
1 Introduction Using the Instrument Web Browser P- Series power meters network settings can be configured using its Web- based interface (Web browser). The instrument’s Web browser can be opened from Agilent Connection Expert as shown in Figure 1- 8. NOTE Alternatively, the instrument’s Web- based interface can also be opened directly from a Web browser by entering the instrument’s IP address or hostname in the browser’s ‘address’ window.
Introduction 1 An example of the Web browser is shown in “N1912A P- Series power meter Web browser (Welcome Page)” on page 23. Figure 1-9 N1912A P-Series power meter Web browser (Welcome Page) Instrument on the network can be physically identified through the Status message on Remote Interfaces screen by clicking Toggle ID within the Web browser. This changes the status of the Instrument ID to ON or OFF. Before the instrument identification starts, press to view the Status message.
1 Introduction Figure 1-10 Status message before Toggle ID is selected. Status message “LAN identity start” to blink 3 times when Toggle ID is selected. Figure 1-11 Status message when Toggle ID is selected. When power meter is configured to LAN, the Lan Status on Remote Interfaces screen will show the LAN error condition and status of the LAN configuration connection. There are six types of Lan Status messages that may occur. See Table 1- 1. See also Figure 1- 12 for the example of Lan Status message.
Introduction 1 Table 1-1 Type of Lan Status message. Type of message Description Lan: No Fault • A valid IP address is successfully obtained using selected LAN configuration and the network state is initialized.
1 Introduction Editing the Instrument’s LAN Settings Once communication path to the instrument has been established, the instrument’s LAN configuration can be viewed and modified using the Web browser. On the Welcome Page, click View and Modify Configuration. This opens the configuration window shown in Figure 1- 13. Figure 1-13 Viewing LAN configuration settings from the Web interface. To edit parameters shown, click Modify Configuration. The Enter Password dialog box appears as shown in Figure 1- 14.
Introduction 1 Figure 1-14 Password security dialog box. Click the Submit (accept the default password) and the window opens as shown in Figure 1- 15. The default password is “agilent”. NOTE For P-Series power meters with latest firmware upgrade to be LXI-C compliant, a LAN reset needs to be performed to ensure that the password is reset to default. See LAN reset procedure as below. Procedure: 1 Press , Remote Interfaces to display the Remote Interfaces screen.
1 Introduction Figure 1-15 Changing the instrument LAN interface configuration 28 N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide
N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 2 General Power Meter Functions Setting the Units of Measurement 30 Setting the Measurement Frequency 32 Setting the Resolution 33 Making Relative Measurements 34 Setting the Pulse Reference Levels 36 Setting Offsets 39 Setting Measurement Averaging 49 Step Detection 51 Setting the Video Averaging 52 Setting the Video Bandwidth 54 Setting Measurement Channel Gates 57 Setting up the Channel Trace 62 Setting the Trigger 66 Setting External Trigger for Normal an
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting the Units of Measurement The Units menu is used to select the measurement units for the currently selected window. These can either be logarithmic (dBm or dB) or linear (Watt or %) units. Presetting ( ) the power meter sets the measurement units to dBm (logarithmic units). Table 2- 2 and Table 2- 3 show units that are applicable to each measurement mode. Press , Units . Select the unit of measurement from dBm , W , dB , and % .
General Power Meter Functions 2 Selecting Units of Measurement from the Softkeys In some menus, for example, units in the Trace Setup menu, you are required to enter the units of measurement for power. In some cases, due to the availability of wide power range, the following menu is displayed: mW µW nW W Increment Multiplier 2 of 2 Decrement Multiplier Cancel Pressing Increment Multiplier or Decrement Multiplier increases or decreases the multiplier shown in front of W .
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting the Measurement Frequency Entering the frequency of the RF signal you are measuring optimizes the accuracy and minimizes measurement uncertainty, especially when making comparative measurements between signals. Procedure Set the measurement frequency as follows: 1 Press 2 Use the . On dual channel meters select the required channel. and keys to highlight the Frequency value field and press to display the Frequency pop- up.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Setting the Resolution The resolution of each of the power meter’s numeric type windows can be set to four different levels (1, 2, 3 or 4). These four levels represent: • 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 dB respectively if the measurement suffix is dBm or dB. • 1, 2, 3 or 4 significant digits respectively if the measurement suffix is W or %. The default value is 0.01 dB (3 digits). To set the resolution on the currently selected window: 1 Press the Resolution .
2 General Power Meter Functions Making Relative Measurements Relative mode enables comparison of a measurement result to a reference value. The relative reading, or difference, can be displayed in either dB or % terms. When the measurement result is displayed in % a prefix multiplier may be shown. Procedure 1 Press to display the Measurement Setup menu. Figure 2- 17 shows a Measurement Setup display and the relative measurement items labeled.
General Power Meter Functions 6 Press the , 2 , key to highlight the Rel field. 7 Press and the original result value will appear on the right hand side of the Rel check field. 8 The relative value displayed under Result field will change as the measured signal varies. NOTE If you return the power meter to display the numeric display, a Rel symbol will be displayed in the measurement window it is applied to.
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting the Pulse Reference Levels • Press and proceed to the second page of Sys/Inputs menu by pressing the 1 of 2 softkey. • Press Meas Config softkey to display the Measurement Configuration screen. • Press the Channel A B softkey to select the desired channel for a dual channel power meter (N1912A). Figure 2-19 Measurement configuration screen 36 NOTE Trace Ref Lvl 1 and Trace Ref Lvl 2 are used in calculation of transition durations and occurrences.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Trace Ref Lvl 2 = 90% Pulse Duration Ref Lvl = 50% Measured Pulse Duration Trace Ref Lvl 1 = 10% Figure 2-20 Pulse duration measurement between two reference levels 1 Use the and keys to highlight the Trace Ref Lvl 1 field. 2 Press to display the Trace Ref Lvl 1 pop- up, and use the numeric keypad to enter the intended value in the Trace Ref Lvl 1 pop- up window. Figure 2-21 Trace Ref Lvl 1 pop-up 3 Complete the entry by pressing the % softkey.
2 General Power Meter Functions 5 Press to display the Trace Ref Lvl 2 pop- up, and use the numeric keypad to enter the intended value in the Trace Ref Lvl 2 pop- up window. Figure 2-22 Trace Ref Lvl 2 pop-up 6 Complete the entry by pressing the % softkey. 7 Use the and keys to highlight the Pulse Duration Ref Lvl field. 8 Press to display the Pulse Duration Ref Lvl pop- up, and use the numeric keypad to enter the intended value in the Pulse Duration Ref Lvl pop- up.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Setting Offsets The power meter can be configured to compensate for a signal loss or gain in your test setup. The power meter allows you to apply offsets at three different points in the measurement path.
2 General Power Meter Functions Procedure To enter a channel offset: 1 Press to display the Channel Setup screen. Confirm the channel requiring setup is displayed. 2 Press Offsets to display the Offsets Setup. 3 Use the 4 Press and keys to highlight the Offset setting field. to check the Offset setting field. Offset Setting Field Offset Value Field Figure 2-25 Typical channel offset display 5 Press to highlight the Offset value field and press to display the Offset pop- up.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Offset Indicator Figure 2-26 Channel offset indicator NOTE The Ofs symbol is not displayed when the associated measurement is displayed in Dual Numeric or Analog format. Setting Display Offsets This gain or loss is applied to the measured power after any channel offsets or mathematical functions have been included. Offsets are entered in dB and the range of values is –100 dB to +100 dB.
2 General Power Meter Functions Selected Window/ Measurement Offset Setting Field Offset Value Field Figure 2-27 Typical display offset display 5 Press to highlight the Offset value field and press to display the Display Offset pop- up. Use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Offset pop- up window. 6 Confirm your choice by pressing dB . Press the offset entry. NOTE key to complete The Ofs indicator is displayed if Display Offset is selected.
General Power Meter Functions 2 To use frequency dependent offset tables: 1 Select the table to be applied to a channel. Refer to “Setting Frequency Dependent Offsets” on page 42 for further information. If you require to edit the table refer to “Editing Frequency Dependent Offset Tables” on page 45 for further information. 2 If using an 8480 Series, N8480 Series or an E- Series sensor, zero and calibrate the power meter.
2 General Power Meter Functions Procedure Select an offset table as follows: 1 Press, either: , Tables , Freq. Dep. Offset . a. , Offsets and use the b. Table setting field and press and keys to highlight the FDO to display the table. Figure 2-28 Frequency dependent offset tables display 2 Use the and keys to highlight one of the 10 table titles and press Table to highlight On . NOTE When no data is contained in the highlighted table, the Table key is disabled (grayed out).
General Power Meter Functions 2 Offset Table A Selected Figure 2-29 Frequency dependent offset indicator 5 To change the frequency, press highlight the Frequency field. and use the and keys to 6 Press to display the Frequency pop- up window. Use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Frequency pop- up window. 7 To confirm your choice, press the appropriate unit softkey. 8 Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured.
2 General Power Meter Functions To view the frequency dependent offset tables currently stored in the power meter, press , Tables , Freq. Dep. Offset . The Frequency Dependent Offset Tables screen is displayed as shown in Figure 2- 28.
General Power Meter Functions 3 Highlight the table title using the use and 2 keys. Press Change and the , , and keys to select and change the characters in the Table Name pop- up to create the name you want to use. Figure 2-31 Edit table title pop-up • Pressing Insert Char adds a new character to the right of the selected character. • Pressing Delete Char removes the selected character. 4 Press Enter to complete the entry.
2 General Power Meter Functions Enter (or edit) the frequency and offset pairs as follows: 1 Press Insert to add a new frequency value (or press Change to edit). Use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Frequency pop- up window. Complete the entry by pressing the GHz , MHz keys. 2 Enter the new offset value (or press Change to edit). Use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Offset pop- up window. Complete the entry by pressing the % key.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Setting Measurement Averaging The power meter uses a digital filter to average power readings. The number of readings averaged can range from 1 to 1024. This filter is used to reduce noise, obtain the desired resolution and to reduce the jitter in the measurement results. Increasing the value of the measurement average reduces measurement noise. However, the measurement time is increased.
2 General Power Meter Functions Resolution is a measurement display function and not a channel function. In the case where a channel is set up in both the upper and lower window and the resolution settings are different, the highest resolution setting is taken to calculate the averaging number. These four resolution levels represent: • 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 dB respectively if the measurement suffix is dBm or dB. • 1, 2, 3 or 4 significant digits respectively if the measurement suffix is W or %.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Step Detection To reduce the filter settling time after a significant step in the measured power the filter can be set to re- initialize upon detection of a step increase or decrease in the measured power. Step detection can be set in both manual and automatic measurement average modes. Procedure Set step detection as follows: 1 Press 2 Use the . On dual channel meters select the required channel. and keys to select the Step Detect setting field.
