AC4424 2.4 GHz OEM TRANSCEIVERS Specifications Subject to Change User’s Manual Version 2.1 AVENUE 11160 THOMPSON AVENU E LENEXA, KS 66219 492--2320 (800) 492 www.aerocomm.com wireless@aerocomm.com wireles s@aerocomm.
DOCUMENT INFORMATION Copyright Information Copyright © 2007 AEROCOMM, Inc. All rights reserved. The information contained in this manual and the accompanying software programs are copyrighted and all rights are reserved by AEROCOMM, Inc. AEROCOMM, Inc. reserves the right to make periodic modifications of this product without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revision.
DOCUMENT INFORMATION INFORMATION Revision Description Version 1.0 Version 1.1 Version 1.2 Version 1.3 Version 1.4 Version 1.5 11/7/2001 – Initial Release Version 10/14/2002 – Not Released 10/18/2002 – Full release of AC4424 specification 11/19/2002 – Made Full-Duplex incompatible with Stream Mode 12/09/2002 – Changed Sub Hop Adjust setting recommendations 1/30/2003 – Removed all references to Commercial and Industrial temperature. All products are now Industrial temperature. Changed Section 4.2.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................................................6 2. AC4424 SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................................................8 3. SPECIFICATIONS .........................................................................................................................10 3.1 INTERFACE SIGNAL DEFINITIONS .............................
.2.6 5.2.7 5.2.8 Serial Interface Baud Rate.........................................................................................................34 Network Topology......................................................................................................................35 Auto Config................................................................................................................................36 6. DIMENSIONS ................................................................
AC4424 Features Simple 5V TTL level serial interface for fast integration Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum for security and interference rejection Cost Efficient for high volume applications Low power consumption for battery powered implementations Small size for portable and enclosed applications Very Low latency and high throughput Industrial temperature (-40°C to 80°C) 1. Overview The AC4424 is a member of AeroComm’s ConnexRF OEM transceiver family.
The OEM is responsible for ensuring the final product meets all FCC and/or appropriate regulatory agency requirements listed herein before selling any product.
2.
Weight 5/8/2007 AC4424-100: MMCX Jack AC4424-200: MMCX Jack Less than 0.
3. Specifications 3.1 INTERFACE SIGNAL DEFINITIONS The AC4424 has a simple interface that allows OEM Host communications with the transceiver. Table 1 – Pin Definitions Definitions, shows the connector pin numbers and associated functions. The I/O direction is with regard to the transceiver. All I/O is 5VDC TTL level signals except for RSSI. All inputs are weakly pulled High and may be left floating during normal operation.
19 20 NC O No Connect IN_RANGE In Range – Active Low when a Client radio is in range of a Server on same Channel with the same System ID. I = Input to the transceiver O = Output from the transceiver 3.2 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Table 2 – DC Input Voltage Characteristics Pin 3 Type I Name RXD High Min. 0.2Vcc+0.9 High Max. Vcc+0.5 Low Min. -0.5 8 I RTS 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 12 I 9600_Baud 0.2Vcc+0.9 Vcc+0.5 -0.5 14 15 I I WR_ENA UP_RESET 0.7Vcc 0.7Vcc Vcc+1 Vcc+0.5 -0.3 -0.
Serial 3.3.1 Seri al Interface Data Rate The Serial Interface Data Rate is programmable by the Host. This is the rate the Host and transceiver communicate over the serial bus. Possible values range from 110 bps to 288,000 bps. The only supported mode is asynchronous – 88-bit, No Parity, 1 Start Bit, and 1 Stop Bit.
3.3.
Broadcast Acknowledge M Mode ode with Interface Timeout: Local_RXD Packet Data Wait for Hop Local_RF_TXD RF Packet Remote_RF_TXD Remote_TXD Received Data Interface Timeout Hop Period Hop Time Hop_Frame 5/8/2007 14
Table 4 – Timing Parameters Parameter Typical Time (ms) Hop Time 1 Hop Period 8 3.3.3 Maximum Overall System Throughput When configured as shown in the table below, an AC4424 transceiver is capable of achieving the listed throughput. However, in the presence of interference or at longer ranges, the transceiver may not be able to meet these specified throughputs.
Table 6 – EEPROM Parameters Parameter Product ID Channel Number Server/Client Mode Baud Rate Low Baud Rate High Control 0 Length EEPROM (Bytes Address ) 00H 40 Default 40H 1 00 – 27h 00h 41H 1 01 – 02h 02h 42H 1 00 – FFh 05h Description 40 bytes - Product identifier string. Includes revision information for software and hardware. Refer to Table 10 01h = Server 02h = Client Low Byte of the interface baud rate.
