April 2013 Version 1.0.0.
| 1 Copyright Copyright © 2013 4RF Limited. All rights reserved. This document is protected by copyright belonging to 4RF Limited and may not be reproduced or republished in whole or part in any form without the prior written permission of 4RF Limited. Trademarks Aprisa and the 4RF logo are trademarks of 4RF Limited. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.
2 | Compliance General The Aprisa SR+ radio predominantly operates within frequency bands that require a site license be issued by the radio regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the territory in which the equipment is being operated. It is the responsibility of the user, before operating the equipment, to ensure that where required the appropriate license has been granted and all conditions attendant to that license have been met.
| 3 RF Exposure Warning WARNING: The installer and / or user of Aprisa SR+ radios shall ensure that a separation distance as given in the following table is maintained between the main axis of the terminal’s antenna and the body of the user or nearby persons. Minimum separation distances given are based on the maximum values of the following methodologies: 1. Maximum Permissible Exposure non-occupational limit (B or general public) of 47 CFR 1.1310 and the methodology of FCC’s OST/OET Bulletin number 65.
Contents | 5 Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................ 9 The 4RF Aprisa SR+ Radio ....................................................................... 9 Product Overview ............................................................................... 10 Network Coverage and Capacity ....................................................... 10 Automatic Registration ..................................................................
6 | Contents 3. Specifications ............................................................................ 21 RF Specifications ................................................................................ 21 ETSI Compliant............................................................................ 21 Frequency Bands .................................................................. 21 Channel Sizes ...................................................................... 21 Transmitter..................
Contents | vii 7. Contact Us ................................................................................
Introduction | 9 1. Introduction The 4RF Aprisa SR+ Radio The 4RF Aprisa SR+ is a point-to-multipoint digital radio providing secure narrowband wireless data connectivity for SCADA, infrastructure and telemetry applications. The radios carry a combination of serial packet data and Ethernet data between the base station, repeater stations and remote stations. The Aprisa SR+ is configurable as a point-to-multipoint base station, a remote station or a repeater station.
10 | Introduction Product Overview Network Coverage and Capacity In a simple point-to-multipoint network, an Aprisa SR+ base station can communicate with up to a practical limit of 150 remote stations. The Aprisa SR+ has a typical link range of up to 60 km, however, geographic features, such as hills, mountains, trees and foliage, or other path obstructions, such as buildings, tend to limit radio coverage.
Introduction | 11 Product Features Functions Point-to-Point (PTP) or Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) operation Licensed frequency bands: UHF 330-400 MHz UHF 400-470 MHz UHF 928-960 MHz Channel sizes – software selectable: 12.
12 | Introduction Architecture The Aprisa SR+ Architecture is based around a layered TCP/IP protocol stack: Physical Proprietary wireless Standard RS-232 and Ethernet Link Proprietary wireless (channel access, ARQ, segmentation) Standard Ethernet Network Standard IP Proprietary automatic radio routing table population algorithm Transport Standard TCP, UDP Application Proprietary management application software Security The Aprisa SR+ provides security features to implement the key recommendations for indu
Introduction | 13 Interfaces Antenna Interface 2 x TNC, 50 ohm, female connectors Software selectable single or dual antenna port operation. Ethernet Interface 2, 3 or 4 ports 10/100 base-T Ethernet layer 2 switch using RJ-45 Used for Ethernet user traffic and product management. RS-232 Interface 2, 1 or 0 RS-232 asynchronous ports using RJ-45 connector Used for RS-232 asynchronous user traffic only.
14 | Introduction Mounting The Aprisa SR+ has four threaded holes (M4) in the enclosure base and two holes (5.2 mm) through the enclosure for mounting.
Introduction | 15 The Aprisa SR+ DIN rail mounting bracket can be mounted in four positions on a horizontal DIN rail: Vertical Mount (vertical enclosure perpendicular to the mount) Horizontal Mount (horizontal enclosure perpendicular to the mount) Flat Vertical Mount (vertical enclosure parallel to the mount) Flat Horizontal Mount (horizontal enclosure parallel to the mount) Aprisa SR+ Product Description
16 | Introduction Rack Shelf Mounting The Aprisa SR+ can be mounted on a rack mount shelf using the four M4 threaded holes in the Aprisa SR+ enclosure base. The following picture shows two Aprisa SR+ radios mounted on 1 RU rack mount shelf. Wall Mounting The Aprisa SR+ can be mounted on a wall using the two holes through the enclosure (5.2 mm diameter). Typically, M5 screws longer than 35 mm would be used.
Product Options | 17 2. Product Options Interface Ports The standard Aprisa SR+ provides multiple interface port options for combinations of Ethernet and RS-232 serial. The product shown below is the two Ethernet ports plus two RS-232 serial ports.