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting the Video Averaging NOTE This feature is only available when a P-Series or an E-Series E9320 power sensor is connected. Video averaging uses a digital filter to average repetitions of a triggered signal. The number of acquisitions averaged can range from 1 to 256, in multiples of 2n. With video averaging the average of a number of acquisitions is calculated to smooth the displayed trace and reduce apparent noise.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Figure 2-34 Video Avg Count pop-up 6 Use the and press 7 Press keys to highlight the required Video Avg Count value and . key to close the Channel Setup screen.
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting the Video Bandwidth NOTE This feature is only available when a P-Series or an E-Series E9320 power sensor is connected. Selecting a bandwidth value close to or slightly greater than required by the modulating signal bandwidth can help reduce noise and improve accuracy on peak measurements (see Table 2- 4). It can however, reduce the processing speed for long acquisition times. Table 2-4 P-Series Sensor Video Bandwidth Setting Low: Medium: High: Off 5.
General Power Meter Functions Amplitude 2 P-Series Sensors 0 –3.5 dB Approx 5 MHz 15 MHz 30 MHz Frequency Meter B/W Low Setting Med High Off Figure 2-35 Bandwidth filter shapes When video bandwidth is set to Off, it removes all digital signal conditioning.
2 General Power Meter Functions Figure 2-36 Video bandwidth pop-up 4 Use the and press 5 Press 56 keys to highlight the required Video Bandwidth setting and . key to close the Channel Setup screen.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Setting Measurement Channel Gates NOTE This feature is only available when a P-Series or an E-Series E9320 power sensor is connected. A system of gates, controlled by and referenced to a trigger point, is used to obtain measurement data from a captured trace. The trace data within each gate period is subsequently used for the individual measurement calculations. Up to 4 gates can be set up for each channel.
2 General Power Meter Functions NOTE Figure 2-37 shows measurement results using this example of the gates placement. Procedure NOTE This procedure uses the Gates Setup under the Channel Setup menu. Alternatively, you can use a more visual method, when in the Graphical Trace Mode (Gate Control Menu), to set the channel’s Gate Control. (See “Setting the Trace Display” on page 118). • Press Gates Setup . The Channel Gate Setup screen is displayed.
General Power Meter Functions 2 2 Press and use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Time Gating Start pop- up window. Figure 2-39 Time Gating Start pop-up 3 Complete the entry by pressing the required second, millisecond, microsecond or nanosecond ( s , ms , us or ns ) softkey. 4 Highlight the Gate Length you want to configure using the and , , , keys.
2 General Power Meter Functions • To change the Auto Gate setup: 1 Press Auto Gate Settings softkey. Figure 2-41 Auto Gate Settings display NOTE Auto Gate Settings enables the placing of markers (gates) at different positions. 2 Press Gate 1 Ref 1 0.0% softkey. The Marker 1 Ref Percentage pop- up is displayed. Figure 2-42 Marker 1 Ref Percentage pop-up 3 Use the numeric keys to complete the entry and press % softkey. 4 Press Gate 1 Ref 2 0.0% softkey.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Figure 2-43 Marker 2 Ref Percentage pop-up 5 Use the numeric keys to complete the entry and press % softkey. Ref 1 x PD Ref 2 x PD Pulse Duration (PD) Figure 2-44 The placement of gates (markers) in Auto Gating mode NOTE Enabling the Perpetual Off On softkey allows the gates to be repositioned automatically according to the changes of pulse duration.
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting up the Channel Trace NOTE This feature is only available when a P-Series or an E-Series E9320 power sensor is connected. NOTE The Trace Setup is the only location where you can change the Y-axis units from dBm to Watts. Procedure NOTE This procedure uses the Trace Setup under the Channel Setup menu. Alternatively, you can use a more visual method, when in the Graphical Trace Mode (Trace Control Menu), to set the channel’s Trace Control.
General Power Meter Functions 2 3 Press to display the Trace Start Time pop- up and use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Trace Start Time pop- up window. Figure 2-46 Trace Start Time pop-up 4 Complete the entry by pressing the required second, millisecond, microsecond or nanosecond ( s , ms , us or ns ) softkey. 5 Use the 6 Press keys to highlight the X Scale field. and to display the X Scale/Division pop- up. a.
2 General Power Meter Functions 8 Use the keys to highlight the Units field. and If you want to view the trace in linear scale, use this field. Otherwise the default scale is in logarithmic. 9 Press to display the Units pop- up, and use the highlight Watt or dBm. and to Figure 2-48 Trace Units pop-up 10 Press 11 Use the to complete the entry. keys to highlight the Y Max field.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Figure 2-50 Y Scale/Division pop-up 16 Complete the entry by pressing the dB or the linear value. 17 Press key to complete the setup and display the measurements results. Auto Scale Auto Scale automatically configures the window’s X- axis and Y- axis to best display the input trace. 1 Press Trace Control softkey under Gate Ctrl menu. 2 Auto Scale softkey is pressed to accomplish auto scaling. NOTE This feature will work reliably with well behaved pulses.
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting the Trigger NOTE This feature is only available when a P-Series power sensor is connected. The trigger can be taken from a rising or falling measured power level or controlled externally using the Ext Trig input. Additional control features such as; hold- off, hysteresis, and delay are provided to help you achieve a stable and reliable trigger. To use the measurement gates, the power meter must be triggered. • Press . The Trigger menu is displayed.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Procedure 1 Press Acqn softkey to configure a trigger. 2 Select either Sing Trig or Cont Trig . • Sing Trig is a single shot mode. After triggering, the measurement is halted, the symbol is displayed. You can start another measurement by pressing the key. • Cont Trig is a continuos trigger mode. The symbol displayed. or is 3 Press Settings to configure the remaining trigger parameters. The trigger Settings menu have two pages.
2 General Power Meter Functions NOTE For N1912A, by pressing Source , you can choose your source through the three different softkeys: Ext , Ch.A , and Ch.B . Mode The Mode key is only available when trigger Source Int is selected. To change the setting press Mode and choose Norm or AutoLvl . The current setting is displayed below the label. When Norm is selected you can choose the RF power level transition used as the trigger.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Figure 2-54 Trigger Delay pop-up Complete the entry by pressing the required second, millisecond, microsecond or nanosecond ( s , ms , us or ns ) softkey. NOTE The trigger delay time can also be entered or changed in the Trace Display mode when the Gate Control menu is displayed. See “Setting the Trace Display” on page 118 for further detail. Press 1 of 2 to display the second menu page.
2 General Power Meter Functions The current setting is displayed below the Slope label and the or symbol is displayed in single numeric display mode. + (and ) is used to generate the trigger from an increasing power level. Similarly, – (and ) is used to generate the trigger from a decreasing power level. To change the setting, press Slope to highlight + or – as required. Slope Holdoff The current setting is displayed below the Holdoff label.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Falling Edge When a falling power transition triggers the power meter, the triggering system is disabled. The power meter does not trigger again if another falling power transition is presented. The triggering system is rearmed only when the input power rises above a level equal to the trigger level plus the configured hysteresis value.
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting External Trigger for Normal and Average Power Measurement There are two modes featured in peak and average power measurement • Power sweep mode • Frequency sweep mode These modes are used to eliminate the need for lengthy test routines, while increasing measurement throughput by reducing overhead of communication with the controller. The sweep feature allows you to make power measurement by quickly stepping through a series of frequencies or power levels.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Table 2- 6 shows the available measurement functions during normal and average mode when in power or frequency sweep.
2 General Power Meter Functions (optional connection) TRIG IN TRIG IN TRIG OUT TRIG OUT Power Source Power Meter Power Sensor Figure 2-58 TRIG IN and TRIG OUT connection diagram between power meter and power source. 3 Press . The Channel Setup screen displays as below. Figure 2-59 Channel Setup display NOTE 74 When 8480 Series, N8480 Series, E-Series E4410 or E-Series E9300 sensor is connected, Sensor Mode is set to AVG only by default.
General Power Meter Functions NOTE 2 When E-Series E9320 or P-Series N1920 sensor is connected, the default sensor mode is Normal. User can use this Normal mode to perform power or frequency sweep, or change the mode to AVG only to perform power or frequency sweep. Refer Table 2-6 on the differences in measurement functions supported under these two modes. To change the sensor mode from the default Normal mode to AVG only mode, follow the instructions below: • Press .
2 General Power Meter Functions 7 Press Settings to configure the remaining trigger parameters. The trigger Settings menu consists of two pages. Figure 2- 61 shows page 1 and Figure 2- 62 shows page 2. External Trigger Source Figure 2-61 Trigger setting menu 1 of 2 Figure 2-62 Trigger setting menu 2 of 2 8 Press Source and Ext will be automatically enabled.
General Power Meter Functions NOTE 2 In both power sweep and frequency sweep mode, the meter TRIG OUT to power source TRIG IN connection is optional. If this connection was not setup previously, you need to setup the proper Dwell time. You may choose to setup the Dwell time in the power source step setting to cater the maximum settling time required by the power meter. However, to achieve maximum speed in power sweep, this setup is recommended.
2 General Power Meter Functions 17 Poll the status of the power meter by sending *ESR?. *ESR? will return a 1 when buffering is completed. Use FETCh? to retrieve all the buffered measurement. Example of SCPI commands set Refer to the following SCPI commands for normal and average mode in power sweep measurement. NOTE Refer to the P-Series Power Meters Programming Guide for the commands usage details. Normal mode This feature is applicable for E9320 and N1920 Series power sensor when connected.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Average mode This feature is applicable for 8480 Series, N8480 Series, E- Series E4410, E- Series E9300, E- Series E9320 or P- Series N1920 sensor when connected. Below are examples of SCPI commands when used in average mode. Send the SCPI commands below to meter using remote interface.
2 General Power Meter Functions Frequency Sweep Mode Frequency sweep is generally used in a frequency response calibration system where the amplitude is fixed, and the frequency of the power source signal is swept. This mode can be used to determine the frequency response of a device under test. NOTE This feature is only available when N8480 Series, E-Series E4410, E-Series E9300, E-Series E9320 or P-Series N1920 sensor is connected. Procedures 1 Connect sensor to a power source.
General Power Meter Functions NOTE 2 When E-Series E9320 or P-Series N1920 sensor is connected, the default sensor mode is Normal. User can use this Normal mode to perform power or frequency sweep, or change the mode to AVG only to perform power or frequency sweep. Refer Table 2-6 on the differences in measurement functions supported under these two modes. To change the sensor mode from the default Normal mode to AVG only mode, follow the instructions below: • Press .