0 = Use Destination Address 1 = Automatically set Destination to Server Bit 3 – AeroComm Use Only Bit 2 – RTS Enable 0 = RTS Ignored 1 = Transceiver obeys RTS Bit 1 – Duplex Mode 0 = Half Duplex 1 = Full Duplex Bit 0 – Auto Config 0 = Use EEPROM values 1 = Auto Configure Values Parameter Transmit Retries Length EEPROM (Bytes Address ) Range 4CH 1 01 - FFh Broadcast Attempts 4DH 1 API Control 56H 1 Interface Timeout 58H 1 5/8/2007 Default 10h Description Maximum number of times a packet is sent
Sync Channel 5AH 1 00 – 3Fh 01h RF Packet Size 5BH 1 01 – 40h 40h CTS On 5CH 1 01 – FFh C0h CTS On Hysteresis 5DH 1 01 – FFh 80h Destination ID System ID 70H 76H 6 1 00 – FFh 6 Bytes 01h MAC ID 80H Parameter Random Backoff 5/8/2007 6 Length EEPROM (Bytes Address ) Range C3h 1 00 - FFh 6 Bytes Default 00h increment). Used to synchronize the hopping of collocated systems to minimize interference.
4.2 CONFIGURING THE AC4424 1 Receive Mode Use AT Commands? No Send “Enter AT” Command (Software Configuration) Send CC Commands? No Take Pin 17 Low (Hardware Configuration) No Exit Command Mode? Send CC Command In AT Command Mode? Send another CC Command? Send “Exit AT” Command No No Take Pin 17 High Receive Mode 1 Resetting the AC4424 at any time will exit Configuration or CC Command mode.
4.
4.4 AC4424 AT COMMANDS The AT Command mode implemented in the AC4424 creates a virtual version of the Command/Data pin. The “Enter AT Command Mode” Command asserts this virtual pin Low (to signify Command Mode) and the “Exit AT Command Mode” Command asserts this virtual pin High (to signify Data). Once this pin has been asserted Low, all On-the-Fly CC Commands documented in the manual are supported. When in AT Command Mode, the user cannot send or receive RF packets.
Transceiver Response: CCh 44h 41h 54h 4.5 ON-THE-FLY CONTROL COMMANDS (CC COMMAND MODE) The AC4424 transceiver contains static memory that holds many of the parameters that control the transceiver operation. Using the “CC” command set allows many of these parameters to be changed during system operation. Because the memory these commands affect is static, when the transceiver is reset, these parameters will revert back to the settings stored in the EEPROM.
Where: Data1 = 00 for 01 for 02 for 03 for Server in Normal Operation Client in Normal Operation Server in Acquisition Sync Client in Acquisition Sync 4.5.2 Change Channel with Forced Acquisition Sync The Host issues this command to change the channel of the transceiver and force the transceiver to actively begin synchronization. Host Command: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = 02h Byte 3 = RF Channel Number (Hexadecimal) Transceiver Response: Byte 1 = CCh Byte 2 = RF Channel Number (Hexadecimal) 4.5.
4.5.4 Sync Channel The Sync Channel command can be sent to a Server that already has Sync-to-Channel enabled. This will change the Server’s Sync Channel setting.
Power--Down 4.5.5 Power After the Host issues the power-down command to the transceiver, the transceiver will deassert the In_Range line after entering power-down. A Client transceiver in power-down will remain in sync with a Server for a minimum of 2 minutes. To maintain synchronization with the Server, this Client transceiver should re-sync to the Server at least once every 2 minutes.
4.5.8 Write Destination Address The Host issues this command to the transceiver to change the Destination Address. This is a very powerful command that provides the OEM Host with a means for ad-hoc networking. Only the three Least Significant Bytes of the MAC Address are used for packet delivery.
Byte Byte Byte Byte 1 = CCh 2 = Start Address 3 = Length 4…n = Data at requested addresses 4.5.11 EEPROM Byte Write Upon receiving this command, a transceiver will write the data byte to the address specified but will not echo it back to the OEM Host until the EEPROM write cycle is complete. The write can take as long as 10ms to complete. Following the write cycle, a transceiver will transmit the data byte to the OEM Host. Multiple byte EEPROM writes are not allowed.
5. Theory of Operation 5.1 HARDWARE INTERFACE Below is a description of all hardware pins used to control the AC4424. 5.1.1 TXD (Transmit Data) and RXD (Receive Data) (pins 2 and 3 respectively) The AC4424 accepts 5V TTL level asynchronous serial data in the RXD pin and interprets that data as either Command Data or Transmit Data. Data is sent from the transceiver to the OEM Host via the TXD pin. The data must be of the format 8-N-1 (8 data bits, No Parity bits, One stop bit). 5.1.
Leaving RTS disabled for too long can cause data loss once the transceiver’s receive buffer fills up. 5.1.5 9600 Baud/Packet Frame (pin 12) 9600_BAUD – When pulled logic Low before applying power or resetting, the transceiver’s serial interface is forced to a 9600, 8-N-1 (8 data bits, No parity, 1 stop bit) rate. To exit, transceiver must be reset or power-cycled with 9600_Baud logic High.
