AC5124 2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVER Specifications Subject to Change User’s Manual Version 4.4 10981 EICHER DRIVE LENEXA, KS 66219 (800) 492-2320 www.aerocomm.com wireless@aerocomm.
DOCUMENT INFORMATION Copyright Information Copyright © 2000 AEROCOMM, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained in this manual and the accompanying software programs are copyrighted and all rights are reserved by AEROCOMM, Inc. AEROCOMM, Inc. reserves the right to make periodic modifications of this product without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revision.
DOCUMENT INFORMATION Revision Description Version 3.6 Remove SDK developer kit information – 6/6/00 Re-arrange the layout of the specification to ease use Correct Channels from 75 to 77 and provide range in Hex, Section 5.1.
FCC INFORMATION Agency Approval Overview Part Number AC5124-10 AC5124-200 US/FCC X X CAN/IC X X EUR/EN** X Portable X Mobile X X-20cm* * See RF Exposure warning on page 6 ** Does not include France and Spain Note: The product approvals above are with antennas specified on page 5. Agency Identification Numbers Part Number AC5124-10 AC5124-200 US/FCC KQL-PKLR2400 KQL-PKLR2400-200 CAN/IC CAN2268391158A CAN2268391180A EUR/EN X FCC Notice WARNING: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
FCC INFORMATION Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Part Number WCP-2400-MMCX WCR-2400-SMRP MFB24008RPN BMMG24000MSMARP12’ BMMG24005MSMARP12’ MP24013TMSMARP12 MUF24005M174MSMARP12 MC2400 NZH2400-MMCX (External) NZH2400-I (Integrated) S131CL-5-RMM-2450S S181FL-5-RMM-2450S S191FL-5-RMM-2450S S151FL-5-RMM-2450S MLPV1700 Manufacturer Centurion Centurion Maxrad Maxrad Maxrad Maxrad Maxrad Maxrad AeroComm AeroComm Nearson Nearson Nearson Nearson Maxrad Gain (dBi) 2 2 8 1 5 13 5 2.
FCC INFORMATION Labeling Requirements WARNING: The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that FCC labeling requirements are met. This includes a clearly visible label on the outside of the OEM enclosure specifying the appropriate AeroComm FCC identifier for this product as well as the FCC Notice above. The FCC identifiers are listed above in the Agency Identifier Numbers section.
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLES......................................................................................................................................................... 8 1. OVERVIEW........................................................................................................................................ 10 2. AC5124 SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................. 11 3. THEORY OF OPERATION...............
6.2 COMMAND INSTRUCTIONS/RESPONSES .......................................................................................... 30 6.2.1 Enter Command Mode .......................................................................................................... 31 6.2.2 Exit Command Mode............................................................................................................. 31 6.2.3 Power-on Reset Command....................................................................................
Table 5 - Transceiver Command Set....................................................................................................... 27 Table 6 - EEPROM Parameters ................................................................................................................ 37 Table 7 - BH/BL Selections For Common Baud Rates .........................................................................
AC5124-10 Specifications 1. Overview This document contains information about the hardware and software interface between an AeroComm AC5124 transceiver and an OEM Host. Information includes the theory of operation, system issues, and a basic command set for operational control of the system and transceiver. The transceiver is designed to allow flexibility at the hardware interface level with a minimum number of actual hardware pins connecting the transceiver and the OEM Host.
AC5124-10 Specifications 2. AC5124 Specifications GENERAL Bus Interface Serial Interface Data Rate Compliance AC5124-10 AC5124-200 Power Consumption All Serial Interface Modes Interface ON/RF OFF (API Mode Only) Sleep Walk (Clients in all Modes Only) Deep Sleep (Servers in API Mode Only) Channels Security Serial (TTL Level Asynchronous) through 40 pin mini connector. AMP P/N 177986-1 Programmable to 882 Kbps. PC rates to 115.2 Kbps Certifiable under: US (FCC 15.247); Canada (IC); Europe (EN) US (FCC 15.
AC5124-10 Specifications 3. Theory of Operation The AC5124 has a serial interface that allows the OEM Host to send and receive communications to and from the transceiver. All I/O is 5Vdc TTL level signals except for RSSI, which is an analog output. All outputs are weakly pulled logic high (20 kΩ – 50 kΩ) when left unconnected and are driven logic high at reset. 3.1 DEFINITIONS Server Host: The Server Host is the OEM device controlling the Server transceiver.