2 General Power Meter Functions 10 Press or to setup measurement settings such as measurement averaging, measurement frequency, offsets, duty cycle and so forth. Refer to “General Power Meter Functions” on page 29 for the setup procedures. 11 Set the frequency range and step by sending the below commands to meter using remote interface.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Example of SCPI commands set Refer to the following SCPI commands set for normal mode and average mode in frequency sweep measurement. NOTE Refer to the P-Series Power Meters Programming Guide for the commands usage details. Normal mode This feature is applicable for E9320 and N1920 Series power sensor when connected. Below are examples of SCPI commands when used in normal mode. Send the SCPI commands below to meter using remote interface.
2 General Power Meter Functions Average mode This feature is applicable for 8480 Series, N8480 Series, E- Series E4410, E- Series E9300, E- Series E9320 or P- Series N1920 sensor when connected. Below are examples of SCPI commands when used in average mode. Send the SCPI commands below to meter using remote interface.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Determine the Right Step to be Set Number of frequency step can be calculated by using equation below: Step = fstop – fstart + Interval Interval where, Step = Number of frequency step fstart = Frequency sweep’s start point fstop = Frequency sweep’s stop point Interval = Frequency step size Example When fstart = 1 GHz and fstop = 5 GHz with given interval of 0.5 GHz, the Step should be set to Step = fstop – fstart + Interval Interval = 5 GHz – 1 GHz + 0.5 GHz 0.
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting Measurement Limits You can configure the power meter to detect when a measurement has crossed over a predefined upper and/or lower limit value. Limits are boundaries set for a certain power range and it can be applied to power, ratio or difference measurement. Power Meter Swept Source Device Under Test OUT OUT Figure 2-63 Limits checking applications In this application a swept frequency signal is applied to the input of the Device Under Test.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Setting Limits The power meter can be configured to verify the current measurement in any measurement line against predefined upper and/or lower limit values. The range of values that can be set for the upper and lower limits and the default values depends on the measurement units in the currently selected measurement line (see Table 2- 7).
2 General Power Meter Functions 5 Press to display the Minimum Limit pop- up. Figure 2-65 Minimum limit pop-up 6 Use the numeric keys to enter the required value and press dBm . 7 Use the 8 Press key to highlight the Maximum Limits: value field. to display the Maximum Limit pop- up. 9 Use the numeric keys to enter the required value and press dBm . 10 Press NOTE 88 key to close the Measurement Setup screen. The Limits can be disabled and re-enabled by checking the Limits: setting field.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Checking for Limit Failures Limit failures are displayed in the appropriate field in the measurement window on the power meter’s display as shown in Figure 2- 66. This measurement has failed as the result is greater than the set limit level. This measurement has failed as the result is less than the set limit level.
2 General Power Meter Functions Setting the Measurement Display Using the gate settings, up to four measurements or a combination of measurements can be shown on the display. Any of the 4 measurement display lines can show any of the measurement results from any of the 4 gates, allowing you complete control of the displayed information. The power meter cannot display all 16 (or 32) measurements simultaneously.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Measurement Feeds (single or combined) Peak Gate 1 Single Feed 1 Average Feed 1-Feed 2 Pk-to-Avg Feed 2 Combined Min Gate 2 Average Pk-to-Avg Min Peak Gate 3 Average Pk-to-Avg Min 16/32 Measurement Highway Peak Feed 1/Feed 2 Peak Gate 4 Single Feed 1 Feed 1-Feed 2 Feed 2 Combined Feed 1/Feed 2 Single Feed 1 Feed 1-Feed 2 Feed 2 Combined Feed 1/Feed 2 Single Feed 1 Average Pk-to-Avg Feed 1-Feed 2 Feed 2 Combined Min Feed 1/Feed 2 Figure 2-6
2 General Power Meter Functions • Press , Meas Select to select the measurement window or measurement line you want to configure. Selected Window/ Measurement Gate Field Function Field Measurement Field Figure 2-69 Measurement Setup showing single configuration Single Function Measurement Figure 2- 69 shows Gate 1 with an average measurement assigned in the upper measurement line of the lower window.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Press to display the Function pop- up, and use the to highlight Single. 2 and Figure 2-70 Function pop-up 3 Press 4 Use the 5 Press and to complete the entry. , , , , to highlight the measurement type field. to display the Feed Measurement pop- up, and use the in assign a measurement type. Figure 2-71 Measurement type pop-up 6 Press 7 Use the to complete the entry. , , , N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide , to highlight the Gate field.
2 General Power Meter Functions 8 Press to display the Gate Number pop- up, and use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Gate Number pop- up window. Figure 2-72 Gating Number pop-up 9 Press Enter to complete the entry. 10 Repeat this process until you have setup all the required gates and measurements. 11 Press results.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Combined Measurement Figure 2- 73 shows a Combined Measurement configuration; Channel A, gate 1 peak power minus gate 3 peak power, to be displayed in the lower measurement line of the lower display window. (For single channel power meter (N1911A), the Channel field will be disabled, as shown in Figure 2- 73).
2 General Power Meter Functions 5 Press to display the Feed Measurement pop- up (see Figure 2- 71) and use the 6 Press 7 Use the and in assign a measurement type. to complete the entry. , , , , to highlight the Gate field. 8 Press to display the Gate Number pop- up, see Figure 2- 72, and use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Gate Number pop- up window. 9 Press Enter to complete the entry. 10 Repeat this process until you have setup all the required gates and measurements.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Scaling the Analog Display NOTE Ensure you have highlighted an Analog window. Use the , , or keys to select the analog measurement window. Press dBm , mW , uW , or nW , to complete the entry. Configure a measurement displayed in Analog 1 Press format as follows: , Anlg Mtr Scaling to display the Analog Scaling softkeys. The Max and Min scale values are shown on the analog display and adjacent to the softkey labels.
2 General Power Meter Functions Tip If you have selected linear scaling for the analog measurement and the units you require are beyond the range of the displayed menu, an additional menu is available. When the pop- up is displayed, you can press 1 of 2 to access the increment/decrement multiplier menu. Press these keys to select the units required Figure 2-77 Increment and decrement multiplier Use the Increment Multiplier or Decrement Multiplier units.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Recorder Output The rear panel Recorder Output connectors (1 and 2) produce a dc voltage that corresponds to the power level in Watts of the channel depending on the measurement mode. This dc voltage ranges from 0 to +1 Vdc. The output impedance is typically 1 kΩ. Channel and display offsets, and duty cycle have no effect on the Recorder Outputs.
2 General Power Meter Functions 4 Use the and keys to highlight the option you require. • The N1911A has only two options, On or Off. • The N1912A have three options: 1, 2 or Off. 5 Press 6 Use the 7 Press . key to highlight the Recorder Minimum: value field. to display the Recorder Minimum pop- up. Figure 2-78 Recorder Minimum pop-up 8 Use the numeric keys to enter the power level you want to generate a 1 Vdc output in the Recorder Maximum pop- up and press dBm .
General Power Meter Functions 2 11 Use the numeric keys to enter the power level you want to generate a 0 Vdc output in the Recorder Minimum pop- up and press dBm . 12 Press key to close the Measurement Setup screen. NOTE The recorder output can be disabled and re-enabled by checking the Rec o/p: setting field. NOTE The highest power you are going to measure is used to determine the value which you should set for the Recorder Output maximum setting.
2 General Power Meter Functions Tip If you have selected linear scaling for the recorder output and the units you require are beyond the range of the displayed menu, an additional menu is available. When the pop- up is displayed, you can press 1 of 2 to access the increment/decrement multiplier menu. Press these keys to select the units required Figure 2-80 Increment and decrement multiplier Use the Increment Multiplier or Decrement Multiplier to display the required units.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Figure 2-81 Measurement example for Option H02 Measurement example for Option H02 For this example, N1912A P- Series power sensors, MXG N5182A signal generator, and Infiniium 54832D oscilloscope will be used. 1 Connect the power sensor input to the RF input of the signal generator. 2 Connect the video output of the power meter (Option H02) to the channel 1 of the oscilloscope with a BNC cable. 3 Generate an RF Multitone waveform from the signal generator.
2 General Power Meter Functions Saving and Recalling Power Meter States To reduce repeated setup sequences, you can save a maximum of ten power meter states in the non- volatile memory. The save/recall functions are part of the Sys/Inputs menu, accessed by pressing the NOTE key. Your power meter has measurement configurations suitable for common wireless communication and radar (pulse) formats already saved as Instrument Presets. These require P-Series or E-Series E9320 power sensors.
General Power Meter Functions 2 3 The power meter prompts you to press Confirm to proceed. Figure 2-84 Save confirm pop-up Editing a Register’s Name 1 If you have not already done so, press 2 Use the and , Save/Recall . keys to select the required register and press Edit Name . The selected name is displayed in a pop- up window. Modify this as required: Figure 2-85 File name pop-up 3 Use and keys to modify the character on which the cursor is currently positioned.
2 General Power Meter Functions Recalling a Measurement Setup 1 Press 2 Use the Recall . , Save/Recall . and keys to select the required register and press The Recall key is disabled (grayed out) when an unused register is selected. Figure 2-86 Recall pop-up 3 Press Confirm .
General Power Meter Functions 2 Zeroing and Calibrating the P-Series Sensor This section describes how to zero and calibrate the power meter when using a P- Series wideband power sensor. Zeroing Zeroing adjusts the power meter for a zero power reading on each power meter channel and P- Series sensor combination. This is achieved without removing it from a power source. The power meter can be set to automatically zero on- the- fly while you are using it.
2 General Power Meter Functions • Press , 1 of 2 and toggle the Auto Zero A to On. The Zeroing pop- up is displayed when a zero occurs. NOTE When you are performing measurements, this may cause delays in obtaining results. During this time, it is recommended to disable the automatic zeroing. Manual Zeroing To manually zero the power meter and sensor: • Press and the channel Zero softkey. The Zeroing pop- up is displayed.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Offset and relative settings are ignored during calibration. Manual Calibration To manually calibrate the power meter and sensor combination: and the channel Cal softkey to start the calibration 1 Press routine. The Calibrating pop- up is then displayed. NOTE For N1912A, you calibrate each channel independently by pressing the Cal softkey by choosing Cal A or Cal B .
2 General Power Meter Functions Zero/Cal Lockout The Zero/Cal Lockout facility can help you make sure that a measurement cannot be made until the power meter and sensor combination has been zeroed and calibrated. When the Zero/Cal Lockout facility is enabled and a sensor is initially connected, the message Please Zero and Cal is displayed. Figure 2-89 Please zero and calibrate window When you zero the sensor the message changes to Please Cal.
