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table of contents INTRODUCTION Product & technology Key features Typical applications Product overview 3 3 4 4 INSTALLATION Radar mounting geometry Radar mounting height Selecting a suitable site Radar in normal operation 5 6 6 6 SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW System hardware overview RS422 serial interface Temperature sensor Power supply Radar characteristics 7 8 8 9 10 SOFTWARE FUNCTIONALITY Overview 11 RADAR COMMANDS Radar Commands Radar Command list *TS Command & Hardware self-test *SR Command &
INTRODUCTION PRODUCT & TECHNOLOGY 342 The 342 has been designed specifically to measure the speed and range of passing vehicles for enforcement purposes in multiple lanes. The radar is able to track up to eight target signals in both approaching and receding directions simultaneously. The radar offers fixed and mobile deployment options in conjunction with a host photographic based enforcement system.
INTRODUCTION TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Multiple lane control from fixed infrastructure Multiple lane control from mobile systems PRODUCT OVERVIEW Flange mounting points Power/Test connector Power Low / High LED RS422 Data connector Tripod mounting point 4
INSTALLATION RADAR MOUNTING GEOMETRY The radar is to be installed with the bore of the radar at 22˚ from the direction of travel of the targets in the lanes. It can be installed at a height in the range 1m to 5m with various considerations. When installed, especially if it is placed inside host equipment, it is important that the radar’s radome is not covered or interrupted as this will distort the radar’s beam and/or affect the sensitivity of the radar.
installation RADAR MOUNTING height The radar can be installed at different heights but operation is best in the height range 1m to 3.5m. The radar can be mounted up to a height of 5m but it is important to understand that at these higher mounting heights the vertical cosine will affect the speed reading of the radar to progressively under-read for increasing heights for lanes that are too close to the radar.
SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW Microwave Transceiver Module I Q Vt Transmitter Modulation Control M PLL Co-processor Target Simulator Analogue to Digital Converters I Non Volatile Memory Temperature Sensor Digital Signal Processor RS422 Q Test Connections 7
SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW RS422 Serial Interface A UART interface is provided that uses RS422 voltage levels on the communications connector. The default baud rate for this interface is 115200. This however maybe changed using the *BAUD command to speeds of up to 926000. The *BAUD command must be followed by a *PUS command to store the new value to non-volatile memory. This new value will be used next time the radar reboots. The serial interface default setup during normal operation is shown in table below.
SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW Power supply The radar is powered using a DC voltage in the range of 10 to 16 Volts. This is supplied on the power and test connector. This connector is a Bulgin PXO412/06P mating type PX0410/06S/4550. Reverse polarity protection is included in the design. The radar can take a large current during power up that is of the order of amps which only lasts for ~1ms and as such should not affect most applications.
SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW importAnt Radar Characteristics The radar has been designed to have a specific set of functional characteristics which make it suitable for speed measurements for enforcement applications. Radar Antenna The antenna design is a planar patch array with the following performance; Parameter Specified Notes Horizontal Beam-width 4.
SOFTWARE FUNCTIONALITY Overview The 342 radar uses a real time operating system that continuously samples the input. The radar is continuously performing a number of tasks simultaneously using a time multiplexing method. The main data capture and processing task flow diagram is shown below.
RADAR COMMANDS RADAR Command overview Commands are used to control the operation of the radar. These are sent over the RS422 UART link. Commands are immediately followed by an operator that indicates the required action. Not all operators are supported for all commands. Where an operator is used and it is not supported the radar will respond with a warning message. The table shows the operators that are used by the radar. Operator Operation = Set something to a value e.g.
RADAR COMMANDS RADAR Command List Command Function Units, Resolution or Values *BAUD Used to enquire/set baud rate of radar *BAUD=115200 *BAUD? Programmed baud rate is used the next time the radar is rebooted (Default 115200) Range: 115200 - 921600 *CRC32 Reports the CRC for the currently installed program in the Flash *CRC? Sets the default values for the radar *DEFAULTS! *DEFAULTS *DIR *ESD *FSN *HBP *IQPORT *LS *PUS *REBOOT Used to enquire/set radar direction de
RADAR COMMANDS *TS Command & Hardware Self-Test The radar has a built in hardware based target simulator. This command is used to perform a self-test using this built in target simulation hardware. There are twelve targets that maybe simulated in either receding or approaching directions The format of the command is: *TS=, The target parameters for each target are shown in the table below.