AC5124-10 Specifications 3.2 INTERFACE SIGNAL DEFINITIONS The following pinout is for the 40-pin mini-connector, J1 (AMP P/N 177986-1). I/O direction is with regard to the transceiver. All pins not used by the OEM may be left floating.
AC5124-10 Specifications 3.2.1 Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) The Received Signal Strength Indicator is used by the Host to determine the instantaneous signal strength at the receiver. The Host must calibrate RSSI without a signal being presented to the receiver. RSSI is invalid when a transceiver is transmitting. Calibration is accomplished by following the steps listed below to find a minimum and maximum voltage value. 1) Power up only one transceiver in the coverage area.
AC5124-10 Specifications 3.2.2 In Range (IN_RANGE) The IN_RANGE pin will be driven logic low when a Client is in range of a Server on the same Channel and System ID. If a Client cannot hear a Server for the amount of time that is programmed in the Range Refresh EEPROM address 32h, the Client drives the IN_RANGE pin logic high and enters a search mode looking for a Server. As soon as it detects a Server, the IN_RANGE pin will be driven logic low. 3.2.
AC5124-10 Specifications 3.3 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Table 2 - DC Input Voltage Characteristics Pin 2 16 17 22 26 27 34 37 38 Type Name I PKTMODE I RXD I RI_IN I DCD_IN I BDSEL I RTS I DTR I WR_ENA µP_RESET I High Min. 0.2Vcc + 0.9 0.2Vcc + 0.9 2 2 0.2Vcc + 0.9 0.2Vcc + 0.9 2 0.7Vcc 0.7Vcc High Max. Vcc + 0.5 Vcc + 0.5 Vcc + 1 Vcc + 1 Vcc + 0.5 Vcc + 0.5 Vcc + 1 Vcc + 1 Vcc + 0.5 Low Min. -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 Low Max. Unit 0.2Vcc - 0.1 V 0.2Vcc - 0.1 V 0.8 V 0.8 V 0.2Vcc - 0.
AC5124-10 Specifications 4. Serial Interface Modes The AC5124 provides four Serial Interface Modes for interfacing to the Host, each having protocol parameters that can be programmed for maximum system optimization. Serial Interface Modes 01, 02, and 04 are referred to as Transparent Modes, indicating Host protocol is unnecessary for operation in these modes – much like a serial cable.
AC5124-10 Specifications 4.3 SERIAL INTERFACE MODE 03 – API API Mode is the most complex and detailed mode, where most of the control is given to the Host. This mode may seem extensive at first glance; however, it follows a specific pattern of commands and responses similar to an Ethernet protocol. The commands are grouped into two categories, System Commands and Transceiver Commands. See Section 5, API Command Set for the full list of commands and definitions. 4.
AC5124-10 Specifications 4.6.1 Addressed Mode 4.6.1.1 Transparent Mode Operation Addressed communication in a Transparent Mode is achieved by programming the Transmit Mode byte, located at EEPROM address 4Bh, to a value of 00h. In addition, the 6-byte IEEE destination address must be programmed in the respective transceivers starting at EEPROM address 50h (i.e. the Server IEEE address must be programmed in the Client and the Client IEEE address must be programmed in the Server).
AC5124-10 Specifications 4.6.2 Broadcast Mode 4.6.2.1 Transparent Mode Operation Broadcast communication in a Transparent Mode is intended for use in a point-to-multipoint network (one Server and many Clients). In this configuration, the Server must be programmed for Broadcast Mode by programming the Transmit Mode byte, located at EEPROM address 4Bh, to a value of 01h.
AC5124-10 Specifications 4.7.2 RTS Handshaking When the RTS bit is enabled by setting bit 3 of the Serial Interface Mode byte at EEPROM address 4Ah to a value of 1, Pin 27 is used by the Host to keep a transceiver from transmitting data to it. When RTS is logic high (inactive), a transceiver cannot send data to the Host. Holding RTS logic high for too long can congest RF communications.
AC5124-10 Specifications 5. API Command Set In API Mode, the Host and transceiver utilize a set of commands to program the EEPROM parameters defined in Section 6, Configuring the AC5124, AC5124 as well as control and monitor network communications. As mentioned in Section 4.3, Serial Interface Mode 03 – API API, the commands are grouped into two categories, System Commands and Transceiver Commands. Each group of commands are listed and defined in this section.
AC5124-10 Specifications 5.1 SYSTEM COMMAND SET The System Commands allow the OEM to initialize the system and perform general system analysis. In addition, the EEPROM parameters can only be programmed using these commands. The table below summarizes the commands.