18 | Product Options Protected Station The Aprisa SR+ Protected Station provides radio and user interface protection for Aprisa SR+ radios when configured as a base station. The RF ports and interface ports from two standard Aprisa SR+ radios are switched to the standby radio if there is a failure in the active radio.
Product Options | 19 Switch Over The switch over to the standby radio can be initiated automatically, on fault detection, or manually via the Hardware Manual Lock switch on the Protection Switch or the Software Manual Lock from SuperVisor. Additionally, it is possible to switch over the radios remotely without visiting the station site, via the remote control connector on the front of the Protection Switch.
20 | Product Options Data Driven Protected Station The Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station provides radio and RS-232 serial port user interface protection for Aprisa SR+ radios when configured as a base station.
Specifications | 21 3. Specifications RF Specifications ETSI Compliant Frequency Bands Broadcast Band Frequency Band Frequency Tuning Range Synthesizer Step Size UHF 300 MHz 330-400 MHz 6.250 kHz UHF 400 MHz 400-470 MHz 6.250 kHz UHF 900 MHz 928-960 MHz 6.250 kHz Channel Sizes Channel Size Gross Radio Capacity 64 QAM 16 QAM QPSK 4-CPFSK 12.5 kHz 60.0 kbit/s 40.0 kbit/s 20.0 kbit/s 9.6 kbit/s 25 kHz 120.0 kbit/s 80.0 kbit/s 40.0 kbit/s 19.
22 | Specifications Transmitter Average Power output 64 QAM 0.01 to 1.25 W (+10 to +34 dBm, in 1 dB steps) Note: The Peak Envelope Power (PEP) at maximum set power level is +41 dBm. 16 QAM 0.01 to 2.5 W (+10 to +35 dBm, in 1 dB steps) QPSK 0.01 to 5.0 W (+10 to +37 dBm, in 1 dB steps) 4-CPFSK 0.01 to 10.0 W (+10 to +40 dBm, in 1 dB steps) When the transmitter power is set from SuperVisor, it sets the output power of the preamble sent with every transmit burst.
Specifications | 23 Maintenance > Test Mode TRANSMITTER PRBS Test Enabled When active, the transmitter outputs a continuous PRBS signal. This can be used for evaluating the output spectrum of the transmitter and verifying adjacent channel power and spurious emission products. Deviation Test Enabled When active, the transmitter outputs a sideband tone at the deviation frequency used by the CPFSK modulator.
24 | Specifications Receiver Receiver sensitivity 12.
Specifications | 25 Interface Specifications Ethernet Interface The Aprisa SR+ radio features an integrated 10Base-T/100Base-TX layer-2 Ethernet switch. To simplify network setup, each port supports auto-negotiation and auto-sensing MDI/MDIX. Operators can select from the following preset modes: Auto negotiate 10Base-T half or full duplex 100Base-TX half or full duplex The switch is IEEE 802.3-compatible. It passes VLAN tagged traffic.
26 | Specifications Protection Switch Specifications RF Insertion Loss < 0.5 dB Remote Control inputs Logic 4700 ohms pullup to +3.
Specifications | 27 Power Specifications Power Supply Aprisa SR+ Radio Nominal voltage +13.8 VDC (negative earth) Input voltage range +10 to +30 VDC Maximum power input 30 W Connector Molex 2 pin male screw fitting 39526-4002 Aprisa SR+ Protected Station Nominal voltage +13.8 VDC (negative earth) Input voltage range +10 to +30 VDC Maximum power input 35 W Connector 2x Molex 2 pin male screw fitting 39526-4002 Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station Nominal voltage +13.
28 | Specifications Power Dissipation Aprisa SR+ Radio Transmit Power Power Dissipation (10 W radio with 4-CPFSK modulation) 10 W transmit power < 25 W 1 W transmit power < 24 W Aprisa SR+ Protected Station and Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station Transmit Power Power Dissipation (10 W radios with 4-CPFSK modulation) 10 W transmit power < 32 W 1 W transmit power < 31 W Aprisa SR+ Product Description
Specifications | 29 General Specifications Environmental Operating temperature range -40 to +70˚ C Storage temperature range -40 to +80˚ C Operating humidity Maximum 95% non-condensing Acoustic noise emission No audible noise emission Dimensions Width 210 mm Depth 130 mm (146 mm with TNC connectors) Height 41.5 mm Weight 1.
Management | 31 4. Management SuperVisor The Aprisa SR+ contains an embedded web server application (SuperVisor) to enable element management with any major web browser (such as Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft® Internet Explorer). SuperVisor enables operators to configure and manage the Aprisa SR+ base station radio and repeater / remote station radios over the radio link.