RADAR COMMANDS *TS Command & Hardware Self-Test (CONTINUED) It is recommended that the system uses the following pass/fail criteria for acceptance to specification for a radar self-test. It is also recommended that after power-up of the radar, the host system calls the radar self-test function to simulate at least one approaching and one receding target. When in Bi-Directional mode the radar will report both advancing and receding simulated targets.
RADAR COMMANDS *SR Command & the 50KHz Reference Clock The *SR command is used to enquire about the radars measured sample rate. This is an additional self-test feature to confirm correct operation of the radar to specification. For example *SR? Radar Response #SR?50002.21 There is no pass/fail criteria for the host system for this response as the radar periodically performs this test against pre-set criteria. The radar uses an analogue to digital converter, ADC, to digitise the received signals.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR EVENT MESSAGES Event Start message This message is sent after the radar has established that a vehicle has entered the radar’s beam. The numbers above the boxes in the diagram below indicate how many bytes are used for each field.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR EVENT MESSAGES Event End Message This message is sent once a target has been detected for a significant amount of time. This message can be used by a host system to trigger a camera to capture images for a receding target enforcement system.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR EVENT MESSAGES Event End message format Name Size / Bytes Value STX 1 2 MT 2 ‘EE’ = Event End , 1 ‘,’ Frame Number 8 XXXXXXXX , 1 ‘,’ Target Number 8 XXXXXXXX , 1 ‘,’ Direction 1 ‘A’ = Approaching Target ‘R’ = Receding Target ‘X’ = Simulated approaching target ‘Y’ = Simulated receding target , 1 ‘,’ Speed 5 ‘DDD.D’ , 1 ‘,’ Speed Units 1 ‘M’=MPH ‘K’=km/hr , 1 ‘,’ Target Range 5 ‘DDD.D’ , 1 ‘,’ Distance Travelled in beam 5 ‘DDD.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR EVENT MESSAGES Heart Beat message This message is sent each time the heart period expires. The heart beat message period is controlled using the *HBP command. The heart beat period is measured in frames.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR EVENT MESSAGES Tuning Fork message This message is sent when a tuning fork target has been detected. This message is sent after a event end message is sent.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR EVENT MESSAGES Event Quality message Once an event end message is sent, the measurements relating to the event are analysed. These various elements of the event are reported in the Event Quality Message.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR EVENT MESSAGES Event Quality message format Name Size / Bytes Value STX 1 2 MT 2 ‘QM’ = Quality Message , 1 ‘,’ Frame Number 8 XXXXXXXX , 1 ‘,’ Target Number 8 XXXXXXXX , 1 ‘,’ Direction 1 ‘A’ = Approaching Target ‘R’ = Receding Target ‘X’ = Simulated approaching target ‘Y’ = Simulated receding target Peak Power Speed 5 ‘DDD.D’ , 1 ‘,’ Peak Power Speed Standard Deviation 5 ‘DDD.
MESSAGE FORMATS Radar messages in Normal Operation Example data from radar set in Bi-Directional Mode and the Heartbeat set to 5 seconds. HB,00003560*68 HB,00003930*40 ES,00003B15,00000014,R,029.3,M,017.1*2A EE,00003B87,00000014,R,029.5,M,023.2,009.5,022.0*DE QM,00003B87,00000014,R,029.5,00.93,M,095.1,081,081*84 HB,00003D00*31 HB,000040D0*BE HB,000044A0*26 HB,00004870*D4 ES,00004988,00000015,R,029.1,M,017.4*46 EE,00004A0A,00000015,R,029.7,M,022.2,010.7,022.0*78 QM,00004A0A,00000015,R,029.7,00.67,M,092.
MESSAGE FORMATS Explanatory Notes For Radar Event & Quality Messages The Event Start (ES) message contains both initial target speed and range information. The radar will have tracked the vehicle for a short distance before this message is sent.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR ERROR MESSAGES Operational Error message The operational error message is an unsolicited message used to report degrees of variance of the radar from normal operation.