General Power Meter Functions 2 Presetting the Power Meter This section details the power meter’s preset conditions. Press the to display the preset options as shown in Figure 2- 90. Figure 2-90 Preset display options The remote addresses, the data stored in the sensor calibration tables, the calibration table selected, and the zeroing and calibration data are not affected by a preset. For presetting with E- Series E9320 power sensors, refer to Table 2- 9.
2 General Power Meter Functions Table 2-9 Preset compatibility matrix for E-Series E9320 power sensor NOTE 112 Preset Compatible E-Series E9320 Sensors GSM900 E9321A/E9322A/E9323A/E9325A/E9326A/E9327A EDGE E9321A/E9322A/E9323A/E9325A/E9326A/E9327A NADC Bluetooth E9321A/E9322A/E9323A/E9325A/E9326A/E9327A E9322A/E9323A/E9326A/E9327A cdmaOne E9322A/E9323A/E9326A/E9327A W-CDMA E9323A/E9327A cdma2000 E9323A/E9327A iDEN E9321A/E9322A/E9323A/E9325A/E9326A/E9327A Radar E9321A/E9322A/E9323A/E93
General Power Meter Functions 2 Setting the Cable Short/Long When connecting the power sensor with any Agilent power sensor cable with length of 10 m (32 ft) and above, you are required to change the cable setting from Short (default setting) to Long, or an error will occur when the power sensor is connected. Short This is the default setting and for sensor cable length less than or equal to 10 m (32 ft). Long This setting is for sensor cable length more than 10 m (32 ft).
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N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 3 Using P-Series Power Sensor Introduction 116 Configuring a Power Measurement 117 Setting the Trace Display 118 This chapter describes how to use your P-Series power sensors (N1921A, N1922A, N1923A[1], N1924A[1]) with your P-Series power meters. [1] The N1923/24A power sensors can be used with the P-Series power meters but there will be some compromise on the rise/fall time measurement capability.
3 Using P-Series Power Sensor Introduction The P- Series wideband power sensor’s mode of operation is optimized to measure the peak and average power of pulsed or modulated signals with a wide bandwidth. The power meter automatically recognizes a P- Series wideband power sensor when it is connected. The sensor’s calibration data, characterizing the sensor output versus input power, frequency and temperature, is automatically read by the power meter.
Using P-Series Power Sensor 3 Configuring a Power Measurement While the P- Series power meter may at first seem complex, configuring a measurement and displaying the results can be quickly achieved. You can configure the required measurements using the data entry from the channel setup gate and trace menus.
3 Using P-Series Power Sensor Setting the Trace Display The P- Series power meter is optimized to operate in the trace display mode when measuring a pulsed signal. The swiftest method to get the power meter into a trace display is described in the following procedure: NOTE The procedure assumes you are starting from a default preset.
Using P-Series Power Sensor 3 Step 1. Connecting the Power Sensor When you initially connect a P- Series wideband power sensor to the power meter, the sensor’s calibration data is automatically read by the power meter. After the sensor’s data is read, the power meter automatically performs a zero and calibration, see “Zeroing and Calibrating the P- Series Sensor” on page 107 for further information. Connect the sensor to the power source. Step 2. Setting the Channel Frequency • Press .
3 Using P-Series Power Sensor Step 3. Setting the Trigger To use the measurement gates the power meter must be triggered. A trigger can be taken from a rising or falling measured power level or controlled externally using the Ext Trig input. • Press . The Trigger menu is displayed. The trigger status is displayed below the Acqn label in the Trigger menu. Press the Acqn softkey and select Cont Trig to configure continuous triggering.
Using P-Series Power Sensor 3 • Use the , , or keys to select a measurement window. Choose the type of display you require from the menu. Step 5. Expanding the Trace Display Expanding the trace to display a Single Enlarged Window provides a more detailed visual representation of the signal of interest and display of the measured results. Figure 3- 94 is an example of this display. This display type also provides a visual method of setting up the gate, trigger delay, and trace controls.
3 Using P-Series Power Sensor NOTE If the bandwidth of a modulated signal is unknown, you may discover that during the set up process, a power sensor of lesser or greater bandwidth is required. After you have completed this initial set up, you can, if required, return to the following setup to improve your measurement results: • The Channel Setup to configure any averaging and offsets. • The Trigger setup to configure any additional setting there.
Using P-Series Power Sensor 3 Select Pressing Select Mrks Tgdel displays the gate markers or trigger markers. When Mrks is selected, Markers 1 and 2 indicate the start and end points of the selected measurement gate. Pressing Marker toggles between the two markers, the highlighted marker is the currently active Markers marker. Use the the display.
3 Using P-Series Power Sensor trigger is shown. The configured value is displayed below the Trig Delay softkey. This value is shown in Figure 3- 96. To indicate an off- screen trigger event, off- screen trigger point, is displayed. NOTE is displayed. To indicate an Your chosen trigger point is used as the reference point for the timing of all the measurement gates. Trig Delay The trigger delay value is shown below the Trig Delay softkey.
Using P-Series Power Sensor 3 Gate 2 Active Rising Edge Falling Edge Trace Setting Duty Cycle Pulse Width Pulse Repetitive Frequency Pulse Period Figure 3-97 Trace display with trace control menu The fields on the lower left of the screen are the X and Y trace setup fields. Using the or value.
3 Using P-Series Power Sensor Viewing the Results in a Full Screen Window Use the key to display the trace in a full screen window display. This provides a better resolution on the display. You can press Trace Meas or Gate Meas to display the results as set in Single Enlarged Window mode. The current settings of the X and Y scale are displayed on the reporting line above the results. You need to toggle the displayed.
Using P-Series Power Sensor 3 Improving the Accuracy with Additional Settings You can now return to the setup menus and adjust the default setting to obtain greater measurement accuracy. Channel Setup • Press . The Channel Setup screen is displayed. If using an N1912A, select the channel you want to configure. Figure 3-99 P-Series power sensor default channel setup NOTE For E-Series E9320 power sensors range settings, only UPPER and LOWER ranges are available in Normal and Triggered mode.
3 Using P-Series Power Sensor • Video B/W: “Setting the Video Bandwidth” on page 54 Setting Offsets Press Offsets . The Offsets Setup screen is displayed. Figure 3-100Channel offset display Use the , , , and keys to highlight any parameters you want to change. Press to configure the required settings. For further detail on setting these, refer to the appropriate section.
Using P-Series Power Sensor 3 the Trigger,” starting on page 66 for further information. Measurement Setup . The Measurement Setup menu is displayed. Press Use the , , , and keys to highlight the setting field and press to configure the setting. When you have configured the measurements gates, you can assign the measurement feed and display the results in numeric formats. For example, dual numeric display with Gate 1 peak measurement minus Gate 3 peak measurement.
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N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Introduction 132 Power Meter Configuration 134 Configuring a Peak Power Measurement 135 Measurement Accuracy 136 Setting the Trace Display 138 This chapter describes how to use your E9320 E-Series power sensors with P-Series power meter.
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Introduction The E9320 E- Series power sensors have dual modes of operation. • The normal mode is optimized for a wider bandwidth but with reduced dynamic range. The instantaneous power of an RF signal can be detected with, depending on the sensor type, up to 5 Mhz of video bandwidth (modulation bandwidth). Use this mode to measure the peak and average power of pulsed or modulated signals. • The average- only mode is optimized for high accuracy and wide dynamic range.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors NOTE 4 Maximum dynamic range is related to the maximum sensor bandwidth. Please refer to the documentation supplied with your E-Series E9320 power sensor for specification information. Figure 4- 101 shows the filter shapes associated with the E9323A and E9327A power sensors Amplitude E9323A and E9327A sensors 0 –3.5 dB Approx 300 kHz 1.
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Power Meter Configuration The P Series power meters automatically recognize an E- Series E9320 power sensor when it is connected. The sensor calibration data, characterizing the sensor output versus input power, frequency, and temperature, is automatically read by the power meter. Default Channel Setup When an E- Series E9320 power sensor is connected the following Channel Setup is automatically configured.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors 4 Configuring a Peak Power Measurement While the P- Series power meter may at first seem complex, configuring a measurement and displaying the results are quickly achieved using trace markers or by following a step- by- step process of numeric data entry. Before configuring the measurements, you should have some information about the signal you want to measure.
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Measurement Accuracy Power sensors have small errors in their response over frequency. The response of each sensor is measured during manufacture (and during periodic calibration). With E- Series power sensors, the resulting frequency compensation information is written into Electrically Eraseable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM). This allows the frequency and calibration data to be downloaded to the power meter automatically.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors NOTE 4 You can reduce the steps required to carry out the zero and calibration procedure as follows: 1 Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. 2 Press Zero + Cal and Zero + Cal , Zero + Cal A . (For dual channel meters, press or Zero + Cal B as required). Now set the frequency of the signal you want to measure. The power meter automatically selects the appropriate calibration factor. 5 Press 6 Use the . On dual channel meters select the required channel.
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Setting the Trace Display The P- Series power meter is optimized to operate in the trace display mode when measuring a pulsed signal. The swiftest method to get the power meter into a trace display is described in the following procedure: NOTE The procedure assumes you are starting from a default preset.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors 4 Step 1. Connecting the Power Sensor When you initially connect an E- Series E9320 power sensor to the power meter, the sensor’s calibration data is automatically read by the power meter. After every power cycle, the E9320 must perform zero and calibration as the P- Series power meters do not retain the states and settings upon power cycle (warm start feature). Connect the sensor to the power source. Step 2. Setting the Channel Frequency • Press .
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Figure 4-104 E-Series E9320 power sensor channel setup when trigger is selected Step 4. Setting the Display to Trace Using trace display provides a visual representation of the signal of interest. • Press , Disp Type , Trace to display the Trace the highlighted window. Figure 4-105Trace display in dual channel power meter • Use the , , or keys to select a measurement window. Choose the type of display you require from the menu.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors 4 Step 5. Expanding the Trace Display Expanding the trace to display a Single Enlarged Window provides a more detailed visual representation of the signal of interest and display of the measured results. Figure 4- 106 is an example of this display. This display type also provides a visual method of setting up the gate, trigger delay, and trace controls.