AC5124-10 Specifications 5.1.2 Control The Host issues this command to a transceiver to write and read EEPROM addresses as well as for NOP. The Host must wait for the Diagnostic Result command before issuing any additional commands. Refer to Section 6, Configuring the AC5124 for the list of configurable EEPROM parameters. Sub-command (Counts as 1 Byte in the Length) 02h 08h 09h Description Read EEPROM. Additional data: first 2 bytes specify starting address. Second 2 bytes specify ending address. NOP.
AC5124-10 Specifications 5.1.4 Standby The Host issues the following commands to enable Sleep Walk Mode for Clients and Deep Sleep Mode for Servers. See Section 6.1.13.3, Power Down Modes for detailed information on these modes. • 88 01 00 00 89 – This will command the Client into Sleep Walk mode. • 88 01 00 01 88 – This will command the Server into Deep Sleep mode. • 88 01 00 04 8D – This will cancel the power down functions. 5.1.
AC5124-10 Specifications Status Reply Example Name Transceiver Time Type Time Counter Tx Failures Tx Retries Rx Failures Rx Retries Num Active Transceivers List of Registered Transceivers Error Counter Error Counter Error Counter Error Counter Data Counter Identity Checksum 0 Active Transceivers 1 Byte – TL 1 Byte – TM 1 Byte – TH 4 Bytes 4 Bytes 4 Bytes 4 Bytes 0 Actual 2 Active Transceivers 1 Byte – TL 1 Byte – TM 1 Byte – TH 4 Bytes 4 Bytes 4 Bytes 4 Bytes 2 6 Bytes IEEE Address 3 Bytes time stamp
AC5124-10 Specifications 5.1.10 Acknowledge A transceiver issues this command in response to some of the Host commands indicating a positive response. The Acknowledge consists of the Host command sequence with a zero length, unless otherwise noted. 5.2 TRANSCEIVER COMMAND SET The Transceiver Commands allow the OEM to control the flow of data into and out of a transceiver as well as initialization of a transceiver. The table below summarizes the commands.
AC5124-10 Specifications 5.2.2 Send Data The Host issues this command to a transceiver before sending a data packet to it. Broadcast frames are sent to all registered Clients at the same time without RF-Layer acknowledgements. Broadcast frames are not required to reach all destinations. The Host must wait for the Send Data Complete command before issuing any additional commands.
AC5124-10 Specifications 5.2.4 Received Data A transceiver issues this command upon reception of data from the RF interface. The information in the data frame is the received data. Since more than one Client can transmit to a Server, multiple Received Data commands can be issued to the Server Host at the same time. The command does not require an Acknowledge command; therefore, the Server Host must be capable of receiving multiple, consecutive Received Data commands.
AC5124-10 Specifications 6. AT Command Set Versions 3.5 and higher of the AC5124 family firmware implement an AT Command set, which is used for modifying settings during runtime without having to use any hardware control lines. AT Commands are valid for modes 1, 2, and 4 of the AC5124. Whether in mode 1, 2, or 4, this command must be sent to the radio as a complete packet.
AC5124-10 Specifications 6.2.1 Enter Command Mode Prior to sending any other AT command, the radio must be sent the Enter Command Mode command by the OEM Host. Below is a description of that command: AT+++↵ Where ↵ is equal to 0DH (13 decimal). If it is unable to successfully receive the command, the radio will interpret the string as a packet to send out over the RF and will act accordingly.
AC5124-10 Specifications 6.2.3 Power-on Reset Command To force the radio to perform a Power-on Reset, the Power-on Reset command should be sent to the radio by the OEM Host. Below is a description of that command: ATZ↵ Where ↵ is equal to 0DH (13 decimal). If it successfully receives the command, the radio will issue the following response to the OEM Host: OK↵ Where ↵ is equal to 0DH (13 decimal).
AC5124-10 Specifications 6.2.5 Write IRAM Byte IRAM Writes are performed one byte at a time. To write a byte of IRAM, the OEM Host should issue the following command to the radio: ATSXX=YY↵ Where XX is equal to an IRAM address. If the address is less than 10H, the leading zero must still be sent such as ATS05=YY↵ Where YY is equal to the value to store in the IRAM location. If the value is less than 10H, the leading zero must still be sent such as ATSFE=0F↵ Where ↵ is equal to 0DH (13 decimal).
AC5124-10 Specifications 6.2.6 Read EEPROM Byte EEPROM Reads are performed one byte at a time. To read a byte of EEPROM, the OEM Host should issue the following command to the radio: ATWXX?↵ Where XX is equal to an EEPROM address. If the address is less than 10H, the leading zero must still be sent such as ATW05?↵ Where ↵ is equal to 0DH (13 decimal).