Figure 1 - RSSI Voltage vs. Received Signal Strength 6 5 Voltage (V) 4 3 2 1 -95 -90 -85 -80 -75 -70 -65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 0 Input Pow er (dBm ) New Revision Old Revision Table 7 – RSSI Board Rev History Radio Type Old RSSI Board Number New RSSI Board Number AC4424-10 0050-00025 0050-00036 AC4424-10A N/A 0050-00029 AC4424-100 N/A 0050-00037 or 0050-00075 AC4424-200 0050-00030 0050-00045 5.1.
UP_RESET 5.1.8 UP_RESE T (pin 15) UP_RESET provides a direct connection to the reset pin on the AC4424 microprocessor. To guarantee a valid power-up reset, this pin should never be tied Low on power-up. For a valid power-on reset, reset must be High for a minimum of 50us. Command/Data 5.1.9 Comm and/Data (pin 17) When logic High, transceiver interprets Host data as transmit data to be sent to other transceivers and their Hosts.
5.2 SOFTWARE PARAMETERS Below is a description of all software parameters used to control the AC4424. (Server--Client/Peer Client/Peer--to to--Peer) 5.2.1 RF Architecture (Server The Server controls the system timing by sending out regular beacons (transparent to the transceiver Host), which contain system timing information. This timing information synchronizes the Client radios to the Server. Each network should consist of only one Server.
5.2.3 Random Back Off Random Back Off – If multiple AC4424 transceivers try to send packets out over the RF at the exact same time, the packets will collide and will not be received by the intended receiver. In fact, if after a collision occurs, both transceivers retry at the same time, the retry will also fail. To avoid further collisions, a transceiver can be programmed to wait a random number of packet times (hops) before resending its data.
AC4424 Specifications frequency bins. Though the RF hardware is still technically half duplex, it makes the radio seem full duplex. This can cause overall throughputs to be cut in half. Note: All transceivers on the same network must have the same setting for Full Duplex. 5.2.65.2.5 5.2.6 5.2.
AC4424 Specifications 14,400 9,600 4800 2400 1200 300 110 28h 3Ch 78h F0h E0h 80h 74h 00h 00h 00h 00h 01h 07h 14h F7h F2h E5h CBh 97h 01h 01h 5.2.85.2.7 5.2.8 5.2.7 Network Topology RF Channel Number – RF Channel Number provides a physical separation between co-located networks. The AC4424 is a spread spectrum frequency hopping radio with a fixed hopping sequence.
AC4424 Specifications 5.2.95.2.8 5.2.9 5.2.8 Auto Config The AC4424 has several variables that control its RF performance and vary by RF Mode and Architecture. Enabling Auto Config will bypass the value for these variables stored in RF Architecture EEPROM and use predetermined values for the given Interface Baud Rate. Auto Config has been optimized for 115,200 baud Acknowledge Mode and all lower baud rates. It should only be disabled with recommendation from AeroComm.
AC4424 Specifications 6. Dimensions All AC4424 products measure 1.65”W x 2.65”L.
AC4424 Specifications Figure 3 – AC4424 with Integral Antenna 5/8/2007 38
Ordering Information 7. Ordering Information 7.
Regulatory Information 8. Regulatory Information Agency Identification Numbers Part Number AC4424-9AJ AC4424-10 AC4424-100 AC4424-200 US/FCC KQL-44249AJ KQL-PKLR2400 KQL-AC4424 KQL-PKLR2400200 CAN/IC 2268C-44249AJ CAN2268391158A CAN2268C391190A EUR/EN CE CE CAN2268391180A 8.1 FCC The user is responsible for all labeling and ensuring the module complies with FCC regulations (see 47CFR2 for exact regulations).
Regulatory Information FCC Notice WARNING: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC Labeling Requirements WARNING: The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that FCC labeling requirements are met.
Regulatory Information 8.2 CE The AC4424-100 is a Class 2 transceiver that is harmonized everywhere except France. Therefore, the end product will have to be marked with a “CE(!)” (the ! is encircled). For complete rules and regulations on labeling in Europe refer to the R&TTE Directive Article 12 and Annex VII. And the country or countries that the end user intends to sell product in be notified prior to shipping product. Further information about this regulation can be found in Article 6.
Regulatory Information ½ Wave Dipole 2 X X X ½ Wave Dipole OmniDirectional OmniDirectional OmniDirectional 2 X X X 8 X 1 X 5 X Mfg. Type 1 WCP-2400-MMCX Centurion 2 WCR-2400-SMRP Centurion 3 MFB24008RPN Maxrad 4 BMMG24000MSMARP12’ Maxrad 5 BMMG24005MSMARP12’ Maxrad AC4424X AC4424X--200 Gain (dBi) AC4424X AC4424X--10 Item Part Number AC4424X AC4424X--100 Europe/France AC4424X AC4424X--100 US/Canada 8.