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors NOTE If the bandwidth of a modulated signal is unknown, you may discover that during the set up process, a power sensor of lesser or greater bandwidth is required. After you have completed this initial set up, you can, if required, return to the following setup to improve your measurement results: • The Channel Setup to configure any averaging and offsets. • The Trigger setup to configure any additional setting there.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors 4 Select Pressing Select Mrks Tgdel displays the gate markers or trigger markers. When Mrks is selected, Markers 1 and 2 indicate the start and end points of the selected measurement gate. Pressing Marker toggles between the two markers, the highlighted marker is the currently active Markers marker. Use the the display.
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors The configured value is displayed below the Trig Delay softkey. This value is shown in Figure 4- 108. To indicate an off- screen trigger event, off- screen trigger point, is displayed. NOTE is displayed. To indicate an Your chosen trigger point is used as the reference point for the timing of all the measurement gates. Trig Delay The trigger delay value is shown below the Trig Delay softkey.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors 4 Gate 2 Active Rising Edge Falling Edge Trace Setting Duty Cycle Pulse Width Pulse Period Pulse Repetitive Frequency Figure 4-109Trace display with trace control menu The fields on the lower left of the screen are the X and Y trace setup fields. Using the or keys you can highlight the item and change its value.
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Gate Control Press Gate Control to display the Gate Ctrl menu. Setting the gate features are described in greater details in “Gate Control in a Single Enlarged Window” on page 142”. Viewing the Results in a Full Screen Window Use the key to display the trace in a full screen window display. This provides a better resolution on the display. You can press Trace Meas or Gate Meas to display the results as set in Single Enlarged Window mode.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors 4 Improving the Accuracy with Additional Settings You can now return to the setup menus and adjust the default setting to obtain greater measurement accuracy. Channel Setup • Press . The Channel Setup screen is displayed. If using an N1912A, select the channel you want to configure. Figure 4-111E-Series E9320 power sensor dafault channel setup NOTE For range settings, only UPPER and LOWER ranges are available in Normal and Triggered mode.
4 Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors Setting Offsets Press Offsets . The Offsets Setup screen is displayed. Figure 4-112Channel offset display Use the , , , and keys to highlight any parameters you want to change. Press to configure the required settings. For further detail on setting these, refer to the appropriate section. • Offset: “Setting Channel Offsets” on page 39 • FDO Table: “Setting Frequency Dependent Offsets” on page 42 Trigger Setup Press . The Trigger menu is displayed.
Using E9320 E-Series Power Sensors 4 Measurement Setup . The Measurement Setup menu is displayed. Press Use the , , , and keys to highlight the setting field and press to configure the setting. When you have configured the measurements gates, you can assign the measurement feed and display the results in numeric formats. For example, dual numeric display with Gate 1 peak measurement minus Gate 3 peak measurement. Also, from this menu you can add offsets and measurement limits.
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N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 5 Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors Introduction 152 Power Meter Configuration 153 Measurement Accuracy 155 Measuring Spread Spectrum and Multitone Signals 157 Measuring TDMA Signals 160 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Measurements 162 Measurement Accuracy and Speed 163 This chapter describes how to use your E9300 E-Series power sensors with P-Series power meter.
5 Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors Introduction The E9300 E- Series power sensors are true average, wide dynamic range RF microwave power sensors. They are based on a dual sensor diode pair/attenuator/diode pair. This technique ensures the diodes in the selected signal path are kept in their square law region, thus the output current (and voltage) is proportional to the input power.
Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors 5 Power Meter Configuration Lower Range E9300/1/4A E9300/1H E9300/1B 10 dBm 20 dBm 40 dBm 2 dBm 12 dBm 32 dBm -4 dBm 6 dBm 26 dBm -10 dBm 0 dBm 20 dBm -20 dBm -10 dBm 10 dBm -30 dBm -20 dBm 0 dBm -40 dBm -30 dBm -10 dBm -50 dBm -40 dBm -20 dBm Maximum Sensor Power 1 Resolution Setting 2 3 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 16 1 1 8 32 1 4 16 128 1 16 64 128 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 16 1 2 16 64 4 16 128 256 32 64 256 256 Number
5 Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors Default Channel Setup When an E- Series E9300 power sensor is connected the following Channel Setup is automatically configured. Carrying out a Preset returns the power meter to this configuration.
Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors 5 Measurement Accuracy Power sensors have small errors in their response over frequency. The response of each sensor is measured during manufacture to determine correction factors. With E- Series power sensors, correction factors are held in Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) and are downloaded to the power meter automatically. Using calibration factors enables improved measurement accuracy.
5 Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors 4 Press and the channel Cal softkey to start the calibration routine. The Calibrating pop- up is then displayed. NOTE You can reduce the steps required to carry out the zero and calibration procedure as follows: 1 Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. 2 Press Zero + Cal and Zero + Cal , Zero + Cal A . (For dual channel meters, press or Zero + Cal B as required). Now set the frequency of the signal you want to measure.
Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors 5 Measuring Spread Spectrum and Multitone Signals To achieve high data transfer rates within a given bandwidth, many transmission schemes are based around phase and amplitude (I and Q) modulation. These include CDMA, W- CDMA and digital television. The signals are characterized by their appearance on a spectrum analyzer display — a high amplitude noise- like signal of bandwidths up to 20 MHz. An 8 MHz bandwidth digital television signal is shown in Figure 5- 116.
5 Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors CDMA Signal Measurements Figure 5- 117 and Figure 5- 118 show typical results obtained when measuring a CDMA signal. In these examples, the error is determined by measuring the source at the amplitude of interest, with and without CDMA modulation, adding attenuation until the difference between the two values stops changing. The CW sensor in Figure 5- 117 uses correction factors to correct for power levels beyond its square law operating region. 1.
Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors 5 Multitone Signal Measurements In addition to wide dynamic range, the E9300 E- Series power sensors also have an exceptionally flat calibration factor versus frequency response as shown in Figure 5- 119. This is ideal for amplifier intermodulation distortion measurements where the components of the two- tone or multitone test signal can be separated by hundreds of MHz.
5 Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors Measuring TDMA Signals Power Meter and Sensor Operation The voltages generated by the diode detectors in the power sensor can be very small. Gain and signal conditioning are required to allow accurate measurement. This is achieved using a 440 Hz square wave output from the power meter to drive a chopper- amplifier in the power sensor.
Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors 5 press 5 to display the Meas Avg Count pop- up. 6 Use the numeric keys to enter the required value. 7 Press Enter to complete the entry. NOTE You should also ensure the filter is not reset when a step increase or decrease in power is detected by switching the step detection off. Procedure Switch off step detection as follows: 1 Press . On dual channel meters, select the required channel.
5 Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Measurements The low frequency range of the E9304A make it the ideal choice for making EMC measurements to CISPR (Comite International Special Perturbations Radioelectriques) requirements, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) test applications such as the radiated immunity test (IEC61000- 4- 3). DC coupling of the E9304A input allows excellent low frequency coverage.
Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors 5 Measurement Accuracy and Speed The power meter has no internal ranges. The only ranges you can set are those of the E9300 E- Series power sensors (and other Agilent Technologies E- Series power sensors). With an E- Series E9300 power sensor the range can be set either automatically or manually. Use autoranging when you are not sure of the power level you are about to measure.
5 Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors Procedure Set the range as follows: 1 Press . On dual channel meters, select the required channel. 2 Use the and 3 Press to display the Range pop- up. 4 Use the and 5 Press to complete the entry. keys to select the Range: setting field. keys to select the required setting. Measurement Considerations While autoranging is a good starting point, it is not ideal for all measurements.
Using E9300 E-Series Power Sensors 5 Accuracy The value of –12 dBm lies in the lower range of the E- Series E9300 power sensor. In autoranging mode (“AUTO”), the power meter determines the average power level is below –10 dBm and selects the low power path. However, the peak amplitude of –6 dBm is beyond the specified, square law response range of the low power path diodes.The high power path (–10 dBm to +20 dBm) should be used to ensure a more accurate measurement of this signal.
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N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 6 Using E4410 E-Series Power Sensors Introduction 168 Power Meter Configuration 169 Measurement Accuracy 171 This chapter describes how to use your E4410 E-Series power sensors with P-Series power meter.
6 Using E4410 E-Series Power Sensors Introduction The E4410 E- Series power sensors are diode based power sensors. They are intended for the measurement of CW microwave power levels in a wide dynamic range from –70 dBm to +20 dBm (100 pW to 100 mW). These are high- speed power sensors, and do not incorporate narrow- bandwidth averaging used in average- power sensors. Signals with digital, pulse, or other forms of amplitude modulation may introduce measurement errors.
Using E4410 E-Series Power Sensors 6 Power Meter Configuration The P- Series power meters automatically recognize an E- Series E4410 power sensor when it is connected. The sensor calibration data is automatically read by the power meter. Also, the power meter automatically configures the averaging as shown in Figure 6- 120.
6 Using E4410 E-Series Power Sensors Default Channel Setup When an E- Series E4410 power sensor is connected the following Channel Setup is automatically configured. Carrying out a Preset returns the channel to this configuration.
Using E4410 E-Series Power Sensors 6 Measurement Accuracy Power sensors have small errors in their response over frequency. The response of each sensor is measured during manufacture (and during periodic calibration). With E- Series power sensors, the resulting frequency compensation information is written into Electrically Eraseable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM). This allows the frequency and calibration data to be downloaded to the power meter automatically.
6 Using E4410 E-Series Power Sensors NOTE You can reduce the steps required to carry out the zero and calibration procedure as follows: 1 Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. 2 Press Zero + Cal and Zero + Cal , Zero + Cal A . (For dual channel meters, press or Zero + Cal B as required). Now set the frequency of the signal you want to measure. The power meter automatically selects the appropriate calibration factor. 5 Press 6 Use the . On dual channel meters select the required channel.