AC5124-10 Specifications 6.2.7 Write EEPROM Byte EEPROM Writes are performed one byte at a time. To write a byte of EEPROM, the OEM Host should issue the following command to the radio (NOTE: before sending this command, the EEPROM Write Enable pin must be Low): ATWXX=YY↵ Where XX is equal to an EEPROM address. If the address is less than 10H, the leading zero must still be sent such as ATW05=YY↵ Where YY is equal to the value to store in the EEPROM location.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7. Configuring the AC5124 Table 6 – EEPROM Parameters, Parameters contains the many configurable parameters that are stored in the EEPROM on a transceiver. These parameters are read by the AeroComm firmware on power-up or when a reset is executed. This section provides the definitions, valid values and use for each of these parameters. It is important to follow the steps below when writing to the EEPROM. Refer to Section 5, API Command Set, Set for all referenced commands.
AC5124-10 Specifications Table 6 - EEPROM Parameters EEPROM Address 1Dh Length (Bytes) 8 IEEE MAC Address 28h 6 Channel Transmit Attempts 2Eh 2Fh 1 1 00h 10h Receive Mode 31h 1 03h Range Refresh 32h 1 20h Server/ Client Mode System ID 33h 1 02h 34h 8 End Character 3Eh 1 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 FFh Baud High 40h 1 FFh Baud Low 41h 1 F1h Fixed Packet Length High Fixed Packet Length Low Random Back-Off 43h 1 00h IEEE assigned MAC Address – Must not be modified by the OEM.
AC5124-10 Specifications Parameter Serial Interface Mode EEPROM Address 4Ah Length (Bytes) 1 Default (Hex) 01h Transmit Mode 4Bh 1 00h RF Mode 1 4Ch 1 00h Interface Timeout 4Dh 1 00h Broadcast Attempts 4Eh 1 04h 11/24/03 Description 01h – Transparent, Fixed Length, Timeout 02h – Transparent, End Character 03h – API 04h – Transparent, Fixed Length, No Timeout Additional settings are: Bit 3 – RTS Enable 0 = Radio does not listen to RTS 1 = Radio respects RTS handshaking Bit 4 – Reserved (
AC5124-10 Specifications Parameter RF Mode Destination IEEE MAC Address Sleep Time Wait Time EEPROM Address 4Fh Length (Bytes) 1 Default (Hex) 01h 50h 6 7Ah 7Dh 3 3 FF FF FF FF FF FF 00 00 0A 00 00 20 Description Bit 0 – Reserved (Always 1) Bit 1 – Turbo Mode 0 = No turbo mode 1 = Enable turbo mode Bit 2 – Reserved (Always 0) Bit 3 – Reserved (Always 0) Bit 4 – Baud Rate Double 0 = Use programmed baud rate 1 = Double programmed baud rate Bit 5 – 485 RTS 0 = RTS functions normal 1= RTS is an output
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.3 Channel EEPROM Address: 2Eh Length: 1 Byte Default: 00h Range: 00h – 4Ch Provides 77 unique and non-interfering pseudorandom hopping sequences or Channels. This allows the OEM to configure up to 77 independent, co-located data networks. The combination of the Channel and System ID must be unique to each network of transceivers to establish communication.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.5.2 Unicast (02h) Unicast Mode is only valid for transceivers operating in API Mode. Transceivers will only receive packets that have matching IEEE 802.3 destination addresses. All other packets will be discarded. 7.1.5.3 Promiscuous (03h) Promiscuous Mode is valid for transceivers operating in any Serial Interface Mode. Transceivers will receive all packets. The Host will need to determine what action to take when receiving a packet. 7.1.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.8 System ID EEPROM Address: 34h Length: 8 Bytes Default: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 Range: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 to FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF The System ID is used in conjunction with the Channel and serves as a password to maintain secure transfers of data. The combination of the Channel and System ID must be unique to each network of transceivers to establish communication.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.10 Baud High (BH) and Baud Low (BL) EEPROM Address: 40h and 41h respectively Length: 1 Byte each Default: FFh for BH and F1h for BL Range: F4h, 84h – FFh, FFh (BH, BL) There are two types of baud rates associated with a transceiver: RF Baud Rate and Serial Interface Baud Rate. The RF Baud Rate is not configurable and is fixed at 882 Kbps. The Serial Interface Baud Rate is configurable and can be programmed up to 882 Kbps.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.12 Random Back-Off EEPROM Address: 45h Length: 1 Byte Default: 03h The Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol does not keep time slots for each registered Clients like some protocols. Instead, CSMA allows all clients to contend for an open time slot on a packet-by-packet basis. Typically, all Clients don’t send data at the same time; however, when they do, collisions can occur.