MESSAGE FORMATS RADAR ERROR MESSAGES Error Number table Error Number Description Response Actions 01 Corruption of User Configuration Data Radar will attempt to restore Factory Default Data configuration set User will need to reset individual configuration variances from default set 02 Corruption of Radar operation will Return radar to AGD for repair and/or Factory Default Data automatically shut down as recalibration Configuration set operation to specification cannot be assured 03 Radar operat
CRC8 C CODE WORKED EXAMPLE CRC8 C Code CRC8 checksums are used on the standard radar messages. The checksum calculation is performed on all bytes, up to and including the asterisk character. These checksums are calculated using the following C code. //Lookup table for CRC8 calculation //Needs to be initialised with InitCRC8 U8 crc8_table[256]; /********************************MemCRC8******************************* This function calculates the CRC8 of a data array pointed to by data and of length length.
ANTENNA PLOTS ANTENNA PLOTS 0 Power (dB) -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -200 -180 -160 -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 Angle (Degrees) Horizontal Beam Pattern Vertical Beam Pattern 3dB Level 29 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
technical specifications 50mm 288mm 112mm 50mm SPECIFICATIONS Technology FMCW Radar Radiated Power <100mW EIRP Transmit Frequency In the band 24.075 to 24.125GHz Transmit Bandwidth 9.4MHz Range 2 to 60m Mounting Flange fixings or tripod mount Mounting Height 1 - 3.5m nominal Speed Range 20 to 320kph Weight 0.8 Kg nominal Housing Material Polycarbonate (UL94 V-2) Housing Finish Self coated black Sealing IP66 Operating Temperature -20°C to +60°C Power 2.9 - 3.
TEST & CALIBRATION DEDICATED TEST EQUIPMENT The key test functions performed by Hyperion to Certify the premium performance of the 342 are: • True range simulation of target • Target speed and direction simulation at a given range • Radar target processing optimisation • Transmitted radar frequency modulation measurement • Verification of interface and communication protocols • Test cycle time of 9 minutes 31
MANUFACTURING TEST PROCESS TEST EQUIPMENT: HYPERION TM INTELLIGENT DETECTION SYSTEMS PRODUCT TEST: 315 | 316 | 317 | 335 | 336 | 342 TEST FUNCTION: • True range simulation of target • Radar target processing optimisation • Test cycle time 9 minutes • Verification of communication protocols HYPERION was designed and developed by AGD Systems Hyperion™ is a bespoke set of test equipment designed and developed by AGD Systems.
END OF LIFE – DISPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS (EOL) IMPORTANT AGD342 RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR Item 1 2 5 6 7 9 13 Qty 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 Material PCB Assembly Zinc Alloy ABS Mixed Metal & PVC Polycarbonate PC, Brass PCB Assembly Item 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Qty 1 1 4 2 6 8 10 Material PCB Assembly Nickel Silver Steel Mixed Metal & PVC Steel Steel Steel • • • • • Reuse / Recycle Separate & Recycle Downcycle Hazardous Recovery Non- Recyclable This document serves as a guideline only for EOL procedures and further guida
importAnt Safety Precautions All work must be performed in accordance with company working practices, in-line with adequate risk assessments. Only skilled and instructed persons should carry out work with the product. Experience and safety procedures in the following areas may be relevant: • Working with mains power • Working with modern electronic/electrical equipment • Working at height • Working at the roadside or highways 1.
importAnt IMPORTANT INFORMATION Low Power Non-Ionising Radio Transmission and Safety Concern has been expressed in some quarters that low power radio frequency transmission may constitute a health hazard. The transmission characteristics of low power radio devices is a highly regulated environment for the assurance of safe use. There are strict limits on continuous emission power levels and these are reflected in the testing specifications that the products are approved to.
DISCLAIMER While we (AGD Systems) endeavour to keep the information in this manual correct at the time of print, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, about the completeness, accuracy, reliability, suitability or availability with respect to the information, products, services, or related graphics contained herein for any purpose. Any reliance you place on such information is therefore strictly at your own risk.