N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Introduction 174 Power Meter Configuration 175 Measurement Accuracy 179 Frequency Specific Calibration Factors 180 Sensor Calibration Tables 184 This chapter describes how to use your 8480 Series power sensors with P-Series power meter.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Introduction The 8480 Series offers a wide range of both thermocouple and diode based power sensors. Many have very specific applications, for example the 110GHz W8486A or the +44 dBm 8482B. However, they do not have their calibration factors stored in EEPROM, unlike all E- Series, and require that you use default calibration tables or manually enter the required correction factors. Likewise, they cannot be used to make peak or time gated measurements.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 Power Meter Configuration The P- Series power meters automatically recognize an 8480 Series power sensor when it is connected. The averaging settings shown in Figure 7- 123 are automatically configured.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Default Channel Setup Figure 7- 124 shows the Channel Setup configured automatically. Presetting returns the power meter to this configuration.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 8480 Series Sensors Connection Requirements Table 7-12 8480 Series connection requirements Sensor Connection Requirements 8481A 8481H 8482A 8482H These power sensors connect directly to the POWER REF. 8481D 8484A Prior to calibration, an Agilent 11708A 30 dB reference attenuator should be connected between the power sensor and the POWER REF. Remove this attenuator from the power sensor input before making measurements.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Sensor 178 Connection Requirements 8487A This sensor requires an APC 2.4 (f) to 50 Ω (m) N-Type adapter (08487-60001) to connect to the POWER REF. Remove this adapter before making measurements. 8487D Prior to calibration, an Agilent 11708A 30 dB reference attenuator and an APC 2.4 (f) to 50 Ω (m) N-Type adapter (08487-60001) should be connected between the power sensor and the Power Ref. Remove this adapter before making measurements.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 Measurement Accuracy Power sensors have small errors in their response over frequency. The response of each sensor is measured during manufacture (and during periodic calibration) and the resulting frequency compensation information is supplied in the form of calibration factors. Using calibration factors enables you to achieve improved measurement accuracy.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Frequency Specific Calibration Factors This section shows you how to make a measurement using the calibration factor for the frequency of the signal you want to measure. TIP This method is best suited to making several measurements at one frequency as you need only enter a small amount of data. Using this method requires the following steps: 1 Zero and calibrate the power meter/sensor combination.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 Figure 7-125Reference Calibration Factor pop-up window 5 Press % to complete the entry. Now zero and calibrate the power meter/sensor combination as follows: 6 Press displayed. and the channel Zero softkey. The Zeroing pop- up is 7 Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. 8 Press and the channel Cal softkey to start the calibration routine. The Calibrating pop- up is then displayed.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Does this setting match the value for the sensor? (The power sensor reference calibration factor can normally be found above the calibration factors table on the power sensor body.) 10 To change the settings, use the and keys to highlight the Cal Fac value field and press to display the Cal Factor pop- up. Use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Cal Factor pop- up window. Figure 7-126Calibration factor pop-up window 11 Press % to complete the entry.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 Example To make a measurement on channel A with a power sensor which has a reference calibration factor of 99.8% and a calibration factor of 97.6% at the measurement frequency. • Disconnect the power sensor from any signal source. • Press , REF CFs and the channel REF CF softkey. • Use the numeric keypad to enter 99.8 in the Ref Cal Factor pop- up window. • Press % to complete the entry. • Press displayed. and the channel Zero softkey.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Sensor Calibration Tables This section describes how to use sensor calibration tables. Sensor calibration tables store the measurement calibration factors, for a power sensor model or for a specific power sensor, in the power meter. They are used to correct measurement results. Use sensor calibration tables when you want to make power measurements over a range of frequencies using one or more power sensors.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 Procedure First select the table for the sensor you are using as follows: 1 Press 2 Use the , Tables , Sensor Cal Tables . and keys to highlight one of the 20 table titles and press Table to highlight On . Figure 7-128Sensor table selected NOTE When no data is contained in the highlighted table, the Table key is disabled (grayed out). 3 Press Done to complete the selection of the calibration factor table. 4 Press Done again to display the measurement screen.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 5 To change the frequency, press highlight the Frequency field. and use the and keys to 6 Press to display the Frequency pop- up window. Use the numeric keypad to enter the required value in the Frequency pop- up window. 7 To confirm your choice, press the appropriate unit softkey. 8 Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured. 9 The corrected measurement result is now displayed.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 Editing/Generating Sensor Calibration Tables To help achieve the best accuracy in your measurement you can enter the values supplied for the sensors you are using by editing the installed sensor calibration tables or by generating your own custom tables. You cannot delete any of the 20 existing calibration tables or create any additional tables. However, you can edit or delete the content of each table.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors Editing frequency dependent offset tables requires the following steps: 1 Identify and select the table you want to edit 2 Rename the table 3 Enter the frequency and offset pairs 4 Save the table Procedure First select the table you want to edit as follows: 1 Press screen. , Tables , Sensor Cal Tables to display the Sensor Tbls Figure 7-131“Sensor Tbls” screen 2 Choose the table you want to edit using the Edit Table 188 and keys.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 Figure 7-132“Edit Cal” display 3 Highlight the table title using the use and keys. Press Change and the , , and keys to select and change the characters in the Table Name pop- up to create the name you want to use. Figure 7-133Edit table title pop-up • Pressing Insert Char adds a new character to the right of the selected character. • Pressing Delete Char N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide removes the selected character.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 4 Press Enter to complete the entry. NOTE A calibration factor in the range of 1 % to 150 % can be entered. The following rules apply to naming sensor calibration tables: • The name must consist of no more than 12 characters. • All characters must be upper or lower case alphabetic characters, or numeric (0-9), or an underscore (_). • No other characters are allowed. • No spaces are allowed in the name.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 7 Pre-installed Calibration Table Contents The following lists detail the contents of the installed sensor calibration tables. RCF 0.1 MHz 110 GHz RCF 50 MHz 100 MHz 2 GHz 3 GHz 4 GHz 5 GHz 6 GHz 7 GHz 8 GHz 9 GHz 10 GHz 11 GHz 12.4 GHz 13 GHz 14 GHz 15 GHz 16 GHz 17 GHz 18 GHz RCF 0.1 MHz 0.3 MHz 1 MHz 3 MHz 10 MHz 30 MHz 100 MHz 300 MHz 1 GHz 2 GHz 3 GHz DEFAULT 100 100 100 Agilent 8481A 100 100 99.8 99 98.6 98 97.7 97.4 97.1 96.6 96.2 95.4 94.9 94.3 94.3 93.2 93 93 92.
7 Using 8480 Series Power Sensors 4.2 GHz 91 Agilent R8486A 100 100 94.9 94.9 95.4 94.3 94.1 93.5 93.7 93.7 94.9 94.5 94.4 93.7 94.9 93.5 93.9 92.3 Agilent 8485A RCF 100 50 MHz 100 2 GHz 99.5 4 GHz 98.9 6 GHz 98.5 8 GHz 98.3 10 GHz 98.1 11 GHz 97.8 12 GHz 97.6 12.4 GHz 97.6 14 GHz 97.4 16 GHz 97 RCF 50 MHz 26.5 GHz 27 GHz 28 GHz 29 GHz 30 GHz 31 GHz 32 GHz 33 GHz 34 GHz 34.5 GHz 35 GHz 36 GHz 37 GHz 38 GHz 39 GHz 40 GHz 192 Agilent N8485A continued 17 GHz 96.7 18 GHz 96.6 19 GHz 96 20 GHz 96.
Using 8480 Series Power Sensors RCF 50 MHz 100 MHz 500 MHz 1 GHz 2 GHz 3 GHz 4 GHz 5 GHz 6 GHz 7 GHz 8 GHz 9 GHz 10 GHz 11 GHz 12 GHz 13 GHz 14 GHz 15 GHz 16 GHz 17 GHz 18 GHz 19 GHz 20 GHz 21 GHz 22 GHz 23 GHz 24 GHz 25 GHz 26 GHz 27 GHz 28 GHz 29 GHz 30 GHz 31 GHz 32 GHz 33 GHz 34 GHz Agilent 8487A 100 100 99.9 98.6 99.8 99.5 98.9 98.8 98.6 98.5 98.4 98.3 98.3 98.3 98.1 97.9 98 98.2 97.7 96.8 97 96.3 95.9 95.2 95.6 95.5 95.4 95 95.4 95.2 95.1 95 94.4 94 93.7 93.8 93 93.
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N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Introduction 196 Power Meter Configuration Changes 198 Default Channel Setup 199 N8480 Series Sensors Connection Requirements 200 N8480 Series Power Sensors (excluding Option CFT) 201 N8480 Series Power Sensors with Option CFT 203 This chapter describes how to use your N8480 Series power sensors with P-Series power meter.
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Introduction The N8480 Series power sensors is a replacement for the 8480 Series power sensors (excluding the D- model sensors) with build- in Electrically Erasable Programmable Read- Only Memory (EEPROM)1. The N8480 Series power sensors is used for measuring the average power supplied by RF or microwave source or a device- under- test (DUT). The N8480 Series power sensors places a 50 ohm load on the RF or microwave source.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors 8 Option CFT, and require that you use default calibration tables or manually enter the required correction factors. Likewise, they cannot be used to make peak or time gated measurements.
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Power Meter Configuration Changes The Agilent P- Series power meter recognizes when an Agilent N8480 Series power sensor is connected. The N8480 Series power sensors (excluding Option CFT) sensor calibration data is automatically read by the power meter. In addition, the auto- averaging settings shown in Figure 8- 134 are automatically configured.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors 8 Default Channel Setup When a N8480 Series power sensor is connected, the following Channel Setup is automatically configured. carrying out a Preset returns the channel to this configuration.
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors N8480 Series Sensors Connection Requirements Table 8-15 N8480 Series connection requirements Sensor N8481A N8481H N8482A N8482H These power sensors connect directly to the POWER REF. N8481B N8482B These power sensors are configured with an attenuator. Prior to calibration this attenuator must be removed. Replace the attenuator before making measurements. N8485A This power sensor requires an APC 3.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors 8 N8480 Series Power Sensors (excluding Option CFT) Power sensors have small errors in their response over frequency. The response of each sensor is measured during manufacture (and during periodic calibration). With N8480 Series power sensors (excluding Option CFT), the resulting frequency compensation information is written into Electrically Eraseable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM).
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors NOTE You can reduce the steps required to carry out the zero and calibration procedure as follows: 1 Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. 2 Press Zero + Cal and Zero + Cal , Zero + Cal A . (For dual channel meters, press or Zero + Cal B as required). Now set the frequency of the signal you want to measure. The power meter automatically selects the appropriate calibration factor. 6 Press 7 Use the . On dual channel meters select the required channel.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors 8 N8480 Series Power Sensors with Option CFT Power sensors have small errors in their response over frequency. The response of each sensor is measured during manufacture (and during periodic calibration). The calibration factor table written into Electrically Eraseable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) is not applicable for N8480 Series power sensors with Option CFT.
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Procedure 1 Ensure the power sensor is disconnected from any signal source. 2 Refer to the connection requirements in Table 8- 15 and ensure the sensor is ready for connection to the Power Reference. 3 Check the current reference calibration factor setting by pressing , REF CFs . The value is displayed under the channel Ref CF softkey.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors NOTE 8 You can reduce the steps required to carry out the zero and calibration procedure as follows: 1 Connect the power sensor to the POWER REF output. 2 Press Zero + Cal and Zero + Cal , Zero + Cal A . (For dual channel meters, press or Zero + Cal B as required). Now set the sensor calibration factor for the frequency of the signal you want to measure. 9 Check the current reference calibration factor setting by pressing , Offset .