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.13.2 Parity Mode EEPROM Address: 4Ah, bit 5 Length: 1 Bit Default: 0 Range: 0 or 1 Setting this bit to a value of 1 will enable Parity (9 bit transmit) mode. In this mode, 9 bit bytes can be sent over the RF. Enabling this mode will cut net throughput in half. All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting for Parity Mode. 7.1.13.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.13.4.1 SLEEP WALK MODE (CLIENTS ONLY) EEPROM Address: 4Ah, bit 7 Length: 1 Bit Default: 0 Range: 0 or 1 If bit 7 of the Serial Interface Mode byte is set to a value of 1, the Client enters into Sleep Walk Mode. This applies to all Serial Interface Modes (01-04). There are two parameters that control the operation of the Sleep Walk Mode – Sleep Time and Wait Time. Both parameters can be programmed in 200ms increments. See Section 6.1.20, Sleep Time and Section 6.1.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.13.4.2 DEEP SLEEP MODE (SERVERS ONLY) Deep Sleep Mode is only valid for Servers operating in API Mode. In Deep Sleep Mode, a Server completely shuts down and remains in a powered down mode until a byte is received over the serial interface. This is the only wake-up event that is valid in Deep Sleep Mode.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.16 Read Switches EEPROM Address: 4Ch, bit 1 Length: 1 Bit Default: 0 Range: 0 or 1 The Read Switches bit is useful for systems that need to change Channels or Server/Client Mode during operation. When bit 1 is set to a value of 1, the Host can change the state of Pin 13 to enable or disable the new pin definitions listed below in the table. When Pin 13 is logic low, Read Switches is enabled and the new pin definitions take precedence over the existing pin definitions.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.16.2 Limit RF Buffer EEPROM Address: 4Ch, bit 4 Length: 1 Bit Default: 0 Range: 0 or 1 Setting this bit to a value of 1 reduces the number of RF receive buffers to one. Otherwise, there are eight RF receive buffers on the AC5124, each large enough to store the maximum packet size of 2 KBytes. This allows the AC5124 to act as a RAM buffer in many applications and actually improve system throughput as opposed to wired communications.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.17 Interface Timeout EEPROM Address: 4Dh Length: 1 Byte Default: 00h Range: 00h - FFh This parameter applies only to Transparent Mode 01. This parameter specifies the amount of time between bytes that a transceiver will wait before transmitting the data packet. If a value other than 00h, 40h, 80h or C0h is desired, the following formula can be used to calculate a new timeout value: Timeout (ms) = Decimal value of 4Dh x 0.9 (+0 to –0.9ms accuracy) 0H = 6.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.19.1 Turbo Mode EEPROM Address: 4Fh, bit 1 Length: 1 Bit Default: 0 Range: 0 or 1 If bit 1 is set to a value of 0, a transceiver will operate in CSMA mode, allowing random back-off for collision avoidance. In CSMA Mode, a transceiver will wait one packet time between successful packets. If a collision occurs, a transceiver will wait a random number of packet times before resending its data.
AC5124-10 Specifications 7.1.19.5 Auto Destination EEPROM Address: 4Fh, bit 7 Length: 1 Bit Default: 0 Range: 0 or 1 The AC5124 supports an addressed mode of communication called Auto Destination. This mode is only for Clients operating in one of the Transparent Modes. To configure a Client for Auto Destination, set this bit to a value of 1. With Auto Destination enabled, a Client has the ability to detect any Server with the same Channel and System ID.
AC5124-10 Specifications 8. Initializing the AC5124 Transceiver Upon reset or power-up, a transceiver requires a minimum of 400ms for hardware initialization to complete. During this time, CTS is driven logic high prohibiting the reception of any data or commands. Once complete, CTS is driven logic low, allowing a transceiver to send or receive data and commands, depending on the mode of operation. 8.
AC5124-10 Specifications The figure below provides an example of the initialization sequence for both Clients and Servers following the configuration of EEPROM parameters. This occurs only in API Mode.
AC5124-10 Specifications 9. Mechanical Overview The AC5124 measures 1.65”W x 2.65”L.
AC5124-10 Specifications Figure 4 – AC5124 with Integral Antenna 11/24/03 56
AC5124-10 Specifications 10. Ordering Information 10.