32 | Management Viewing the Aprisa SR+ Terminal Settings The SuperVisor software enables operators to view the terminal settings: Aprisa SR+ Product Description
Management | 33 Configuring the Aprisa SR+ Terminal Details The SuperVisor software enables operators to set the terminal details including: Terminal Name Location Contact Name Contact Details Current Date Configuring the Aprisa SR+ RF Network Details The SuperVisor software enables operators to set the RF Network Details including: Network ID (FAN) (Field Area Network) – four hex chars – network ID of this base station node and its remote nodes Network Radius – sets the maximum number of hops in this
34 | Management Configuring the Aprisa SR+ Radio Settings The SuperVisor software enables operators to set the radio settings including: TX Frequency – sets the Transmit frequency in MHz TX Power – sets the Transmit Power in dBm RX Frequency – sets the Receive frequency in MHz Modulation Type - sets the Modulation Type QPSK to 64 QAM Channel Size - sets the Channel Size 12.
Management | 35 Command Line Interface The Aprisa SR+ has a Command Line Interface (CLI) which provides basic product setup and configuration. This interface can be accessed via an Ethernet Port (RJ-45) or the Management Port (USB micro type B). The Terminal menu is shown in the following picture: SNMP In addition to web-based management (SuperVisor) and the Command Line Interface, the Aprisa SR network can also be managed using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
36 | Management LED Display Panel The Aprisa SR+ has an LED Display panel which provides on-site alarms / diagnostics without the need for PC.
Management | 37 Single Radio Software Upgrade During a radio software upgrade, the LEDs indicate the following conditions: Software upgrade started - the OK LED flashes orange Software upgrade progress indicated by running RX to OK LEDs Software upgrade completed successfully - the OK LED solid orange Software upgrade failed - any LED flashing red during the upgrade Network Software Upgrade During a network software upgrade, the AUX LED flashes orange on the base station and all remote stations.
38 | Applications 5. Applications This section describes sample Aprisa SR+ radio applications. The following applications are described: Basic point-to-multipoint application Advanced point-to-multipoint application with repeaters Multi-interface point-to-multipoint application Basic point-to-multipoint application Single base station with Ethernet SCADA data inputs to multiple geographically remote sites with Ethernet RTUs requiring control and data acquisition.
Applications | 39 Advanced point-to-multipoint application with repeater Single base station with Ethernet SCADA data inputs to multiple geographically remote sites with Ethernet RTUs requiring control and data acquisition. A repeater is deployed to service remote sites beyond the reach of the base station. The base station receives Ethernet frames from the SCADA server LAN and broadcasts all Ethernet frames to the repeater and its remote stations.
40 | Applications Multi-interface point-to-multipoint application Single base station with Ethernet and RS-232 SCADA data inputs to multiple geographically remote sites with Ethernet and RS-232 RTUs requiring control and data acquisition. The base station receives Ethernet / RS-232 frames from the SCADA servers and broadcasts all frames to all remote stations Each remote site receives Ethernet / RS-232 frames from the RTU and unicasts over the air to the base station.
Architecture | 41 6. Architecture Product Description There are three components to the wireless interface: the Physical Layer (PHY), the Data Link Layer (DLL) and the Network Layer. These three layers are required to transport data across the wireless channel in the Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) configuration. The Aprisa SR+ DLL is largely based on the 802.15.4 MAC layer using a proprietary implementation.
42 | Architecture Access Request This scheme is particularly suited to digital SCADA systems where all data flows through the base station. In this case it is important that the base station has contention-free access as it is involved in every transaction. The channel access scheme assigns the base station as the channel access arbitrator and therefore inherently it has contention-free access to the channel. This means that there is no possibility of contention on data originating from the base station.
Architecture | 43 Network Layer Packet Routing Packet routing is realized in the Aprisa SR+ by adding a network address header to the packet. This contains source and destination addresses. For the Network Layer, there are 2 addresses, the address of the originating radio and the address of the terminating radio (i.e. end to end network). This is required for routing packets across multiple hops e.g. PMP with repeaters.
44 | Architecture Security The Aprisa SR+ provides security features to implement the key recommendations for industrial control systems.
Architecture | 45 Product Architecture The following are the key components of the Aprisa SR+ design: Dual high performance ΣΔ fractional-N synthesizers to allow for full duplex operation 2x output frequency VCO for minimal pulling during transmit Wideband design electronically tunes over entire band Proven ultra low noise and spurious technology with over 50dB of SNR easily achieved Direct quadrature mixer with integrated Cartesian Feedback Loop The Cartesian Feedback Loop improves the efficiency and lin
46 | Architecture Aprisa SR+ Block Diagram Aprisa SR+ Product Description
Contact Us | 47 7. Contact Us For further information or assistance, please contact Customer Support or your local 4RF representative. Our area representative contact details are available from our website: 4RF Limited 26 Glover Street, Ngauranga PO Box 13-506 Wellington 6032 New Zealand Email address support@4rf.com Website www.4rf.