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Calibration Factor Figure 8-140Calibration factor displayed Example To make a measurement on channel A with a power sensor which has a reference calibration factor of 99.8% and a calibration factor of 97.6% at the measurement frequency. • Disconnect the power sensor from any signal source. • Press , REF CFs and the channel REF CF softkey. • Use the numeric keypad to enter 99.8 in the Ref Cal Factor pop- up window. • Press % to complete the entry. • Press displayed.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors 8 • Use the and keys to highlight the Cal Fac value field and press to display the Cal Factor pop- up. Use the numeric keypad to enter 97.6 in the Cal Factor pop- up window. • Press % to complete the entry. • Connect the power sensor to the signal to be measured. • The corrected measurement result is displayed.
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Sensor Calibration Tables This section describes how to use sensor calibration tables. Sensor calibration tables store the measurement calibration factors, for a power sensor model or for a specific power sensor, in the power meter. They are used to correct measurement results. Use sensor calibration tables when you want to make power measurements over a range of frequencies using one or more power sensors.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors 8 Selecting a Sensor Calibration Table You can select a calibration factor table from the followed by Tables and Sensor Cal Table . key menu The State column indicates if any calibration factor tables are currently selected. The Sensor Tbls screen is shown in Figure 8- 141. NOTE You can also view which sensor table is being used by pressing the and , Offset use the and keys to highlight the CF Table setting field and press to display the table.
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors NOTE When no data is contained in the highlighted table, the Table key is disabled (grayed out). 3 Press Done to complete the selection of the calibration factor table. 4 Press Done again to display the measurement screen. Figure 8- 142 shows which offset table is selected. Sensor Table 2 Selected Figure 8-142Frequency dependent offset indicator 5 To change the frequency, press highlight the Frequency field.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors NOTE 8 When Single Numeric display mode is chosen, the frequency you entered and the sensor table identifier is displayed in the upper window. Also, pressing , Offset displays the frequency you entered and calibration factor for each channel derived from the selected sensor tables.
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Editing/Generating Sensor Calibration Tables NOTE Predefined sensor calbration factor table stored in power meter is not applicable for Agilent N8480 Series power sensors with Option CFT. Therefore, users are required to create a new sensor calibration table for the sensors when a sensor calibration table is needed.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors 2 8 The Agilent 8482B and Agilent 8482H power sensors use the same data as the Agilent 8482A. There are also ten sensor calibration tables named CUSTOM_0 through CUSTOM_9. These tables do not contain any data when the power meter is shipped from the factory.
8 Using N8480 Series Power Sensors Figure 8-145“Edit Cal” display 3 Highlight the table title using the use and keys. Press Change and the , , and keys to select and change the characters in the Table Name pop- up to create the name you want to use. Figure 8-146Edit table title pop-up • Pressing Insert Char adds a new character to the right of the selected character. • Pressing Delete Char 214 removes the selected character.
Using N8480 Series Power Sensors 8 4 Press Enter to complete the entry. NOTE A calibration factor in the range of 1 % to 150 % can be entered. The following rules apply to naming sensor calibration tables: • The name must consist of no more than 12 characters. • All characters must be upper or lower case alphabetic characters, or numeric (0-9), or an underscore (_). • No other characters are allowed. • No spaces are allowed in the name.
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N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 9 Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) Introduction 218 Setting the CCDF Table 219 This chapter describes the CCDF feature of the P-Series power meter.
9 CCDF Introduction Many of the present digitally modulated signals now look noise- like in the time and frequency domains. This means that statistical measurements of the signals can be a useful characterization. Power Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) curves characterize the higher level power statistics of a digitally modulated signal. The curves can be useful in determining design parameters for digital communication systems.
CCDF 9 Setting the CCDF Table To view the CCDF table, press , Disp Type , 1 of 2 , and CCDF Table . In the CCDF table, you can view the data in 3 ways - windowed, expanded and full screen. The CCDF table is shown in windowed format by default. However you can press NOTE once for expanded format and twice for full- screen. CCDF is only allowed in Free Run mode, it cannot be used in Triggered mode. CCDF is only applicable to P-Series wideband power sensors (N192xA family).
9 CCDF Expanded CCDF Table Press once for an expanded view of the CCDF table. Figure 9-148CCDF table in expanded display In expanded format, you are allowed to query the power (dB) and the probability (%) based on your input. You can also vary the sample count of the CCDF table. To set the sample count, press Statistical Settings then Counts 100.0M . You can also set the mode to single or continuous.
CCDF NOTE 9 Statistical Settings can also be accessed in Marker Ctrl menu. Full Screen CCDF Table Press twice for a full- screen view of the CCDF table.
9 CCDF Setting the CCDF Trace The CCDF Trace display allows you to view the CCDF traces for Channel A, Channel B, Gaussian and Reference. You can read the data by moving the markers on the trace. In addition, the difference between markers on Channel A, Channel B, Gaussian and Reference traces can be observed. To view the CCDF trace, press , Disp Type and CCDF Trace . Step 1: Display the Trace • Press Trace Control , Trace Display and select the trace that you wish to display.
CCDF 9 Step 2: Setting the Marker By using the marker, you can retrieve the data in between the limits of the X- axis that have been set. • Return to Marker Ctrl menu. • Press Marker Trace . • Press and to select Marker 1 or Marker 2. • Press Chan A , Chan B , Gaussian , or Reference to select the trace that you wish the marker to be placed on. NOTE Selected marker will have a green line outlining either Row 1 or Row 2.
9 CCDF While the marker is moving along the trace, the power (dB) and the probability (%) will be reflected at the lower left corner as shown in Figure 9- 151. Row 1 shows the reading for Marker 1 while row 2 shows the reading for Marker 2. The lower right corner shows the delta reading for Marker 2- Marker 1, average measurement, peak measurement and the peak- to- average ratio for the respective channel that you have selected.
CCDF 9 Figure 9-152Scale/Div pop-up Step 4: Store the Trace for Reference • The function of Store to Reference is to save the trace of either Channel A or Channel B into the volatile memory of the power meter. • Press Reference under the Trace Display menu to retrieve the stored trace.
9 CCDF Figure 9-153Selection of CCDF trace to be stored as a reference trace 226 N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide
N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 10 Maintenance Self Test 228 Error Messages 232 Operator Maintenance 243 Contacting Agilent Technologies 245 Erasing Memory Data 248 Returning Your Power Meter for Service 249 Agilent Sales and Service Offices 251 This chapter describes the built in tests, error messages and general maintenance.
10 Maintenance Self Test The power meter has two self test modes: • Power on self test - occurs automatically when you turn on the power meter. • Troubleshooting mode - accessed via the front panel or remotely. The front panel softkey menu allows you to run individual tests, whereas the remote command runs a complete series of tests as listed in“Remote Testing” on page 230.
Maintenance 10 Instrument Self Test If Self Test is selected, the following tests are run: (These are the same tests which are run using the *TST? command.) • Test Point Voltages • Calibrator • Fan • Battery • Channel Peak Path • Channel CW Path • Channel DAP Check As each test takes place, the name of the test is listed on the screen. While a test is running, the message Testing... appears beside the name of the test. As each stage of the test is completed, the Testing...
10 Maintenance Remote Testing To invoke the remote self test, the IEEE 488.1 compliant standard command, *TST? is used. This command runs a full self test and returns one of the following codes: • 0 - no tests failed • 1 - one or more tests failed The remote self test consists of the following tests: The communications assembly is tested implicitly, in that the command will not be accepted or return a result unless the remote interface is functioning correctly.
Maintenance 10 and measured internally. A pass or fail result is returned. Display Three tests are available for the display: the display assembly, display RAM and bitmap display. A read/write is performed on the display RAM. If the value which is written is read back correctly, a pass is recorded, otherwise a fail is recorded. The liquid crystal display/ light emitting diode (LCD/LED) control circuits are tested by making separate voltage measurements via the multiplexer and digital signal processor.
10 Maintenance Error Messages Introduction This section contains information about error messages. It explains how to read the power meter’s error queue and lists all error messages and their probable causes. When there is a hardware related problem, for example, a power sensor overload, the error message is displayed on the status line at the top of the display. In addition, the errors are also written to the error queue.
Maintenance 10 To read the error queue from the remote interface use: • the SYSTem:ERRor? command. Error queue messages have the following format: Error Number , “ Error Description ; Device Dependent Info ” Error Queue Message For example, –330, “Self- test Failed;Battery Fault”. Errors are retrieved in a first in first out (FIFO) order. If more than 30 errors occur, the error queue overflows and the last error in the queue is replaced with error –350, “Queue Overflow”.
10 Maintenance Error Message List –101 Invalid character An invalid character was found in the command string. You may have inserted a character such as #, $, or % in the command header or within a parameter. For example, LIM:LOW O#. –102 Syntax error Invalid syntax was found in the command string. For example, LIM:CLE:AUTO, 1 or LIM:CLE: AUTO 1. –103 Invalid separator An invalid separator was found in the command string.
Maintenance –113 10 Undefined header A command was received that is not valid for this power meter. You may have misspelled the command, it may not be a valid command or you may have the wrong interface selected. If you are using the short form of the command, remember that it may contain up to four letters. For example, TRIG:SOUR IMM. –121 Invalid character in number An invalid character was found in the number specified for a parameter value. For example, SENS:AVER:COUN 128#H.
10 Maintenance –148 Character data not allowed A discrete parameter was received but a character string or a numeric parameter was expected. Check the list of parameters to verify that you have used a valid parameter type. For example, MEM:CLE CUSTOM_1. –151 Invalid string data An invalid string was received. Check to see if you have enclosed the character string in single or double quotes. For example, MEM:CLE “CUSTOM_1.
Maintenance –213 10 Init ignored Indicates that a request for a measurement initiation was ignored as the power meter was already initiated. For example, INIT:CONT ON INIT. –214 Trigger deadlock TRIG:SOUR was set to HOLD or BUS and a READ? or MEASure? was attempted, expecting TRIG:SOUR to be set to IMMediate. –220 Parameter error;Frequency list must be in ascending order. Indicates that the frequencies entered using the MEMory:TABLe:FREQuency command are not in ascending order.
10 Maintenance –230 Data corrupt or stale This occurs when a FETC? is attempted and either a reset has been received or the power meter state has changed such that the current measurement is invalidated (for example, a change of frequency setting or triggering conditions).
Maintenance –231 10 Data questionable;CAL ERROR Power meter calibration failed. The most likely cause is attempting to calibrate without applying a 1 mW power to the power sensor. –231 Data questionable;CAL ERROR ChA Power meter calibration failed on Channel A. The most likely cause is attempting to calibrate without applying a 1 mW power to the power sensor. –231 Data questionable;CAL ERROR ChB Power meter calibration failed on Channel B.
10 Maintenance –231 Data questionable;ZERO ERROR ChB Power meter zeroing failed on Channel B. The most likely cause is attempting to zero when some power signal is being applied to the power sensor. –241 Hardware missing The power meter is unable to execute the command because either no power sensor is connected or it expects an E-series power sensor and one is not connected.
Maintenance –310 10 System error;Sensors connected to both front and rear inputs. You cannot connect two power sensors to the one channel input. In this instance the power meter detects power sensors connected to both it’s front and rear channel inputs. –321 Out of memory The power meter required more memory than was available to run an internal operation. –330 Self-test Failed; The -330, “Self-test Failed” errors indicate that you have a problem with your power meter.
10 Maintenance –362 Framing error in program The serial port receiver has detected a framing error and consequently, data integrity cannot be guaranteed. –363 Input buffer overrun The serial port receiver has been overrun and consequently, data has been lost. –410 Query INTERRUPTED A command was received which sends data to the output buffer, but the output buffer contained data from a previous command (the previous data is not overwritten).
Maintenance 10 Operator Maintenance This section describes how to replace the power line fuse and clean the power meter. If you need additional information about replacing parts or repairing the power meter, refer to the P- Series Power Meter Service Guide. To clean the power meter, disconnect its supply power and wipe with a damp cloth only. The power line fuse is located within the power meter’s fuse holder assembly on the rear panel. For all voltages the power meter uses a 250 V, F3.
10 Maintenance In-line Fuse Spare Fuse Figure 10-156Replacing the fuse 244 N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide
Maintenance 10 Contacting Agilent Technologies This section details what to do if you have a problem with your power meter. If you have a problem with your power meter, first refer to the section “Before calling Agilent Technologies”. This chapter contains a checklist that will help identify some of the most common problems.
10 Maintenance • Check that the line socket has power. • Check that the power meter is plugged into the proper ac power source. • Check that the power meter is switched on. • Check that the line fuse is in working condition. • Check that the other equipment, cables, and connectors are connected properly and operating correctly. • Check the equipment settings in the procedure that was being used when the problem occurred.
Maintenance 10 The serial number label is attached to the rear of each Agilent Technologies instrument. This label has two instrument identification entries. The first provides the instruments serial number and the second provides the identification number for each option built into the instrument. The serial number is divided into two parts: the prefix (two letters and the first four numbers), and the suffix (the last four numbers). • The prefix letters indicate the country of manufacture.
10 Maintenance Erasing Memory Data If you need to erase the P- Series power meter’s memory, for example, before you return it to Agilent Technologies for repair or calibration, of all data stored in it. The memory data erased includes the save/recall states and power on last states. The following procedure explains how to do this. 1. Press the key. 2. Press 1 of 2 . 3. Press Service . 4. Press Secure Erase . 5. If you are sure, press the Confirm key. 6.
Maintenance 10 Returning Your Power Meter for Service Use the information in this section if you need to return your power meter to Agilent Technologies. Packaging the Power Meter for Shipment Use the following steps to package the power meter for shipment to Agilent Technologies for service: • Fill in a blue service tag (available at the end of this guide) and attach it to the power meter. Please be as specific as possible about the nature of the problem.
10 Maintenance • Seal the shipping container securely with strong nylon adhesive tape. • Mark the shipping container “FRAGILE, HANDLE WITH CARE” to ensure careful handling. • Retain copies of all shipping papers.
Maintenance 10 Agilent Sales and Service Offices In any correspondence or telephone conversations, refer to the power meter by its model number and full serial number. With this information, the Agilent representative can quickly determine whether your unit is still within its warranty period. UNITED STATES Agilent Technologies (tel) 1 800 829 4444 CANADA Agilent Technologies Canada Inc.
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N1911A/1912A P-Series Power Meters User’s Guide 11 Specifications and Characteristics Introduction 254 Power Meter Specifications 256 Measurement Characteristics 259 Rear Panel Inputs and Output Connections 262 1 mW Power Reference 263 Environmental Conditions 264 Physical Characteristics 265 Regulatory Information 266 System Specifications and Characteristics 267 This chapter describes the specifications and characteristics of your P-Series power meter.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Introduction This chapter details the P- Series power meters’s specifications and supplemental characteristics. Information contained in this chapter refers to operation with P- Series wideband power sensors.
Specifications and Characteristics 11 • The second group of characteristic types describes 'statistically' the aggregate performance of the population of products. These characteristics describe the expected behavior of the population of products. They do not guarantee the performance of any individual product. No measurement uncertainty value is accounted for in the specification. These specifications are referred to as typical.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Power Meter Specifications Number of Channels • N1911A P- Series power meter, single channel • N1912A P- Series power meter, dual channel Frequency Range • N1921A P- Series wideband power sensor, 50 MHz to 18 GHz • N1922A P- Series wideband power sensor, 50 MHz to 40 GHz Dynamic Range • –35 dBm to +20 dBm (> 500 MHz) • –30 dBm to +20 dBm (50 MHz - 500 MHz) Measurements The following Power measurements are provided with free- run or time gated definition.
Specifications and Characteristics 11 Power Sensors Compatibility P- Series power meters are compatible with all Agilent P- Series wideband power sensors. The P- Series power meters also operates with N8480 Series power sensors and the existing 8480 Series and E- Series (E4410, E9300, and E9320) ranges of power sensors.1 Meter Uncertainty Instrumentation Linearity ±0.8 % Average Power Measurement Accuracy2 • N1921A: ≤± 0.2 dB or ±4.5 % • N1922A: ≤± 0.3 dB or ±6.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Remote Programming Interface: GPIB interface operates to IEEE 488.2 and IEC-625 10/100BaseT Lan Interface USB 2.0 Interface Command Language: SCPI standard interface commands3 GPIB Compatibility: SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP1, DC1, DT1, C0 3 The P-Series power meters are not compatible with the 436A, 437B, or the 438A power meter command sets.
Specifications and Characteristics 11 Measurement Characteristics Trigger Internal Trigger Range: –20 to +20 dBm Resolution: 0.1 dB Level Accuracy: ±0.5 dB Latency:4 160 ns±10 ns Jitter: ≤ 5 ns rms External TTL Trigger Input High: >2.4 V Low: <0.7 V Latency:4 90 ns±10 ns Minimum trigger pulse width: 15 ns Minimum trigger repetition period: 50 ns Impedance: 50 Ω Jitter: ≤ 5 ns rms External TTL Trigger Output Low to High transition on trigger event. High: >2.4 V Low: <0.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Measurement Speed Measurement speed using remote interface ≥ 1500 readings per second Pulse Characteristic These pulse characteristics are only applicable when a P- Series wideband sensor is used. Rise Time and Fall Time ≤ 13 ns5,6 Minimum Pulse Width 50 ns7 Overshoot ≤ 5% Maximum Pulse Repetition Rate 10 MHz8 5 Applies to frequencies >500 MHz (See Figure 11-158). 6 Applies only when Off is selected for video bandwidth.
Specifications and Characteristics 11 % Error 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Signal under test rise time (ns) Figure 11-158Measured rise time percentage error versus signal under test rise time Although the rise time specification is ≤13 ns, this does not mean that the P- Series meter and sensor combination can accurately measure a signal with a known rise time of 13 ns.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Rear Panel Inputs and Output Connections Recorder Output(s):9 Analog 0 to 1 V, 1 kW output impedance, BNC connector GPIB Interfaces allow communication with an external controller USB 2.
Specifications and Characteristics 11 1 mW Power Reference NOTE The 1mW Power Reference is provided for calibration of the E-Series, 8480 Series and the N8480 Series power sensors. The P-Series sensors are automatically calibrated, hence, do not need this power reference for calibration. Power Output: 1.00 mW (0.0 dBm) Factory set to ±0.4 % traceable to the National Physical Laboratories (NPL), UK Accuracy: (over 2-years) ±1.2 % (0 - 55 ºC) ±0.4 % (25 ± 10 ºC) Frequency: 50 MHz nominal SWR: 1.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Environmental Conditions General Complies with the requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC.
Specifications and Characteristics 11 Physical Characteristics Dimensions The following dimensions exclude front and rear panel protrusions: • 88.5 mm H x 212.6 mm W x 348.3 mm D (3.5 in x 8.5 in x 13.7 in) Weight Weight (Net): N1911A: ≤ 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) approximately N1912A: ≤ 3.7 kg (8.1 lb) approximately Weight (Shipping): N1911A: ≤ 7.9 kg (17.4 lb) approximately N1912A: ≤ 8.0 kg (17.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Regulatory Information Electromagnetic Compatibility This product complies with the protection requirements of European Council Directive 89/336/EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). The conformity assessment requirements have been met using the technical construction file route to compliance, using EMC test specifications EN 55011:1991 (Group 1, Class A) and EN 50082- 1:1992.
Specifications and Characteristics 11 System Specifications and Characteristics The video bandwidth in the meter can be set to High, Medium, Low and Off. The video bandwidths stated in the table below are not the 3 dB bandwidths, as the video bandwidths are corrected for optimal flatness (except the Off filter). Refer to Figure 11- 159 for information on the flatness response of the High, Medium, Low and Off filters.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Characteristic Peak Flatness The peak flatness is the flatness of a peak- to- average ratio measurement for various tone- separations for an equal magnitude two- tone RF input. Figure 11- 159 refers to the relative error in peak- to- average ratio measurements as the tone separation is varied. The measurements were performed at –10 dBm with power sensors with 1.5 m cable lengths. 0.5 HIGH 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 Error (dB) MEDIUM OFF ( < 500MHz) OFF ( > 500MHz) -1.
Specifications and Characteristics 11 Noise and Drift Sensor Model Zeroing Zero Set <500 MHz N1921A / N1922A No RF at input Noise per Sample Measurement Noise (Free Run)12 100 nW 2 µW 50 nW > 500 MHz 200 nW 550 nW RF Present Zero Drift11 200 nW 11 Within 1 hour after a zero, at a constant temperature, after 24 hour warm-up of the power meter. This component can be disregarded with Auto-zero mode set to ON.
11 Specifications and Characteristics Effect of time-gating on measurement noise The measurement noise on a time- gated measurement depends on the time gate length. 100 averages are carried out every 1 µs of gate length. The Noise- per- Sample contribution in this mode can approximately be reduced by ÷(gate length / 10 ns) to a limit of 50 nW.
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